Low Voices Research Articles

Did Alexander Utendal really compose the motet Angelus Domini a23 in A-Wn, HAN Cod. 9814?

Abstract The collection HAN Cod. 9814 in the Austrian National Library contains the motet Angelus Domini a23 attributed to the composer Alexander Utendal (after 1530–1581), copied by the scribe Georg Khues (fl.1579–1621) apparently as a gift for Emperor Matthias (1557–1619) on his 60th birthday on 24 February 1617. Although the very unusual scoring of the composition, with 23 voices in four choirs, immediately raises doubts, the attribution of the work to Utendal has not been questioned in the literature so far. After a thorough compositional and textual analysis, the present study will suggest that Angelus Domini was not written by Utendal, but by a representative of the Venetian polychoral school around 1600. Furthermore, the compositional device of two low voices in unison in tutti sections, used in Angelus Dominus a23, is taken as a reference point to place the motet in the vicinity of similar works known to have been written by composers active at the court of Ferdinand II (1578–1637) in Graz.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi dan Kepercayaan Diri Peserta Didik dengan Metode Groupwork

Literacy education in Indonesia currently needs to be improved. Seeing that since the pandemic occurred, Indonesia's literacy rate has decreased. Because the teaching and learning process is passed online, the government makes innovations, one of which is the teaching campus. In the process of this activity, the author is required to be an agent of change. To improve proving students' literacy and confidence as clients, the authors create programs that support increased literacy and confidence. This program is carried out at UPT SDN 060813, Jl.Halat No.48, Medan Kota. With a total of 14 students in grade, V. this program lasts for approximately 3 months. The method implemented in this program is group work with several stages, namely: (1) Engagement, (2) Intake and Contract, (3) Assessment, (4) Planning, (5) Intervention, (6) Evaluation, and (7) Termination. The results of this program show an increase in students' literacy and confidence as clients. At the initial meeting, there were still students who lacked literacy, and in terms of confidence, they read in low voices and intonation that was not clear. But as the program progressed, the authors noticed changes taking place in students' literacy and confidence.

PROBLEMS OF INTERPRETATION OF F. SCHUBERT’S VOCAL COMPOSITIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF VOCAL PERFORMANCE AESTHETICS OF MODERN CHINA

F. Schubert’s romantic songs are very popular with listeners, but not every singer is able to convey all the richness and complexity of the author’s intention. Out of the composer’s vast creative heritage, only a small part of the songs is performed, including vocal cycles based on W. Müller’s texts. The diffi culty is caused by a number of features of the composer’s work. The author of the article focuses on the main problems of performing interpretation of songs by Chinese singers. These are the problems of phonetic correspondence of texts and music, performance in the original language and in translation into the language of the audience, peculiarities of the Chinese national and academic manner of performance, differences in the interpretation of performers with high and low voices.

Nipple Day

Nipple Day

Application of Positive Aspect Ability to Increase Self-Actualization for Low Self-Esteem Patient

Objective: To present care with the intervention of applying positive aspects of ability to increase self-actualization for patients with low self-esteem. Method: This case study design with a nursing care approach which includes assessment, determining diagnoses, nursing plans, nursing actions and nursing evaluations. In this case study the method used is descriptive analytic. The subject of this case study is 1 client with low self-esteem in the Tanjung BLUD Room, Banjar City General Hospital. With data collection techniques include interviews, observation and documentation studies. Results: The results of nursing care, it was found that subjective data was rejected by a woman, often locked herself at home because she felt ashamed and was often ridiculed by her friends, patients did not participate in activities in the community. And the objective data are low and weak voices, speech is not audible, the patient looks restless, confused and looks sad, the patient sometimes seems to be talking to himself, his eyesight is lacking, eye contact is lacking, the patient looks a little lowered and his concentration is easily distracted. There are nursing problems found, namely low self-esteem. So that the intervention given is the application of positive aspects of ability. Conclusion: The intervention of applying positive aspects of ability is proven to be effective in increasing self-actualization of patients with low self-esteem. As long as the recommended action is the patient is cooperative.

Computer simulation of vocal tract resonance tuning strategies with respect to fundamental frequency and voice source spectral slope in singing.

