Low Health Risk Research Articles

Health risk assessment of dietary aflatoxin B1 exposure in common food matrices in Vietnam

AbstractAflatoxins, potent carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus species, persist in various foods, posing significant health risks upon consumption. This study assesses dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure in Vietnam using Margin of Exposure (MOE) and Hazard Index (HI) to evaluate risk levels in peanuts, chili powder, corn, and raisins. AFB1 levels were quantified by UPLC-FLD. AFB1 was detected in 71.5% of chili powder, 29.3% of peanuts, and 26.0% of corn samples, with no detectable levels in raisins. Peanuts and corn kernels were classified as high-risk, with MOE values below 10,000 (peanuts: 25.8–56.6; corn: 42.3–92.6) and HI values exceeding 1, potentially contributing to 20.4–44.7 and 12.5–27.3 liver cancer cases per 100,000 adults, respectively. In contrast, chili powder had MOE values between 3,208 and 7,021 and HI below 1, indicating a low public health risk. Raisins were deemed safe with MOE over 200,000 and HI at 0.01. Results also indicated higher cancer risk for women and lean individuals consuming the same AFB1 levels. These findings underscore the need for focused risk management strategies to mitigate AFB1 exposure and protect public health in Vietnam.

Heavy metals concentration and human health risk assessment in selected shrimp species of Pakistan

ABSTRACT Heavy metal pollution in marine organisms poses a significant threat to both ecosystems and human health. Dumping untreated sewage into the sea pollutes coastal waters with toxic metals. This study examined the levels of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) in three shrimp species of genus Penaeus i.e. Penaeus merguiensis, Penaeus monodon, and Penaeus indicus. The findings revealed that the average levels of arsenic, lead, and mercury were considerably higher than the legislative limits. Furthermore, chromium and lead levels remained consistent across shrimp species, while other metals exhibited significant variation. Additionally, THQ and HI values were below the limit of 1, indicating low health risks from consuming shrimp species from this area. However, sustained monitoring and research are essential to protect consumer health and ensure long-term sustainability of seafood resources.

Coronary Artery Disease Management in Ho Chi Minh City: The Role of Self-Care and Disease Knowledge in Reducing Health Risks

In order to avoid cardiac complications, patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) should the effect of self-care agency on health risk behaviors. Coronary artery engage in heart-healthy behaviors. Therefore, it is presumed that individuals have acquired self-care agency and a thorough understanding of their disease. Therefore, we investigated the associations between healthy affect, Self-Care, Disease Knowledge to improve their Health Risks status of patient. A descriptive-correlational design involving patients with having coronary artery disease (CAD) and being treated in Ho Chi Minh City. The participants (N =191) who living in Binh Chanh, Nha Be, Can Gio and answer questionnaires which included Exercise in Self-care Agency scale (ECSA), Health Behavior Scale (HBS) and the Baecke questionnaire. The Linear regression correlation coefficient analysis, and computed r was applied this study. Result showed significant predictive relationships between self-care agency, disease-related knowledge, and health risk behaviors. Higher levels of self-care agency and disease-related knowledge were associated with lower health risk behaviors. Gender, marital status, and specific health conditions like hypertension and stroke also played significant roles in influencing health risk behaviors. Mediation analysis further revealed that disease-related knowledge partially mediates disease, self-care, health knowledge, health behavior.

A green synthesis strategy for liquid microcapsule flame-retardant polyurethane foam: Lowering consumer health risks from flame retardant inhalation and ensuring long-lasting fire safety

Dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), is widely used in the production of commercial flexible polyurethane foam due to its excellent fire-retardant properties and the low addition levels required. However, in daily use, the volatility and migration of this liquid fire retardant reduce its fire safety performance and pose significant health risks. To address this issue, we employed interfacial polymerization facilitated by ultraviolet light-induced triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) cross-linking at the water-oil interface to rapidly encapsulate DMMP. Incorporating TAIC@DMMP microcapsules into FPUF composites effectively suppressed DMMP emissions, maintaining low health and fire safety risks. These microcapsules act as sprinkler heads within each FPUF cell, rupturing during flame propagation. This release of phosphorus-containing radicals significantly enhances fire safety, reducing the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) by approximately 47% and 33%, respectively. The TAIC@DMMP microcapsule FPUF composite material exhibited excellent fire safety performance after 28 years of long-term aging simulated in an oven, passing the vertical burning test. In an environment simulating a 60 °C heat source, the TAIC@DMMP microcapsule FPUF composite material significantly reduced the release of DMMP, lowering the carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk by approximately 80 times and 100 times, respectively. This study presents a method for preparing FPUF composites that balance fire safety and environmental health, offering a valuable reference for further research on flame-retardant materials in environmental safety.

Source identification and human health risk to polychlorinated biphenyls in public parks and playground surface soils, southern zone of Ghana.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) constitute a typical example of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that have been detected globally in most environmental media. Soil serves as a critical reservoir for PCBs. This research is aimed at evaluating the potential exposure and associated health risks posed by soil-laden PCBs to humans during outdoor activities on public playgrounds and parks within the southern zone of Ghana where limited studies have been undertaken. Surface soils collected from 56 sites were processed and analyzed for seven indicator PCBs in soil particle sizes less than 63µm. A multi-residual analytical approach for the simultaneous analysis of PCBs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was utilized. The results indicated that the concentration of PCBs ranged from 0.26 to 24.00µg/kg with an average total concentration of 1.86 ± 3.23µg/kg which is below the environment guideline threshold of 1.3mg/kg stipulated by the Canadian Council of Ministers for residential playgrounds/parkland soils. Multivariate analysis showed that the sources of the PCBs could be attributed predominantly to historical release, atmospheric transfer, and deposition. The excess lifetime cancer risks posed to children and adults are less than 10-6 thereby implying the existence of low carcinogenic health risk to the human populace within the southern zone of Ghana. Thus, the conduct of outdoor activities at the public playgrounds/parks within these highly populated areas poses no significant risk to human health.

Bioinsecticides based on neem (Azadirachta indica) and rue (Ruta graveolens) against Agrotis ipsilon

Agrotis ipsilon is an important pest of several crops, where it causes damage to various parts of the plant such as stems, roots, leaves and tubers. Due to the growing demand for controlling these pests, there is a constant need for new products as the organisms acquire resistance after continuous contact. And this also generates a demand for bioinsecticides, which normally pose a lower health risk and are less harmful to the environment. Among the plants commonly used as insecticides are neem and rue, which have already been studied for several pests, although never together. This work aimed to determine the insecticidal activity of a natural insecticide derived from a mixture of neem and rue, commonly used in the region of Senhor do Bonfim-BA against A. ipsilon. Four different solutions were prepared, containing a) 20 neem leaves, 10 rue leaves and 5 A. ipsilon caterpillars, b) 20 neem leaves and 10 rue leaves, c) 20 neem leaves and d) 10 rue leaves. Water was tested as control. In the tests carried out, both the mixture popularly used in the region, containing neem, rue, and A. ipsilon caterpillars, as well as the solution containing only neem and rue had good results, killing all caterpillars in 72 hours. Isolated plant extracts did not obtain good results, only delaying the formation of pupae for neem extracts. Therefore, the mixture of Neem and Rue showed good insecticidal potential against A. ipsilon, with much higher activity than its isolated components.

Photochemical Action of Far‐UVC Radiation (222 nm) in Wastewater Treatment and Indoor Air Disinfection

AbstractUltraviolet‐ C irradiation can effectively disinfect various pathogens present in air, surfaces, and water. Various recent research studies suggest use of KrCl* (krypton‐chloride) excimer lamps to disinfect high‐risk public spaces having pathogenic bateria and viruses, as they emit Far‐UVC radiation (222 nm) with lower health risks than germicidal UVC (254 nm). The purification of water and air having pollutants and pathogens is a critical challenge in environmental protection and public health assurance. Far‐UVC excimer lamps (222 nm) have shown potential in decontaminating various organic pollutants, however, their efficacy against inorganic pollutants present in wastewater and indoor air as well as associated chemistry requires further investigations for wider acceptance. This review examines various photochemical action of Far‐UVC radiation (222 nm) in wastewater treatment and indoor air disinfection, elaborating their potential for inorganic pollutant removal in wastewater as well as challenges associated with their application in disinfection of indoor air.

