Low-intensity Resistance Training Research Articles

Differences in knee flexor and extensor force and kinematic variables in rural versus urban area female students in Romania.

The study aimed to identify and explain the typical differences in low-intensity high-volume resistance training (LIHV-RT) performances for major muscle groups between rural versus urban young female students to establish the relevant set of quantitative and qualitative resistance training parameters. The study sample included 46 recreational active female students at the Transilvania University of Brașov, (mean ± SD age, 20 ± 1year; body mass, 60 ± 3kg; height, 160 ± 4cm) grouped urban vs. rural. The study used modified resistance exercise machines for the hamstring- and quadricep-group muscles, equipped with a dynamometer and sensors for identifying developed forces and accelerations. A number of 368 tests were performed, representing two attempts for each subject, for knee flexion and knee extension exercises, with two different loads. For the performance analysis some variables were considered: the maximum number of repetition until failure, maximum force developed, maximum acceleration, the duration of the set and the mean time per repetition. The maximum number of repetition to failure shows a significant higher value for rural than urban in case of knee flexion (d = 0.98 [0.32, 1.54] for load 1(L1) and d = 0.65 [0.03, 1.21] for load 2(L2)) and in case of knee extension (d = 1.89 [1.11, 2.48] for L1 and d = 1.67 [0.92, 2.25] for L2). The total duration of the sets shows a significant higher value for rural than urban in case of knee flexion (d = 0.84 [0.19, 1.39] for L2) and in case of knee extension (d = 1.46 [0.74, 2.03] for L1 and d = 1.56 [0.98, 2.14] for L2). Additionally we found differences in the quality of the relevant repetitions execution and in the impulse developed during the LIHV- MNRF sets. The study's main finding was that there are differences in LIHV-RT performances knee flexion and knee extension antagonistic exercises, between rural and urban female students. We concluded that the obtained results allow teachers to understand the optimal design of RT programs for the different groups of participants, in order to adapt their teaching techniques so that their final objectives are achieved, insisting on particular aspects of the theoretical or practical contents.

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Resistance Training on Autonomic and Endothelial Function in Persons with Parkinson's Disease.

Autonomic dysfunction precedes endothelial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) and causes blood pressure and circulation abnormalities that are highly disruptive to one's quality of life. While exercise interventions have proven helpful for motor symptoms of PD, improving associated non-motor symptoms is limited. Low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (LIRT-BFR) improves autonomic dysfunction in non-PD patients and high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) is recommended for motor symptom improvements for people with PD (PwPD). To determine the effects of LIRT-BFR and HIRT on homocysteine and autonomic and endothelial function in PwPD and to determine the hemodynamic loads during LIRT-BFR and HIRT in PwPD using a novel exercise protocol. Thirty-eight PwPD were assigned LIRT-BFR, HIRT or to a control (CNTRL) group. The LIRT-BFR and HIRT groups exercised three days per week for four weeks. The LIRT-BFR protocol used 60% limb occlusion pressure (LOP) and performed three sets of 20 repetitions at 20% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM). The HIRT group performed three sets of eight repetitions at 80% 1RM. The CNTRL group was asked to continue their normal daily routines. LIRT-BFR significantly improved orthostatic hypotension (p = 0.026), homocysteine levels (p < 0.001), peripheral circulation (p = 0.003), supine blood pressure (p = 0.028) and heart rate variability (p = 0.041); LIRT-BFR improved homocysteine levels (p < 0.018), peripheral circulation (p = 0.005), supine blood pressure (p = 0.007) and heart rate variability (p = 0.047) more than HIRT; and hemodynamic loads for LIRT-BFR and HIRT were similar. LIRT-BFR may be more effective than HIRT for autonomic and endothelial function improvements in PwPD and hemodynamic loads may be lessened in LIRT-BFR protocols using single-joint exercises with intermittent blood flow restriction. Further research is needed to determine if non-motor symptoms improve over time and if results are sustainable.

