Lower Back Area Research Articles

Effect of William Exercise and Blackburn Exercise in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Control Trial

Background: Low back pain (LBP) physiotherapy treatment, mostly focuses on low back area and lower limb. Fewer physiotherapists and studies correlate the upper back and LBP. The present study was conducted to see the effect of lumbar stabilization (William) exercise and scapular stabilization (Black burn) exercise in chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. Methods: Total 28 subjects were allocated randomly by the lottery method in two different treatment groups, Group-A (William exercise + black burn exercise group) and Group-B (William exercise). Pain intensity was measured by numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), and functional disability score by Roland - Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS V.20. Result: Within group analysis showed statistically significant difference in NPRS score(Z =-3.320, p < 0.001), RMDQ score(Z = -3.300, p < 0.001) in group A. Whereas NPRS score (Z = -3.341, p < 0.001), RMDQ score (Z = -3.202, p < 0.001) in group B. Comparison of baseline data showed no statistically significant difference in NPRS score (U=89, p=0.668) and RMDQ score (U=84, p=0.518) in both the groups. At the end of 4 weeks of intervention, data showed statistically significant difference in NPRS score (U=51.5, p=0.024) and RMDQ score (U=52.5, p=0.035) between both the groups. Conclusion: This study concludes that William exercise is good for the CLBP patients but William exercise and Blackburn exercise shows superior results in pain reduction and also reduced back related disability and restored functioning in CLBP patients. Keywords: Low back pain, William exercise, Scapular stabilization, black burn exercise

Studi Komparasi Sikap Kerja dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain Pada Perajin Rebana Desa Bungah Kecamatan Bungah Kabupaten Gresik

Musculoskeletal is a system that often experiences increased loads and injuries in every job, including tambourine craftsmen. Data shows that 95% of tambourine craftsmen experience musculoskeletal complaints, of which 55% occur in the lower back area, 20% in the right shoulder area, 15% in the left shoulder area and 10% experience cramps. Objective: This research is to analyze the comparison of work attitudes with the incidence of lower back pain in tambourine craftsmen in Bungah Village, Bungah District, Gresik Regency). Method: Cross sectional survey research design with observation. The population is all tambourine craftsmen in Bungah Village, Bungah District, Gresik Regency, totaling 150 people. Meanwhile, the sample size was 110 respondents taken using simple random sampling. The independent variables are sitting work attitude and standing work attitude, while the dependent variable is the incidence of low back pain. The instrument uses a closed questionnaire. Analysis uses the Chi-Square test with alpha 0.05. Results: Research shows that almost all of the working attitudes of tambourine craftsmen (83.6%) are ergonomic sitting working attitudes, while the majority (69.1%) are standing working attitudes with low risk. Almost all complaints of low back pain among tambourine crafters (79.1%) were not low back pain. The Chi-Square test results for the sitting work attitude have a p value = 0.000 < 0.05 with OR = 18.400, and for the standing work attitude the p value = 0.000 < 0.05 with OR = 3.091. Conclusion: There is a difference in work attitude regarding the incidence of low back pain in tambourine craftsmen with a sitting work attitude having a greater risk level than standing. Monotonous work positions should be avoided and stretching should be done so that muscles do not become stiff and symptoms of lower back pain can be avoided.

THE BENEFITS OF KNEEFLEXIONS (SQUATS) ON BODY HEALTH

This article seeks to show the importance and benefits of performing squats and their correctness to avoid and reduce the risk of injury during daily activities. At the same time, it helps to improve balance and to obtain a correct posture. When designing the article, a systematic review of the literature of the specialty and clinical studies from personal experience was carried out. The search included specialized articles and media, such as medicinenet, healthline, medicalnewstoday, etc.. Following specialist research and my own experience, I have found that the constant performance of squats brings the following benefits: develops the body's functional strength, improves the muscles of the lower limbs, prevents injuries to the knee and hip joints, improves athletic performance, increases mobility and the flexibility of the lower limbs and the lower back muscles, leads to an increase in bone density, relieves pain by releasing endorphins, stimulates blood circulation and stimulates intestinal transit. The article underlines the importance and benefits of doing squats to maintain the health of the body, they should be done daily, being part of our daily routine like any other exercise, leading to the prevention of diseases of the lower limbs and the lower back area. Keywords: squats, health, kneeflexions, muscles, knees, hips, exercises, stretching, health, toning, tone, calories.