Spatial distribution and risk assessment of perchlorate in raw cow milk from China

Perchlorate is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant worldwide, recognized as an emerging thyroid toxicant. This study focused on the pollution status, spatial distribution, possible sources of perchlorate in raw cow milk collected from 155 dairy farms in China, as well as the health risk of exposure to perchlorate through dairy products. The results showed that the detection rate of perchlorate in raw milk was 100% with the mean of 15.9 μg/kg, indicating the ubiquitous contamination of perchlorate in raw milk from China. The simulation of spatial distributions indicated that the levels of perchlorate in raw milk were spatially correlated, and relatively high levels of perchlorate exist in certain parts of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, and Zhejiang, suggesting potential environmental perchlorate contamination in these regions. A positive correlation was found between the perchlorate level in milk and the perchlorate level in feed, indicating the transfer process of perchlorate from feed to milk. The hazard quotient (HQ) values of exposure to perchlorate by dairy products ranged between 0 and 2.14, with the mean of 0.0188 and P95 of 0.101, indicating relatively low health risk to perchlorate through dairy products. To our knowledge, this is the first nationwide study on the spatial distribution and risk assessment of perchlorate in raw cow milk from China.

Quantitative tracing of typical herbicides and their metabolites in sorghum agrosystems for fate tendency and cumulative risk

Elucidating the combined exposure of agrochemicals is essential for safeguarding human health and agroecosystem safety. A rapid and high-sensitivity UHPLC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous quantification of nine compounds in sorghum by an assembly-line optimization process with a limit of quantitation of 0.001 mg/kg. The concentration variation of atrazine, quinclorac, fluroxypyr-meptyl and metabolites was reflected by terminal magnitudes of ≤0.0665 mg/kg. Additionally, atrazine was dealkylated to deethyl atrazine and desethyl desisopropyl atrazine at concentrations of 0.0014–0.0058 mg/kg during the sorghum harvest. Acceptable health hazardous of atrazine and quinclorac for all life cycle populations were comparatively assessed via deterministic and probabilistic models, in which atrazine gained an 83.55 % share of cumulative dietary risks. Rural residents had significantly higher risks than urban residents, and children were the most sensitive group. Despite the low health risks, combined exposure to herbicides and their metabolites should be continuously stressed, given their cumulative amplification effects.

Microplastic and associated emerging contaminants in marine fish from the South China Sea: Exposure and human risks

Microplastics can act as vectors of chemical contaminants in aquatic environments, but the extent to which this phenomenon contributes to chemical exposure in marine organisms remains poorly understood. We investigated the occurrence of microplastics and emerging contaminants (ECs), including antibiotics and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in 14 marine fish species. Microplastics were detected in all marine fish species, mainly in the gastrointestinal tract. Fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines were the dominant antibiotics in fish muscles with maximum concentrations of 24.84 and 26.95 ng g−1 ww, while perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS, 0.039–0.95 ng g−1 ww) was the dominant component in the PFAS profile. Fish with more microplastics had significantly higher concentrations of fluoroquinolones and perfluoroalkyl acids than fish with less microplastics (p < 0.05), but the correlation was not observed in other chemicals. Structural equation modeling revealed the contribution of microplastics in fish on the level of ECs contamination. The health quotient value indicated the low health risk of single compounds via fish consumption to humans; however, the combined risk of microplastics and ECs still needs to be considered. This work highlights the link between microplastics with associated ECs ingested by aquatic organisms and the human health risk of consuming polluted seafood.