Effect of blood flow restriction with low-intensity resistance training in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

This study evaluated the effects of blood flow restriction with low-intensity resistance training (BFR + LIRT) on pain, adverse events, muscle strength, and function in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through a systematic review and meta-analysis. This study adhered to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses 2020 (PRISMA 2020) and applied the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) standards to ensure the high quality of the systematic review. A comprehensive literature search was conducted until August 2023 using four selected keywords (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, blood flow restriction training, and resistance training) across five search engines (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and PEDro). Ten studies were analyzed. The results showed that BFR + LIRT had similar effects on pain, risk of adverse events, muscle strength, self-reported function, and physical function compared with resistance training (RT). This systematic review and meta-analysis further support the potential of BFR + LIRT in the disease management of patients with OA or RA. According to this analysis, BFR + LIRT had a lower risk of adverse events than high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and may be a safer training modality. BFR + LIRT offers greater advantages in improving physical function than LIRT and was able to provide similar benefits to HIRT without increasing the training load. These findings suggest that BFR + LIRT is a safe and effective strategy for treating patients with OA or RA. However, owing to the limited number of studies covered in this analysis, additional higher-quality studies are needed to strengthen this conclusion.

Qualitative Description of the Exertional Symptoms of Participants with Persistent Symptoms of Lyme Disease during a Low Intensity Resistance Training Intervention

Introduction: Greater emphasis needs to be placed on approaches to improve the health-related quality of life of patients with persistent symptoms of Lyme disease (PSLD), but little information exists to inform an exercise professional’s expectations of their supervision of resistance training (RT) programs with PSLD patients. In order to build this knowledge base, a secondary qualitative analysis was performed to explore the RT exertional symptoms of PSLD patients that participated in a 4-week study investigating the feasibility of an RT intervention. Methods: Comments regarding exertional symptoms that were recorded in a daily exercise log were the main source of data for this secondary analysis. A manifest content analysis was performed in order to identify recurrent themes of exertional symptoms experienced by this sample of PSLD patients during RT. Results: The reported findings revealed that strain, discomfort, crepitus, tightness, shaking, and control loss were the major themes of exertional symptoms recorded during the RT intervention. Conclusions: These results provide insights intended to inform the expectations of supervisors of exercise (personal trainers, physical therapists, exercise researchers, etc.) when directing RT programming with patients with PSLD.

Skeletal muscle adaptations to high-intensity, low-volume concurrent resistance and interval training in recreationally active men and women.

This study compared the structural and cellular skeletal muscle factors underpinning adaptations in maximal strength, power, aerobic capacity, and lean body mass to a 12-week concurrent resistance and interval training program in men and women. Recreationally active women and men completed three training sessions per week consisting of high-intensity, low-volume resistance training followed by interval training performed using a variety upper and lower body exercises representative of military occupational tasks. Pre- and post-training vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were analyzed for changes in muscle fiber type, cross-sectional area, capillarization, and mitochondrial biogenesis marker content. Changes in maximal strength, aerobic capacity, and lean body mass (LBM) were also assessed. Training elicited hypertrophy of type I (12.9%; p = 0.016) and type IIa (12.7%; p = 0.007) muscle fibers in men only. In both sexes, training decreased type IIx fiber expression (1.9%; p = 0.046) and increased total PGC-1α (29.7%, p < 0.001) and citrate synthase (11.0%; p < 0.014) content, but had no effect on COX IV content or muscle capillarization. In both sexes, training increased maximal strength and LBM but not aerobic capacity. The concurrent training program was effective at increasing strength and LBM but not at improving aerobic capacity or skeletal muscle adaptations underpinning aerobic performance.

