Low Valsalva Leak Point Pressure Research Articles

Effect of lower urinary tract conditions on surgical outcomes of different suburethral sling procedures for female stress urinary incontinence.

The suburethral sling procedure has been widely used as the first-line treatment for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). This study retrospectively compared the long-term surgical outcomes and complications between retropubic and transobturator suburethral sling procedures. From 2010 to 2022, a total of 533 women with SUI underwent retropubic pubovaginal sling (PVS) or transobturator tape (TOT) procedures using a synthetic polypropylene mesh with or without concomitant anterior colporrhaphy. All patients underwent preoperative videourodynamic studies, Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP), and voiding efficiency (VE). The success rate, postoperative complications, overactive bladder symptoms, transvaginal urethrolysis, and repeat procedures were compared among different surgical procedures. Among the patients, PVS was performed in 251 (47.1%) patients and with colporrhaphy in 58 (10.9%), TOT in 174 (32.6%) and with colporrhaphy in 50 (9.4%). The success rate was 87.4% in the PVS group and 75.4% in the TOT group, with or without colporrhaphy (p = 0.001). Urethrolysis was performed in 4.7% of the patients, and repeat suburethral sling procedures were performed in 8.3%. The overall success rate was significantly lower in TOT group, either with high or low VLPP, or with high or low VE. The rate of persistent OAB was significantly higher in TOT group regardless of VLPP or VE, whereas patients with VE < 90% at baseline had a significantly higher rate of postoperative dysuria. TOT procedures had an inferior long-term success rate than PVS procedures for female SUI. Additionally, no differences in the success rate were observed between patients with different bladder functions, high or low VLPP, and high or low VE.

Long-term Outcomes With Macroplastique in Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence Secondary to Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency

To evaluate the long-term outcomes of polydimethylsiloxane (Macroplastique (MPQ)) in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) secondary to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) using validated questionnaires. Following IRB approval, charts of non-neurogenic women with SUI secondary to ISD who underwent MPQ injection were reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. ISD was defined as positive stress test with a well-supported urethra and low Valsalva leak point pressure when available. Excluded were women with follow-up <5years. Baseline data included validated questionnaire scores (UDI-6 question 3 (0-3), VAS Quality of Life, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7)) and urodynamic study findings. Patients were followed with same questionnaires and three-dimensional ultrasound evaluating volume/configuration of MPQ. All three-dimensional ultrasound measurements were performed by the same imaging team blinded to clinical outcomes. Outcomes were evaluated in four groups based on prior SUI treatment. Success was defined as UDI-6 question 3 score of 0-1 and not requiring additional anti-incontinence therapy at the last visit after the last MPQ injection. From April 2011-December 2016, 106 patients (median age 67) met study criteria. Median follow-up time was 7.4years. Median MPQ injected was 5mL. Overall success was 43%, with 54% successful after one injection and 46% requiring ≥2 injections. Across all groups, patients had improvement in Quality of Life and IIQ-7 Question 7 (frustration). Among the failure group, 17% opted for a secondary autologous sling procedure. MPQ demonstrated long-term favorable outcomes in a subset of women with SUI secondary to ISD.

Urethral atrophy after implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter: fact or fiction?