A well-known concept of singing voice pedagogy is "formant tuning," where the lowest two vocal tract resonances ( fR1, fR2) are systematically tuned to harmonics of the laryngeal voice source to maximize the level of radiated sound. A comprehensive evaluation of this resonance tuning concept is still needed. Here, the effect of fR1, fR2 variation was systematically evaluated in silico across the entire fundamental frequency range of classical singing for three voice source characteristics with spectral slopes of -6, -12, and -18 dB/octave. Respective vocal tract transfer functions were generated with a previously introduced low-dimensional computational model, and resultant radiated sound levels were expressed in dB(A). Two distinct strategies for optimized sound output emerged for low vs high voices. At low pitches, spectral slope was the predominant factor for sound level increase, and resonance tuning only had a marginal effect. In contrast, resonance tuning strategies became more prevalent and voice source strength played an increasingly marginal role as fundamental frequency increased to the upper limits of the soprano range. This suggests that different voice classes (e.g., low male vs high female) likely have fundamentally different strategies for optimizing sound output, which has fundamental implications for pedagogical practice.

The Low Voices: Quality, Ethics, and Reach of Qualitative Data.

* Clarification. This article is based on the key-notespeech given by the author during the 9th Iberian-American Congress on Qualitative Research -Montevideo, Uruguay, 13-15 October 2021.

From Murambi: The Book of Bones

from Murambi:The Book of Bones Boubacar Boris Diop (bio) Translated from French by Fiona McLaughlin During ninety days in 1994, members of the Hutu majority in Rwanda murdered 800,000 members of the country's Tutsi minority, in one of the swiftest and most brutal genocides of the twentieth century. In Boubacar Boris Diop's novel Murambi: The Book of Bones, "the time, place, and mood of the genocide are created through a concert of voices," Eileen Julien writes in the book's foreword, and readers hear "the thoughts of fictive victims and killers who lived through those terrifying and horrific days." The following is a chapter from the book. f.s. We called him Tonton Antoine. For as far back as I can remember, I always saw him at the house. He was my father's best friend. Actually his only friend, I think. Already, when I was a little girl, I had the feeling that he wasn't like anyone else we knew. He didn't laugh very much, but he loved doing magic tricks with cards. Projecting the shadows of his fingers against a wall, he could also create tortoises or dragonflies. As soon as I saw him arrive, I would rush out to meet him. He would lift me up on his shoulders and run around our place singing, "Marina has an airplane, Tonton Antoine is little Marina's airplane!" I was, I think, one of the few people who could cheer him up. A few days after the events, he came to the house a first time. He and my father talked for a long time in low voices. We knew that he was in charge of several barricades in Kibuye. Nonetheless, he had a sweet face, if a little bit sad, just as I'd known him from my earliest childhood. When he left, my father seemed to be very preoccupied. "Does he know that we're hiding those little ones here?" asked my mother, worried. "No, but he says I should take up my machete like all the other men." "Ah?" "I refused. I can't do that." My mother said nothing. After a while he cried out again: "Yes, I refused!" Two days passed. Tonton Antoine came back. He and my father locked themselves away again in the living room. For the first time in my life I heard Tonton Antoine shout. [End Page 65] After this second meeting, my father started to change. He talked to himself, wandering from one room to another: "Ah! I can't agree to do it, those people have never done anything to me! It's savagery!" The next instant he would say that he had to protect us. If he didn't do anything, the Interahamwe were going to come and kill everyone in the house. The third day, not being able to stand it anymore, he took up his machete. My mother and I wanted to keep him from going out. Then he screamed, "Don't you watch the television? It's like all wars—you kill people and then it's over!" He went to the barricades. They tell us that he handles his machete like a maniac over there. However, when he's back at the house, he goes straight to the little ones' hiding place, he gives them treats and plays with them. Then he retires to his bedroom. Mother and I don't disturb him. When he leaves very early the next morning, we pretend we're asleep. [End Page 66] Boubacar Boris Diop Boubacar Boris Diop was born in Dakar, Senegal, and is a Francophone author of novels, plays, and essays. He was awarded the Senegalese Republic Grand Prize for Les Tambours de la mémoire and the Prix Tropiques for The Knight and His Shadow. His Doomi Golo was the first novel to be translated from Wolof into English. The Zimbabwe International Book Fair listed it as one of the hundred best African books of the twentieth century. In 2022 he was awarded the Neustadt International Prize for Literature for Murambi: The Book of Bones. Fiona Mc Laughlin Fiona Mc Laughlin is associate professor of African languages...

