Lower Levels Of Resilience Research Articles

Factors Associated with and Predictive Model for Resilience in Family Caregivers of Care-Dependent Adults

Background: Caring for dependent people is an intense task that leads family caregivers to suffer physical or mental pathologies. Resilience is a protective factor that makes an individual more resistant to adverse events. Some characteristics of the caregiver or the care provided predispose the caregiver to be less resilient. Knowing these characteristics will allow us to detect vulnerable caregivers. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with caregiver resilience and establish a predictive model, including the relationship between preparedness, burden, resilience, and anxiety. Materials and Methods: The study design was descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional, with purposive sampling. The sample included 172 family caregivers of care-dependent patients in Spain. Questionnaires were administered to assess caregiver resilience, anxiety, burden, and the preparedness of care-dependent patients. Correlation, univariate, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with resilience. Results: We found that there is a correlation between resilience, preparation, and burden. Factors related to resilience include age, the caregiver’s health status, kinship, childcare, and state aid granted. Caregiver preparedness is the factor that most predicts caregiver resilience in our model. Caregivers with high levels of resilience also demonstrated high levels of preparedness and experienced less burden than those with low levels of resilience. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the relevance of improving the preparation of family caregivers to increase their resilience and, at the same time, the quality of care provided.

Exploring anxiety and depression trends: insights from the BELHEALTH cohort 2022-2024 in Belgium

Abstract Background The swift impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing restrictions on the mental health of the Belgian population prompted the need for a sustainable system to monitor its evolution. Repeated COVID-19 surveys were conducted between 2020 and 2022 to address this issue, followed by the launch of the BELHEALTH cohort project. Our study aims to analyze the trajectory of anxiety and depression at the post-pandemic period, using data from five waves of the BELHEALTH longitudinal surveys from October 2022 to March 2024. High-risk groups and the potential of social support and resilience to mitigate anxiety and depression were explored. Methods The BELHEALTH follow-up cohort of around 7,300 Belgian residents uses online surveys to assess anxiety (with the GAD-7), and depression (with the PHQ-9). The analyses were performed using linear mixed models on the 3,676 individuals who participated in all five waves. Results Preliminary results indicated that more people were affected by anxiety in October 2022 (16%) compared to June 2023 (14%), while depression rates were lower in October 2022 (13%) compared to February 2023 (14%) and March 2024 (15%). However, the trajectory of mental health varied across demographic subgroups, with worse outcomes observed among unemployed and younger individuals, as well as those living alone, in the Walloon Region (South of Belgium). Overall, people with a low level of resilience or a low level of social support exhibited higher odds of experiencing depression. Conclusions Reducing these social inequities in mental health necessitates the development of structural prevention measures and interventions at the regional level. These measures should target factors such as unemployment, which is particularly prevalent among younger individuals and those living in Wallonia. Additionally, fostering protective factors such as social support and resilience is crucial for mitigating mental health inequalities over time. Key messages • Monitoring mental health and its determinants remains crucial to identify and address social inequities, tailor interventions, and support vulnerable populations. • Unemployed, younger people, and those residing in the Walloon region are at particular risk.

Relationship between Vitality and Characteristics of Coping Strategies in Deviant Adolescents