Psychomodulatory substances: New legislative framework for control of psychoactive substances in Czechia

This article challenges drug prohibition advocated by UN conventions as the prevailing regulatory model for psychoactive substances, highlighting its ineffectiveness, harmfulness and outdated nature. At the same time, the conventions exclude some psychoactive substances from international regulation, leaving control to individual countries. Presenting an innovative approach, this article outlines an approach to the legal regulation of psychomodulatory substances (psychoactive substances with low health and societal risk) in non-medical contexts. Acknowledging the potential benefits of such psychoactive substances and balancing them with potential harms, it suggests stringent rules for marketing, safety, and preventing sales to minors. This approach aims to quell illicit markets, safeguard vulnerable populations, and encourage controlled use. Through a case study of the Czech Republicʼs introduction of a new category of psychomodulatory substances, this article showcases a paradigm shift from the prevailing repressive approach to drug regulation. This adaptive model effectively navigates the regulatory void, offering a viable alternative to the UNʼs prohibition framework.

Investigation of insecticide residues in fig and health risk assessment

This study aimed to detect insecticide, acaricide, and nematicide residues in 92 fresh and 50 dried fig samples collected from locations with intensive fig, Ficus carica L. (Rosales: Moraceae) production in Aydın, Türkiye in 2022. The analysis method was validated according to SANTE 11312/2021 guidelines. The recoveries ranged between 70% and 120%, with repeatability (RSDr) and within-laboratory reproducibility (RSDwR) ≤ 20% and expanded measurement uncertainties below 50% for all insecticides indicating satisfactory analytical performance. In total, 114 different insecticides were screened, revealing residues in 27 samples. Bifenazate was detected in 13 samples, etoxazole in 3 samples, spiromesifen in 5 samples, and both bifenazate and spiromesifen in 6 samples. No detectable residues were found in the dried fig samples. All samples in which bifenazate was detected were above the European Union Maximum Residue Limits (EU-MRL). Etoxazole and spiromesifen, unauthorized in figs, showed etoxazole residues above EU-MRLs, while spiromesifen residues were below EU-MRLs. The acute and chronic health risk indices for the insecticides were found to be below 1, indicating low health risks associated with fig consumption. The risk assessment suggests that fig consumption is safe for consumers.

Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in interior dust from college campus.

Contamination of college campus dust with heavy metals and the calculation of their ecological and health risks to the students and staff did not receive much attention except in recent years. This study aims to assess the ecological and human health risks of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in interior dust of College of Science/University campus. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was utilized to estimate the samples that were collected from 46 locations of the college campus including: classrooms, offices, and laboratories. The Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn metals in the interior dust of the College of Science pose low potential ecological risk, whereas Cd generates medium potential ecological risk. The gained results showed that the student and staff of the College are exposed to low non-cancerous health risks (HI < 1) caused by Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in interior dust. The total lifetime carcinogenic risks (TLCR) of Cd, Cr, and Pb are within the acceptable safe limit (10-6-10-4). The low non-carcinogenic health risks of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn and that the carcinogenic health risks of Cd, Cr and Pb fall within acceptable safe limits, measured in the interior dust of the campus of the College of Science, does not mean neglecting the continuous assessment of those risks.

An investigation of the mechanical strength, environmental impact and economic analysis of nano alkali-activated composite

The current study explores both the mechanical strength and life cycle assessments of fly ash (FA)-based alkali-activated concrete (AAC) with/without colloidal nano-silica (NS) addition at high and low molar concentrations of sodium hydroxide in the activator fluid (12 M and 3 M). The cradle-to-gate approach is used to establish the system boundaries for life cycle assessments (LCA). The environmental impact of AAC (with/without NS) and conventional cement concrete (CC) mixtures was determined using the ReCiPe midpoint and endpoint approaches across various impact categories. The AAC mixes with and without NS addition reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 30 % and 25 % with respect to CC mix, respectively. Within the majority of impact categories, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide production are the primary contributors, accounting for up to 91 %. However, in water depletion, global warming potential, and fuel depletion, the overall contribution is as high as 65 %. Also, the AAC mix with and without NS addition consumes 34 % and 14 % less electricity during its production with respect to the CC mixture. The CC mixes have almost 70 % more ecological damage and approximately 30 % more health risk than AAC with and without NS. However, the NS-modified AAC shows 20 % lower ecological and health risks than AAC without NS. The effect of resource scarcity on NS modified AAC is 50 % less than that of other mixes, including both AAC mix without NS and CC mix. In comparison to AAC without NS, the NS modified AAC demonstrates an 18 % reduced impact on resource scarcity. Finally, cost analysis demonstrates that AAC with NS is 16 % less expensive than CC, while AAC without NS is 26 % cheaper than CC. AAC containing 6 % NS inclusions exhibits environmental and economic benefits in addition to its enhanced mechanical performance, indicating its potential for widespread practical usage.