Uściński, Przemyslaw. Parody, Scriblerian Wit and the Rise of the Novel: Parodic Textuality from Pope to Sterne.

Uściński, Przemyslaw. <i>Parody, Scriblerian Wit and the Rise of the Novel: Parodic Textuality from Pope to Sterne</i>.

Obrecht, Double Counterpoint, and Musical Memory

The Benedictus of Jacob Obrecht’s Missa Malheur me bat begins as shown in Example 1.1 Reading the score, we could imagine that Obrecht composed the opening imitation between the two lower voices more or less in the following fashion: He conceived the motive first heard in the middle voice and, very possibly at the same time, its imitative answer two measures later, then pursued the two voices more or less together until the start of the sixth measure in each, working out their motivic and intervallic relationships as he went. In principle, he would have followed the same procedure as Johann Sebastian Bach, more than two centuries later, still did in composing fugues.2 A bit more knowledge, however, forces us to modify this picture. For the middle voice, rather than freely invented, quotes exactly the same voice—the tenor—of the song on which Obrecht based the mass, Malcort’s...

P0078 / #1967: QUIET TIME: IMPACT OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL INTERVENTION ON NOISE AND DELIRIUM SCREENING AND SCORES IN THE PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Aims & Objectives: Pediatric delirium increases mortality, cost, and length of hospital stay, yet is inconsistently screened for in our academic Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) using the Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD). We evaluate the impact of an environmental intervention, Quiet Time, on PICU noise and CAPD screening and scores. Methods: Quiet Time was implemented daily from 1-3pm indefinitely with text reminders to all PICU clinical staff to dim lights and lower voices. Nurses were surveyed to evaluate perceived noise level and impact on patient health. Chart review was used to assess four day’s duration of CAPD screening frequency and prevalence of patients screening positive for delirium (score ≥9/32), one week before and one month after Quiet Time implementation. Results: Before Quiet Time implementation, nurses (n=21) rated noise somewhat loud (81%), neither loud/quiet (14%), or somewhat quiet (5%). Noise impact was rated extremely disruptive (33%) or somewhat disruptive (67%). Of 35 patients, 57% were CAPD screened, of which 17% screened positive for delirium. After implementation, nurses (n=16) rated noise level somewhat loud (19%), neither loud/quiet (37%), or somewhat quiet (44%). Noise impact was rated somewhat restful (25%), neither disruptive nor restful (31%), somewhat disruptive (38%), or extremely disruptive (6%). Of 32 patients, 69% were CAPD screened, of which 25% screened positive for delirium. Conclusions: After Quiet Time implementation, noise level and disruption decreased while prevalence of patients screening positive for delirium increased, possibly due to increased CAPD screening frequency. Our data suggest that Quiet Time promotes a quieter environment and increases delirium screening.

Classification of Pitch and Gender of Speakers for Forensic Speaker Recognition from Disguised Voices Using Novel Features Learned by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

Voice disguise is a major concern in forensic automatic speaker recognition (FASR). Classifying the type of disguise is very important for speaker recognition. Pitch disguise is a very common type of disguise that criminals try to attempt. Among the different types of disguises, high pitch and low pitch voices show more distortion. The features that are robust for high pitch and low pitch voices are different. Moreover, the effect of disguise on male and female voices are also different. In this work, we classified high pitch and low pitch disguised voices for male and female voices using a novel set of features. We arranged Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), ΔMFCC, and ΔΔMFCC features as three-dimensional features, and these are given as the RGB equivalent spectrogram inputs to pretrained AlexNet deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). We fused the AlexNet output features with corresponding MFCC correlation features. These fused features are the proposed novel features for disguise classification. Classification using neural network (NN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers are performed. Simulation results show that classification with SVM classifier using these novel features gives improved accuracy of 98.89% compared to 95.99% accuracy obtained by using DCNN output features using traditional spectrogram inputs.