To investigate the concept of 'urethral atrophy', which is often cited as a cause of recurrent incontinence after initially successful implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS); and to investigate the specific cause of the malfunction of the AUS in these patients and address their management. Between January 2006 and May 2013, 50 consecutive patients (mean age 54.3 years) with recurrent incontinence had their AUS explored for malfunction and replaced with a new device with components of exactly the same size, unless there was a particular reason to use something different. Average time to replacement of the device was 10.1 years. The mean follow-up after replacement of the device was 24.7 months. All patients without an obvious cause for their recurrent incontinence had preoperative urodynamic evaluation, including measurement of the Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) and the retrograde cuff occlusion pressure (RCOP). After explantation of the AUS in patients without any apparent abnormality of the device at the time of replacement, the pressure generated by the explanted pressure-regulating balloon (PRB) was measured manometrically, when this was possible. In a select group of six consecutive patients of this type, the fibrous capsule surrounding the old cuff was incised then excised to expose and evaluate the underlying corpus spongiosum. In 31 of the 50 patients (62%) undergoing exploration, a specific cause for the malfunction of their AUS was defined. In the other 19 patients (38%) no cause was found, either preoperatively or at the time of exploration, other than a low VLPP and RCOP. A typical 'waisted' or 'hour-glass' appearance of the underlying corpus spongiosum was demonstrable, to some degree, on explanting the cuff in all cases. In the six patients in whom the restrictive sheath surrounding the cuff was excised, the urethral circumference immediately returned to normal after the compressive effect of the sheath was released. Manometry of the explanted PRBs, when this was possible, showed a loss of pressure in all instances. Replacement of the explanted AUS with a new device with the same size cuff and PRB in 14 of these 19 patients was successful in 12 (85.7%). These results, and other theoretical considerations, suggest that recurrent incontinence, years after initially successful implantation of an AUS, is because of material failure of the PRB, probably attributable to its age and consequent loss of its ability to generate the pressure it was designed to produce, and that urethral atrophy does not occur. Simply replacing the old device with a new one with the same characteristics, unless there is a particular reason to do otherwise, is usually successful and avoids the complications of alternatives such as as cuff downsizing, implanting a PRB with a higher pressure range, implantation of a second cuff or transcorporeal cuff placement, all of which have been advocated in these patients.

V3-02 ROBOTIC-ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC PLACEMENT OF BLADDER NECK ARTIFICIAL URINARY SPHINCTER IN A MALE

You have accessJournal of UrologyMale Voiding/Sexual Dysfunction/BPH/ Incontinence/Infection/Infertility1 Apr 2015V3-02 ROBOTIC-ASSISTED LAPAROSCOPIC PLACEMENT OF BLADDER NECK ARTIFICIAL URINARY SPHINCTER IN A MALE Stephen Blakely, Henry Okafor, Gennady Bratslavsky, and Dimitriy Nikolavsky Stephen BlakelyStephen Blakely More articles by this author , Henry OkaforHenry Okafor More articles by this author , Gennady BratslavskyGennady Bratslavsky More articles by this author , and Dimitriy NikolavskyDimitriy Nikolavsky More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1343AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Placement of a bladder neck artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is indicated in select patients with urinary incontinence and the need for frequent urethral manipulation. This procedure is challenging by any approach. We present a step by step video instruction for performing this procedure through a robotic-assisted laparoscopic approach. METHODS A 24 year old male with transverse myelitis presented with urinary retention requiring clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) as well as severe stress urinary incontinence between catheterizations. Video urodynamic evaluation revealed a large capacity, acontractile bladder along with low valsalva leak point pressure and an open bladder neck during filling. An AUS was placed at the bladder neck to reduce the risk of cuff erosion with CIC while maintaining continence between catheterizations. RESULTS The patient remained for one week with a urethral catheter in place through a deactivated AUS. The catheter was then removed and the patient resumed CIC. He was notably incontinent as the device remained deactivated. At 6 weeks the AUS was activated and the patient continued CIC, now continent between catheterizations. CONCLUSIONS Placement of a bladder neck AUS in a male is challenging. A robotic-assisted approach offers a minimally invasive alternative to the open approach. This video abstract provides a visual step-by-step technique for this procedure. © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 193Issue 4SApril 2015Page: e335 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Stephen Blakely More articles by this author Henry Okafor More articles by this author Gennady Bratslavsky More articles by this author Dimitriy Nikolavsky More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Long-term durability, functional outcomes, and factors associated with surgical failure of tension-free vaginal tape procedure.