Prospect and Challenges of Litchi Cultivation in Northeast Region of India

The dynamics of pests affecting litchi crops have undergone changes over time, with litchi mites and bugs becoming less economically significant. However, insect pest infestations have emerged as a major constraint, causing substantial economic losses for growers. Litchi trees need to complete their post-harvest vegetative flush in a timely manner to produce a second flush in winter, which will then flower. Litchi fruit is highly perishable and temperature-sensitive, making it difficult to transport to distant markets without adequate cool chain infrastructure. The cumulative effect of biotic and abiotic factors compromises the agricultural value of this cash crop. Investigating natural defense mechanisms in litchi may uncover opportunities to enhance or induce antifungal compounds through defense elicitors. Further research could explore the applicability of these techniques in other countries, although registration issues may arise. Alternatively, other chemicals with similar benefits and lower health risks could be investigated. Additionally, the long-term effects of cincturing on fruit set and tree health warrant further investigation.

Dissipation and Dietary Risk Assessment of the Fungicide Pyraclostrobin in Apples Using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

The fungicide pyraclostrobin is the main measure used to control apple alternaria blotch in production. To evaluate the potential dietary risks for consumers, the dissipation and terminal residues of pyraclostrobin were investigated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Pyraclostrobin in apples was extracted by acetonitrile with 2% ammonia and then purified using primary secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB). The method showed good linearity within the concentration range of 0.005-0.1 mg L-1, with a coefficient of determination (R2) ≥ 0.9958. The recoveries ranged from 96.0% to 103.8%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 0.8% and 2.3%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.01 mg kg-1. Pyraclostrobin dispersible oil suspension was applied in 12 apple fields across China according to good agricultural practices (GAPs). In Beijing and Shandong, the dissipation of pyraclostrobin followed first-order kinetic equations, with a half-life of 11 days. The terminal residues ranged from <0.01 to 0.09 mg kg-1. The national estimated daily intake (NEDI) of pyraclostrobin was compared with the acceptable daily intake (ADI), resulting in risk quotient (RQc) of 80.8%. These results suggest that pyraclostrobin poses a low health risk to consumers under GAP conditions and according to recommended dosages.

Risk Assessment of Pulegone in Foods Based on Benchmark Dose-Response Modeling.

This study presents a new risk assessment of pulegone, a substance classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The analysis used data from a two-year carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) in 2011. Because of the absence of a no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in these studies, the benchmark dose (BMD) approach was employed as an alternative risk assessment method. The lowest BMD lower confidence level (BMDL) of 4.8 mg/kg b.w./day among the eight endpoints served as the point of departure for calculating an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 48 μg/kg b.w./day. This new ADI is significantly lower than the previously established tolerable daily intake of 0.1 mg/kg b.w./day set in 1997. The analysis also considered various genotoxicity studies, which indicate that pulegone's effects follow a nongenotoxic, thresholded mechanism. The estimated intake levels of pulegone in the European Union and USA were below the newly calculated ADI, suggesting a low health risk based on current consumption patterns.

Temporal variations in airborne PCDD/F and dl-PCB concentrations surrounding the dioxin-remediated areas in Da Nang, Vietnam, and health risk assessments.