Adolescence is important in the development and formation of a personality, and the family radically influences the development of a teenager; under the family influence, foundations of intentional behavior, ways of responding to stress, level of vitality and defense mechanisms are laid, and a general direction in the formation of moral concepts and relationships emerges. And all this happens against the background of contradictions in physiological and mental development, spiritual formation. The reasons for the use of psychoactive drugs are varied, and most often chemical dependence is determined by the combined action of various factors and conditions. The purpose of the research work was to study the relationship between family structure and characteristics of the adolescents’ response to stress in undergoing inpatient treatment due to the use of psychoactive substances. The study was conducted on the basis of the Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Narcological Dispensary (teenage department). The main group included 18 young men, age: from 15 to 18 years, with experience of using psychoactive substances from one year to three or more years - “teenage addicts”. The control group, “conditionally healthy”, denying the use of psychoactive substances, was represented by high school students of one of the gymnasiums, 15 young men of the same age group. The following methods were used: the Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scale (FACES-3) questionnaire; Plutchik, Kellerman, Conte questionnaire - Life Style Index (LSI) methodology; questionnaire “Methods of coping behavior” by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman and test of vitality (S. Muddy) adapted by D.A. Leontyev. Results. It was revealed that adolescent addicts differ from adolescents without addictive behavior in the following parameters: low level of family adaptation and family cohesion; Adolescents with addictive behavior differ in their style of responding to difficult life situations: they more often use defenses and coping, which serve the function of regulating negative emotional states associated with unmet needs for communication, self-affirmation, etc., while adolescents without addictive behavior use coping and defense, which main function is to resolve the situation; Adolescents with addictive behavior have a lower level of resilience than relatively healthy adolescents. The possibilities of psychotherapeutic influences are discussed.

Elder mistreatment and psychological resilience: the moderating role of social support

ABSTRACT This study examines the possible consequence of elder mistreatment on resilience and whether social support moderates this posited association, using a rural sample of 432 community-dwelling older Chinese adults aged 60 to 79 years. Elder abuse included verbal abuse, physical abuse, or financial exploitation. Social support was measured by The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Resilience was represented by a seven-item scale. Hierarchical regression models indicated that mistreatment is significantly related to low levels of resilience when confounding factors are adjusted. A significant interaction term (abuse × social support) was also detected. Mistreated respondents who reported higher levels of social support were less likely to experience low resilience compared to those with lower levels of social support. Social support buffers against the undesirable effect of mistreatment on resilience, especially for those who were abused.

Relationship Between Social Support And Resilience Among Juvenile Delinquents In Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, Kiambu County, Kenya

Social supports are critical in the rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents which could boost their resilience and help the juveniles endure a variety of challenging circumstances in life. This study investigated the relationship between social support and resilience among juvenile delinquents in Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, Kiambu County Kenya. The study addressed three specific objectives: to asses the levels of social support among juvenile delinquents, to examine the levels of resilience among juvenile delinquents, and to establish the relationship between social support and resilience among juvenile delinquents at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, Kiambu County Kenya. Materials and Methods: The study was informed by the social support theory and resilience theory. The target population were juveniles between the ages of 13-17 years. The participants of the study were 100 juvenile delinquents. The study adopted a census sampling technique. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage, and inferential statistics such as the Pearson coefficient correlation were employed. Results: Findings revealed that 40.3% (n = 39) of the juvenile delinquents, were at moderate level of social support, 33.4% (n = 33) had high social support, while 26.3% (n= 26) of the juvenile scored low level of social support. The study found that that 41.3% (n = 42) of the juvenile delinquents scored high level of resilience, 34.4% (n = 30) of the juvenile delinquents had low level of resilience, while 24.3% (n= 26) of the juvenile, were at moderate level of resilience. Conclusion: The study established that there was a positive relationship (r= .353, p= .004 ≤ 0.05) between social support and resilience among juvenile delinquents at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, Kiambu County Kenya. The study recommended that the juvenile delinquents at Kamiti Maximum Security Prison, who were at low level of resilience and low level of social support be helped in counseling and psychological assessments in order to possibly identify issues that could be responsible for the low levels

Экономическая динамика и эколого-экономическая устойчивость арктических регионов России