The cure rate of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) appeared to decrease overtime, with an associated increased in the stress urinary incontinence (SUI) recurrence rate. We evaluated the long-term durability and functional outcomes of TVT and identified the risk factors that may affect recurrence. Eighty-eight patients, who were cured of SUI 6 months after undergoing TVT, were followed-up for at least 12 years. At post-operative, the patients were evaluated with a Severity Index for Urinary Incontinence questions regarding cure, patient's satisfaction, goal achievement, 3-day voiding diary with urinary urgency scale, uroflowmetry, and complications. Cure rates decreased from 96.6 % at 1-year post-surgery to 83.0 % at 5 years and that the cure rates between 5 and 12 year were similar (83.0 vs. 79.6 %). Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) < 60 H(2)O was the only independent factor that predicted recurrence (p = 0.011; hazard radio 5.31). At last follow-up, 39.2 and 70.0 % of patients were free of urgency and urgency incontinence, respectively; and de novo urgency and urgency incontinence developed in 40.5 and 17.2 % of these patients, respectively. Age was the only factor that predicted freedom from overactive bladder (OAB) symptom. There was a significant reduction in the maximal flow rate from 23.3 ± 9.0 ml/s pre-operation to 18.8 ± 6.7 ml/s at 12 years post-operation. TVT is an effective long-term treatment for SUI, although the cure rate may decrease with time. A low VLPP was predictive of SUI recurrence, and patients showing no OAB symptoms tended to be younger.

Prognostic value of urethral mobility and valsalva leak point pressure for female transobturator sling procedure

To analyze the influence of urethral mobility and Valsalva leak point pressure on postoperative outcomes of transobturator sling (TOT) for female stress urinary incontinence. A prospective cohort was conducted including 66 patients submitted to TOT from March 2006 to May 2009. Urethral hypermobility was defined as mobility ≥ 30° on Q-tip test, and Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) was classified as greater than 60 cmH2O or 60 and less on preoperative urodynamics. These parameters were compared through well defined postoperative objective and subjective success criteria. Intensity of urinary leakage and quality of life was analysed by ICIQ-SF. Statistical analysis was accomplished and the results rendered significant if p < 0.05. Mean follow up was 10 months (3 to 28). Mean age was 55 years (33 to 80), 70% were white and 30% African descendent, mean body mass index was 27 (21 to 38), average vaginal and abdominal deliveries were 2.8 and 0.5 respectively. A quarter had prior stress incontinence surgery. Patients with urethral hypermobility had higher objective success rates (98% versus 81.25%, p = 0.04). The subjective success rate was also greater in the hypermobility group (84% versus 62.5%), but statistical significance was not reached (p = 0.07). VLPP had no influence on either objective or subjective postoperative success rates (p = 0.17 and 0.34, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, those with low mobility and high VLPP had worse objective success rates in comparison to the group with hypermobility and low VLPP (p = 0.04) and also in relation to the remaining of the studied population. Other possible prognostic factors (previous surgery, mixed incontinence, gestational status) had no influence on success rates. High urethral mobility, regardless of the sphincteric status indicated by VLPP, is a favorable prognostic factor for tension-free transobturator tape procedure. No relationship was demonstrated between postoperative success rates and VLPP.

Efficacy of TVT-SECUR and factors affecting cure of female stress urinary incontinence: 3-year follow-up

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the TVT-SECUR procedure for treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and to identify factors affecting cure during 3 years of follow-up. We prospectively followed patients until 1 year postoperatively and contacted them to revisit the clinic at 3 years. Ninety-six women who underwent TVT-SECUR (H type: 42, U type: 54) were followed up for at least 3 years. Patients were evaluated using the Severity Index for Urinary Incontinence, the Incontinence Quality of Life questionnaire, and the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptom-Short Form questionnaire at baseline and at each postoperative visit. Patient satisfaction and complications were evaluated. Surgical outcome was assessed according to the Severity Index for Urinary Incontinence. Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify preoperative factors independently associated with cure. The 3-year success rate was 91.7 % (cure 72.9 %, improved 18.8 %). The success rate was maintained from 94.8 % at 1 year to 91.7 % at 3 years, but the cure rate decreased significantly from 85.4 % at 1 year to 72.9 % at 3 years. Patient satisfaction rate was 85.4 %. Cure rates were lower in patients with Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) <60 cmH(2)O (79.5 % vs. 52.2 %, p = 0.010). Multivariate analysis showed that only low VLPP was associated with a lower cure rate. The cure rate of female SUI after the TVT-SECUR procedure was not sustained, but the overall success rate was maintained over time. Low VLPP predicted failure to sustain cure.

Management of recurrent stress urinary incontinence after failed midurethral sling: tape tightening or repeat sling?

