Low-volume Interval Training Research Articles

Effect of Low-Intensity Interval Training on Physical Performance and Blood Parameters Among Junior Handball Players

Effect of Low-Intensity Interval Training on Physical Performance and Blood Parameters Among Junior Handball Players

Interactive effects of low-volume interval exercise and nutrition on glycemic control.

Low-volume interval training has been demonstrated to improve indices of 24 h glycemic control using continuous glucose monitoring in individuals with or at risk for metabolic diseases. Nonetheless, there are inconsistencies in the literature with respect to the effects of interval exercise on 24 h glycemia, which may partly result from different nutritional conditions and/or controls adopted across various studies. This current opinion aims to provide a concise overview of the effects of acute and chronic interval exercise on 24 h glycemic control, while also describing how nutrition can influence and modify these responses. Given the distinct impact of dietary intake on blood glucose regulation, the adoption of diverse dietary control strategies during measurement of 24 h glycemia-spanning from using the participant's habitual diet to providing standardized meals customized to individual energy requirements-may contribute to varying conclusions across studies regarding the influence of interval exercise on 24 h glycemia. In addition, nutritional manipulations surrounding exercise, including whether interval exercise commences in the fasted or fed state, the macronutrient composition of post-exercise meals, and the presence of an energy and/or carbohydrate deficit among participants, offer important context when considering the effects of interval exercise on 24 h glycemia. Additional well-controlled studies are warranted to explore the interactive effects of interval exercise and nutrition on 24 h glycemia. These efforts will assist in refining exercise and nutrition recommendations aimed at improving glycemic control.

Effects of interval training on haemodynamic variables after coronary artery bypass graft: A meta-analysis.

To assess the combined impact of interval training programme on haemodynamic variables, specifically blood pressure and heart rate, in patients having undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The meta-analysis was conducted from October to December 2022, and comprised search on PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PeDro, EMBASE, Science Direct, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Google Scholar and Scopus electronic databases by two researchers independently for literature published between 2009 and 2020 related to the effects of interval training on coronary artery bypass graft patients. Meta-analysis was then performed to analyse the effects of an interval training on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate. The meta-analysis was performed in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Of the 122 studies initially located, 7 were related to the effects of different forms of interval trainings and their impact on systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the patients, and 5 studies analysing the effects of interval trainings on heart rate. Interval training showed mild improvement in decreasing SBP compared to control groups. Standardized mean difference suggested an effect size of -0.226 in random effect model (I2=52.01; p=0.064). Similarly, a small effect size of 0.136 (I2=39.19%, p=0.14) was observed for diastolic blood pressure. Also, there was a small effect size of 0.155 (I2= 28.08, p=0.23) observed for heart rate. Interval training programmes, including high-intensity interval training, low-volume interval training, and aerobic interval training, had a small effect on systolic blood pressure, whereas continuous training protocols had a similarly small effect size on diastolic blood pressure and heart rate.

Low interval intensity training for cardiorespiratory system and blood sugar level in patients with diabetes 2

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important global health matter which impacts around 382 million individuals globally. Sport workout has been viewed as the "gold standard" for treating type 2 diabetes. However, people with diabetes still has a low level of exercise. The current study's goal is to determine how type 2 diabetes patients' blood sugar levels and cardiorespiratory systems are affected by low intensity interval training. A fifty patients who volunteered to take part in this study were referred by medical professionals and were appearing at an additional session held by the authorities of Al-Hillah City/Babylon at a local medical hospital. They had been diagnosed with diabetes 2 and were between the ages of 40 and 50. Blood seems to be more affected by LIIT.

