Lower Quality Of Work Research Articles

Advantages and disadvantages of working at university: estimates of scientific and pedagogical employees

In the article the focus of the research interest is directed to the advantages and limitations of work at university as assessed by scientific and pedagogical employees. The empirical study was conducted using the semi-structured interview method with 145 scientific and pedagogical employees from 7 leading Russian universities. The classification of strengths (advantages) and weaknesses (disadvantages) of working at university has been formed, which are combined on the following grounds: organizational and managerial, social and academic, financial and economic, and territorial and infrastructural. Advantages of working at university: favorable conditions for academic development; stable team of professionals and comfortable working atmosphere; lack of inertia and routine of the labor process; developed material and technical base and formed infrastructure of university; job stability and social guarantees. Disadvantages of working at university: high workload, which leads to emotional overwork and lower quality of work; bureaucratic procedures distract from the main work; lack of desired support from the management. Comprehensive work of university management, aimed at the systemic development of personnel policy, will eliminate the above- mentioned shortcomings and ensure the reduction of their occurrence risk. The obtained results of the sociological research can be used in practical work and in justification of managerial decision-making by top management in universities, can be useful to other stakeholders such as scientific and pedagogical employees, graduate students, and young people oriented to employment in higher education institutions and building an academic career.

Influence of Risk Acceptance on Implementation of KeRRA Road Construction Projects in Migori County, Kenya

Implementation of Government of Kenya (KeRRA) road construction projects face high levels of risks, but often these risks are not dealt with adequately, which is reflected in low quality of work as well as cost and time overruns. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of risk acceptance on implementation of KeRRA road construction projects in Migori County. Implementation was measured as a function of project completion within the set time frame and being within budget. This study was anchored on Risk Management theory which offer a foundation for interrogating the influence of the variables under study. The research philosophy was based on pragmatism. Concurrent triangulation research design was used as it factors in the qualitative and quantitative aspects of research study. The target population for the study consisted of 92 contractors, 459 constituency roads committee members (CRCs) and 2 Consultant Engineers. Through a sampling size formula, a total of 39 contractors and 193 CRC members were selected using simple random sampling technique. Primary data was obtained through self-administered questionnaires to contractors and CRC members. Validity of research instruments was obtained through piloting and expert evaluation while reliability was tested using test retest method. Inferential statistics of Multiple Linear Regression was applied to determine the influence of risk management strategies on implementation of KeRRA road construction projects by testing the hypotheses for the study. Statistical significance was assessed at p<0.05. Qualitative data obtained from the interview schedules was analysed using content analysis. The study found out that risk acceptance accounted for 70.0% of change in implementation of KeRRA road construction projects. The study concluded that risk acceptance influenced implementation of KeRRA road construction projects significantly (p<0.05). The study recommends that there is need for effective system for risk based identification, analysis and management needs to be activated and KeRRA should ensure that all manpower and machinery used in road constructions are insured and properly certified in accordance with occupational health and safety standards policies.

Developing administrative and process-related solutions for the benefit of residential construction projects

Housing construction is a key segment of economy in any country, as it satisfies the needs of population and ensures safe living conditions. This segment must take into account the requirements of safety, environmental friendliness, energy efficiency and limited mobility, resulting in high-quality construction products within pre-set deadlines. Due to the fact that many parties are involved in the construction of buildings, numerous processes are underway. As a result, various risk factors may arise. They may cause a failure to meet deadlines and lower quality of work. The authors propose administrative and process-related solutions aimed at eliminating the most substantial risk factors. The study solves the following tasks: analyzing the general contractor's activity in residential construction; studying risk factors that affect the building construction period; identifying actions aimed at mitigating risk factors by applying administrative and process-related solutions; developing and implementing a novel method developed on the basis of the research projects. An expert survey was conducted among the top specialists from the construction industry, and a list of risk factors arising during the construction of residential buildings was made. As a result, a method is developed that enables the pre-assessment of potential construction risk factors and elimination or minimization of their effect. This method reduces the period of construction, improves the quality of construction facilities and, on the whole, increases labor productivity.