This paper explores the environmental and economic resilience of the regions within the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). We define a region's environmental and economic resilience as its capacity to withstand external shocks, independently restore the balance between its economy and environment, and transform while maintaining or improving the balance between its environmental and economic systems. The study's relevance stems from the rapid industrialization of the Russian Arctic in recent years and the constraints on investment in environmental technologies, green production, and management. The study discusses an analysis of macroeconomic, environmental, and economic indicators of the Russian Arctic regions, examining their interrelations during the pandemic crisis and under the pressure of Western sanctions. From 2018 to 2022, the anthropogenic impact on the environment in the Russian Arctic gradually declined, although the situation varied for individual indicators depending on trends in the regional sectors. Regions were identified that lead in environmental and economic resilience as well as those showing increased anthropogenic impact despite declining industrial production. A multidimensional classification of regions in the Russian Arctic was developed based on indicators characterizing the state of the environmental and economic spheres. Clusters of regions with high, low, and limited levels of environmental and economic resilience were identified. The study revealed that the macroeconomic situation in these regions is more dynamic than their environmental and economic conditions. Macroeconomic indicators in the Arctic regions demonstrate different trends during periods of external shocks. Overall, the Russian Arctic economy was sensitive to the 2020 crisis; the 2022 sanctions had a negative impact on economies focused on Western markets, and in 2023, macroeconomic dynamics slowed down across all regions of the Russian Arctic. Further research is necessary to understand the factors influencing the environmental and economic resilience of the Russian Arctic regions under current conditions.

Examining patterns of family resilience and neighborhood cohesion as moderators of the effects of adverse childhood experiences on the mental health of Black adolescents.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) confer risk to the mental health of Black youth, but few studies have examined how youth gender, family, and neighborhood factors jointly influence the psychological impact of adversity. This study investigates if family resilience and neighborhood cohesion jointly moderate the link between latent ACE profiles and mental health among Black girls and boys. This study uses data from the National Survey of Children's Health, combined across the years 2016 through 2021, and includes a nationally representative sample of 5,493 Black youth (48% female) between the ages of 12 and 17. Two patterns of ACEs were identified using latent class analysis characterized by no-to-minimal ACE exposure and moderate-to-high ACE exposure. Membership in the high-ACEs class increased the risk for internalizing problems among Black boys (b = 0.56, p < .001) and girls (b = 0.42, p < .01). Only boys in the high-ACEs class who also reported low levels of family resilience and low neighborhood cohesion evidenced an increased risk for externalizing concerns (b = 0.70, p < .001). Conversely, only girls in the high-ACEs class who reported high levels of family resilience and low levels of neighborhood cohesion evidenced an increased risk for externalizing problems (b = 0.69, p < .01). Findings suggest that the impact of ACEs on mental health is not uniform across Black boys and girls, and that family and neighborhood-level factors may collectively shape the impact of ACEs on the mental health among Black youth in unique ways. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Predictive Model of Risk Behaviour in the University Student Community

Aim. The study aimed to attempt to explain the probable causality of undertaken risk behaviours in a group of university students, from the perspective of various predictors (which included low individual and social resources, as well as other risk behaviours). The choice of predictors was dictated, among other things, by the assumptions of risk behaviour theory and gateway theory. Methods. The research was conducted among university students from many cities in Poland. Empirical data were collected using the survey method. The tool was a survey questionnaire, constructed from the author's scale and the Resilience Scale by Gail Wagnild in the Polish adaptation by Janusz Surzykiewicz and Karol Konaszewski (2019). The data were statistically analysed. The target procedure became path analysis. Results. The study revealed several plausible predictive factors for specific risk behaviours of students. Analyses included behavioural categories such as the use of psychoactive substances and behaviour associated with them, risky sexual contact, low physical and psychosocial health care, dangerous behaviour in daily life, and disclosure of images and private data on the Internet. Each form of risky behaviour was situated in the model. The predictive factors in the path structure were identified as, among others, low social and cultural resources and low levels of resilience. It also appeared that some risk behaviours may be predictors for others. Conclusion. The study reveals that not only syndromes of risk behaviours, but even entire risk pathways creating the possibility to infer probable causality, are noticeable in the group of university students.

Resilience as Safety Culture in German Emergency Medical Services: Examining Irritation and Burnout.