This study was performed to compare surgical outcomes of repeat midurethral sling (MUS) with those of tape shortening in patients who underwent failed initial MUS. We assessed 66 patients who underwent failed initial MUS and a second surgical procedure because of recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence (SUI), including 36 who underwent repeat MUS and 30 who underwent tape shortening. All patients were followed up for at least 12 months after second surgery. Efficacy was measured by cure rates on the Sandvik questionnaire. Safety was evaluated by assessing maximal urine flow rate, postvoid residual urine volume, and procedure-related complications. The cure rate was significantly higher in patients who underwent repeat MUS (72.2 % vs. 46.7 %, p = 0.034). Among patients with a Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) of <60 cmH(2)O or SUI severity of at least moderate, the cure rate was significantly higher in those who underwent repeat MUS than in those who underwent tape shortening (76.5 % vs. 40.0 % and 79.2 % vs. 43.8 %, respectively). Univariate analysis of preoperative factors demonstrated that there were no risk factors associated with the cure rates in either group. One patient who underwent repeat MUS required tape cutting, and one who underwent tape shortening experienced mesh erosion. A limitation of this study is that it was not a randomized, controlled study. Repeat MUS has a higher cure rate than does tape shortening in surgical treatment of patient with persistent or recurrent SUI, especially those with low VLPP or high SUI grade.

Clinical Factors Associated with Low Valsalva Leak Point Pressure Among Women with Stress Urinary Incontinence

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine the predictive factors that are associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) in women.MethodsBetween January 2008 and December 2009, 185 women with urodynamically proven SUI were included in this study and retrospectively reviewed the medical record. Preoperative SUI symptoms were classified by Stamey grade. Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) determination series was repeated two times in each subject after finishing one series of VLPP measurement. The patients were classified into three groups according to VLPP; 1) ISD: VLPP≤60 cm H2O, 2) equivocal: 60<VLPP≤90 cm H2O, 3) anatomical incontinence (AI): VLPP>90 cm H2O. Chi-square test and multivariate (logistic regression test) analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with ISD.ResultsThe mean patient age was 54.2 years (range, 44.5 to 68.4 years). Seventy-one women (38.3%) were in the ISD group and 70 (37.8%) in the AI group. The results of univariate and multivariate analyses found that women with ISD had a higher symptom grade than women with AI (P=0.001 and 0.0001, respectively). The number of patients in the ISD and AI group in accordance with the symptom grade were 7 (10%) and 44 (62%) in grade I, 50 (54%) and 23 (25%) in grade II, and 14 (63%) and 3 (14%) in grade III respectively. There was no correlation between VLPP and other clinical factors.ConclusionsHigh symptom grade was the only independent clinical factor that predicted the presence of ISD. This should be considered when counseling the patients with SUI.

Tension-Free Vaginal and Transobturator Suburethral-Tape Positioning in Stress Urinary Incontinence Treatment: Effectiveness and Management of Complications

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) versus transobturator tape (TOT). Design: This was a prospective selected cohort study of 169 women with urodynamically proven stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: Women affected by intrinsic sphinteric deficiency, defined as stress incontinence identified on a urodynamic study and associated with little or no urethral mobility and low Valsalva leak-point pressure (≤60 cm H2O), according to the McGuire classification, were selected for the TVT approach, whereas the other subjects underwent a TOT positioning procedure. Results: In total, 169 patients were enrolled, with urodynamically proven SUI; 61 patients were assigned to the TVT and 108 to the TOT group, whereas those with previous incontinence surgery and pelvic organ prolapse greater than stage I were excluded. The Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 (IIQ-7) were filled in preoperatively and then at 3...

Transvaginal bone-anchored sling for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: effect of Valsalva leak point pressure and prior pelvic surgery on outcomes

The effect of lower Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) and previous pelvic surgery on outcomes following sling surgery is controversial. We assessed outcomes following bone-anchored sling (BAS) placement in patients with intrinsic sphincteric deficiency (ISD) and previous pelvic surgery. A retrospective review of 149 patients undergoing BAS placement was performed. Patients were stratified by VLPP (> or =60, <60, and <30) and by history of previous anti-incontinence/pelvic floor surgery. Outcomes were assessed using a questionnaire comprising validated urogenital distress inventory (UDI)-6, incontinence impact questionnaire (IIQ)-7 questionnaires and additional items addressing satisfaction. In comparing the three VLPP cohorts, the percentage of patients reporting incontinence episodes of <1/week (64%, 68%, and 63%, respectively) and postoperative UDI/IIQ questionnaire scores were similar (p > 0.2, all comparisons). Lower rates of patients achieving <1 episode of incontinence per week (50%; p = 0.07) and worse UDI/IIQ scores (p = 0.02) were associated with patients with > or =2 prior surgeries. Whereas results are similar following BAS in patients with or without varying degrees of ISD, worse outcomes are associated with prior surgery.