Influence of Risk Transfer on Implementation of Kerra Road Construction Projects between 2019 and 2023 in Migori County, Kenya

The implementation of Kenya Rural Roads Authority (KeRRA) construction projects faces high levels of risk, but these risks are often not adequately addressed, which is reflected in the low quality of work, as well as cost and time overruns. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of risk transfer on the implementation of KeRRA road construction projects in Migori County, Kenya. Implementation was measured as a function of project completion within the set time frame and staying within budget. This study was anchored on project implementation theory, which provides a foundation for examining the influence of the variables under study. A concurrent triangulation research design was used, as it incorporates both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the research study. The target population for the study consisted of 92 contractors, 459 constituency roads committee (CRC) members, and 2 consultant engineers. Using a sampling size formula, a total of 39 contractors and 193 CRC members were selected through simple random sampling. Two (2) consultant engineers for Migori County were selected using purposive sampling. Primary data was obtained through self-administered questionnaires to contractors and CRC members, while Key Informant Interviews (KII) were conducted with the consultant engineers. The validity of the research instruments was ensured through piloting and expert evaluation. Inferential statistics, specifically Multiple Linear Regression, were applied to determine the influence of risk transfer strategies on the implementation of KeRRA road construction projects, by testing the hypotheses for the study. Statistical significance was assessed at p < 0.05. Qualitative data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The study found that risk transfer strategies are mostly employed during the construction of roads in Migori County (M = 3.77, SD = 0.86) and accounted for 70.0% of the variation in the implementation of the projects. The study concluded that improvement in risk transfer strategies leads to an increase in the implementation of KeRRA road construction projects in Migori County. The study recommends that, to ensure risk transfer is properly undertaken, a system of risk reporting and remedial actions should be activated to ensure a smooth and effective road project implementation process. Additionally, KeRRA should ensure that all manpower and machinery used in road construction are insured and properly certified in accordance with occupational safety and health standards and policies.

Professional and personal experiences of workplace violence among Italian mental health nurses: A qualitative study

<sec><title>Background</title><p>Violence against healthcare workers in psychiatric settings is a concern in the literature. Violence effects for healthcare professionals and organizations include an absence from work due to injury or illness, a decreased job satisfaction, and a lower quality of work. The aim of this study is to identify the consequences of violence on the health, work habits, and performance of nurses working with psychiatric patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 18 nurses from different hospitals and territorial psychiatric settings in Southern Italy. The interviews were conducted from July to December 2020 by telephone and were recorded with the consent of the participants. The collected data were transcribed and analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The narratives revealed five main themes: (1) Feelings about the violence experienced; (2) the effects of violent incidents on nurses; (3) features of the mental health setting related to the phenomenon of the assault; (4) the care and organizational aspects to prevent the assault; and (5) the care in psychiatric settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aggressions resulted in a change in the nurses' work habits and performances; they were more careful after the aggression and modified their approach to the patient. Additionally, the nurses discussed developing skills and strategies to protect themselves and avoid aggression.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Aggression has a negative impact on the health and work performance of nurses. Adopting personal and nursing strategies in place to prevent aggression allows them to improve the patient care and to protect themselves from such incidents. The creation of a safer work environment by healthcare organizations in which professionals work can improve their health, job performance, and the effectiveness of psychiatric nursing care.</p></sec>

Analysis of Critical Project Success Factors—Sustainable Management of the Fast-Track Construction Industry

Fast-track construction has recently become the prevailing construction approach globally. It enables owners and developers to make rapid returns on investment through shortened construction periods. This strategy has many effects on the industry; therefore, four groups of factors were studied in this project: (1) financial, (2) logistics and finance, (3) management, and (4) legal. A 22-question survey was distributed to 155 professionals in the construction industry, who evaluated the impact of the stated factors on a 5-point scale. The results revealed a high level of consistency determined through Cronbach’s alpha, and a positive correlation was found by Spearman’s rank coefficient. The Relative Importance Index was used to rank the factors based the evaluation by the professionals, resulting in the following impact ranking: (1) poor communication among design and construction teams, (2) large amounts of rework, (3) low quality of work by the contractor, (4) design errors, (5) late or insufficient payment according to terms agreed with the client, and (6) unavailability of materials in the market. By providing a quantitative RII model to evaluate fast-track project management performance with the use of corresponding performance indicators, this study will benefit industry practitioners and researchers as it identifies the most significant factors that impact fast-tract project management performance.