To Compare the Effect of Muscle Energy Technique and Mckenzie Exercises on Pain, range of Motion and Disability among Patients with Sacroiliac Dysfunction

Abstract: Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is a state of malalignment position of pelvic bone. Prolonged asymmetrical weight bearing, produce abnormal load on the lumbar and thoracic spine, which gradually become the source of increasing pain in low back area. Various manual techniques and therapeutic modalities are effective in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. However, more sophisticated studies are still required, which justify the result and treatment.

Effect of Therapeutic Exercise in Postural Low Back Pain: A Case Report

Postural low back pain (LBP) is a non-specific LBP defined as pain or discomfort in low back areas caused by incorrect posture for ages. Most patients only experience mild and moderate pain from low back pain, however, it can cause chronic pain and disability for several groups. This case report aims to investigate the effect of therapeutic exercise on posture and pain in postural LBP. A 37-year-old male presented with LBP for 4 months with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 7. Physical examination showed impaired posture, wide base gait, limitation ROM of trunk, reduced breathing count test, muscle spasm at upper and lower back areas, positive in Thomas test, Ely test, and hamstring tightness test. The back pain functional scale (BPFS) was 7. The therapeutic exercise program consisted stretching exercises (neck, upper and lower back, hamstring, rectus femoris, iliopsoas muscle), core strengthening, William’s flexion, McKenzie’s, breathing and chest expansion exercise, alongside proprioceptive exercise. One cycle (eight times) of physical modalities, TENS at paralumbal and USD at paracervical, upper and middle trapezius, rhomboid, sternocleidomastoideus, paralumbal, and insertion of hamstring were given. We evaluated the patient’s condition for about 4 months, and the patient showed a good compliance with improvement in pain score, ROM of the trunk, reduced muscle spasm and tightness, improved posture, gait, breathing, and BPFS. The patient can return to do his job again. This case report is able to demonstrate that therapeutic exercise improves clinical and functional conditions. These findings suggest the clinical implications of therapeutic exercise in patients with postural LBP are beneficial.

EDUKASI LATIHAN UNTUK NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA LANSIA DI RW 17 POSLANSIA MOJOSONGO SOLO

Reduced functional ability followed by decreased physical activity has a relationship with age and gender. men and women are at the same risk, ranging from reduced muscle strength to endurance. One disorder that is a common health problem in the world and affects almost the entire elderly population is low back pain. Low back pain is pain felt in the lower back area, not a disease or diagnosis for a disease but is a term for pain felt in the affected body area with various variations in the duration of pain. The purpose of this counseling activity is to provide knowledge about low back pain and exercise education to reduce pain intensity. The activity method used is counseling using leaflets with low back pain material and exercise education. The main targets were members and cadres of the elderly posyandu in RW 17 Mojosongo Solo. The result of this counseling is an increase in public understanding and knowledge about low back pain and exercises to reduce this pain. This proves that the counseling method using leaflets is quite effective. It can be seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test participants who showed an average increase of 45%.