Urodynamic Measures Do Not Predict Stress Continence Outcomes After Surgery for Stress Urinary Incontinence in Selected Women

We determined the prognostic value of preoperative urodynamic results in patients with stress urinary incontinence. In a 9-center surgical trial, women with stress urinary incontinence were randomized to a Burch or pubovaginal sling procedure. Women were eligible for the study if they had predominant stress urinary incontinence symptoms, a positive cough stress test, a bladder capacity more than 200 ml and urethral hypermobility. Preoperative free uroflowmetry, filling cystometry and pressure flow studies were performed in all. Overall treatment success required a negative pad test, no urinary incontinence on a 3-day diary, a negative stress test, no self-reported stress urinary incontinence symptoms and no re-treatment for stress urinary incontinence. Stress specific success required all of the last 3 criteria. We examined urodynamic measures, and whether the presence of urodynamic stress incontinence, the presence of detrusor overactivity and Valsalva leak point pressure would predict surgical success. Subjects with urodynamic stress incontinence had a 2-fold greater odds of overall success when compared with the No urodynamic stress incontinence group, but this trend did not quite reach statistical significance (OR 2.26; 95% C.I. 0.99, 5.17). Odds of stress specific success did not differ by urodynamic stress incontinence status. Subjects with detrusor overactivity did not have significantly worse success rates. Stratifying by treatment group, there was no difference in mean Valsalva leak point pressure values between surgical successes and failures. We found a nearly statistically significant trend that women with urodynamic stress incontinence are twice as likely to have a successful overall outcome from surgical management of stress urinary incontinence as women without urodynamic stress incontinence. The level of Valsalva leak point pressure and the presence of detrusor overactivity do not predict the success outcomes after the Burch or autologous fascia sling procedures in women with pure or predominant stress urinary incontinence. The impact of urodynamic studies on surgical outcomes needs further investigation.

A Prospective Study Evaluating the Efficacy of the Artificial Sphincter AMS 800 for the Treatment of Postradical Prostatectomy Urinary Incontinence and the Correlation Between Preoperative Urodynamic and Surgical Outcomes

We have evaluated prospectively the long-term efficacy of the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) AMS 800 for the treatment postradical prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PRPUI) patients. We also evaluated the correlation between preoperative urodynamic findings and surgical outcomes. From May 1997 to April 2003, 40 consecutive patients with PRPUI caused by intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) were treated with the AMS 800. Mean age was 68.3 +/- 6.3 years. Continence status was evaluated on the basis of pad count, impact of urinary incontinence on the quality of life, complications, and surgical revisions. Preoperative urodynamic findings were correlated with surgical outcomes. Follow-up ranged from 27 to 132 months (mean = 53.4 +/- 21.4 months). There was a significant reduction in pad count from 4.0 +/- 0.9 to 0.62 +/- 1.07 diapers per day (P <0.001) leading to continence in 90%. There was a significant reduction on the impact of incontinence decreasing from 5.0 +/- 0.7 to 1.4 +/- 0.93 (P <0.001) in a visual analogue scale (VAS). Surgical revision rate was 20%. Preoperative urodynamics was useful to identify sphincter deficiency. Except by a tendency of worse results in patients with reduced bladder compliance (RBC), other urodynamic parameters did not correlate with a worse surgical outcome. The AMS 800 offers good long-term continence to most PRPUI patients. Preoperative findings like detrusor hyperactivity (DH), impaired detrusor contraction (IDC), low Valsalva leak point pressure, bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), and mild RBC were not associated with worse surgical outcomes.