Effect of High-Intensity Circuit Training versus Low-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Strength and Weight Efficacy in Overweight and Obese Young Females: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Effect of High-Intensity Circuit Training versus Low-Intensity Interval Training on Functional Strength and Weight Efficacy in Overweight and Obese Young Females: A Randomized Clinical Trial

저강도 인터벌훈련이 복대동맥 치환술 후 발생한 전신쇠약 환자에게 미치는 영향

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of low-intensity interval training on a patient unable to walk due to generalized weakness after surgery. Methods: A patient who underwent abdominal aortic replacement surgery was included in this study. Low-intensity interval training was performed with little difficulty for 24 days using an S-bar standing frame and a walking aid. Results: With low-intensity training, the patient’s muscle strength (lower extremity) increased from F− to F+. Aerobic ability improved, and the patient was able to walk more than 90 m using a walking aid in a state where walking was not possible. Furthermore, pulmonary edema and effusion improved. Conclusion: Low-intensity interval training is useful for patients with general weakness after abdominal aortic replacement surgery.

Systemic Lupus, Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiac Disease, and Peripheral Artery Disease

Systemic Lupus, Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiac Disease, and Peripheral Artery Disease

Influence of High Intensity Interval and Low Intensity Interval Trainings on Selected Motor Fitness Components

The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of high intensity interval training and Low intensity interval training on selected motor fitness components namely speed and agility. To achieve this purpose of the study, forty five men students studying Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu and India were selected as subjects at random. Their age ranged between 18 to 24 years. The selected subjects were divided into three equal groups of fifteen each namely high intensity interval training group, Low intensity interval training group and control group. The experimental group I underwent high intensity interval training and group II underwent Low intensity interval training for three days per week for twelve weeks whereas the control group maintained their daily routine activities and no special training was given to them. The following motor fitness components namely speed and agility were selected as criterion variables. The subjects of the three groups were tested on selected motor fitness components namely speed and agility using standardized tests namely 50 mts run and shuttle run at prior and immediately after the training period. The collected data were analyzed statistically through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significant difference, if any among the groups. Whenever the obtained “F” ratio was found to be significant, the Scheffe’s test was applied as post hoc test to find out the paired mean difference, if any. The .05 level of confidence was fixed to test the level of significance which was considered as an appropriate. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference exist among high intensity interval training group, Low intensity interval training group and control group on selected motor fitness components namely speed and agility. And also high intensity interval training group and Low intensity interval training group showed significant improvement on speed and agility when compared to control group.

Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity and Low-Intensity Interval Training on Chemokine Gene Expression and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Male Adult Rats

Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity and Low-Intensity Interval Training on Chemokine Gene Expression and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Male Adult Rats

Feasibility, Safety, and Preliminary Efficacy of Very Low-Volume Interval Training in Advanced Cancer Patients.

ABSTRACTPurposeHigh-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health-related outcomes in various chronic diseases, including cancer. However, data on feasibility and efficacy of HIIT in advanced cancer patients are still sparse, presumably because of safety concerns, like suspected immunosuppression after vigorous exercise. This randomized, sham-intervention controlled study aimed to investigate feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of very low-volume HIIT (LOW-HIIT) in advanced cancer patients.MethodsTwenty-seven patients (55.4 ± 13.2 yr) with different advanced cancers (Union for International Cancer Control [UICC] III/IV) were randomly allocated to LOW-HIIT (n = 13), consisting of 5 × 1 min cycle ergometer intervals (14 min per session total duration) at 80% to 95% HRpeak (two sessions per week for 12 wk), or a sham intervention (n = 14) performing light physical mobilization exercises (SHAM). Primary outcomes were attrition and attendance rates, with values of ≤25% and ≥80%, respectively, considered acceptable. Secondary outcomes were safety, protocol fidelity, physiological (including CRF measures) and patient-reported outcomes (including fatigue and quality of life).ResultsOne of 13 patients (8%) receiving LOW-HIIT dropped out. Mean attendance rate was ~93%. The prescribed minimum exercise intensity was consistently reached by all patients. Low-volume HIIT was well tolerated and not associated with any serious adverse event nor with increased infection susceptibility. There were no biochemical signs of acute immunosuppression after LOW-HIIT. Contrarily, differentiation and degranulation of natural killer cells was acutely increased postexercise. Low-volume HIIT improved CRF measures including peak oxygen uptake, self-reported fatigue, physical, and social functioning. No significant changes occurred in the SHAM group.ConclusionsLow-volume HIIT can be regarded as feasible and safe in advanced cancer patients. Our preliminary data indicate favorable acute effects on NK-cells and beneficial chronic adaptations in CRF, fatigue, and aspects of quality of life.