Causes of miscommunication leading to project delays and low work quality in the construction industry of Saudi Arabia

One of the major issues in the construction industry is miscommunication among all the related people working on a project. The success of a project depends on the effectiveness of information flow, as it is believed to be the cause of irregularities in most projects. This study was undertaken to address the issue of miscommunication in the construction sector of Saudi Arabia to evaluate the root causes of miscommunication and its effects on the health of a project. A comprehensive survey was designed to seek the opinion of highly experienced experts in the construction industry regarding the matter. The obtained data was put into a three-staged statistical analysis including a reliability check through Cronbach’s alpha and weighted average rating factors. The results revealed the root causes of miscommunication which pose a serious threat to a project. Also, the results showed that the major effects produced by these causes are project delay and low work quality on a construction site. The factors were organized on a fishbone diagram for better clarity. The research is beneficial for the administrative and management staff of a construction project. By deploying protective measures during the planning phase, discussed in the article, the adverse effects of miscommunication can be avoided.

Interference in the activity of judicial bodies (Article 376 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine): topical issues of criminal law qualification

The article is devoted to the analysis of certain problematic issues of criminal law qualification of interference with the judiciary. The author emphasizes the importance of criminal law protection of judicial independence and notes the low quality of work of criminal justice authorities in pre-trial investigation and trial of the relevant category of torts. The article analyzes official statistical data (2020 - 2022) and reveals a critical disproportion between the ratio of criminal proceedings registered by pre-trial investigation authorities and indictments submitted to court, as well as the facts of excessive duration of their consideration by courts.The article summarizes the research positions regarding the distinction between interference with the judiciary and other types of unlawful influence on persons involved in the direct administration of justice through the use of mental or physical violence; destruction or damage to property; and attempts on life (Articles 377-379 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), and identifies two main approaches. The author advocates the position on the correlation of these rules as general and special. The author assesses special rules as the result of differentiation of criminal liability by the legislator. The features of the general rule are detailed in special corpus delicti by specifying the list of victims and methods of criminal behavior. The compliance with the general requirement for the construction of sanctions of criminal law provisions, whereby the sanctions of special provisions (Articles 377-379) differ from the sanctions of the general provision (Article 376) in the direction of strengthening (additional features increase the degree of social danger of torts), should be considered as an additional confirmation. The author supports the position that additional qualification of the guilty subject’s behavior under Article 376 is permissible only if there is a real set of torts.

EFEKTIFITAS TERAPI AFIRMASI POSITIF DAN RELAKSASI TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGKAT STRES PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

Stress is the body's reaction to situations that seem dangerous or difficult, stress makes the body produce the hormone adrenaline which functions to defend itself. This situation can result in the emergence of quite a number of symptoms, such as depression, irritability, anxiety, low quality of work. There are many obstacles faced by elementary school students facing the Final School Assessment such as anxiety, fear of not going to class, difficulty in learning concentration, laziness, low motivation, and the prevalence of gadget addiction. One of the tests to reduce stress levels is positive affirmation therapy and progressive muscle relaxation therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of therapy on stress levels in elementary school students. The research design used a quasi-experimental method. The sample data collection technique used formula for pretest and posttest research by measuring using a questionnaire before and after therapy with a sample of 62 people. The results of bivariate analysis showed the effect of therapy with the Mann Whitney statistical test on stress levels in the therapy group with a p value of 0.000 > 0.05, in respondents.

Automated and Continuous Fatigue Monitoring in Construction Workers Using Forearm EMG and IMU Wearable Sensors and Recurrent Neural Network.

About 40% of the US construction workforce experiences high-level fatigue, which leads to poor judgment, increased risk of injuries, a decrease in productivity, and a lower quality of work. Therefore, it is essential to monitor fatigue to reduce its adverse effects and prevent long-term health problems. However, since fatigue demonstrates itself in several complex processes, there is no single standard measurement method for fatigue detection. This study aims to develop a system for continuous workers' fatigue monitoring by predicting the aerobic fatigue threshold (AFT) using forearm muscle activity and motion data. The proposed system consists of five modules: Data acquisition, activity recognition, oxygen uptake prediction, maximum aerobic capacity (MAC) estimation, and continuous AFT monitoring. The proposed system was evaluated on the participants performing fourteen scaffold-building activities. The results show that the AFT features have achieved a higher accuracy of 92.31% in assessing the workers' fatigue level compared to heart rate (51.28%) and percentage heart rate reserve (50.43%) features. Moreover, the overall performance of the proposed system on unseen data using average two-min AFT features was 76.74%. The study validates the feasibility of using forearm muscle activity and motion data to workers' fatigue levels continuously.

