Lower Processing Speed Research Articles

Functional Brain Networks Are Altered in Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: Signs for Compensation of Cognitive Decrements? The Maastricht Study.

Type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive decrements, accelerated cognitive decline, and increased risk for dementia. Patients with the metabolic syndrome, a major risk factor for diabetes, may display comparable cognitive decrements as seen in type 2 diabetes. Currently, the impact of diabetes and prediabetes on cognition and the underlying organization of functional brain networks still remain to be elucidated. This study investigated whether functional brain networks are affected in type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. Forty-seven participants with diabetes, 47 participants with prediabetes, and 45 control participants underwent detailed cognitive testing and 3-Tesla resting state functional MRI. Graph theoretical network analysis was performed to investigate alterations in functional cerebral networks. Participants with diabetes displayed altered network measures, characterized by a higher normalized cluster coefficient and higher local efficiency, compared with control participants. The network measures of the participants with prediabetes fell between those with diabetes and control participants. Lower processing speed was associated with shorter path length and higher global efficiency. Participants with type 2 diabetes have altered functional brain networks. This alteration is already apparent in the prediabetic stage to a somewhat lower level, hinting at functional reorganization of the cerebral networks as a compensatory mechanism for cognitive decrements.

Cognitive assessment in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by means of P300-Brain Computer Interface: a preliminary study

Objective: To investigate the use of P300-based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technology for the administration of motor-verbal free cognitive tests in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).Methods: We recruited 15 ALS patients and 15 age- and education-matched healthy subjects. All participants underwent a BCI-based neuropsychological assessment, together with two standard cognitive screening tools (FAB, MoCA), two psychological questionnaires (BDI, STAI-Y) and a usability questionnaire. For patients, clinical and respiratory examinations were also performed, together with a behavioural assessment (FBI).Results: Correlations were observed between standard cognitive and BCI-based neuropsychological assessment, mainly concerning execution times in the ALS group. Moreover, patients provided positive rates concerning the BCI perceived usability and subjective experience. Finally, execution times at the BCI-based neuropsychological assessment were useful to discriminate patients from controls, with patients achieving lower processing speed than controls regarding executive functions.Conclusions: The developed motor-verbal free neuropsychological battery represents an innovative approach, that could provide relevant information for clinical practice and ethical issues. Its use for cognitive evaluation throughout the course of ALS, currently not available by means of standard assessment, must be addressed in further longitudinal validation studies. Further work will be aimed at refining the developed system and enlarging the cognitive spectrum investigated.

White matter and information processing speed following treatment with cranial-spinal radiation for pediatric brain tumor.

We compared the structure of specific white matter tracts and information processing speed between children treated for posterior fossa tumors with cranial-spinal radiation (n = 30), or with surgery +/- focal radiation (n = 29), and healthy children (n = 37). Probabilistic diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography was used to delineate the inferior longitudinal fasciculi, optic radiation, inferior frontal occipital fasciculi, and uncinate fasciculi bilaterally. Information processing speed was measured using the coding and symbol search subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales, and visual matching, pair cancellation, and rapid picture naming subtests of the Woodcock-Johnson Test of Cognitive Ability, 3rd revision. We examined group differences using repeated measures MANOVAs and path analyses were used to test the relations between treatment, white matter structure of the tracts, and information processing speed. DTI indices of the optic radiations, the inferior longitudinal fasciculi, and the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi differed between children treated with cranial-spinal radiation and children treated with surgery +/- focal radiation, and healthy controls (p = .045). Children treated with cranial-spinal radiation also exhibited lower processing speed scores relative to healthy control subjects (p = .002). Notably, we observed that group differences in information processing speed were related to the structure of the right optic radiation (p = .002). We show that cranial-spinal radiation may have a negative impact on information processing speed via insult to the right optic radiations. (PsycINFO Database Record

Multi-scale structural similarity index for motion detection

The most recent approach for measuring the image quality is the structural similarity index (SSI). This paper presents a novel algorithm based on the multi-scale structural similarity index for motion detection (MS-SSIM) in videos. The MS-SSIM approach is based on modeling of image luminance, contrast and structure at multiple scales. The MS-SSIM has resulted in much better performance than the single scale SSI approach but at the cost of relatively lower processing speed. The major advantages of the presented algorithm are both: the higher detection accuracy and the quasi real-time processing speed.