"HIIT the Inflammation": Comparative Effects of Low-Volume Interval Training and Resistance Exercises on Inflammatory Indices in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Patients Undergoing Caloric Restriction.

Exercise is a cornerstone in metabolic syndrome (MetS) treatment. However, the effects of low-volume exercise modalities on MetS-associated low-grade inflammation are unclear. A total of 106 MetS patients (53.7 ± 11.4 years) were randomized to low-volume high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT, 14 min/session), single-set resistance training (1-RT, ~15 min/session), whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS, 20 min/session), three-set resistance training (3-RT, ~50 min/session), each performed 2 ×/week for 12 weeks, or a control group (CON). All groups received nutritional counseling for weight loss. Inflammatory and cardiometabolic indices were analyzed pre- and post-intervention. All groups significantly reduced body weight by an average of 3.6%. Only LOW-HIIT reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) (−1.6 mg/L, p = 0.001) and interleukin-6 (−1.1 pg/mL, p = 0.020). High-sensitivity CRP and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein decreased following LOW-HIIT (−1.4 mg/L, p = 0.001 and −2.1 ng/mL, p = 0.004) and 3-RT (−0.6 mg/L, p = 0.044 and −2.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001). MetS severity score improved with LOW-HIIT (−1.8 units, p < 0.001), 1-RT (−1.6 units, p = 0.005), and 3-RT (−2.3 units, p < 0.001). Despite similar effects on body weight, low-volume exercise modalities have different impact on inflammatory and cardiometabolic outcomes in MetS patients. LOW-HIIT has superior efficacy for improving inflammation compared to 1-RT and WB-EMS. Resistance-based exercise appears to require a higher volume to promote beneficial impact on inflammation.

The Effect of High and Low-Intensity Interval Training on TRF1 and TRF2 Gene Expression in Slow and Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscles of C57BL/6 Mice: An Experimental Study

The Effect of High and Low-Intensity Interval Training on TRF1 and TRF2 Gene Expression in Slow and Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscles of C57BL/6 Mice: An Experimental Study

Very low-volume interval training improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and cardiometabolic health in adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cardiometabolic disorders are highly prevalent in obese individuals. Physical exercise is an important element in obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) treatment. However, the vast majority of individuals with obesity do not meet the general physical activity recommendations (i.e. 150 min of moderate activity per week). The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a highly time-saving high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol (28 min time requirement per week) on NAFLD fibrosis (NFS) and cardiometabolic risk scores in obese patients with MetS and elevated NFS values. Twenty-nine patients performed HIIT on cycle ergometers (5 x 1 min at an intensity of 80 - 95% maximal heart rate) twice weekly for 12 weeks and were compared to a control group without exercise (CON, n = 17). Nutritional counseling for weight loss was provided to both groups. NFS, cardiometabolic risk indices, MetS z-score, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) and body composition were assessed before and after intervention. The HIIT (-4.3 kg, P < 0.001) and CON (-2.3 kg, P = 0.003) group significantly reduced body weight. There were no significant group differences in relative weight reduction (HIIT: -3.5%, CON: -2.4%). However, only the HIIT group improved NFS (-0.52 units, P = 0.003), MetS z-score (-2.0 units, P < 0.001), glycemic control (HbA1c: -0.20%, P = 0.014) and VO2max (+3.1 mL/kg/min, P < 0.001). Decreases in NFS (-0.50 units, P = 0.025) and MetS z-score (-1.4 units, P = 0.007) and the increment in VO2max (3.3 mL/kg/min, P < 0.001) were significantly larger in the HIIT than in the CON group. In conclusion, only 28 min of HIIT per week can elicit significant improvements in NFS and a several cardiometabolic health indices in obese MetS patients with increased NFS grades. Our results underscore the importance of exercise in NAFLD and MetS treatment and suggest that our low-volume HIIT protocol can be regarded as viable alternative to more time-consuming exercise programs.