The Necessary Role of Leader-Member Exchange on Employee Outcomes

Utilizing a different paradigm, necessity logic (Dul, 2016) across two samples of leader-employee dyads (N1=127, N2=131), I test the extent to which the leader-member exchange (LMX) is a necessary condition for employees’ outcomes at work (i.e., work effort, work quality, job engagement and OCBO). At the individual level, empirical support is found for the necessary role of employee’s perception of the social LMX relationship on OCBO and work engagement. But especially, empirical support is found for the necessary role of leader’s perception of the social LMX relationship on work effort, work quality, OCBO and work engagement. At the dyadic level, findings indicate that leader and employee’s dissimilar perceptions of the social and economic LMX relationship is necessary for low work quality.

Relationship Between Managerial Support and Hospital Atmosphere With Burnout Among Nurses at COVID-19 unit

Introduction: Hospital atmosphere and managerial support during the COVID-19 pandemic are important factors in determining the quality of nursing care, however, support that is not provided properly can cause work stress, causing burnout syndrome which results in low quality of work. The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between managerial support and hospital atmosphere with burnout syndrome of nurses at COVID-19 unit. Methods: The research design was correlational descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 64 nurses at COVID-19 unit at the referral hospital for COVID-19 patients in Surabaya who handle COVID-19 patients directly for at least 2 months and treat COVID-19 patients at least 1-2 patients every day in the isolation room were selected through a simple random sampling method. The variables in this study were managerial support, hospital atmosphere, and burnout syndrome. Perceived managerial support was measured by the Managerial Support Questionnaire, the Hospital Atmosphere Questionnaire for perceived hospital atmosphere, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to measure burnout syndrome. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis and logistic regression test with a significance value of p≤ 0.05. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between managerial support (p = 0.027) and hospital atmosphere (p = 0.026) with burnout syndrome. The relationship between managerial support and hospital atmosphere is negative. The higher the managerial support and hospital atmosphere, the lower the burnout syndrome level. Conclusion: High managerial support and a good hospital atmosphere can reduce burnout syndrome among nurses at COVID-19 unit. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for hospitals in preventing nurse burnout syndrome so that the quality of service increases.

Risk Factor Identification Occupational Health and Safety Medical Record Officer Filing Section in Hospital (Literature Review)

Background: Filing service is one of the medical record work units that responsible for the storage and maintenance of medical record files. Filing is one of the work units in medical records that are responsible for the storage and maintenance of medical record files. The work implementation process has risks that can threaten the safety and health of officers. Therefore, it can result in low quality of work. An attempt that can be performed to decrease the risk of accident is the implementation of good Occupational Health and Safety. Through several studies related to Occupational Health and Safety in Filing Unit, some of the factors causing work accidents are physical, chemical, biological, biomechanical factors related to ergonomics, individuals, and psychosocial, which causes the officers to feel unsafe and uncomfortable at work. Therefore, this study aims to identify what are the risk factors for occupational health and safety to medical record officers in the filing section at the hospital.Methods: The research method was qualitative research. The data collection used a literature study. The subjects of the study were medical record officers in the filing section, while the object of the study was occupational health and safety.Results: The results of the study, according to 10 journals reviewed, show that factors that become the risk to occupational health and safety of medical record officers in the filling section are lighting, air temperature, smells caused by old medical record files, virus exposure, medical record storage rack, awareness of using PPE, and work relationship between officers.Conclusions: It is expected that the hospital can improve work facilities and infrastructures, and the self-awareness of medical record officers to maintain safety and comfort at work is required so that a good and optimal working atmosphere can be created.