The effectiveness of cupping therapy on low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the effectiveness of cupping therapy on low back pain (LBP). MethodsMedline, Embase, Scopus and WANFANG databases were searched for relevant cupping RCTs on low back pain articles up to 2023. A complementary search was manually made on 27 September for update screening. Full-text English and Chinese articles on all ethnic adults with LBP of cupping management were included in this study. Studies looking at acute low back pain only were excluded. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted data, with any disagreement resolved through consensus by a third reviewer. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated independently by two reviewers using an adapted tool. Change-from-baseline outcomes were treated as continuous variables and calculated according to the Cochrane Handbook. Data were extracted and pooled into the meta-analysis by Review Manager software (version 5.4, Nordic Cochrane Centre). ResultsEleven trials involving 921 participants were included. Five studies were assessed as being at low risk of bias, and six studies were of acceptable quality. High-quality evidence demonstrated cupping significantly improves pain at 2–8 weeks endpoint intervention (d=1.09, 95% CI: [0.35–1.83], p = 0.004). There was no continuous pain improvement observed at one month (d=0.11, 95% CI: [−1.02–1.23], p = 0.85) and 3–6 months (d=0.39, 95% CI: [−0.09–0.87], p = 0.11). Dry cupping did not improve pain (d=1.06, 95% CI: [−0.34, 2.45], p = 0.14) compared with wet cupping (d=1.5, 95% CI: [0.39–2.6], p = 0.008) at the endpoint intervention. There was no evidence indicating the association between pain reduction and different types of cupping (p = 0.2). Moderate- to low-quality evidence showed that cupping did not reduce chronic low back pain (d=0.74, 95% CI: [−0.67–2.15], p = 0.30) and non-specific chronic low back pain (d=0.27, 95% CI: [−1.69–2.24], p = 0.78) at the endpoint intervention. Cupping on acupoints showed a significant improvement in pain (d=1.29, 95% CI: [0.63–1.94], p < 0.01) compared with the lower back area (d=0.35, 95% CI: [−0.29–0.99], p = 0.29). A potential association between pain reduction and different cupping locations (p = 0.05) was found. Meta-analysis showed a significant effect on pain improvement compared to medication therapy (n = 8; d=1.8 [95% CI: 1.22 – 2.39], p < 0.001) and usual care (n = 5; d=1.07 [95% CI: 0.21- 1.93], p = 0.01). Two studies demonstrated that cupping significantly mediated sensory and emotional pain immediately, after 24 h, and 2 weeks post-intervention (d= 5.49, 95% CI [4.13–6.84], p < 0.001). Moderate evidence suggested that cupping improved disability at the 1–6 months follow-up (d=0.67, 95% CI: [0.06–1.28], p = 0.03). There was no immediate effect observed at the 2–8 weeks endpoint (d=0.40, 95% CI: [−0.51–1.30], p = 0.39). A high degree of heterogeneity was noted in the subgroup analysis (I2 >50%). ConclusionHigh- to moderate-quality evidence indicates that cupping significantly improves pain and disability. The effectiveness of cupping for LBP varies based on treatment durations, cupping types, treatment locations, and LBP classifications. Cupping demonstrated a superior and sustained effect on pain reduction compared with medication and usual care. The notable heterogeneity among studies raises concerns about the certainty of these findings. Further research should be designed with a standardized cupping manipulation that specifies treatment sessions, frequency, cupping types, and treatment locations. The actual therapeutic effects of cupping could be confirmed by using objective pain assessments. Studies with at least six- to twelve-month follow-ups are needed to investigate the long-term efficacy of cupping in managing LBP. Trial registrationThis systematic review was initially registered on PROSPERO with registration code: CRD42021271245 on 08 September 2021.

Investigation of the Prevalence of Back Pain and Related Risk Factors in Different Trimesters of Pregnancy in Pregnant Women Referring to Selected Health Centers in Shahrekord, Iran, During 2022-2023

Background and aims: Back pain is one of the most common and often neglected problems in pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of back pain and its associated risk factors during the trimesters of pregnancy in pregnant women referring to selected healthcare centers in Shahrekord from 2022 to 2023. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 521 eligible pregnant women referring to selected holistic healthcare centers in Shahrekord, Iran, during 2022-2023. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics checklist completed as a self-report, and the presence of back pain was evaluated based on the perception and feeling that the mother herself had of any pain in the lower back area. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 26), and P&lt;0.05 was considered the significance level. Results: The prevalence of back pain in pregnant women was 62.7% in general, with a significant difference among trimesters of pregnancy (P&lt;0.001). Among the investigated risk factors, there was a significant association between employment (P=0.01), type of delivery (P=0.002), type of anesthesia (P&lt;0.001), history of back pain before pregnancy (P&lt;0.001), and standing break of more than three hours (P&lt;0.001) and the prevalence of back pain. In addition, increasing gestational age (P&lt;0.001, odds ratio=1.308, 95% confidence interval=1.255–1.363) was a significant predictor of back pain in pregnancy. Conclusion: The results revealed that more than half of women experience back pain during pregnancy, and the most powerful factor in the prevalence of this disorder is increasing gestational age. Considering the high prevalence and effects of pain on the quality of life of pregnant women, it is important for service providers to identify and develop policies and design effective interventions to prevent or solve this problem.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCIDENCE OF LOW BACK PAIN BASED ON THE NUMERIC PAIN RATING SCALE IN DAILY WORKERS AT THE BBPPT KOMINFO DEPOK PROJECT