The Volume at Which Women Leak First on Urodynamic Testing is Not Associated With Quality of Life, Measures of Urethral Integrity or Surgical Failure

We determined if the bladder volume at which urodynamic stress incontinence is first detected is related to preoperative quality of life, urethral sphincter assessment or surgical outcome in women undergoing continence surgery. Charts of consecutive women who underwent a sling or Burch procedure were reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative assessment included the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and Urogenital Distress Inventory. Urodynamic stress incontinence volume is the bladder volume at which urodynamic stress incontinence was first detected. Women were divided into 4 groups according to urodynamic stress incontinence volume, and compared with respect to maximum urethral closure pressure, Valsalva leak point pressure, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and Urogenital Distress Inventory. Urodynamic stress incontinence persistence was evaluated only in patients who had sling surgery. A total of 168 women were recruited for the study. Urodynamic stress incontinence volume was 100 ml for 31% of women, 200 ml for 17%, 300 ml for 17% and 400 ml or greater for 35%. Baseline and postoperative Urogenital Distress Inventory, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, maximal urethral closure pressure and Valsalva leak point pressure did not differ by urodynamic stress incontinence volume. Among the 116 patients who had the sling procedure, urodynamic stress incontinence persistence did not differ by urodynamic stress incontinence volume (p=0.72). Women who demonstrate urodynamic stress incontinence at lower bladder volumes do not report greater bother from incontinence than women who leak at higher volumes, suggesting leakage severity on urodynamics is not an adequate reflection of incontinence related quality of life.

Treatment outcome of tension-free vaginal tape in stress urinary incontinence: comparison of intrinsic sphincter deficiency and nonintrinsic sphincter deficiency patients

The object of this study was to compare the treatment outcomes of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) for intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) and nonintrinsic sphincter deficiency (NISD) patients in stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and to evaluate whether TVT can be effectively used in both groups of patients. 111 women with SUI treated by TVT procedure from June 2003 to June 2005 with follow-ups for at least 1 year postoperatively were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: 31 patients with ISD and 80 patients with NISD. ISD was defined as the cases with low Valsalva leak-point pressure (VLPP) or Maximal urethral closure pressure (MUCP). Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. There were no significant differences found in demographics between ISD and NISD groups: mean age, parity, body mass index, menopausal status, and hormone replacement therapy (p > 0.05). All urodynamic parameters except for VLPP and MUCP showed no significant differences. The cure rates of the two groups at 1 month follow-up (87.0 vs 100%; p = 0.0053) showed a significant difference, but no significant differences were found at 3, 6, and 12 months. There were no differences in postoperative complication rates (voiding difficulty, de novo urgency, urinary tract infection, retropubic hematoma, and vaginal mesh erosion) between the two groups irrelevant of follow-up months. TVT is effective for SUI in both ISD and NISD patients.

1344: Transobturator Sling with Intraoperative Cough Test is Effective for Patients with Low Valsalva Leak Point Pressure

1344: Transobturator Sling with Intraoperative Cough Test is Effective for Patients with Low Valsalva Leak Point Pressure

Age Is Not a Limiting Factor for Midurethral Sling Procedures in the Elderly With Urinary Incontinence

Minimally invasive forms of the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure have shown considerable promise in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Operating times have decreased, as have complications, in part because TVT may be done under local anesthesia. This study analyzed the results of midurethral sling procedures in 266 women who were followed up for at least 6 months and for a mean of 10.4 months. Outcomes were compared in an elderly group of 60 women aged 65 years and older and 206 middle-aged women 45 to 64 years of age. Both TVT and suprapubic arch (SPARC) procedures were carried out. Uroflowmetry was performed with the patient sitting to monitor voided volume and maximal flow rate during micturition. Compared with middle-aged women, the elderly had higher parity, more combined symptoms of urgency or urge urinary incontinence (UUI), less urethral mobility, and lower Valsalva leak point pressure or maximum urethral closure pressure. Apart from bladder injury, occurring in 4.4% of middle-aged women and 1.7% of the elderly group, there were no major intraoperative or postoperative complications. In no instance was healing of the vaginal wound impaired or the tape rejected. Postoperative urgency was present in 6.3% of middle-aged women and 25% of the elderly group, but rates of postoperative UUI did not differ significantly. SUI was cured in 91% of middle-aged and 85% of elderly women. The respective rates of transient postoperative urinary retention were 11% and 15%. It is not yet clear whether elderly women gain durable results from midurethral sling procedures but, from the present findings, age does not appear to be a significant risk factor for surgical failure.