براہوئی نا :کم نیامجی بنی : (مڈ لو سینٹر) توارآتا جاچ

This paper has adopted Sindhi script for Brahui Linguistic problems. In the 19th century, two different scripts were found to be used in Brahui language. The fact remains, that Brahui has adopted different writing styles in different time periods, and the Phonemic problems have arisen in every script this language has followed. In this title analysis of the Mid Low Center Voices of Brahui language, in Sindhi adopted script, the author has highlighted those phonemic issues that relate to Brahui Vowels, which do occur in adopted scripts. Hence, the objective of this paper has been, to identify these issues regarding Mid Low Center Voice, “H”. The study has been conducted on the overseas Brahui work. The secondary data has been used to conduct this research. The basic research has satisfactorily helped to achieve the above mentioned objectives with positive results. Consequently, the author recommends further research work in Linguistics, particularly, in the above stated area.

Understanding the Nexus between Climate Change, the Shift in Land Use toward Cashew Production and Rural Food Security in Ghana; the Experiences of Farmers in the Transition Zone of Ghana

This study summarises the findings from a study investigating rural small-holding farmers’ experiences on the shift from food crop to cashew in the forest/savanna transitional agro-ecological zone of Ghana and its impact on rural food security. Using a mix method approach, the study sampled the views of 400 farmers from 9 farming communities in the Wenchi Municipality of Ghana via questionnaire and semi-structured interview and collated statistical data on crop production to trace the nexus between climate change, agrarian land-use decisions and food security. The study found evidence of increasing shift from food crop to cashew production. This was evidenced by increasing cashew cultivation and cashew output and decreasing total land acreage for food crops and increasing food insecurity of farmers. The findings revealed that about 71% of farmers had expanded their cashew farms and another 41.0% have turned their food crops’ lands to cashew production. Besides cashew production, (57.0%) has overtaken the traditional food crop -maize (25.5%) production in terms of output. Instructively, the study found that the main motivation for the shift from food crop to cashew production is not only to maximise income in bulk, but also climate change adaptability issues. The study found that the cashew crop is resilient in adapting to the changing climate and less prone to pests’ invasion compared to maize in the study District. The study found that food security among rural folks had been seriously compromised by the conversion of farmlands from food crop to cashew farming. Although, the study found that female farmers have higher consciousness to food security yet less motivated to shift from food crop to cashew crop production compared to men. Worryingly, females are the hardest hit group because of their low ownership of or access to farmlands and low voices of women in farmland use decision making in a men-dominant rural extended family setting of the study District. The study concludes that climate change adaptability concern has introduced a new set of risks including crop failure due to changing rainfall pattern and increasing incidence of pest invasions forcing the rural folks to compromise innovative indigenous farming focus and practices that have helped them to navigate extreme food poverty. This study, therefore, argues for improved food crop seeds tailored to the specific climatic context and innovative farming practices that beef-up small-holding farmers’ capacity to navigate climate change to continually produce food crop to ensure rural food security and sustainability.

Immediate effects of semi-occluded vocal tract exercises in low and high voices: a self-perception study.

To investigate the self-perception by individuals on the immediate effects of three semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE), that is, phonation into a latex tube, finger kazoo and phonation into a high-resistance straw, and to compare the self-perception results between the high and low voice groups. The study participants consisted of 26 choristers (seven sopranos, seven altos, six tenors, and six basses) subdivided into high and low voices with ages ranging from 18 to 58 years. Voice samples of each subject were recorded before and after performing the exercises randomly for three subsequent weeks. A self-assessment questionnaire was applied. All exercises had a statistically significant improvement, according to the participants' self-perception. Latex tube phonation was the preferred technique for 11 (84.62%) participants in the low voice group; while the high-resistance straw was reported as the less beneficial exercise by 10 (79.92%) participants in the same group. On the other hand, the high-resistance straw (9; 69.2%) was the preferred exercise for the high voice group; while finger kazoo (6; 46.15%) and latex tube (5; 38.4%) were the least beneficial exercises. The study showed that the effects of these exercises are different and should be suited for each type of voice, such as the latex tube, which was the most preferred by low voice participants and also rated as less beneficial by high voice participants, and the high-resistance straw, which was the most preferred by the high voice participants and also rated as less beneficial by low voice participants.