Effects of low intensity interval training on physiological variables of university students

Background and Study Aim. This study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity interval training on the physiological variables of university students.&#x0D; Material and Methods. Forty male sports science students aged 18-25 years were randomly assigned to the Experimental group (n=20) and the Control group (n=20). The Experimental group underwent low-intensity interval training for eight weeks, whereas the Control group did not. Measurements of physiological variables such as resting heart rate, respiratory rate, recovery heart rate, breath-hold time, maximal oxygen uptake, and blood pressure were obtained for all subjects before and after the intervention. To compare the mean physiological variables between the experimental and control groups, an independent samples t-test was used.&#x0D; Results. Statistical significance was set at p 0.05. After the training intervention, the experimental group showed significantly better improvements than the control group in resting heart rate, respiratory rate, recovery heart rate, breath-holding time, maximal oxygen uptake, and blood pressure (p 0.05). Post intervention maximum oxygen uptake was statistically significant with t (38) = 3.086, p value 0.004. Post experiment systolic blood pressure was statistically significant with t (38) = -2.405, p value 0.021 for low intensity interval training and control group. Post experiment diastolic blood pressure was statistically highly significant with t (38) = 0.569, p value 0.001 for low intensity interval training and control group. The result of the study showed that there was a significant difference in post rest heart rate, respiratory rate, recovery heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, breath holding and maximal oxygen uptake between the low intensity interval training and the control group (p 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusions. Thus, it was concluded that eight weeks of low-intensity interval training show significant improvement in physiological variables of university students.

Efficacy of high-intensity interval- or continuous aerobic-training on insulin resistance and muscle function in adults with metabolic syndrome: a clinical trial.

We carried out a randomized, clinical trial in adults of both sexes with metabolic syndrome (MS) to assess the efficacy of high-intensity, low-volume interval training (HIIT) compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on insulin resistance (IR), muscle mass, muscle activation, and serum musclin. Fasting glycemia, insulinemia, and glycated haemoglobin were determined by conventional methods, IR by Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), lean mass by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, muscle activation through carnosine by Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, and musclin by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay before and after a supervised, three-times/week, 12-week treadmill programme. HIIT (n = 29) consisted of six intervals with one-minute, high-intensity phases at 90% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). MICT (n = 31) trained at 60% of VO2peak for 30min. Patients had a mean age of 50.8 ± 6.0years, body mass index of 30.6 ± 4.0kg/m2, and VO2peak of 29.0 ± 6.3mL.kg-1.min-1. Compared to MICT, HIIT was not superior at reducing Ln HOMA-IR (adjusted mean difference: 0.083 [95%CI - 0.092 to 0.257]), carnosine or musclin or at increasing thigh lean mass. HIIT increased carnosine by 0.66mmol/kg.ww (95% CI 0.08-1.24) after intervention. Both interventions reduced IR, body fat percentage and increased total lean mass/height2 and VO2peak. Musclin showed a non-significant reduction with a small effect size after both interventions. Compared to MICT, HIIT is not superior at reducing IR, carnosine or musclin or at increasing skeletal muscle mass in adults with MS. Both training types improved IR, muscle mass and body composition. NCT03087721, March 22nd, 2017. NCT03087721. Registered March 22nd, 2017.