Low back pain (LBP) is pain that is felt in the lower back area and originates in the spine, muscles, nerves, or other structures around the area. The prevalence rate of LBP in Indonesia in 2016 was 59.25%. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of low back pain in daily workers at the BBPPT Kominfo Depok project.Quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The population is daily field workers with a total of 70 people and the sampling technique is total sampling. Data collection was carried out in January 2023. Data analysis used the chi-square test α = 0.05. From the study results, the p-value of each variable was obtained, namely: Age (p-value 0.071 meaning that there is no significant relationship between age and the incidence of LBP), Body Mass Index (BMI) (p-value 1.000 meaning there is no significant relationship between BMI with the incidence of LBP), Smoking Habit (p-value 0.044 means that there is a significant relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of LBP), Working Mass (p-value 0.042 means that there is a significant relationship between working mass and the incidence of LBP), Working Time (p-value 0.017 means that there is a significant relationship between working time and the incidence of LBP) and Lifting Weight (p-value 0.013 means that there is a significant relationship between the lifting weight and the incidence of LBP). Smoking habits, years of service, length of work, and weight of lifting have a relationship with the incidence of LBP. Reducing the length of work for daily workers so that daily workers get sufficient rest time, and providing an adequate number of assistive devices so that workers do not lift objects or materials manually.

COMPARISON OF THE TRADITIONAL TRAINING METHOD TO TEACH HANDSTAND AND TRAINING THROUGH A RESEARCHER-MADE DEVICE AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE HANDSTAND DURATION, PAIN AND QUALITY OF PERFORMANCE IN 8-10-YEAR-OLD BEGINNER GYMNAST GIRLS

This research was conducted with the aim of comparing traditional handstand training and handstand training using a researcher-made device among beginner gymnast girls aged 8 to 10 years. To achieve this, 30 qualified female gymnasts were purposefully and conveniently selected and randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving educational assistance with the researcher-made device (n=15) and the other using the traditional method (n=15). Over a span of eight weeks, handstand movements were taught, with one group following traditional methods and the other utilizing the researcher-made device. Upon completion of the training period, various measurements were taken, including the duration of balance maintenance, balance quality as judged by experts, the range of motion in the wrist, elbow, shoulder, and ankle joints, and the assessment of pain in the wrist, elbow, shoulder, and lower back areas. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, MANOVA, and the Mann-Whitney test, with a significance level set at P≥ 0.05, and the analysis was conducted using SPSS 22 software. The results demonstrated that the use of the researcher-made balance training device led to a significant improvement in balance quality from the perspective of judges, as well as a notable reduction in pain in the shoulder, back, and wrist areas compared to the traditional training method. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the traditional method and the use of the device when considering factors such as balance performance quality as measured by deviation from the vertical line in various body joints, the duration of balance maintenance, the range of motion in the wrist, elbow, shoulder, ankle, and pain in the elbow and knee.

Telework-related risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders.

Telework has become considerably more common during the ongoing pandemic. Although working remotely may have numerous advantages, negative impacts on workers' health and safety should also be considered. Telework is a major contributor to the development or aggravation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders where unsuited workstation ergonomics, sedentary behavior, as well as psychosocial and organizational factors play a role. This paper aims to identify telework-related risks and their impact on musculoskeletal health as well as provide recommendations that may be useful in constructing future preventive measures. A comprehensive literature search regarding the topic has been performed. Teleworkers experience musculoskeletal pain and discomfort mostly in low back area, neck, shoulders, arms, and hands. Poor ergonomic solutions when it comes to workstation design resulting in prolonged sitting in non-neutral positions contribute to the development and aggravation of musculoskeletal disorders in teleworkers. Working with inadequately placed screens and laptops and sitting in maladjusted seats without usual functionalities and ergonomic support is associated with musculoskeletal pain and discomfort. Extended working hours with fewer rest periods to meet increased work demands, social isolation, and lack of support from work colleagues and superiors as well as blurred work-home boundaries and omnipresence of work are commonly stated psychosocial and organizational factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Environmental factors such as poor lighting and glare, inadequate room temperature, and ventilation or noise, are frequently overlooked remote workstation risk factors. For a certain part of workers, telework will remain a common way of work in the post-pandemic period. Therefore, it is essential to identify telework-related risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders and address them with timely preventive measures tailored to each remote workstation's risks and individual workers' needs.