(889) - Pathological Substrate of intermittent Low Speed Process on the Native Aortic Valve of Patients Assisted with Left Ventricular Assist Device

(889) - Pathological Substrate of intermittent Low Speed Process on the Native Aortic Valve of Patients Assisted with Left Ventricular Assist Device

WISC-IV performances of young male subjects with AD(H)D, the benefits of applying cognitive profile analysis to diagnostics

Studies suggest that children and adolescents suffering from AD(H)D show a specific WISC-IV profile in comparison to subjects of the same age group without any mental disorder. The present study compares the cognitive profiles of male subjects with AD(H)D to those of a clinical control group. The benefits of applying an ADHD specific cognitive profile analysis to differential diagnostics are analyzed. The WISC-IV profiles of 50 male subjects with AD(H)D (8 to 15 years) were compared with the profiles of 54 male children and adolescents(7 to 16 years) with other mental disorders. In addition, subgroup differences within the AD(H)D group were investigated. Subjects with AD(H)D showed a significant lower processing speed than the control group. Within the AD(H)D group, patients with ADD showed the lowest speed index. There were no group differences in total IQ and other WISC-IV indexes. A WISC-IV profile analysis is not a suitable instrument to certainly confirm or exclude an AD(H)D diagnosis. Nevertheless, the results of the present study speak for considering the WISC-IV profile in the diagnosis of AD(H)D as it increases the sensitivity of the clinical diagnostic process and provides useful indicators for differential diagnosis.

Survey on Unicast, Multicast and Broadcast Routing Techniques in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks – Present and Future

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks are a special form of wireless networks made for vehicles with bidirectional communicating devices. This attracts the concept of ubiquitous and pervasive computing for the future. VANET has received more researchers and has unlocked a path to develop few applications like traffic management, propagation of emergency messages and few user defined applications. VANETs have characteristics like dynamic network structure, node mobility, low processing speed and low memory which needs special attention. These properties facilitate more graph theory algorithms to be applicable in making shortest and best routes between the source and destination. This paper presents a survey on different routing techniques which are operated based on graph theory algorithms. The outcome of this paper may be considered in future to design an efficient routing protocol for VANET.

A Flow-Through Cell Electroporation Device for Rapidly and Efficiently Transfecting Massive Amounts of Cells in vitro and ex vivo.

Continuous cell electroporation is an appealing non-viral approach for genetically transfecting a large number of cells. Yet the traditional macro-scale devices suffer from the unsatisfactory transfection efficiency and/or cell viability due to their high voltage, while the emerging microfluidic electroporation devices is still limited by their low cell processing speed. Here we present a flow-through cell electroporation device integrating large-sized flow tube and small-spaced distributed needle electrode array. Relatively large flow tube enables high flow rate, simple flow characterization and low shear force, while well-organized needle array electrodes produce an even-distributed electric field with low voltage. Thus the difficulties for seeking the fine balance between high flow rate and low electroporation voltage were steered clear. Efficient in vitro electrotransfection of plasmid DNA was demonstrated in several hard-to-transfect cell lines. Furthermore, we also explored ex vivo electroporated mouse erythrocyte as the carrier of RNA. The strong ability of RNA loading and short exposure time of freshly isolated cells jointly ensured a high yield of valid carrier erythrocytes, which further successfully delivered RNA into targeted tissue. Both in vitro and ex vivo electrotransfection could be accomplished at high cell processing speed (20 million cells per minute) which remarkably outperforms previous devices.