The stress levels in emergency services are enormous. The resulting stress can range from psychological irritation to burnout. This study examines the importance of resilience in the German EMS and its significance for the risk of irritation and burnout among EMS personnel. A quantitative cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 285 EMS personnel in Germany. Resilience was measured by the RS-13 Scale, irritation by the Irritation Scale (IS), and burnout by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Sociodemographic and job-related data were also collected. A classification into resilient groups was used to compare stress levels. More than one-third (39%) of the participants had a low level of resilience. EMS personnel with high levels of resilience had significantly lower scores on the cognitive and emotional irritation dimensions, as well as on the burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Resilience plays an important role in the safety culture of emergency services. The results support the hypothesis that high levels of resilience lead to less stress and help people cope better with stress. Almost two-fifths of the participants had lower resilience, underscoring the need for safe communication and targeted measures to strengthen resilience. Regular training, a supportive work environment, and promoting team cohesion and social support can improve emergency responders' mental health and job performance. Future research should develop specific intervention strategies and evaluate their effectiveness to ensure the long-term health of emergency responders and improve the quality of emergency care.

Typologies of Minority Stressors and Depressive Symptoms among LGBTQ Employees in the Workplace: A Moderated Mediation Model of Workplace Climate and Resilience

Abstract Introduction The pathways between minority stressors and depressive symptoms require a nuanced understanding of how these stressors affect the mental health of sexual and gender minority people. It remains unclear whether minority stressors are associated with depressive symptoms through perception of workplace climate and if resilience moderates these effects. Methods This study examined the direct and indirect effects of different minority stressors (experiences of discrimination, internalized homophobia, expectations of rejection, and concealment of identity) on depressive symptoms through the mediating factor of perception of workplace climate and the moderating factor of resilience. Chinese lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) employees (N = 706) completed a cross-sectional online survey in 2021–2022. We examined the moderated mediating effects using PROCESS macro with a bootstrapping approach. Results Mediation results showed that the four minority stressors were each negatively associated with perceptions of workplace climate, which were associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms among Chinese LGBTQ employees. Moderated mediation models demonstrated that the conditional indirect effects of different types of minority stressors on depressive symptoms through perception of workplace climate were only significant for those with lower levels of resilience. Conclusions Extending the minority stress model to work settings, this study offers new knowledge about the mediating role of perception of workplace climate in the relationship between minority stressors and depressive symptoms. Knowledge about the moderating role of resilience also informs targeted interventions. Policy Implications Interventions targeted at reducing minority stressors, enhancing perceived workplace climate, and promoting resilience are vital to enhance LGBTQ individuals’ mental health.

Stress resistance as an indicator of psychological readiness for professional activities of modern youth

Introduction. The problem of stress tolerance does not lose its relevance today, the concept of stress tolerance is increasingly being discussed in the discourses of the European Union and international organizations. In modern conditions, a person performs responsible tasks in a difficult environment of constant exposure to psychogenic factors: physical overloads, intense work of attention, the need for continuous analysis of rapidly changing situations and their uncertainty, etc. In this regard, the problem of the importance of stress tolerance as an indicator and a possible component of psychological readiness for professional activity of modern youth is of particular relevance. The expediency of considering a single socio-psychological aspect of readiness for professional activity, which includes an inseparable set of personal formations and a state of focus on certain actions, is emphasized. Materials and methods. The respondents were 230 students of both sexes, the average age was 21 ± 2.3 years. The following diagnostic methods were used: S. Muddy's resilience test (adapted by D. A. Leontyev, E. I. Rasskazova), a stress resistance test that reveals the current level of stress (Boston stress resistance test), a method for diagnosing coping behavior in stressful situations (S. Norman, D. Endler, D. James, M. Parker), K. Zamfir’s technique modified by A.A. Reana “Motivation for professional activity”; questionnaire of volitional self-control A.G. Zverkov, E.V. Eidman (VSK), “Self-Confidence Scale” S. Reizas. The statistical reliability of the results is ensured by using the following procedures: descriptive statistics (analysis of intragroup means and standard deviations), Student's t-test. Results. The study found that 50% of students in group 1 (with a low level of resilience) have a reduced level of stress resistance, 50% of students in group 2 (with an average level of resilience) and 57.2% of group 3 (with a high level of resilience) have an average level of stress resistance. It was also established that the proper level of internal motivation, volitional self-control and assertiveness was revealed in the subjects with the highest stress resistance indicators. That is, the higher the stress tolerance indicators, the more effectively a person will be able to cope with difficulties and problems that arise on his way to the goal, the more likely he will make every effort to achieve a successful result and enjoy it. Conclusion. The results obtained suggest that the ability to withstand stress will allow a young specialist not only to cope with difficulties and problems that arise on his way to the goal but also to attach less importance to external circumstances which can have a positive impact on future professional activities.