Effects of blood flow restriction training on muscle fitness and cardiovascular risk of obese college students.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of blood flow restriction (BFR) combined with low-intensity resistance training (RT) on cardiovascular risk factors in obese individuals. Methods: Twenty-six male obese college students were recruited and randomly assigned to a control group (CON, n = 8), a low-intensity RT group (RT, n = 9), and a combined BFR training and low-intensity RT group (BFRT, n = 9). Results: The subjects in BFRT group showed significant reductions in body fat percentage and waist-to-hip ratio and a significant increase in lean mass and muscle mass; the peak torque, peak power, and endurance ratio of knee extensors and elbow flexors were significantly upregulated; the root mean square (RMS) for the medial femoral muscle, lateral femoral muscle and biceps significantly increased; the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed a significant decrease. The BFRT group also showed significant up-regulations in RMS of the difference between the adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD), high-frequency power (HF) of parasympathetic modulatory capacity, the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) of overall heart rate variability (HRV) changes and low-frequency power (LF) of predominantly sympathetic activity. In addition, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were all significantly downregulated in BFRT group. In parallel, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) significantly reduced while high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) significantly increased in BFRT group. Conclusion: BFR combined with low-intensity RT training effectively improved body composition index, increased muscle mass, improved neuromuscular activation, enhanced muscle strength and endurance, which in turn improved abnormal glucolipid metabolism and enhanced cardiac autonomic regulation.

Patellar Tendon Adaptations to Downhill Running Training and Their Relationships With Changes in Mechanical Stress and Loading History

Abstract Bontemps, B, Gruet, M, Louis, J, Owens, DJ, Miríc, S, Vercruyssen, F, and Erskine, RM. Patellar tendon adaptations to downhill running training and their relationships with changes in mechanical stress and loading history. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 21–29, 2024—It is unclear whether human tendon adapts to moderate-intensity, high-volume long-term eccentric exercise, e.g., downhill running (DR) training. This study aimed to investigate the time course of patellar tendon (PT) adaptation to short-term DR training and to determine whether changes in PT properties were related to changes in mechanical stress or loading history. Twelve untrained, young, healthy adults (5 women and 7 men) took part in 4 weeks' DR training, comprising 10 sessions. Running speed was equivalent to 60–65% V̇O2max, and session duration increased gradually (15–30 minutes) throughout training. Isometric knee extensor maximal voluntary torque (MVT), vastus lateralis (VL) muscle physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) and volume, and PT CSA, stiffness, and Young's modulus were assessed at weeks 0, 2, and 4 using ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. Patellar tendon stiffness (+6.4 ± 7.4%), Young's modulus (+6.9 ± 8.8%), isometric MVT (+7.5 ± 12.3%), VL volume (+6.6 ± 3.2%), and PCSA (+3.8 ± 3.3%) increased after 4 weeks' DR (p &lt; 0.05), with no change in PT CSA. Changes in VL PCSA correlated with changes in PT stiffness (r = 0.70; p = 0.02) and Young's modulus (r = 0.63; p = 0.04) from 0 to 4 weeks, whereas changes in MVT did not correlate with changes in PT stiffness and Young's modulus at any time point (p &gt; 0.05). To conclude, 4 weeks' DR training promoted substantial changes in PT stiffness and Young's modulus that are typically observed after high-intensity, low-volume resistance training. These tendon adaptations seemed to be driven primarily by loading history (represented by VL muscle hypertrophy), whereas increased mechanical stress throughout the training period did not seem to contribute to changes in PT stiffness or Young's modulus.

Effects of Two Different Low-Volume Resistance Training Programs Applied During the Off-Season Period on the Speed-Power Performance of Elite Youth Soccer Players.

Loturco, I, Nunes, RFH, Lampert, RR, Silva, RLP, Hespanhol, JE, Novack, LF, Conde, JHS, Pereira, LA, and McGuigan, MR. Effects of two different low-volume resistance training programs applied during the off-season period on the speed-power performance of elite youth soccer players. . J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 571-576, 2024-The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in the speed-power performance of elite youth soccer players submitted to 2 different low-volume resistance training programs during the off-season period. Twenty under-17 players were randomly allocated to "traditional nonballistic" or "ballistic training" groups. Countermovement jump (CMJ), 20-m sprinting speed, and half-squat (HS) power tests were performed after the final match of the season (pretesting session) and at the beginning of the subsequent season (post-testing session), after 4 weeks of detraining. Between-group differences were assessed using a 2-way ANOVA with repeated measures followed by the Tukey's post hoc test. Performance variations were individually analyzed with the use of the "true changes" calculation. At post-tests, CMJ height and HS power remained unchanged ( p > 0.05) but similar and significant improvements in sprint speed were observed in both groups ( p < 0.05). However, notably, a larger number of players in the ballistic group exhibited "true changes" in HS power (i.e., 55 vs. 33%, compared with the traditional group, respectively). In conclusion, either low-volume ballistic or traditional resistance training schemes were able to increase sprint speed and maintain power output during a short interseason break in youth soccer players. Despite this apparent similarity, at the individual level, ballistic movements were more efficient at improving lower-body power. Practitioners can use the strategies described here to improve the sprint and power performance of soccer players during short periods of soccer-specific training cessation.