Safety of High-Intensity, Low-Volume Interval Training or Continuous Aerobic Training in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety of high-intensity, low-volume interval training (HIIT-low volume) compared with moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MICT) in adults with metabolic syndrome. This is a controlled, randomized, clinical trial in patients without history of ischemic heart disease or diabetes, who underwent a supervised, 3 sessions/week, 12-week treadmill exercise program. The HIIT-low volume (n = 29) sessions consisted of 6 intervals with 1-minute, high-intensity phases at 90% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). The MICT (n = 31) trained at 60% of VO2peak for 30 minutes. A new approach to record and classify all clinical events according to possible causality based on Naranjo's algorithm was developed. Patients were 50.8 ± 6.0 years old, 70% women, with body mass index of 30.6 ± 4.0 kg/m2 and VO2peak of 29.0 ± 6.3 mL·kg-1·min-1. In total, 60 clinical events were recorded in the HIIT-low volume group and 48 in the MICT group, with 59.3% classified as general disease. Only 21 events were classified as adverse reactions possibly related to exercise, without any serious adverse reactions. Both interventions had a similar incidence of musculoskeletal events (incidence rate ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.8), but HIIT-low volume had a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (incidence rate ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 0.4-22.8) after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (HIIT-low volume: chest pain [n = 1] and symptoms of venous insufficiency of lower limbs [n = 2]; MICT: chest pain [n = 1]). The HIIT-low volume and MICT are safe in patients with metabolic syndrome. We recommend a muscle-conditioning program prior to both and to avoid HIIT-low volume in treadmill in patients with venous insufficiency of the lower limbs.Trial registration number NCT03087721.

Effects of Exercise Training Intensity on Plasma Levels of Creatinine Kinas After a Myocardial Infarction in Male Wistar Rats

Background: The creatine phosphokinase-MB (CPK-MB) isoenzyme level is useful in determining the myocardial infarction (MI) extent and time. Evidence indicates the possible effect of exercise training on reducing the amount of CPK-MB, but the proper intensity of exercise is still unclear. Objectives: In this study the effect of intensity of exercise training on creatinine kinas after a myocardial infarction in plasma levels of male Wistar rats was comparing. Methods: Thirty two male Wistar rats at 10 weeks of age were divided in to four groups [low (N = 8), moderate (N = 8), and high (N = 8) intensity interval training and a control (N = 8) group (no exercise)]. Six weeks later, rats became MI patients through surgery. CPK-MB plasma levels were investigated before training, immediately after training for six weeks as well as 12 hours after MI. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measure and Tukey (α ≥ 0.05). Results: The results showed that changes in CK enzyme at 12 hours after MI in LIIT (113.88 ± 19.25), MIIT (135.88 ± 35.58) and HIIT (105.75 ± 19.05) were statistically significant compared to the control group (124.62 ± 23.41) only in 12 hours after MI and this reduction in the low-intensity interval training group was significant than the other two groups (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: In this study, six weeks of interval training with each intensity was likely to make cardiac cells resistant to necrosis resulting in low levels of the CPK-MB enzyme compared to the control group after the myocardial infarction event.

Effects of very low volume high intensity versus moderate intensity interval training in obese metabolic syndrome patients: a randomized controlled study

Physical activity is a cornerstone in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Given the leading physical activity barrier of time commitment and safety concerns about vigorous exercise in high-risk groups, this study aimed to investigate the effects of two extremely time-efficient training protocols (< 30 min time effort per week), either performed as high- (HIIT) or moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) over 12 weeks, in obese MetS patients. In total, 117 patients (49.8 ± 13.6 years, BMI: 38.2 ± 6.2 kg/m2) were randomized to HIIT (n = 40), MIIT (n = 37) or an inactive control group (n = 40). All groups received nutritional counseling to support weight loss. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), MetS severity (MetS z-score), body composition and quality of life (QoL) were assessed pre-and post-intervention. All groups significantly reduced body weight (~ 3%) but only the exercise groups improved VO2max, MetS z-score and QoL. VO2max (HIIT: + 3.1 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001; MIIT: + 1.2 mL/kg/min, p < 0.05) and MetS z-score (HIIT: − 1.8 units, p < 0.001; MIIT: − 1.2 units, p < 0.01) improved in an exercise intensity-dependent manner. In conclusion, extremely low-volume interval training, even when done at moderate intensity, is sufficiently effective to improve cardiometabolic health in obese MetS patients. These findings underpin the crucial role of exercise in the treatment of obesity and MetS.