Relationship between social vulnerability and community resilience: A geospatial study in the context of natural disasters

Social vulnerability and resilience are critical factors for disaster risk management. Despite the significant progress in research on both concepts, only some studies have explored the empirical relationship between them. The relationship between community resilience and social vulnerability to natural disasters in Chile was studied using empirical and geospatial analysis. We used the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) and the Community Resilience Index (BRIC), previously calculated nationally for Chile. Based on these indicators, we constructed a matrix to classify the 3100 districts into high, medium, and low levels of vulnerability and resilience. In addition, we performed a spatial autocorrelation analysis using the Global Moran Index. Our results indicate that: Vulnerability and resilience are related concepts, but are not opposite within a continuum, (II) Rather than being randomly distributed, districts with higher (or lower) capacities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a disaster tend to cluster geographically; (III) the districts with the highest levels of resilience and lowest levels of vulnerability were located in the main cities of the country. We expect that a better understanding of the relationship between vulnerability and resilience in each territory will help institutions in charge of disaster management to identify communities most susceptible to damage and least capable of recovering from a disaster. Consequently, it will facilitate the design and implementation of policies, programs, and plans best adapted to the needs of each community.

Resilient city construction efficiency and its influencing factors in China's Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle: Considering both construction input and resilience level of the city

The growing expansion of urban centers combined with a deteriorating climatic environment raises the likelihood and severity of urban disasters. Thus, there is an urgent need to accelerate the resilient city construction. Here, we use efficiency theory to structure an assessment indicator system of the resilient city construction efficiency to examine the actual correlation of urban resilience enhancement and urban resource consumption. Specifically, 16 key cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle (CCEC) are investigated using the super-efficient SBM and GTWR models. The findings reveal that the resilient city construction efficiency varies greatly among cities in the region, but most cities have relatively low resilient city construction efficiency, showing high resource consumption and low resilience levels. Also, the lower efficiency of regional resilient city construction is mainly due to the serious ineffectiveness of technical and resource inputs, insufficient outputs of ecological resilience and engineering resilience, and is also greatly influenced by factors such as the economic level and the technological innovation level. Upon this basis, we suggest the development strategies for resilient city construction in CCEC. This study broadens the perspective and scope of urban resilience research, and also provides a realistic reference for accelerating the construction of resilient cities.

Worse Morning Energy Profiles Are Associated with Significant Levels of Stress and Decrements in Resilience in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy

ObjectivesEvidence suggests that lower levels of morning energy are associated with higher levels of stress and lower levels of resilience in patients receiving chemotherapy. Study purposes were to identify subgroups of patients with distinct morning energy profiles; evaluate for differences among the profiles in demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as measures of stress, resilience, and coping. MethodsA total of 1,343 outpatients receiving chemotherapy completed a demographic questionnaire and measures of global, cancer-related, and cumulative life stress, and resilience at study enrollment. Morning energy was assessed using the Lee Fatigue Scale at six time points over two cycles of chemotherapy. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients with distinct morning energy profiles. Differences among the subgroups were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric tests. ResultsThree morning energy profiles were identified (i.e., High (17.3%), Low (60.3%), Very Low (22.4%)). Compared to High class, the other two morning energy classes were less likely to be employed; had a lower functional status and a higher comorbidity burden; and were more likely to self-report depression and back pain. For all three types of stress, significant differences were found among the three classes with scores that demonstrated a dose response effect (i.e., High < Low < Very Low; as decrements in morning energy increased, stress scores increased). Compared to High class, Very Low class reported higher rates of physical and sexual abuse. The resilience scores exhibited a dose response effect as well (i.e., High > Low > Very Low). Patients with the two worst energy profiles reported a higher use of disengagement coping strategies. ConclusionsFindings highlight the complex relationships among decrements in morning energy, various types of stress, resilience, and coping in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Implications for Nursing PracticeClinicians need to assess for stress and adverse childhood experiences to develop individualized management plans to increase patients’ energy levels.

Validity And Reliability Of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) 10 Items On Pregnant Women

Background: Pregnancy period trigger emotional challenges for women, not only due to hormonal changes but also due to physical, psychological, social, financial and cultural factors. Women’s reaction to stress or difficult conditions is considered as resilience. Pregnant women who have low levels of resilience tend to report high perceptions of stress, so increasing resilience in pregnant women is important for building positive coping strategies to minimize the negative effects of stress on the mother and fetus. One of the tools that is often used to assess resilience is Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the 10-item CD-RISC on pregnant women sample. Method: This research was descriptive statistical to test the validity and reliability of the CD-RISC 10-items on 30 respondents in Magelang, Central Java. Result: The pearson correlation and cronbach alpha was used to assess validity and reliability. The statistical test results showed that the item correlation value for all items ranged from 0.711 to 0.906, r values from 10 items had score above the r table (0.361). The cronbach alpha value was 0.940. Discussion: Researchers assumed that apart from being valid and reliable, the resilience theory on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) shows relevance to culture and values adopted by pregnant women in Indonesia, therefore this tool can be employed to explore the level of resilience of pregnant women in quantitative or qualitative research. Conlussion: This study conclude that CD-RISC 10 items has good validity and reliability for assessing the resilience of pregnant women in Indonesia

Facing Life in Old Age: Exploring Resilience in Older Adults with Bipolar Disorder.

Background: Older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD) are individuals aged 50 years and older with bipolar disorder (BD). People with BD may have fewer coping strategies or resilience. A long duration of the disease, as seen in this population, could affect the development of resilience strategies, but this remains under-researched. Therefore, this study aims to assess resilience levels within the OABD population and explore associated factors, hypothesizing that resilience could improve psychosocial functioning, wellbeing and quality of life of these patients. Methods: This study sampled 33 OABD patients from the cohort at the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. It was an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinical variables as well as psychosocial functioning, resilience and cognitive reserve were analyzed. Resilience was measured using the CD-RISC-10. Non-parametric tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The average CD-RISC-10 score was 25.67 points (SD 7.87). Resilience negatively correlated with the total number of episodes (p = 0.034), depressive episodes (p = 0.001), and the FAST (p < 0.001). Participants with normal resilience had a lower psychosocial functioning (p = 0.046), a higher cognitive reserve (p = 0.026), and earlier onset (p = 0.037) compared to those with low resilience. Conclusions: OABD individuals may have lower resilience levels which correlate with more psychiatric episodes, especially depressive episodes and worse psychosocial functioning and cognitive reserve. Better understanding and characterization of resilience could help in early identification of patients requiring additional support to foster resilience and enhance OABD management.