The air pollution levels from polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (dl-PCBs) in three residential areas located north, west, and south of the Da Nang airport were determined by using passive air samplers containing polyurethane foam (PUF) discs with 3-month sampling intervals from 2017 to 2020. The total toxic equivalents (∑TEQs) of the PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, using WHO2005-TEFs, were highest north of the airport (134 to 10610fg WHO-TEQ/PUF day, with an average of 1108fg WHO-TEQ/PUF day). The ∑TEQs were lower west of the airport, between 159 and 381fg WHO-TEQ/PUF day and averaged 230fg WHO-TEQ/PUF day. The lowest ∑TEQs occurred south of the airport, with ranges of 76 and 331fg WHO-TEQ/PUF day and an average of 152fg WHO-TEQ/PUF day. Construction activities, including excavation and transportation of dioxin-contaminated soil north of the airport, have increased airborne PCDD/F and dl-PCB contamination and health risks. The average daily doses of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs through inhalation (ADDA) for residents located north of the airport were the highest (10.9 to 3434fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day and average: 597fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day). Residents located west of the airport faced lower health risks (13-123fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day and average: 39fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day). Residents south of the airport were exposed to a minimum of 6.2-107fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day, with an average of 28fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day. The maximum and average ADDA values for residents north of the airport exceeded 10% of the tolerable daily intake (TDI) recommended by the WHO (100-400fg WHO-TEQ/kg BW/day). In comparison, all the ADDA values for residents located west and south of the airport were less than and within 10% of the TDI.

Social and emotional competencies in Portuguese incarcerated males: psychometric properties of the SEC-Q questionnaire and their relation to health risk behaviors

This study departs from the acknowledged absence of validated measures to assess social and emotional competencies in incarcerated individuals. This is a critical gap given that most available programs aimed at fostering prosocial behavior and reducing antisocial behaviors are theoretically based on enhancing these competencies. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Social and Emotional Competencies Questionnaire (SEC-Q) in a sample of 219 Portuguese incarcerated males (M age = 37.21 years, SD = 10.61), and to explore the impact of the SEC-Q dimensions on health risk behaviors in this population. The study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the factor structure of the SEC-Q. The four-factor model fitted well to the data (SB χ2 = 267.75; df = 120; Robust CFI = 0.99; Robust RMSEA = 0.06), and, as expected, it includes four dimensions: self-awareness, self-management and motivation, social awareness and prosocial behavior, and decision-making. The four dimensions showed appropriate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 74–81; McDonald’s omega = 75–82). Additionally, social and emotional competencies were related to higher self-control (rs=0.45, p <.01) and lower health risk behaviors (rs = − 0.25, p <.01), supporting convergent and divergent validity. Findings from the negative binomial regression suggest that higher social awareness and prosocial behavior is related to less health risk behaviors among incarcerated males. This study is a pivotal step to promote an affordable and valid measure to assess social and emotional competencies among Portuguese justice-involved males. SEC-Q can be an important complementary measure for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions aimed at preventing criminal recidivism.

Determination and safety evaluation of metal element contents of Oviductus Ranae produced from &lt;i&gt;Rana dybowskii&lt;/i&gt; by pond culture–forest grazing relay model in Heilongjiang Province, China

The aquatic products of grazing ecological culture exhibit a strong reliance on the production environment system, which may result in heavy metal contamination. In this study, 24 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Tl, U, V, Zn) were determined for Oviductus Ranae (OR) from more than 1,000 individuals of Rana dybowskii produced by pond culture–forest grazing relay mode from six major production areas in Heilongjiang Province, China. Furthermore, we assessed the associated health risks. Our findings indicate that most of these 24 metal elements were detected in OR at a detection rate of 100%, with the exceptions being As (98.0%), Ga (98.0%), Co (98.0%), V (94.0%), Cd (89.0%), Pb (76.0%), Cs (74.0%), Tl (35.0%), and U (not detectable). Variations in element concentrations were significant across the six sampling sites, with characteristic elements identified to account for spatial differences. The total target hazard quotient was determined to be 0.152 in Heilongjiang Province, thereby suggesting a relatively low health risk associated with consuming OR from this region’s production systems according to existing standards and guidelines. Nevertheless, special attention is needed for monitoring the habitat environments of R. dybowskii from two sampling locations showing heightened pollution levels.