CONSTRUCTION DISPUTE AND CONTRACT DOCUMENT DEFECTIVENESS: TESTING MODERATING EFFECT OF BIM

Construction dispute is the result of contract incompleteness caused by bounded rationality and uncertainty. These disputes are prevalent and have a detrimental effect on project success in terms of increased cost, low quality of work, loss of profit, time extension, and damaged business and professional relationships. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), this study examines the relationship between contract defectiveness (one of the bounded rationality classes) and dispute occurrence and the moderating effect of BIM on the causal relationship. The result shows that contract document defectiveness has a significant effect on dispute occurrence. Likewise, the multigroup moderation test revealed a significant, positive, and more substantial impact on the BIM user group. Therefore, it can be posited based on this study's findings that BIM has a significant effect on reducing contract document defectiveness, which is one of the potential benefits of its adoption on construction projects.

A qualitative study on the consequences of workplace violence in psychiatric settings

Abstract Background Violence against health care workers in psychiatric settings presents worrying data in the literature. Violence effects for healthcare professionals and organizations are absence from work for injury or illness, decreased job satisfaction and lower quality of work. The aim of the study was to identify the consequences of violence on health, work habits and performance of nurses who work with psychiatric patients. Methods The study was carried out by using a semi-structured interview with 12 nurses from different hospital and territorial psychiatric settings in Southern Italy. The interviews were conducted from July to October 2020 by telephone and recorded with the consent of the participants. The collected data were transcribed and analyzed. Results The data show that 91.7% of the interviewees were assaulted by patients. Eight nurses (66.7%) were aggressed several times and six (50%) suffered physical violence. The narratives revealed that patients mainly suffered from drug addiction and that half of them were on pharmacological treatment. Nurses reported feelings of anger, helplessness, fear and frustration; five nurses experienced health consequences, including low mood, anxiety, stress and nervousness. Some of them described pain from physical injuries and permanent effects caused by the assault. An attacked nurse has been absent from work for injury. The aggressions resulted in a change of nurses' work habits and performances; they were more careful after the aggression and modified their approach to the patient. Some of them developed skills and strategies to protect themselves and avoid aggression, others developed greater faith in the efficacy of the prescribed drug. However, the events also caused job dissatisfaction. Conclusions Aggression has a negative impact on nurses' health and work performance. Healthcare organizations should take into account the self-protection strategies identified by professionals and support them to prevent violence. Key messages Violence at work compromises nurses' health and work performance in psychiatric settings. Safer work settings could improve nurses' job satisfaction and the quality of patient care.

Project Resource Optimization Considering Labor Productivity Factors

Labor cost takes a central place during the operation of a company's activities due to its high monetary value and importance on its production. This is one of the priority questions on how to minimize labor costs and improve efficiency of workers. Timeframe, quality and works delivery on time are the most significant factors for project development. It is highly dependable on the efficiency of resources, factors related to its performance. When it comes to actual work and execution on site, work which executed by less qualified technicians or managers with irrelevant or not sufficient enough knowledge and experience may result in a low quality of work, mistakes which may need to be recovered on a later stages creating delays in a project schedule, additional cost, resources, project failure. This research we will be emphasizing on optimization of activities related to a construction field and on how to measure, execute, allocate available or proposed resources to a specific task to achieve a required level of performance.

Algorithmicity of determination of efficiency of storage of grain harvesters

The article conducts research and generalization of storage efficiency of combine harvesters. The most efficient storage of machines is provided indoors by agro-industrial enterprises. However, about 60% of the combine harvester fleet is stored in open areas. Due to limited economic opportunities in many organizations there are cases of non-compliance with the rules of storage of machines and low quality of work on corrosion protection. Due to corrosion during storage of machines and equipment, their durability is reduced, the complexity of maintenance and repair operations is increased. The most susceptible to corrosion are gear teeth and bush-roller chains, threaded connections, working parts of tillage machines: plowshares, cultivator legs and others. Due to corrosion, the cost of maintaining the fleet increases. Costs for maintenance and repair of working tools of tillage implements in organizations range from 32 to 78% of the cost of machines. In recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce the cost of corrosion protection in the use of waste preservatives. However, there are no specific recommendations in the literature for the preparation of such preservatives and the results of their tests for combine harvesters.