Neurocognitive, Psychosocial, and Quality of Life Outcomes in Adult Survivors of Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in the St. Jude Lifetime (SJLIFE) Cohort

Introduction: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for neurocognitive impairment. The pattern and degree of such impairment in childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) survivors has not been previously assessed.Methods: Adult survivors of childhood NHL participating in the SJLIFE Cohort Study, ≥10 years from diagnosis, and ≥18 years old were recruited for neurocognitive testing, with age-adjusted z-scores compared to community controls and normative data. Cumulative treatment exposures were abstracted from medical records. Multivariable modeling, adjusting for age, gender, and time from diagnosis, was used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: 187 NHL survivors (59% of eligible) completed neurocognitive testing. Survivors were a median [range] age at diagnosis of 10 [2 - 21] years, median time from diagnosis 26 [11 - 48] years, and median age at evaluation 35 [19 - 58] years. Fifty-six (30%) received cranial radiation (CRT), 70 (37%) high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), 40 (21%) high-dose cytarabine (HD-ARAC), and 151 (81%) intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy. Survivors had full scale intelligence (mean = -0.1, SD = 1.0, range: -2.7 - 2.0), memory (mean= -0.2, SD = 1.0, range: -4.2 - 1.6), and attention (mean = 0, SD = 0.7, range: -2.5 - 1.4) within normal limits. Survivors demonstrated worse executive function, processing speed, and academics compared to community controls and normative data (Table 1). In multivariable models, there were no statistically significant associations with worse academics, processing speed, executive function and behavior rating and CRT, HD-MTX, HD-ARAC, or IT chemotherapy. Survivors reported more depression and somatization compared to community controls (p's < 0.001) and normative data (p's < 0.01). CRT (p = 0.003) was associated with improved somatization while longer time from diagnosis (p = 0.01) was associated with worse somatization. Survivors reported worse emotional quality of life compared to community controls (p = 0.005) and normative data (p < 0.001). Following adjustment for neurocognitive impairment, self-reported neurobehavioral problems (shift and emotional control) were associated with worse emotional quality of life (vitality, social functioning, mental health) (p's < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between survivors and controls for educational attainment and full time employment. Survivors with worse academic (RR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2 - 1.7) and executive function (RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0 - 1.2) were more likely to not graduate from college. Those with lower processing speed were more likely to be unemployed or work only part time (RR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1 - 1.4).Conclusions: Adult survivors of childhood NHL experience impaired neurocognitive function, mental health, and quality of life, which at 26 years post-diagnosis is not related to original treatment exposures. Associations between impairment and chronic health conditions should be explored. [Display omitted] DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Cortical folding and the potential for prognostic neuroimaging in schizophrenia.

In 41 patients with schizophrenia, we used neuroanatomical information derived from structural imaging to identify patients with more severe illness, characterised by high symptom burden, low processing speed, high degree of illness persistence and lower social and occupational functional capacity. Cortical folding, but not thickness or volume, showed a high discriminatory ability in correctly identifying patients with more severe illness.

NCO-10INTELLECTUAL OUTCOME IN MOLECULAR SUBGROUPS OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA

BACKGROUND: Medulloblastoma subgroups have distinct demographic, genetic and clinical features, yet their respective intellectual outcomes are unknown. With the advent of subgroup-specific therapy de-escalation strategies, it is critical to characterize intellectual functioning in each subgroup according to treatment intensity. METHODS: One hundred and twenty one patients with medulloblastoma (51 Group 4; 25 Group 3; 28 SHH; 17 WNT), treated between 1991 and 2013 at the Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada), Children's National Medical Center (Washington, DC) or the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital (Palo Alto, CA), had longitudinal intellectual functioning evaluations. First, we compared IQ measures between subgroups, controlling for relevant clinical and demographic variables. Next, we evaluated the effect of: a) radiation intensity (i.e. reduced-dose radiation with a focal tumor bed boost vs. treatments with higher radiation doses and/or larger boost volumes), and b) mutism, on full scale IQ (FSIQ) in each subgroup. Growth curve analysis was used to determine stability or change in IQ scores over time. RESULTS: Subgroups declined comparably in all IQ measures except processing speed (PS). SHH had lower baseline PS, and declined less, than Groups 3 and 4 (all P 0.05). Although FSIQ decline did not differ according to mutism status for any subgroup (all P > 0.05), Group 3 patients with mutism had lower baseline FSIQ (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Therapy de-escalation appears to be a suitable way to achieve optimal intellectual functioning in patients with WNT and Group 4 medulloblastoma.