Exercise Training Recommendations for Adults With and Without Chronic Disease to Improve Endothelial Health

The endothelium is the innermost layer of the blood vessels and is responsible for the production of chemicals that are used to regulate arterial diameter in response to changes in blood flow. Dysfunction of the endothelium is a key precursor for cardiovascular disease. However, exercise training may mitigate this dysfunction and promote endothelial health. Therefore, this infographic illustrates findings from an umbrella review (review of reviews; 10.1007/s40279-023-01837-w) that investigated the impact of any exercise training intervention (intervention) on adults with or without chronic disease (population), with, or without a comparator group (comparison), on endothelial function (outcome) using evidence from 27 reviews, including 19 meta-analyses (5464 unique participants). Overall, the included reviews provided evidence that the type of training to optimally improve endothelial function may vary based on disease condition. Specifically, the evidence suggests that healthy adults benefitted most from high intensity aerobic training and/or more frequent low-moderate resistance training. In addition, adults with type 2 diabetes benefitted most from low-intensity resistance or low-moderate aerobic exercise training, whereas those with cardiovascular conditions (i.e., heart transplant patients, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease) should consider engaging in higher-intensity aerobic training to improve endothelial function, although may still need to consult a healthcare provider. Exercise training also improves endothelial function in other chronic conditions including cancer and autoimmune rheumatic disease, but the evidence is insufficient to provide specific guidelines. Although insufficient data exists to determine specific intervention characteristics (i.e., frequency, intensity, type, time), this information provides a high level of evidence to support exercise training, including aerobic, resistance, and combined training as effective strategies to improve endothelial-dependent vasodilatory function in adults. These findings should help guide the design of specific exercise programs or recommendations.

Effect of Blood Flow-Restricted Strength Training on Body Composition: a Randomized Controlled Study of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

INTRODUCTION. Low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction is an effective strategy for increasing muscle mass and strength, as well as reducing excess subcutaneous and visceral fat deposition. In recent years, this method has been used in various populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on anthropometric parameters and body composition in men with metabolic syndrome.&#x0D; AIM. To evaluate the effect of low-intensity strength training with blood flow restriction on anthropometric indices and body composition in men with metabolic syndrome.&#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study involved 60 untrained men (mean age 38.7 ± 5.6 years) who meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome due to health reasons. Participants were divided into three groups according to resistance training regimens: low-intensity resistance with blood flow restriction; high-intensity training; low-intensity training without blood flow restriction. Before and after 12 weeks of training, the groups were assessed for body mass index, fat mass, visceral fat area, musculoskeletal mass, waist circumference.&#x0D; RESULTS. There was a statistically significant decrease in fat mass, visceral fat area, waist circumference and an increase in musculoskeletal mass (p 0.05) in the groups of low-intensity strength training with blood flow restriction and high-intensity strength training. In the parameters of men belonging to the group of low-intensity strength training without blood flow restriction, no statistically significant changes were found (p 0.05).&#x0D; CONCLUSION. In summary, the study found that low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction effectively altered the body composition of men with metabolic syndrome.

Effects of a 12-Week Low-Intensity Resistance Training Program on Force-Matching Task and Balance in Young Men

Background: The effects of low-intensity resistance training on health and muscular performance have been widely reported, but its effects on motor skills such as balance and force matching have been overlooked. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of low-intensity resistance training on a force-matching task and balance. Methods: The subjects from the intervention group (EXP; n = 20) participated in a 12-week low-intensity resistance training program. The measurements of balance and force-matching ability were conducted before and after the intervention. To determine the accuracy and steadiness (variability) in the force matching task, we calculated the values of three errors: (1) absolute error (AE), (2) constant error (CE), and (3) variable error (VE). Results: In the force-matching task performed after the training, the values of two errors decreased: (1) AE (right leg, p = 0.0008; left leg, p = 0.0008), and (2) CE (right leg, p = 0.0064; left leg, p = 0.0440). Resistance training did not significantly affect VE and the parameters characterizing COP sway in the balance test. Conclusions: The 12-week low-intensity resistance training improved the accuracy of the force-matching task but did not change postural stability or postural strategies.

Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength Following 6 Weeks of Blood Flow Restriction Combined with Low-Intensity Strength Training in Overweight Adolescents

Background and Study purpose. Blood flow restriction training is a new training technique that involves low-intensity exercise and can generate physiological changes equivalent to high-intensity exercise. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of blood flow restriction in conjunction with low-intensity resistance exercise on muscle mass and muscle strength among overweight adolescents, in comparison to conventional resistance exercise. Materials and methods. The study involved two randomized groups: an experimental group, which performed 40% of one repetition maximum (1RM) resistance exercise combined with 60% of arterial occlusion pressure (AOP), and a traditional resistance exercise group, which performed 70% of 1RM resistance exercise. All participants underwent pre-test and post-test evaluations for body composition, 1RM, and muscle circumference. The training program lasted for six weeks and consisted of upper and lower body training, including exercises such as leg press, leg curl, arm curl, and arm extension. Results. The group that underwent low-load blood flow restriction (LLBFR) training showed a notable increase in muscle mass (p&lt;0.049) as well as arm and leg circumference (p&lt;0.047 and p&lt;0.046, respectively) compared to before the training program, similar to the results of high-intensity resistance exercise. Conclusions. Combining blood flow restriction with low-intensity resistance training is a potentially effective approach to increase muscle size and strength, especially in overweight adolescents. Moreover, this type of training can decrease the amount of exercise load, making it a feasible option for individuals who may not tolerate high loads due to certain medical conditions or other limitations.

High versus Low-Intensity Resistance Training on Bone Mineral Density and Content Acquisition by Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The menopause stage in women reduces estrogen levels and bone indicators. This study compared the effects of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), T-score, and Z-score in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 45 postmenopausal women, aged 50 to 60, who were randomly assigned into 3 parallel groups (n = 15 in each). The exercise program was performed by the interventional groups-the HIRT and LIRT groups-at 4 different intensities, 3 times a week for 24 weeks: 8 repetitions at 80% of 1 repetition maximum and 16 repetitions at 40% of 1 repetition maximum. The evaluated areas (BMD, BMC, T-score, and Z-score) included the lumbar spine (LS) and the femur neck (FN) using a DEXA machine. One-way analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were used for data analysis. The results indicated significant differences in BMD, BMC, T-scores, and Z-scores between the means of the LS and the FN in all groups. In addition, significant differences were revealed in the BMC of the LS, the BMD, T-scores (P < 0.001), Z-scores (P = 0.001), and in the BMC of the FN (P < 0.001), the BMD (P = 0.001), T-scores, and Z-scores (P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, the HIRT group's bone indices were considerably greater than those of the LIRT group (P < 0.00). Nonetheless, LIRT was significantly greater than that of the control group (P > 0.00). According to the current findings, HIRT seems to be the most effective training program compared with LIRT for bone indicators improvement in the femur neck and the lumbar spine among postmenopausal women with osteopenia.