Improvement of Innovation Ability of Hospital Managers and Construction of Competitive Strategy

At present, there are many problems in hospital management personnel, such as low quality of work and weak innovation ability, which are not conducive to the rapid development of hospitals. To effectively improve the innovation ability of hospital managers and establish a competitive strategy, this study took the head nurse of a hospital in Shandong province as the subject, determined the performance evaluation index through the review by authority, and established the reward and punishment system. It was found from the research results that only 36 people obtained three A in the first month after the implementation of the performance management examination, and the number of people increased to 42 in the second third month. The results of the quarterly examination showed that the number of head nurses who obtained five A and four A has exceeded half of the total number of head nurses. The research demonstrates that the method proposed in this study can help improve the working ability of hospital managers, and this study makes some contributions to establishing hospital competitive strategy and improving the soft competitiveness of hospitals.

The Effect of Employee Competencies and Discipline on the Performance of State Civil Apparatus at Wewiku District Office, Malaka Regency

The ability of a nation is determined by the capability of the bureaucratic apparatus in carrying out its duties and functions as a professional and accountable public servant and can be measured from performance achievements. The purpose of this study was to provide input to the government of Malaka regency regarding the employee competencies and discipline and its influence of the performance on officers at Wewiku district, Malaka regency. There are still problems with employee performance in Wewiku district, such as the low quality of work and the limited reliability of work. The population of this research is all State Civil Apparatus working in Wewiku district, Malaka regency. The State Civil Apparatus living in Wewiku District, Malaka Regency, work at the Wewiku District Office, and the others are Village Secretary for 12 villages in Wewiku district, so the total is 33 people. The results of the statistical analysis show that the correlation coefficient r between the competence and the performance variable is 0.7252. If connected with table 3.2, the value is in the interval of 0.60 to 0.799, meaning that the influence of competence on the performance of the state civil apparatus in Wewiku district, Malaka regency district is stron. Also, the analysis of the correlation coefficient r between the variable of employees discipline and performance is 0.6487. If connected with table 3.2, the value is in the interval of 0.60 to 0.799, meaning that the effect of discipline on the performance of the state civil apparatus in Wewiku district, Malaka regency is strong. Moreover, the calculation results used the regression equation for two predictors: If Y = a+b 1 X 1 +b 2 X 2 , the Adjusted R Square value of 0.60757 multiplied by 100% will result in 60.759%, meaning that the influence of competence (X 1 ) and discipline (X 2 ) on the performance of state civil apparatus in Wewiku district is quite significant. Therefore, the head of Wewiku district and Malaka regency is recommended to improve further the competence and discipline of employees by conducting further studies for civil servants, registering employees in training, and fostering employee attitudes so that they have a more positive effect on the performance of the state civil apparatus. Keywords : Performance, Wewiku District, Competence, Discipline, Malaka Regency DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/10-9-01 Publication date: September 30 th 2020

PENGARUH DISIPLIN, KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN KUALITAS KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN ACEH TAMIANG

Increasing times require companies to be able to make decisions in terms of the right strategy in order to compete at an increasingly tight and competitive level of the Agency. In the past year, namely in 2017 there has been a decline in the performance of employees of the Aceh Tamiang District Health Office. This is because the employee's work discipline has decreased by being marked by many employees who arrive late then not only late but the employees like to be provoked by anger in serving the community, this is clearly related to low quality of work and have an impact on the low performance of Aceh Tamiang District Health Office employees compared to other regions. At the same time often employees do not come to work for unclear reasons. Aceh Tamiang District Health Office Jalan Ir. Haji Juanda (Aceh Tamiang Office Complex) Karang Baru Aceh Tamiang District, the sample in this study amounted to 33 people.Y = 45,064 + 2,035X1 + 1,070X2 + 0,234X3 The multiple linear regression equation can be interpreted as follows: If the variable Role Conflict, Job Stress and Organizational Commitment45,064 is equal to zero, then the Organizational Citizenship Behavior will be valued at the unit with a decreasing tendency. If the Role Conflict variable is increased by 1 unit, the Organizational Citizenship Behavior of teachers will increase by 2,035 units. If Job Stress is increased by 1 unit, it will be followed by an increase in Teacher's Organizational Citizenship Behavior by 1,070 units. If the Organizational Commitment is increased by one, it will be followed by an increase in Organizational Citizenship Behavior by 0.234 units