Experimental study of using CuO nanoparticles as a methane hydrate promoter

According to the increasing trend of natural gas contribution in the human consumption market, the attentions to the gas storage and transport methods are attracted. Gas hydrates were considered as a novel method for transporting natural gas in the recent decades. Hydrate formation is a low speed process and the gas storage of this method is less than other methods. These two factors are mentioned as the main problems for the industrialization of hydrate formation process. To solve these two problems, surfactants and nanoparticles as a new materials have been used especially in the recent decades. Because of the large surface area of nanoparticles, making suitable sites for heterogeneous nucleation and better heat and mass transfer, nanoparticles may supposed to have a strong synergistic effect on the gas hydrate formation process. In this study, spherical copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were used to improve (decrease) the induction time and also increase the storage capacity of gas hydrates. The results showed that using these nanoparticles at the pressure of 55 bar and temperature of 2.5 °C, leads to the decrease in the induction time by 92.7% and the increase in the storage capacity by 34% compared to the pure water.

Graves' hyperthyroidism‐induced psychosis in a patient with periventricular nodular heterotopia

Cases of gray matter heterotopia with schizophrenia,1 bipolar disorder,2 and depression3 have been reported; however, the relation between malformations of cortical development and psychotic symptoms is unknown. Here, we describe a woman with a malformation of cortical development who was diagnosed with Graves' hyperthyroidism-induced psychosis. The patient has provided written consent authorizing publication of this report. The patient was an unemployed 40-year-old woman who lived with her parents. About a year before her admission, she started to embarrass her parents occasionally by exhibiting transient paranoid and hallucinatory behavior. This culminated in an acute exacerbation of disorganized behavior, including self-injury and confining herself in a closet a week before her admission. While under the influence of an imperative hallucination, she jumped out of an upstairs window, and was brought to the emergency unit due to fractures of her thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and right calcaneus and damage of her lumbar spine. After admission, she responded sluggishly with a monotonous expression while sometimes crying out suddenly. She was under the strong influence of auditory hallucinations and exhibited delusions of persecution and disorganized thought and behavior. An examination revealed slight exophthalmos, tachycardia, elevated levels of free thyroxine (4.6 ng/dL [normal range: 0.8–1.8]) and free triiodothyronine (FT4; 7.2 pg/mL [2–4.5]), decreased level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; 0.005 μIU/mL [0.34–4.5]), and the presence of TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII), which fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Graves' disease. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed unilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia with polymicrogyria in the trigone of right lateral ventricle, accompanied by the dysplasia of right hippocampus and amygdala (Fig. S1). An electroencephalogram showed normal occipital alpha waves (range: 9–10 Hz) with no paroxysmal discharge. Testing with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition showed an almost borderline IQ (verbal: 89; performance: 84; and full-scale: 85) with low processing speed (72). After her admission, we started treating her with olanzapine (up to 10 mg) and thiamazole (15 mg) once a day. As her FT4 levels normalized, so did her behavior. After tapering thiamazole to 5 mg and olanzapine to 1.25 mg once a day, we discharged her and continued treating her as an outpatient. During the 2 years after her discharge, very short recurrences of disorganized behavior were reported twice, while the hyperthyroidism remission and normal social functioning were maintained. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of heterotopia with Graves' hyperthyroidism-induced psychosis. This case may help clarify the relation between malformations of cortical development and psychotic symptoms. Figure S1. Brain magnetic resonance imaging of the present case. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

PP11.4 – 2523: Developmental coordination disorder: The tip of the iceberg

Objective To describe clinical features, cognitive profile and pharmacological treatment of a group of children diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Methods We retrospectively searched for a diagnosis of DCD following DSM-IV-TR in 432 children referred to paediatric neurologist due to clumsiness, learning deficit and/or attention difficulties in a period of four years (2010–2013). Clinical criteria proposed by Crespo-Eguilaz and Narbona (2009) were also applied. Results 10% were diagnosed with DCD (n=44). The mean age was 9 years (6–14), 52% of them were male. The reasons for consultation were learning difficulties (52%), attention problems (32%) and clumsiness (16%). They presented the following characteristics: motor control deficit (100%), learning disorder (95%), ADHD (91%, mostly inattentive subtype), low social achievement (86%) and low performance in constructive praxis (70%). It was found a significantly higher verbal IQ than performance IQ score using WISC-R (61%). When using WISC-IV, a lower processing speed index was remarkable compared to normal verbal comprehension index. The improvement of academic achievement after pharmacological treatment was noteworthy in only 48% of the children treated, independently of the drug administered (Methylphenidate, 65%; atomoxetine, 14%). Conclusion Most children with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of DCD also met criteria for ADHD inattentive subtype. However, the response to pharmacological treatment was lower than expected as having ADHD alone. The learning of procedural skills of children with DCD is impaired, increasing the risk for low academic achievement but also for emotional and peer relationship outcomes.