IDENTIFICATION OF TOPOLOGICALLY CHARACTERISTIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN OCCURRENCE AMONG YOUNG FEMALE ATHLETES

The purpose of this study was to identify pain occurrence among young female athletes in aesthetic sports by defining the proportions of pain status of fourteen body regions. Three groups of young female athletes (artistic gymnasts, rhythmic gymnasts and contemporary dancers) were analysed and compared. The sample consisted of overall 99 competitive athletes. Using the “Self-estimated functional inability because of pain” (SEFIP) questionnaire, athletes were asked to assess their current pain status in 14 body regions on a 5-point scale, with 0 being no pain and 4 being pain so severe that they are unable to practice. According to the Wilk’s test there was a significant multivariate effect (F= 4.60; p&lt;0.001) between artistic gymnasts, rhythmic gymnasts and compulsory dancers in training experience and body status. The most common locations for incidence of pain on the total sample of subjects were in the lower back (44%), knees (35%) and ankles/feet (31%). Artistic gymnasts mostly report pain in the ankles/feet (51.43%), and lower (37.14%) and upper back (34.29%). Rhythmic gymnasts of the same age mostly report pain in lower back area (46.42%), knees (42.86%) shins, ankles and feet (28.57%)¸ while dancers experience pain mostly in lower back (50%), upper back (44%) and knees (38.89%). According to the results of the Chi-square test, artistic gymnasts reported significantly higher pain incidence in ankles/feet region (p&lt;0.01). Early detection of even low intensity pain, accompanied with the adjustment of training load and usage of appropriate safety requirements, can prevent the occurrence of injuries among young athletes.

The effectiveness of core stability exercises on pain in patients with low back pain: a meta-analysis

Introduction: Lower back pain (LBP) results from stress in the muscles in the lower back. The pain patients with typical back pain feel is between the lower corner of the costa and the lumbosacral caused by muscle tension in the lower back area. Based on the Results of Basic Health Research (2018), people with low back pain cannot be ascertained in Indonesia, but it is estimated to be between 7.6% to 37%. One intervention that can be given to reduce pain in patients with LBP is core stability exercise. Meta-analysis studies using PICO. P: patients with non-specific LBP. I: core stability exercise. C: non-core stability exercise. O: decrease in pain.&#x0D; Methods: The method of this study was a systematic review where data collection of the results of this research is carried out through searches on the PubMed and Scopus websites. Keywords used include: "low back pain" AND "non-specific low back pain" AND "core stabilization exercise" OR "core stability" OR "core exercise" AND "Randomized Controlled Trial." The selected articles are full-text articles with a randomized controlled trial method. The application is used to analyze reports in Review Manager 5.4.&#x0D; Results: as many as nine articles analyzed came from Korea, China, Turkey, India, Iran, the USA, and London. Studies show that patients with non-specific low back pain who received core stability exercise experienced a lower pain reduction of 0.02 than those who did not get core stability exercise, thus improving quality of life, and this effect was claimed to be statistically significant (hazard ratio (HR)= -0.02; 95% CI=-0.87 to 0.47; p&lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: core stability exercise can reduce pain and have an impact on improving quality of life

Lumbopelvic Muscle Mobility and Resistance and their Association with Musculoskeletal Pain in Ballet Dancers.

Objective The present study analyzes ankle mobility and lumbopelvic muscle mobility and resistance. In addition, it identifies factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in young ballet dancers. Methods This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study evaluating 14 ballet dancers aged 12 to 16 years old. We used the following instruments: a) Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire (NSQ) for musculoskeletal pain assessment; b) leg lateral reach test, lumbar lock, and rotation test (for trunk mobility analysis) and lunge test (for ankle mobility evaluation); c) front bridge, lumbar extensor, and lumbar flexor muscles tests to assess lumbopelvic complex resistance. Results The main complaints reported by ballet dancers were pain in the low back area and in the lower extremities, especially in the knee (57.1%). Those with low back pain had significantly lower lumbar mobility ( p = 0.05) and lower ankle mobility on both sides ( p ≤ 0.05). Dancers with knee pain presented significantly lower muscular trunk extensor muscle resistance ( p = 0.05). Conclusions Our study revealed significant associations between the lumbopelvic complex function and musculoskeletal symptoms, supporting the implementation of preventive strategies.

