This research is focused on the much-debated issues regarding the low degree of efficiency and sustainability in the construction industry. The objective of this work is to present an evaluation of the efficiency and sustainability of buildings, and to determine, based on analyses of socio-economic research and theoretical assumptions, the degree of efficiency of modern methods of construction based on wood. The socio-economic research relies on the reports of users of completed constructions, which allowed a comparison of efficiency as perceived by users with efficiency as declared by manufacturers. The analysed constructions and the opinions of their users were identified in cooperation with various organizations operating in the wood-based construction sector and using databases of buildings already in use. A total of 160 constructions were analysed along with the opinions of their users. This comparison of the efficiency of construction systems in terms of selected sustainability parameters suggests that wood-based panel constructions constructed by a supplier company have the highest degree of efficiency. Constructions completed using a combined construction method are the least efficient (a combination of completion by a supplier firm with do it yourself completion). The work’s main contribution is an innovative approach to evaluating modern methods of construction based on wood by collecting information from users, as users can give the most valuable feedback that is based on their own experience after purchasing their houses. This approach to addressing the issues allowed identification of the advantages and disadvantages of wood-based constructions, which can have a positive impact on the practices and companies in the construction sector. The presented research delivers a number of results produced by the analyses and the socio-economic research, possibly boosting awareness of the advantages of wood-based constructions in terms of sustainability.