Cognitive Profiles of Preschool Children with Developmental Coordination Disorders and ADHD

Cognitive Profiles of Preschool Children with Developmental Coordination Disorders and ADHD Studies confirm that developmental coordination disorders (DCD) are often accompanied by ADHD. It is important to know why children with combined disorders show a special profile in a common intelligence test (WPPSI-III). For this purpose, the WPPSI-III results of a total of 125 children aged five to six years with diagnosed isolated DCD, isolated ADHD, combined disorders and a normative sample were compared. Children with isolated ADHD showed the best cognitive profile. Children of all three diagnosis subgroups presented significantly poorer abilities in all WPPSI-III scales than the normative sample. In comparison with preschoolers showing isolated ADHD, children with DCD and ADHD have a significant lower Processing Speed Quotient.

Multiscale image quality measures for defect detection in thin films

Manufacturing defects in flat surface products such as thin films, paper, foils, aluminum plates, steel slabs, fabrics, and glass sheets result in degradation of the visual quality of the product image. This leads to less satisfied customers, waste of material, and bad company reputation. This research presents a novel application of image visual quality measures such as the multiscale structural similarity index (MS-SSIM). A novel algorithm has been implemented for fast detection and location of defects in many flat surface products. Comparison of the proposed algorithm with the state-of-the-art approaches indicate promising results. A defect detection accuracy of 99.1 % has been achieved with 98.62 % precision, 97.7 % recall/sensitivity, and 100 % specificity. The discriminant power shows how well the MS-SSIM discriminates very effectively between normal and abnormal surfaces. The MS-SSIM has resulted in much better performance than the single-scale SSI approach but at the cost of relatively lower processing speed. The major advantages of the presented approach are as follows: scale invariance, avoiding the problem of parameter selection in the case of the state-of-the-art Gabor filter banks based approach, the higher detection accuracy, and the quasi real-time processing speed.

Repeated head trauma is associated with smaller thalamic volumes and slower processing speed: the Professional Fighters’ Brain Health Study

ObjectivesCumulative head trauma may alter brain structure and function. We explored the relationship between exposure variables, cognition and MRI brain structural measures in a cohort of professional combatants.Methods224 fighters (131...

Psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychosis and associations with neurocognition, social cognition, psychotic and affective symptoms.

Most studies on the determinants of psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychosis used few predictors. This study examines the effects of multiple cognitive domains and multiple symptoms on psychosocial functioning. A total of 162 patients with a first-episode psychosis were assessed within 3 months after referral to an early psychosis treatment department. Four psychopathological subdomains (positive and negative symptoms, depression and anxiety) and five subdomains of psychosocial functioning (work/study, relationships, self-care, disturbing behaviour and general psychosocial functioning) were measured. Neurocognitive and social cognitive factors were identified through principal component analyses (PCA) of a 15-measure cognitive battery. Stepwise backward regression models were computed to identify the determinants of psychosocial functioning. The three neurocognitive and four social cognitive factors identified through PCA were largely independent of psychopathology. The strongest associations were between cognitive factors and anxiety. Higher levels of negative symptoms, poor general neurocognition and poor general social cognition showed strongest associations with impaired psychosocial functioning, followed by low verbal processing speed and low emotion processing speed. Together, these factors accounted for 39.4% of the variance in psychosocial functioning. The results suggest that negative symptoms, impaired neurocognition and poor social cognition are related to psychosocial problems in patients with first-episode psychosis. None of the affective or positive symptoms had a marked impact on psychosocial functioning.