HIIT the Road Jack: An Exploratory Study on the Effects of an Acute Bout of Cardiovascular High-Intensity Interval Training on Piano Learning.

Pairing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with motor skill acquisition may improve learning of some implicit motor sequences (albeit with some variability), but it is unclear if HIIT enhances explicit learning of motor sequences. We asked whether a single bout of HIIT after non-musicians learned to play a piano melody promoted better retention of the melody than low-intensity interval training (LIIT). Further, we investigated whether HIIT facilitated transfer of learning to a new melody. We generated individualized exercise protocols by having participants (n = 25) with little musical training undergo a graded maximal exercise test (GXT) to determine their cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and maximum power output (Wmax). In a subsequent session, participants practiced a piano melody (skill acquisition) and were randomly assigned to a single bout of HIIT or LIIT. Retention of the piano melody was tested 1 hour, 1 day, and 1 week after skill acquisition. We also evaluated transfer to learning a new melody 1 week after acquisition. Pitch and rhythm accuracy were analyzed with linear mixed-effects modeling. HIIT did not enhance sequence-specific retention of pitch or rhythmic elements of the piano melody, but there was modest evidence that HIIT facilitated transfer to learning a new melody. We tentatively conclude that HIIT enhances explicit, task-general motor consolidation.

Speeding of oxygen uptake kinetics is not different following low-intensity blood-flow-restricted and high-intensity interval training.

What is the central question of this study? Can interval blood-flow-restricted (BFR) cycling training, undertaken at a low intensity, promote a similar adaptation to oxygen uptake ( ) kinetics to high-intensity interval training? What is the main finding and its importance? Speeding of pulmonary on-kinetics in healthy young subjects was not different between low-intensity interval BFR training and traditional high-intensity interval training. Given that very low workloads are well tolerated during BFR cycle training and speed on-kinetics, this training method could be used when high mechanical loads are contraindicated. Low-intensity blood-flow-restricted (BFR) endurance training is effective to increase aerobic capacity. Whether it speeds pulmonary oxygen uptake ( ), CO2 output ( ) and ventilatory ( ) kinetics has not been examined. We hypothesized that low-intensity BFR training would reduce the phase2 time constant (τp ) of , and by a similar magnitude to traditional high-intensity interval training (HIT). Low-intensity interval training with BFR served as a control. Twenty-four participants (25±6years old; maximal 46±6mlkg-1 min-1 ) were assigned to one of the following: low-intensity BFR interval training (BFR; n=8); low-intensity interval training without BFR (LOW; n=7); or high-intensity interval training without BFR (HIT; n=9). Training was 12 sessions of two sets of five to eight×2min cycling and 1min resting intervals. LOW and BFR were conducted at 30% of peak incremental power (Ppeak ), and HIT was at ∼103% Ppeak . For BFR, cuffs were inflated on both thighs (140-200mmHg) during exercise and deflated during rest intervals. Six moderate-intensity step transitions (30% Ppeak ) were averaged for analysis of pulmonary on-kinetics. Both BFR (pre- versus post-training τp =18.3±3.2 versus 14.5±3.4s; effect size=1.14) and HIT (τp =20.3±4.0 versus 13.1±2.9s; effect size=1.75) reduced the τp (P<0.05). As expected, there was no change in LOW ( τp =17.9±6.2 versus 17.7±4.3s; P=0.9). The kinetics of and were speeded only after HIT (38.5±10.6%, P<0.001 and 31.2±24.7%, P=0.004, respectively). Both HIT and low-intensity BFR training were effective in speeding moderate-intensity kinetics. These data support the findings of others that low-intensity cycling training with BFR increases muscle oxidative capacity.