Low Levels Of Participation Research Articles

IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN POLITIK PADA KELOMPOK TUNAWISMA DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG PADA PEMILU 2024

This research analyzes the effectiveness of the Bandar Lampung City General Election Commission (KPU) in increasing the political participation of marginalized groups, especially homeless people, by PKPU Mandate Number 10 of 2018. Homeless groups face various obstacles, such as a lack of legal identity, social stigma, and limited access to information. which makes it difficult for them to engage in the democratic process. Even though the KPU has implemented a political education program for vulnerable groups, this effort focuses more on people with disabilities, so that the needs of the homeless are neglected. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with an inclusion-based political education approach. The research results show that low data collection and a lack of special programs for homeless people are the main obstacles to increasing their participation. The implications of this ineffectiveness include low levels of political participation for homeless people, continued marginalization, and inequality in a democratic system that includes the principle of inclusivity. Recommendations provided include collaboration between the KPU, Social Services, and civil society organizations to cover the needs of homeless people, the implementation of tailored political education programs, and facilitating the disclosure of identity documents.

Designing a sports orienteering contest: physical versus cognitive skills in rogaining

AbstractRogaining is an orienteering running sport where participants need to decide what control points to visit and in which order. The objective is to collect the largest possible score associated with the visited controls, without violating the time limit. While extensive literature exists on the orienteering problem from a participants' point of view, there is limited understanding of how to design a rogaining contest where physical abilities do not dominate over cognitive skills in influencing the race outcome. To create these contests, we propose a heuristic bilevel optimization approach where at the upper level organizers assign scores to candidate control points, while at the lower level participants solve the classic orienteering problem. The simulation of the selected courses by the participants results in a provisional ranking that allows to evaluate the score assignment as determined by the organizer at the upper level. We apply our methodology to the 2023 World Rogaining Championships, demonstrating the necessity of thoughtful score allocation to ensure a balanced emphasis on both skills.

A Comparison of Physical Activity and Exercise Recommendations for Public Health: Inconsistent Activity Messages Are Being Conveyed to the General Public

We examined the similarities and differences between government-supported public health activity recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Service (NHS), the Department of Health and Aged Care (DHAC), and one of the most renowned public health activity recommendations, the 10,000 Steps Program. The findings derived from our evaluation suggest a lack of consistency in public health activity recommendations, including the nomenclature used to describe aerobic activity, the amount of time required per week to meet the minimum recommendation for moderate and vigorous activity, and variations in the intensities required to meet aerobic activity recommendations. We also found that moderate-intensity activity (3.0 to less than 6.0 METS) is achieved across the lifespan with normal (i.e., mean), rather than vigorous, walking speeds; this suggests the MET level for moderate-intensity activity may need to be re-examined. The suggested strength activities must also be considered to ensure that the activities maintain or improve strength in the general public. Among the reviewed recommendations, none distinguished between physical activity and exercise, which may contribute to the low levels of exercise participation among the general public. Since exercise is medicine, the most recognized government-supported public health activity recommendations should place a greater emphasis on exercise over physical activity. Moreover, given the low levels of activity in the general public, more care should be given to provide a consistent, clear, and direct message regarding activity recommendations.

Land Case Mediation at BPN as a Form of National Land Law Development

One of the most significant obstacles to the advancement of national land legislation is the resolution of land disputes. This article seeks to analyze the role that mediation plays as a means of resolving land disputes when implemented by the National Land Agency (BPN), with the aim of supporting the development of a more just and sustainable land law. This research employs a qualitative methodology, with the analysis of data pertaining to mediation cases administered by the BPN in multiple regions. The findings indicate that mediation proves an effective method of resolving land-related disputes through a peaceful resolution, despite the existence of obstacles, namely the low level of participation by some parties and the restricted resources of the BPN itself. The study ultimately concludes that, with the implementation of more robust policies and the enhancement of institutional capabilities, mediation has the potential to provide substantial support in the advancement of national land law development.

CONSORTIUM URBAN OPERATIONS, A MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT TOOL: AN ANALYSIS OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION ATTEMPT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF MANAUS

This research aimed to evaluate the implications of the City Statute on the application of Joint Urban Operations? Was there any attempt to carry out Joint Urban Operations in Manaus? Joint Urban Operations (OUC) are an instrument for the implementation of large urban projects using public and private investments. It shows the importance of popular participation, the relationship with progressive IPTU and with the Master Plans of cities, especially Manaus. A methodology was used regarding technical procedures, the research is classified as bibliographic and documentary; regarding the objectives, it was an exploratory study, analyzing some cases to arrive at the one in Manaus. It was concluded that there is a low level of popular participation, a lack of transparency that makes society's participation unfeasible and the use of progressive taxes would have a certain effect, but without solving the problem. The introduction of Joint Urban Operations could be an option to reduce the housing deficit.