Implementation of drug and HIV risk counseling in MMT programs in Taiwan

s / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 146 (2015) e118–e201 e173 Sex-differences in cognition and behaviors in children with family history of substance use disorders Kristin Lee1, Lexi Pritchett1, Gro Lohaugen2,3, Shannon Kogachi1, Erin Fukaya1, Antonette Hernandez1, Caroline Jiang1, Daniel Alicata1, Thomas Ernst1, Linda Chang1 1 Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States 2 Pediatrics and Child Rehabilitation, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Arendal, Norway 3 Laboratory Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Aims: Substance use disorder (SUD) is highly heritable, but it is unclear whether SUD-related cognitive and behavioral deficits are inherited and if they are sexually dimorphic. Polymorphisms in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genes have been associated with sex-specific deficits associated with SUD. The aim is to determine the association between two COMT genotype variants, sex, and family history of SUD (FSUD) on behavioral measures and cognition in typically developing children. Methods: FSUD, externalizing behavior and total ADHD scores were reported by parents of 226 children ages 3–20 years (85 SUD: 10.1±0.5 years, 48 boys; 141 CON: 10.0±0.4 years, 74 boys). Cognitive performancewas assessed by full scale IQ (FSIQ) and the NIH Toolbox®. Saliva sampleswere genotyped for two functional COMT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs4680 (Val158Met) and rs165599 (near the 3’UTR region). Results: On 3-way (SNP, sex, FSUD) ANOVAs, rs165599 tended to have negative effects on ADHD scores (p=0.08) and externalizing behaviors (p=0.06), with male AA-carriers with FSUD having higher ADHD scores (p=0.10) and externalizing behaviors (p=0.03). COMT rs165599 variant tended to have a negative effect on FSIQ (p=0.08) and IQ processing speed (p=0.07), withmale AAcarriers with FSUD having the lowest scores. Regardless of FSUD, males with the rs4680 variant tended to have lower FSIQ (p=0.06), but significantly lower processing speed scores (p=0.003). Conclusions: The COMT genetic variants appear to have a greater negative influence on boys. FSUD boys with the rs165599 AA-genotype had greater ADHD symptoms and externalizing behaviors as well as lower FSIQ and slower processing speed. Both behaviors and cognitive functionmay be influenced by these genes involved in dopamine metabolism in a sex-specific manner. Financial Support: NIH (RC2-DA029475, 2K24-DA16170, U54NS56883, G12-MD007601). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.386 Implementation of drug and HIV risk counseling in MMT programs in Taiwan Tony Szu-Hsien Lee1, Marek C. Chawarski2, C. Peng1, C. Hung3, D. Metzger4 1 National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan 2 Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States 3 Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 4 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,

Abstract 3069: Radial flow microfluidic device for high-throughput affinity-based isolation of circulating tumor cells

Abstract Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are believed to play an important role in metastasis, a process accounting for the majority of cancer-related deaths. They offer a non-invasive biopsy technique to study tumors and are shown to be useful prognostic indicators. Because of their rarity in the bloodstream, microfluidic isolation techniques are complex and time-consuming, and provide yields of CTCs insufficient or non-viable for studies other than enumeration. Additionally, due to the low processing speeds, the volumes of blood processed remain limited and can be a hindrance to obtaining higher yields of CTCs and their potential use as biomarkers of early diagnosis. Here we report a novel high throughput microfluidic technology, the OncoBean Chip, employing radial flow that introduces a varying shear profile across the device and enables efficient cell capture by affinity at high flow rates. The cell recovery from whole blood was validated with cancer cell lines H1650 and MCF7, and the OncoBean Chip achieved an efficiency &amp;gt;80% at a throughput of 10 mL/hr, a flow rate yet achieved only in physical size based separation techniques. A cell viability of 92.91% shows that the cells recovered at high throughput could still be used for downstream analysis. Clinical competence was demonstrated in blood specimens from breast, pancreatic and lung cancer patients. The OncoBean Chip thus holds potential applications in the diagnosis of early stage cancers, where the low numbers of CTCs could be enriched using this novel device. Citation Format: Vasudha Murlidhar, Rishindra M. Reddy, Mina Zeinali, Svetlana Grabauskiene, Mostafa Ghannad-Rezaie, Max S. Wicha, Diane M. Simeone, Nithya Ramnath, Sunitha Nagrath. Radial flow microfluidic device for high-throughput affinity-based isolation of circulating tumor cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3069. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3069