Effect of Cryotherapy Combined with William Flexion Exercise in Reducing Myogenic Low Back Pain

Background: Health problems related to daily activities can be experienced by individuals or groups. The most common complaint in the musculoskeletal system is low back pain. Low Back Pain according to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2018 means pain that is felt in the lower back area, between the lowest costal angle to the sacrum. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding cold pack therapy to the William flexion exercise on reducing pain in myogenic LBP patients. Subjects and Method: This was an experiment study conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, in September 2022. A sample of 22 patients with myogenic low back pain was allocated into two groups. The dependent variable was pain. The independent variable was cryotherapy combined with William flexion exercise. Pain was measured using quadripel visual analogue scale. Mean between groups after intervention was analyzed using independent t test. Results: Mean of pain in the intervention group (Mean= 6.27; SD= 1.00) was lower than control group (Mean= 7.09; SD= 0.94), and it was statistically significant (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Cryotherapy combined with William flexion exercise is better to reduce pain in patients with myogenic low back pain. Keywords: low back pain myogenic, cryotherapy, William flexion exercise. Correspondence: Yoga Handita Windiastoni. Study Program of Physiotherapy, Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health Surakarta, Karanganyar, Central Java. Email: handitayoga@gmail.com. Mobile: 081329036114.

EMG Amplitude-Force Relationship of Lumbar Back Muscles during Isometric Submaximal Tasks in Healthy Inactive, Endurance and Strength-Trained Subjects.

Previous data suggest a correlation between the cross-sectional area of Type II muscle fibers and the degree of non-linearity of the EMG amplitude-force relationship (AFR). In this study we investigated whether the AFR of back muscles could be altered systematically by using different training modalities. We investigated 38 healthy male subjects (aged 19-31 years) who regularly performed either strength or endurance training (ST and ET, n = 13 each) or were physically inactive (controls (C), n = 12). Graded submaximal forces on the back were applied by defined forward tilts in a full-body training device. Surface EMG was measured utilizing a monopolar 4 × 4 quadratic electrode scheme in the lower back area. The polynomial AFR slopes were determined. Between-group tests revealed significant differences for ET vs. ST and C vs. ST comparisons at the medial and caudal electrode positions, but not for ET vs. C. Further, systematic main effects of the "electrode position" could be proven for ET and C groups with decreasing x2 coefficients from cranial to caudal and lateral to medial. For ST, there was no systematic main effect of the "electrode position". The results point towards training-related changes to the fiber-type composition of muscles in the strength-trained participants, particularly for their paravertebral region.

THE EFFECT OF WILLIAM FLEXION EXERCISE (WFE) ON LOW BACK PAIN AMONG NURSING IN DR. M. YUNUS HOSPITAL, BENGKULU CITY

Lower Back Pain (LBP) is pain that is felt in the lower back area. Based on the 2020 International Association for the Study of Pain, it shows that the results of the prevalence of LBP are estimated at ± 7.5% of the global population or around 577 million people who experience LBP. In Indonesia, data on the number of LBP sufferers themselves is not known with certainty, but it is estimated that the numbers vary from 7.6% to 37% of the total population in Indonesia. The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in Indonesia is 7.9% and there are three provinces with the highest prevalence, namely Aceh (13.3%), Bengkulu (10.5%) and Bali (8.5%). The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of William Flexion Exercise (WFE) on lower back pain for nurses at RSUD Dr.M. Yunus Bengkulu City. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a pre-post test design with control group, the sample is inpatient nurses in Seruni and Melati rooms at RSUD Dr. M. Yunus City of Bengkulu, totaling 28 people using Purposive Sampling technique. The results showed that the average value of low back pain before being given intervention in the intervention group was 6.00 while the average value of low back pain before being given intervention in the control group was 5.00. There is a difference in the average value of low back pain in the intervention group 1.00 and the control group 2.00. It can be concluded that William's flexion exercise is more influential than McKenzie's extension exercise.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dentists from Constanta, Romania after COVID-19 Pandemic