The effects of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction versus traditional resistance exercise on lower extremity muscle strength and motor functionin ischemic stroke survivors: a randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT Background Blood flow restriction (BFR) training can temporarily reduce cortical GABA concentrations and increase the size of motor volleys to deafferented muscles, which can promote motor recovery in stroke survivors. Objective To determine the effect of low-intensity resistance training with BFR (LIRT-BFR) on lower extremity muscle strength, balance, functional mobility, walking capacity, gait speed, anxiety, and depression in stroke survivors and to compare the results with high-intensity resistance training (HIRT). Method It was a two-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial in which 32 ischemic stroke participants were randomly allocated to LIRT-BFR or HIRT group. The LIRT-BFR group received low load resistance training (40% of 1-Repetition Maximum (1-RM)) with BFR, whereas HIRT group received high load resistance training (80% of 1-RM). The 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT), five-time sit-to-stand test (5TSTST), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Barthel index were the primary outcome measures. The secondary outcome measures included gait speed (m/s), stride length (cm), cadence (steps/min), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression. Results All the primary and secondary outcome measures were significantly improved in both groups (p < 0.05). The LIRT-BFR group showed a slightly greater, but non-significant, improvement as compared to the HIRT group in terms of mean change observed in 6-MWT (81 m vs 62 m), 5TSTST (−5.27 vs −4.81), gait speed (0.19 vs 0.12), stride length (18 vs 13), and cadence (8 vs 6). No adverse event was reported. Conclusion LIRT-BFR produced a significant improvement in muscle strength, balance, walking capacity, and anxiety and depression in ischemic stroke patients, and the improvement are comparable to HIRT. Clinical Trial Registration NCT05281679

Critically appraised paper: High-intensity resistance training is not superior to low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis [commentary

Critically appraised paper: High-intensity resistance training is not superior to low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis [commentary

Critically appraised paper: High-intensity resistance training is not superior to low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Critically appraised paper: High-intensity resistance training is not superior to low-intensity resistance training in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Позитивное влияние низкоинтенсивных силовых тренировок с ограничением кровотока на показатели обмена веществ у мужчин с метаболическим синдромом

Resistance training with blood flow restriction using inflatable cuffs or elastic bands produces a partial occlusion of the vessels of the exercising muscles. Compared to high-intensity resistance training, blood flow restriction training markedly reduces the mechanical load, while causing a similar increase in muscle mass and strength. Thus, this method is an effective training protocol for people with disabilities. Recent studies have shown that blood flow restriction training has beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis. Therefore, it can be considered as a valuable alternative to exercise for people with metabolic syndrome, a disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism, decreased skeletal muscle mass and progressive sarcopenia. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on the metabolic parameters in men with metabolic syndrome. Materials and methods. The study involved 45 non-exercising men (mean age 35.2 ± 6.4 years) with metabolic syndrome. The participants were divided into three groups: low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction; high-intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction; low-intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction. Before and after the training course (12 weeks), blood plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins were assessed, as well as systolic blood pressure, waist circumference and metabolic syndrome severity z-score. Results. A statistically significant (p ˂ 0.05) decrease in all parameters was found in the groups of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction and high-intensity resistance training. In the group of low-intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction, no statistically significant changes were identified (p ˃ 0.05). Thus, the research found that low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction improves the metabolic profile of men with metabolic syndrome and can, therefore, be used to prevent and treat metabolic disorders.

L-citrulline With Low-intensity Resistance Training Improves Endothelial Function And Lean Mass In Postmenopausal Women

L-citrulline With Low-intensity Resistance Training Improves Endothelial Function And Lean Mass In Postmenopausal Women

Effects Of Combined Low-intensity Resistance Training And Chlorella Intake On Endothelial Function In Aged Mice

Effects Of Combined Low-intensity Resistance Training And Chlorella Intake On Endothelial Function In Aged Mice

Effects of Resistance Training Intensity on Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Adults

PURPOSE: Resistance exercise is an effective behavioral intervention for improving skeletal muscle mass and strength, and preventing sarcopenia. However, the effects of resistance exercise on arterial stiffness remain controversial. This study aimed to organize and analyze the effects of resistance training intensity on arterial stiffness in healthy adults without overt clinical disease.METHODS: A thorough literature search was conducted to retrieve original research articles between 2000 and 2023 using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases.RESULTS: Long-term low-intensity resistance training (RT) was deemed a safe exercise intervention that can maintain or decrease arterial stiffness and increase muscle strength. Moreover, moderate-intensity RT was effective in improving muscle strength and hypertrophy but did not reduce arterial stiffness. High-intensity RT was an excellent intervention for enhancing muscle strength. However, a potential risk of increasing both central and peripheral artery stiffness in young adults was present.CONCLUSIONS: Compared to low-intensity RT, moderate-to-high-intensity RT was more effective in improving muscle strength and hypertrophy, but may increase arterial stiffness.