SWOT Strategy in Strengthening the Role of Village Community Empowerment Institutions: An Islamic Law Perspective

This research addresses important issues identified during capacity-building study meetings, including community confusion regarding the function of community empowerment institutions, low levels of participation, and fragmented stakeholder perceptions, all of which impact the effectiveness of village development. This research uses qualitative methods; data collection involves interviews and literature reviews. SWOT analysis assesses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges of community empowerment institutions. Analysis shows that community empowerment institutions have difficulty facilitating community input and holding development planning meetings effectively, thereby hampering participatory governance. Despite these challenges, the Institute has demonstrated strength in mediating community-government dialogue and motivating communal efforts, although improvements in program evaluation and structural cohesion are needed. The study found that the institute is in line with Islamic principles such as ukhuwwah (brotherhood) and ta'awun (cooperation) by empowering communities through inclusive development planning and mutual cooperation. This research concludes that the implementation of Law Number 6 of 2014 by the Community Empowerment Institute has had a positive impact despite the challenges. This research recommends increasing community awareness, strengthening institutional capacity, and fostering greater synergy between institutions and village governments to achieve sustainable and inclusive development.

A live online exercise program for older adults improves depression and life-space mobility: A mixed-methods pilot randomized controlled trial.

Aging is the primary risk factor for sarcopenia and mobility limitations. Exercise reduces these risks, but older adults have low levels of participation in physical activity and exercise. We investigated the preliminary effectiveness of a live, online exercise program on community-dwelling older adults' physical activity levels. A mixed-method pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted according to CONSORT 2010 statement: extension for pilot and feasibility trials. Sedentary older adults (65-80 years) were randomly assigned to the online exercise intervention (ACTIVE) or a waitlist control (CON) group. Outcomes were measured pre-randomization and following the 8-week intervention for ACTIVE and CON and two months following the end of the intervention for the ACTIVE group. Outcomes included habitual physical activity levels, depression, anxiety, loneliness, life-space mobility, nutrition risk, and feasibility. All participants were invited to participate post-intervention in individual semi-structured qualitative interviews. Reporting of the qualitative research followed the checklist for the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting research. Seventeen older adults (71% women) were allocated to ACTIVE group, while 15 were allocated to CON group (87% women). Following the intervention, participants in the ACTIVE group reported reduced symptoms of depression (ACTIVE: pre = 4.2 ± 2.5; post = 2.2 ± 1.9; CON: pre = 3.5 ± 2.1, post = 3.5 ± 2.1; p <0.001) and improved life-space mobility (ACTIVE: pre = 62.4 ± 14.7; post = 71.8 ± 16.0; CON: pre = 65.1 ± 19.0, post = 63.6 ± 22.0; p = 0.003) compared to waitlist control participants. The ACTIVE group had good adherence (97%) and acceptability (98%). Twenty-two participants participated in qualitative interviews. Five themes were identified, including (1) Feasibility of the online exercise program; (2) Perceived health benefits and improvements; (3) Registered Kinesiologists and Physiotherapists contributed to perceived safety; (4) Social connectivity associated with synchronous/live delivery; and (5) Growing old gracefully and preventing disability. Our online exercise program was acceptable to older adults, had good adherence, reduced depression, and increased life space. Participants reported improved functional and mental health benefits. Further research is warranted to expand on these findings. NCT04627493; 13/11/2020.

Participation in eHealth Communication Interventions Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Scoping Review.

eHealth communication interventions have been shown to offer individuals with chronic kidney disease the opportunity to embrace dialysis therapies with greater confidence, the potential to obtain better clinical outcomes, and an increased quality of life. eHealth is an emerging field that offers diverse, flexible designs and delivery options. However, existing evidence on eHealth communication among patients undergoing hemodialysis is sparse and scattered and lacks systematization. This scoping review aims to identify and map the current evidence on patient participation in eHealth communication interventions. We aimed to map the associations between interventions and electronic health records, the participative role of individuals living with chronic kidney disease and undergoing hemodialysis, and the barriers to and facilitators of patient involvement in eHealth communication with health care professionals. This study used the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for conducting a scoping review. Studies eligible for inclusion were those that included adult patients (aged >18 y) undergoing all types of hemodialysis, including prescheduled in-center hemodialysis and conventional home-based hemodialysis. Systematic searches were completed in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSCOhost CINAHL with Full Text, Scopus, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Extracted data from the included studies were presented in figures and tables along with descriptions that responded to the research questions. This review was reported according to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. In total, 9 peer-reviewed studies were included. The main result was a low participative patient role and a vaguely described link to electronic health records. The key participative facilitators were availability of and access to the intervention; security, trust, and confidence; patient knowledge of their health situation and use of self-care; and patient preparedness for an uncertain future health situation and the ability to relate to family and friends about it. The key participative barriers were lack of availability of and access to information, mistrust and lack of safety, lack of knowledge of health situation and self-care, and relational issues. All barriers and facilitators were related to health literacy. This scoping review summarizes 4 specific and 3 nonspecific eHealth communication interventions developed and evaluated in various studies involving patients receiving hemodialysis. A knowledge gap exists between low levels of patient participation in eHealth communication and patients' limited access to electronic health records. eHealth communication interventions should implement patient participation and focus on the fact that different modalities of eHealth communication can complement face-to-face communication. RR2-10.2196/38615.