Manuel Rivas, autotraductor traducido: &lt;em&gt;As voces baixas / Las voces bajas / The Low Voices&lt;/em&gt;

En este artículo se lleva a cabo una aproximación a la traducción a otros idiomas de la obra trasladada previamente por el autor desde una primera lengua a una segunda lengua. Para esta operación utilizamos la designación traducción del texto autotraducido. Se trata de un aspecto que no ha sido estudiado hasta ahora en el análisis de la autotraducción. Se aborda la cuestión de la elección del texto de partida cuando se vierte una obra autotraducida a otra lengua, teniendo en cuenta tanto las relaciones asimétricas en los intercambios literarios como la tendencia de bastantes autores a la recreación al traducirse. Como ejemplo se presta atención al libro As voces baixas, de Manuel Rivas, escrito en gallego y autotraducido libremente al español con el título Las voces bajas. A pesar de las diferencias entre las dos versiones, esta obra se tradujo al inglés desde el texto en gallego como The Low Voices.

The Unheard Female Voice

The Unheard Female Voice

Do low intelligibility voices induce false memories?

Spoken language is highly variable with phonetic variation that is attributable to multiple dimensions, including, but not limited to, differences in dialect, mood, native language, sociolinguistic dimensions, and talker-specific idiosyncrasies. Phonetic variation has documented effects on other aspects of linguistic processing. For example, Sumner and Kataoka found that phonetic variation affected semantic processing in semantic priming and false memory tasks, to which they concluding that socially dispreferred (i.e., voices or accents that are socially stigmatized or less desirable) phonetic variation received less attention in encoding, leading to a lack of priming and higher false memory rates [Sumner &amp; Kataoka, 2013, JASA-EL, 134(6)]. In this study we compare the intelligibility and propensity to induce false memories in a between-subjects design. Intelligibility is assessed as response latency in a speeded shadowing task, and false memories are measured using standardized false memory lists where reporting of critical lure items not in the auditorily presented list are counted as false memories. The speaker set consists of five speakers of English, representing two local accents, two nonnative accents, and one native nonlocal accent. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of how phonetic variation affects word recognition and semantic processing.

Voice pitch predicts electability, but does not signal leadership ability

Abstract Voice pitch, the perceived “highness” or “lowness” of a voice, influences how humans perceive and treat each other in various ways. One example is the selection of leaders. A growing number of studies, both experimental and observational, show that individuals with lower-pitched voices are more likely to win elected office. This leads to the yet untested question of whether individuals with lower voices are actually better leaders. That is, is voice pitch a reliable signal of leadership ability? Here we address this question with an observational study of the vocal pitch and leadership ability of elected officials, and an experiment where subjects were asked to respond to persuasive political policy statements made by speakers with different pitched voices. Both studies lead to the same conclusion: voice pitch does not correlate with leadership ability.

Eine bisher unbekannte Gelegenheitskomposition von Philippe de Monte aus dem Jahr 1589 in der Handschriftenabteilung der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin

In the course of cataloguing manuscripts in the series ‘Manuscripta latina in folio’ in the Manuscripts Department of the Staatsbibliothek in Berlin in 2015, a hitherto completely unknown work of Philippe de Monte from 1589 was discovered. This seven-part piece was composed for a marriage, as the title Dialogus Nuptialis indicates, and dedicated to the Nuremberg couple Jakob Hack (1553–1633) and Martha Gugel von Brand (1561–1639). The lyrics begin with ‘Salve festa dies, ad sacram ducitur Aram’, and were written by Salomon Frenzel von Friedenthal (1564–1605), who at that time lived at the court of Emperor Rudolf II in Prague. The structure of both the poem and the composition is in dialogue form: a four-part choir of lower voices sings the bridegroom Jacob’s words, and a three-part choir of high voices those of Martha, the bride. This article describes the source, provides information about the context of both contemporary epithalamiapoetry and occasional music, and considers the classification of the piece within the oeuvres of both the poet and the composer. It also provides a translation of the text and a first edition of the music. The manuscript also preserves the complete text of a second poem by Frenzel (for the same couple), Votum pro conjugio. The poem was set as double-choir work, but unfortunately only the Chorus secundus music been preserved. As the Chorus primus and title page are missing, it is unclear whether this is a fragment of a further unknown composition by Philippe de Monte, or a work of a different composer.