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a category of work-related diseases affecting the dentists. The aim of this work is to investigate among dentists from Constanta the prevalence and characteristics of MSD, their posture during working and the adoption of ergonomic standards. Methods: A sample of 280 dentists working in private practice in Constanta were invited to participate to this study. The response rate was 65% (n=182). The participants filled a 35-items questionnaire including personal data, working position, MSD characteristics and treatment. The level of significance was set at p&lt;0.05. Results: 67% of the dentists reported the presence of MSD and 71% consider that symptoms are related to the dental activity. MSD were located mostly in cervical area and neck (41%), followed by lower back (24%). No statistical correlation was found between presence of MSD and body weight (p=0,7). A sitting position was always used by 27% of subjects, 46% are using both sitting and standing working postures. No statistical significant correlation was found among the presence of MSD pathology and the activity of the dentists during Covid-19 pandemic (p=0,8). Conclusion: A high percentage of dentists reported MSDs. The main location is the spine, the cervical and lower back area. It is concluded postural problems leading to neck and back reported from the dentists in Constanta are comparable to those from other countries. Adoption of correct posture, sport and stretching exercises could prevent or minimize the effect of static dental activity.

The Effectiveness of a New Climbing Device on Working Postures, Musculoskeletal Symptoms, and Fatigue in Date Palm Farmers

ABSTRACT Background Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the main health problems found in date palm farmers. This study aimed to assess a new climbing device on working postures, musculoskeletal symptoms, and fatigue in date palm farmers. Methods Data were collected using questionnaires (Standardised Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and System Usability Scale) and direct observations of the postures (using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment method [REBA]) from 70 date palm farmers during operating the traditional and new climbing devices. Results The new climbing device showed significant improvement in working postures (in the knee, legs/ankles, and shoulders). In all tasks, the REBA grand score significantly decreased after using the new climbing device (P ≤ 0.05). Significant differences were found in the severity of complaints ratings, particularly in the knee, legs/ankles, and low back areas, during performance tasks using the traditional and new climbing devices. Also, significant differences were found between the scores of physical and mental fatigue during use of the traditional and new climbing devices(P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The findings indicate the effectiveness of the new climbing device as a low-cost, simple, and easy-to-use device that improves working postures and reduces musculoskeletal discomfort in date palm farmers.

Pengaruh Lower Limb Tension Test Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Terhadap Nyeri Punggung Bawah di RSUD KRMT Wongsonegoro

Background: Lower back pain (NPB) Ischialgia is a pinched ischialgia nerve in the lower back area which causes the buttocks, thighs, lower legs and even feet to become tingling, painful, and sometimes causing weakness. Nerve mobilization is a manipulation technique by moving and stretching nerve tissue to increase axonal transportation so that it can improve nerve conduction. Nerve mobilization can reduce the pressure in the nerves so that there is an increase in blood flow to the nerves, which can have a regenerative and healing effect on injured nerves (Butler, 1991). Nerve mobilization is often used as a form of diagnosis and treatment for musculoskeletal conditions with nerve involvement (Butler, 1991). Nerve mobilization in the Lower Limb Tension Test (LLTT) is carried out at the branches of the Brachial plexus such as the radial nerve, median nerve and ulnar nerve. But here the author only discusses LLTT in the ishiadic nerve, namely LLTT 1 which is related to lower back pain.&#x0D; The aim is to determine physiotherapy management and the effect of Ultrasoundtherapy therapy and nerve mobilization using the LLTT 1 method in cases of lower back pain on reducing pain and increasing the functional ability of the hand. Two group pre test and post test method. RESEARCH PLACE: Physiotherapy clinic, RSU Sidoarjo. TIME: Measuring instrument: Visual Analouge Scale (VAS). Results: treatment using the Mann-Whtney test. With confidence interval (CI) (95%) The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference in pain in group 1 (p = 0.00) and group 2 (p = 0.00). But there was no significant difference between the two groups in pain improvement (p = 0.152), so there was no better treatment between the two groups. Conclusion: It is concluded that ULTT is useful in treating CTS patients to reduce pain in two groups. The targeted outcomes are publications in national journals indexed by Sinta and HAKI. The TKT target for implementing this gamelan accompaniment exercise is level 2.