The effect of the interaction between intrinsic capacity and social support on the trajectories of activities of daily living in older adults

ObjectivesThis study explored the effect of the interaction between intrinsic capacity and social support on the activities of daily living in the older adults. MethodsA total of 3,124 older adults participated in the study. Data on the assessment of intrinsic capacity as well as activities of daily living (ADL) and social support were collected. The latent growth curve model (LGCM) was used to examine the effect of the interaction between social support and intrinsic capacity on the activities of daily living in the older adults. ResultsA total of 3,730 older adults were included at baseline, and 3,124 older adults completed the 4-year follow-up. The ADL score of the older adults showed a significant downward trend with time over 4 years (β=-0.115, P<0.05). In the elderly population with high intrinsic capacity, the ADL of individuals with low levels of social participation decreased significantly over time (β=-0.114, P=0.012). In the elderly group with low intrinsic capacity, the ADL of individuals with low levels of social participation (β=-0.245, P=0.005) and high levels of life care (β=-0.167, P=0.001) decreased significantly over time. ConclusionThis is the first longitudinal study to explore the effects of interactions among intrinsic capacity, social participation and family support on the trajectory of ADL in the older adults from the perspective of the life course. Social participation can effectively improve functional ability of older adults with low intrinsic capacity. Life care is beneficial for maintaining the functional ability of older adults with intact intrinsic capacity, but it accelerates the deterioration of the functional ability of older adults with low intrinsic capacity.

The Impact of Computer-Based Activities and Non-Computer-Based Activities on College Students’ Learning Engagement in English Lessons

The impacts of computer-based activities (CBAs) and non-computer-based activities (NCBAs) on the learning engagement of college students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) courses at FPT Polytechnic College are investigated in this paper. The study involved eighty second-year students, followed a mixed-methods approach with a within-subject design spanning six weeks. Participants in courses include just CBAs during the first three weeks, followed by NCBAs in the next three weeks. To evaluate students' cognitive, emotional, and behavioral involvement in different learning environments, data were gathered by means of surveys and interviews. With 55% of participants choosing NCBAs for concept sharing and 58.75% expressing enthusiasm for class involvement, the results show that NCBAs significantly raised students' cognitive and emotional engagement. On the other hand, CBAs linked with lower participation levels on several other criteria. The paper underlines the need to include NCBAs to improve the learning environment and advises teachers to use a balanced approach in the evolution of EFL curricula. In language-learning environments, this paradigm increases student involvement and raises educational results.

Where is democracy nestled? Reflections on organizational degeneration based on an artists’ cooperative

PurposeThis article presents a compelling case study of a workers’ cooperative in the cultural sector. It offers a unique opportunity to delve into the tensions between managerial and democratic control, particularly in the context of heightened artistic claims. The pivotal role of an accountant in management for nearly two decades sparks a thought-provoking question about the potential for cooperative degeneration.Design/methodology/approachOur research employs a rigorous qualitative method, utilizing semi-structured interviews of six key members and a comprehensive analysis of legal, accounting and other media documents.FindingsOur findings offer a significant perspective, refuting any indications of organizational degeneration. The decision-making processes continue to uphold democratic principles. While the manager and his administrative staff wield substantial authority, this is justified by their duty to preserve the collective. This duty is executed under democratic control, facilitated by information transparency. The low level of democratic participation poses a challenge, but the manager’s initiatives are aimed at addressing this. The effectiveness of this control, however, relies on the active participation of the members, which acts as a strong deterrent against organizational degeneration.Originality/valueThe originality of our contribution lies in our reference to Chester Barnard whose reflections on industrial democracy have been forgotten, reflections linked to his conception of managerial authority. We also highlight the importance of empowering individual members, which leads them to consider the consequences of their actions. As a result, the manager is not placed in a situation where he has to decide alone, as the scope of his unilateral powers is de facto delimited.