Weak VLPP and MUCP correlation and their relationship with objective and subjective measures of severity of urinary incontinence

The aims of the present study were to find the correlation between Valsalva leak-point pressure (VLPP) and cough leak-point pressure (CLPP) and to determine whether the water perfusion maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) correlates with VLPP. Seventy-nine women with previously untreated stress urinary incontinence were recruited to participate in a clinical study. Their mean age was 56.4 years, mean BMI was 27.8, and mean parity was 1.9. The mean values of VLPP and CLPP were 50.4 and 52.9 cm H(2)O, respectively. We did not find statistically significant differences in the mean values of VLPP and CLPP. The mean value of MUCP at rest was 44.2 cm H(2)O and the mean value of MUCP during maximal Valsalva maneuver was 37.2 cm H(2)O; with 500 ml of sterile saline in the bladder the difference between them is statistically significant. In the study group (n=79), 56 patients (77%) had low VLPP (< or =60 cm H(2)O), 21 patients (30%) had low MUCP (< or =30 cm H(2)O), and 8 patients had MUCP< or =20 cm H(2)O (all at rest). Of the 56 patients with low VLPP, 16 also had a low MUCP (< or =30 cm H(2)O). This study mainly compares two parameters-the MUCP and the VLPP. Based on our results we can conclude that there is no correlation between these parameters. MUCP measures urethral resistance at rest and VLPP measures urethral resistance during increased intra-abdominal pressure (Valsalva maneuver).

Early outcomes of mid‐urethral slings for female stress urinary incontinence stratified by valsalva leak point pressure

To assess the early results of mid-urethral slings placed via the transobturator approach (TVT-O) for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women with high (>60 cm H(2)O) and low (<or=60 cm H(2)O) valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP). Forty-three women with urodynamically proven SUI underwent TVT-O. Patients were divided into either high (>60 cm H(2)O) or low (<or=60 cm H(2)O) VLPP categories based on preoperative urodynamic studies. Patient outcomes were assessed based on degree of postoperative SUI as either dry (no pads, no SUI), or wet (any leakage). Follow-up visits were at 1, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Overall, 65% (28/43) women were cured following TVT-O for SUI. When stratified based on preoperative VLPP, 77% (24/31) of patients with VLPP greater than 60 were cured while only 25% (3/12) of patients with VLPP less than or equal to 60 were cured. No intraoperative complications were noted. The odds of continued SUI following TVT-O were 12 times greater for women with VLPP <or=60 compared to those with VLPP >60. With limited follow up, TVT-O appears to be a safe and effective surgical treatment for female SUI producing excellent results in patients with VLPP >60 cm/H(2)0. Patients with low VLPP may consider conventional, retropubic mid-urethral slings or other procedures as treatment for SUI.

Clinical and urodynamic features according to subjective symptom severity in female urinary incontinence

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between subjective symptom severity and clinical or urodynamic parameters and to compare these parameters according to subjective symptom severity. A total of 268 female patients with grade II (n = 94) and grade III (n = 174) according to the Ingelman-Sundberg scale were included in the study. Mean patient age was 55.9 years (range 28-80). Of 268 patients, 196 women (73.1%) complained of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and 72 (26.9%) reported additional symptoms of urge urinary incontinence (UUI). Fifty-four (20.1%) women previously had hysterectomies and 12 (4.5%) underwent surgery for UI. Patients with severe incontinence (grade III) are older, have longer duration of symptoms, concomitant urgency or UUI, and low maximal urethral closure pressure and low Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP). No difference in other characteristics including pad test loss and urethral mobility was observed in the two groups. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, a longer duration of symptoms was associated with an increased likelihood of severe symptoms (P = 0.025). Patients with mixed incontinence were at five-fold increased risk of severe symptoms compared with those with SUI only (P = 0.011). In the same model, increasing VLPP was associated with a decreased likelihood of severe symptoms (P = 0.037). Longer symptom duration, mixed incontinence and low VLPP have independent effects on the severity of incontinence. Our findings suggest that incontinent patients with sphincteric impairment or urge component may have and increased probability of severe symptoms.