Lower Part Of Rectum Research Articles

Management of Haemorrhoids (Arsha) with Yogic Life Style

‘Arsha’ (haemorrhoids) is an ailment that affects all economical groups of population. Though the disease is within the limits of management, it has its own complications like severe haemorrhage, inflammation and thrombosis, by which a patient gets severe pain and is unable to continue his routine work. Haemorrhoids are inflamed and swollen veins around the anus and lower part of rectum. They usually occur as a result of altered dietary pattern, altered life style, genetics, and pregnancy. One of the most common ailments of the rectum, affecting as much as half the population by the age group of 50. Suffering from haemorrhoids is not only painful but embarrassing as well. They may be classified as either internal or external. Many not only want to know how to heal haemorrhoids but how to heal them fast and naturally. The authors review the role of Ayurveda in the management of haemorrhoids (Arshas). It has been proved by scientific studies that botanicals improve microcirculation, capillary flow and to strength of the surrounding connective tissues of anus and lower rectum. Purpose of this article is to create the awareness regarding modification of life style for the prevention of Arshas / piles by regular practise of Yogic Asanas, following strict Pathya Ahara and Viharas according to Ayurveda.

Su1542 Is It Necessary to Close All Defects With Hemoclip After Hot Biopsy During Colonoscopy?

Endoscopic resection during colonoscopy (hot biopsy, polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)) is associated with bleeding, although infrequently, perhaps bleeding in delayed fashion is one of the most troublesome complications. To investigate if prophylactic application of hemoclip after hot biopsy during colonoscopy can reduce post resection bleeding in delayed fashion. Between July 2003 and November 2010, a total of 3862 patients with 6192 polyps removed with hot biopsy in a private clinic was recruited in this study. During July 2003 and April 2009 (period A), no hemoclip was applied after hot biopsy for prophylactic purpose. Between May 2009 and November 2010 (period B), all mucosal defects after hot biopsy were closed with hemoclip for prophylactic intend. The incidence of bleeding in delayed fashion associated with hot biopsy between period A and period B was counted for comparison. Subgroup analysis regarding the location of the removed polyp and time to bleeding was conducted. A total of 3008 patients with 4936 polyps in period A and 854 patients with 1256 polyps in period B was removed with hot biopsy. The overall incidence of delayed bleeding was 0.4% (19/4936) and 0.3% (4/1256) in period A and period B, respectively. In period A, the incidence of delayed bleeding of polyp located in cecum is significantly higher (2.7%, p<0.001) than those in other sites. In period B, the incidence of polyps located in the lower part of rectum (Rb) was significantly higher than polyps in other sites (3.0%, p<0.001). The median time to bleeding is 7 days and 4 days in period A and period B, respectively. Closing all the defects after hot biopsy did not reduce the overall incidence of bleeding in delayed fashion, however, it might reduce the bleeding of polyps located in the right-sided colon and could make the colonoscopies for hemostatic procedures easier.

Squamous metaplasia of the rectum associated with ulcerative colitis diagnosed using narrow-band imaging

A 61-year-old-man with ulcerative colitis attended our hospital for a surveillance colonoscopy. He had been diagnosed with left-sided ulcerative colitis, which had been well controlled by oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for 6 years. No active inflammation was detected in the colon or rectum at colonoscopy, but a small whitish area with a clearly demarcated border, about 5 mm in size, was found in the lower part of rectum ([Fig. 1]). Small reddish spots were seen within the whitish area, which was surrounded by hyperplastic normal rectal mucosa. Chromoendoscopy using 0.4 % indigo carmine dye highlighted the demarcation line of the whitish area ([Fig. 2]). Narrow-band imaging showed dark-brown dots corresponding to the reddish spots seen in the conventional view, and these were considered to resemble the intraepithelial capillary loops observed in normal esophageal squamous epithelium ([Fig. 3]) [1]. A biopsy specimen was taken from the whitish area for histological evaluation, and this was reported as squamous-cell epithelium without dysplasia. A final diagnosis of squamous metaplasia associated with ulcerative colitis was made.

直腸薬物送達を指向した新規潰よう性大腸炎治療薬ＯＮＯ‐４０５７の生体粘膜付着性Ｅｕｄｉｓｐｅｒｔゲル製剤

Eudispert hv hydrogel and xerogel preparations containing ONO-4057(5-[2-carboxyethyl)3-{6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5E-hexenyl}oxyphenoxy]valeric acid), a new leukotriene B4 antagonist, were prepared, and evaluated in rats following rectal administration of these preparations. For rectal administration of gel preparations, the absolute bioavailability of ONO-4057 was almost the same (approximately 30%) as that for oral administration (31%) and also quite low compared with those of Witepsol H-15 or PEG 2000 suppositories (37% and 56%). The residual amounts in the intestine and rectum tubes and the accumulative amounts in the intestine and rectum tissues of ONO-4057 following oral and rectal administrations of various preparations were measured. The results indicate that the residual and accumulative amounts of ONO-4057 for eudispert hv gel preparations increased 2∼5 folds compared with administration of oral and two conventional suppositories. Accordingly, it is assumed that eudispert hv hydrogel and xerogel preparations have excellent staying properties in the lower part of rectum and can directly act to focus parts of ulcerative colitis by raising ONO-4057 concentrations in rectum and its tissue.