&lt;b&gt;Students’ Silence – Redefining What It Means to Participate in EFL Classrooms&lt;/b&gt;

Educators place a high value on the interaction between students and teachers. The amount of verbal interaction in the classroom is often highly valued, while silence is viewed as evidence of inactivity. In spite of the growing attention given to silence in the classroom by educators and scholars, little research has been conducted on how Vietnamese students respond to silence. This study surveyed 132 engineering students at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology to explore the reasons behind low levels of oral participation. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain an understanding of students' towards classroom silence and suggest several implications for improving students’ participation. Preliminary findings suggest that students commonly use silence to gain more thinking time and avoid embarrassment. These insights could inform strategies to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.

Factors associated with political participation among university students in Peru

In Peru, the political participation of university students is low, influenced by legal, cultural, and personal factors that limit them to voting only out of obligation. This work analyzed the factors associated with political participation in university students, considering their socio-academic variables. A sample of 310 students was used, where low levels of political participation were found, with significant associations to factors such as apoliticism, mobilization, and activism, but without relation to sociodemographic variables such as sex, occupation, or economic dependence. The lack of participation is attributed to distrust in political actors due to corruption and personal disinterest, with a greater focus on one's academic activities.

Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think-Pair-Share dalam Pengajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP YPMA Medan

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) cooperative learning method in the teaching of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at SMP YPMA Medan. The problem addressed is the low level of active student participation in PAI learning. To address this issue, the TPS method was implemented as a strategy to increase student engagement. This research used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the application of the TPS method significantly increased student activity in discussions and collaboration, as well as deepened their understanding of the learning material. Students were more motivated and actively participated in the learning process, showing improvement in academic achievement. These findings indicate that the TPS method is effective in teaching PAI, particularly in facilitating interactive and collaborative learning.

Peningkatan Gotong Royong Siswa melalui Model Project Based Learning Berbantuan Media Audiovisual di Fase B Kelas 3 SDN Sumber 3 Surakarta

This study aims to improve the affective learning outcomes in the dimension of collaboration (gotong royong), as well as cognitive and psychomotor learning outcomes of third-grade students at SDN Sumber 3 Surakarta through the application of the Project Based Learning model assisted by audiovisual media. The urgency of selecting this topic stems from the low levels of collaboration and student participation in cooperative activities, which negatively impact social interactions and learning outcomes. Addressing this issue is critical to fostering Pancasila Student Profiles with cooperative and integrity-based characteristics. This classroom action research was conducted in two cycles. The results show significant improvements in all three learning aspects. The collaboration dimension saw a 12.5% increase, with 67% of students classified as "Proficient". Cognitive learning outcomes improved by 10%, with 87% of students reaching the "Proficient" level. Psychomotor learning outcomes also increased by 5%, with 67% of students classified as "Proficient". These findings demonstrate that PBL assisted by audiovisual media is effective in fostering students' affective, cognitive, and psychomotor development while promoting active participation in project-based learning.

Global citizenship among students of Kazakhstan: the role of social media

With the increasing involvement of universities in Kazakhstan in the processes of internationalization, there is a need to adapt educational programs to the changing requirements of the labor market and the national educational environment. An important aspect of these changes is the study of the perception of global citizenship among students of Kazakhstan. In this article, the authors present the results of their two studies on global citizenship. In the first study, the authors set out to study the behavior of university students with participation in democratic processes and their use of social media. In the last decade, many researchers have studied the impact of social media on youth participation in global public life. Many of them noted the positive impact, suggesting that the use of social media would promote democratic participation, especially among the younger generation. Among the students of Kazakhstan, 284 students took part in this study. Participation in global and democratic processes includes five main elements: voting, political activism, consumer participation, protests, and communication with politicians. Our research has shown that university students in Kazakhstan most often express their support or protest within the framework of consumer participation. Students in Kazakhstan demonstrate a low level of participation in political activism, protests and communication with politicians. Regarding the second work of the authors, the study aims to adapt the Scale of Global Citizenship to the context of Kazakhstan, which is a key step in preparing students for active participation in democratic processes. The study used a cross-sectional design using quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. 374 students participated in the study. Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as reliability calculations, it was found that the Global Citizenship Scale has been successfully adapted for use in Kazakhstan, which confirms its applicability in the country.