The moderating effect of resilience in the association between insomnia severity and PTSD symptoms in Lebanese adolescents in the aftermath of the 2023 earthquake

ABSTRACT The interplay between insomnia and PTSD symptoms remains misunderstood, and seems to be influenced by other factors like individual resilience. Our study examined the moderating role of resilience in the relationship between insomnia and PTSD symptoms among a sample of Lebanese adolescents, in the aftermath of the 2023 earthquake. This cross sectional study, conducted in April, 2 months after the earthquake, enrolled 546 Lebanese adolescents. We used the Sleep Self Report, the Resilience Scale for Adolescents and the 13-item Children’s Impact of Event Scale. The interaction insomnia severity by resilience was significantly associated with PTSD scores. At low, moderate and high resilience levels, higher insomnia severity was significantly associated with lower PTSD. Resilience moderated the relationship between insomnia and PTSD, mitigating the detrimental impact of disrupted sleep on PTSD symptoms. This data can guide healthcare administrators and psychiatric caregivers in classifying risk factors and implementing interventions to predict PTSD development.

COVID-19 induced mental health and resilience of hotel employees: The case of Ghana hotels used as quarantine facilities

The study aimed at gaining understanding of the mental health and resilience of employees’ at hotels used as quarantine facilities during COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected from 240 hotel employees. Descriptive statistics, correlation and chi-square were used to explore the variables of the study. There was relatively low levels of resilience among hotel employees with an overwhelming prevalence and symptoms of COVID-19 induced depression, anxiety and stress among employees. COVID-19 induced depression, anxiety and stress correlated positively with each other. Implications of the results for mental healthcare services in the hospitality industry are discussed.

ОСОБИСТІСНІ ДЕСКРИПТОРИ ЗРІЛОСТІ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ

The purpose of the article is to theoretically and empirically study the personal descriptors of students' civic identity maturity. Methods. The study used psychodiagnostic methods for determining personality characteristics (the Big Five by R. McKrae and P. Costa, the locus of control test by J. Rotter, the stress level test by V. Shcherbatykh), as well as the methodology for diagnosing the level of maturity of civic identity by I. Petrovska. The methods of statistical data processing were correlation, comparative and cluster analysis. The sample of the researchers consisted of students of humanitarian specialties of 1-5 courses of universities in Lviv. Results. The correlation analysis showed that the largest number of correlations is formed by such indicators of civic identity as general maturity and resilience. Indicators of civic identity maturity are directly related to personal characteristics: conscientiousness, neuroticism, stress level (direct relationship), external locus of control, extraversion (inverse relationship). The resilience of civic identity is related to the level of stress and the localization of control. Cluster analysis showed that civic identity resilience was a parameter for dividing respondents into two subgroups. Individuals with a low level of civic identity resilience are characterized by low levels of extraversion, high levels of conscientiousness, neuroticism, and stress, as well as internalization of the locus of control. Individuals with a high level of civic identity resilience are characterized by a high level of extraversion, low levels of conscientiousness, neuroticism and stress, as well as a high level of locus of control externalization. Conclusions. The maturity of civic identity is related to such personal parameters as introversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, high stress level, and internal locus of control. An inverse relationship between resilience and maturity of civic identity was found, which means that the characteristic feature of the latter is not rigidity but flexibility. Individuals with a high level of civic identity resilience are characterized by a high level of extraversion, low levels of conscientiousness, neuroticism and stress, as well as a high level of external locus of control.

Examining the Mediating Role of Resilience and Life Satisfaction in the Relationship Between Anxiety Sensitivity and Perceived Stress.

This study examines the mediation role of life satisfaction and resilience variables in the relationships between anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress. The data was collected with the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, Life Satisfaction Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Brief Psychological Resilience Scale from 347 university students (Mage = 23.15, SD = 5.15; 70% girls, 30% boys). The analyses were examined by structural equation modeling using AMOS 24. The findings suggest that students with high anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress have low resilience and life satisfaction levels. More importantly, resilience and life satisfaction were found to have partial mediation. As a result, it is seen that anxiety sensitivity has a significant effect on reducing perceived stress by increasing students' resilience and life satisfaction. Therefore, this situation facilitates decreased anxiety levels, greater satisfaction with life, and more robust mental health.