Physical activity, screening cancer, and savings rate as indicators of health responsibility

Introduction: The health of individuals can change gradually over time as a result of the choices they make. Aim: The study aimed to examine indicators such as physical activity levels, screening participation, and household savings in the context of their role as potential measures of individual health responsibility. The second aim was to identify cognitive barriers and motivations influencing physical activity, breast and cervical cancer screening participation, and money-saving habits. Material and methods: The analysis used available data on physical activity, the screening level (for breast and cervical cancer), and household savings rates. Then, the data for Poland were presented against the background of available averages for the European Union. The data came from Eurostat, Eurobarometer - the official survey instrument used by the European Parliament. Results: According to Eurobarometer data, 65% of respondents in Poland have never been physically active in 2022 (vs in the European Union 45%). In 2022, the percentage of women who were screened for cervical cancer in Poland was 34% of women. And the cervical cancer program (cytology) was used by 10.9% of people. In 2022, the household saving rate was 12.7 % in the EU, and in Poland -2.89%, where the lowest rate occurred in Greece and the highest in Germany (Eurostat data). Conclusion: The low level of physical activity and participation in screening tests in Poland, compared to EU countries, highlights the need to intensify public health promotion activities. Additionally, promoting saving as an important element of health responsibility can not only improve the financial well-being of citizens but also have a positive impact on their mental health.

A qualitative study of nurse participation in global health in the English NHS: participation, interest, and barriers to participation

BackgroundNurses contribute to the largest demographic of the healthcare workforce. However, given current global shortages of workforce capacity, this often leads to limited capacity to engage in extracurricular educational developments beyond their immediate role. Consequently, this significantly limits the range of workforce training and development opportunities that are available to them, which could enhance the variety of skills that are brought to the National Health Service (NHS).ObjectiveWe aimed to understand prior, current, and future participation in global health activities such as global health conferences, networks, and placements, among National Health Service (NHS) staff. Furthermore, we investigated the barriers and facilitators to participation in global health activities for nurses in our sample.MethodQualitative and quantitative data was gathered from an online survey conducted in England from July to November 2021. Thematic analysis was used to examine the qualitative data collected from one open-ended question, whereas statistical analysis was used to examine the remaining quantitative data.ResultsMost (84%) nurses in our sample had not participated in a global health activity. Our results highlighted three barriers to participation, including insufficient communication, a lack of awareness, and capacity issues.ConclusionThis study showed that, despite low levels of prior participation, there is a strong desire among surveyed nurses to be involved in global health activities and education. Our findings also suggest that enhanced communication of opportunities available is needed, in addition to organisational support which incorporates strategies to overcome capacity constraints.

Individual Electoral Competitiveness: Undecided voters, complex choice environments and lower turnout

The number of citizens that are undecided in their vote choice has risen in Western democracies. Polling in Britain shows that a significant proportion of the population do not know who they will vote for. Against a backdrop of partisan dealignment and party system fragmentation, there are more parties on the ballot and more citizens ‘free to choose’. Partisanship continues to be important for voting and lacking an identity is a predictor of aggregate voter volatility. A growing literature conceptualises this availability of voters as individual-level electoral competitiveness, stating that undecided citizens are subject to high levels of competition for their vote. I use this framework and apply theory from the decisionmaking literature to offer why these conditions may depress turnout. I construct a measure of undecided voters who are ‘in competition’ and show that this accounts for 40% of the British Election Study Internet Panel respondents. I demonstrate that those who are in competition are less likely to vote. They are more often those without a partisan identity and those who pay less attention to politics, but being in competition is not related to constituency marginality. The results help explain a key determinant of abstention in British elections and suggest low levels of participation may be due to complex choice environments and citizen indecision. However, they provide a positive outlook for pluralistic democracy as voters do deliberate between the party perspectives on offer.

Adoption of Appropriate Agricultural Model for Food Security in Guiping Town, Renshou County, China

This study explores the problems and strategies in modern physical education around the issue of improving students' sports participation. By analyzing factors such as outdated teaching methods, single curriculum design, imperfect evaluation mechanism, insufficient school sports culture atmosphere, and lack of social and family support, the reasons for the low level of students' sports participation are deeply analyzed. The study emphasizes that physical education is not only a means to improve physical fitness, but also an important way to promote students' mental health and cultivate social interaction skills. On this basis, the study proposes specific strategies such as improving teaching methods, optimizing curriculum design, strengthening school sports culture construction, providing diversified sports projects, and family and social support. Through multi-dimensional methods such as gamification teaching, stratified teaching, ability grouping, interest-driven, interdisciplinary integration, and family and community resource sharing, students' participation in sports activities can be effectively improved, thereby improving the effectiveness of physical education. The study pointed out that the purpose of physical education is to help students develop comprehensively in terms of physical fitness, psychological and social abilities through scientific teaching and management, and promote the improvement of their comprehensive quality.