Low-carbon Strategies Research Articles

도시공원 진화상의 비판적 고찰을 통한 도시농업공원의 발전 가능성

Urban parks are progressing but are in chaos in the twenty-first century. Therefore the purposes of this study are to consider critically and classify the new paradigm of urban parks. Urban parks are one of the space products, and progressing aspects can be divided into three parts; supply, demand and market aspects. In the abstract, urban parks' progress represents process, openness or voidness, general and cultural ecology, productivity, experience program, identity or sense of place, carriers of urban regeneration, urban infrastructure, community space, multi-layered activity, active space, communication with urban space, tool of low carbon strategy and consilience. But urban parks have come under increased criticism about the long period development on trees growth, covering open space, limitation of general and cultural ecology, production, activity programs, identity and community space, visible urban regeneration, economic validity, urban sprawl, not using as the low carbon strategy, and finally negative consilience with contiguous fields. We collected these critical consideration about progressing urban parks, and proposed urban agricultural park as one of the alternative urban parks. This is closely connected with sustainable region development, low-carbon society, local food, well-being, Lohas paradigm and amenity of urban life.

Performance-based low carbon building technology screening

This article presents methodologies and case studies of low carbon technology screening under different building function and climate conditions. Low carbon technologies are selected under a three-step approach—be lean, be clean and be green. Advanced building physics modeling tools are utilized to study the performance of various low carbon strategies. Among these newly boomed low carbon technologies, renewable technologies are attracting a lot of attentions; however, as a first step, it is crucial that the potentials of the site and the building are maximized. This article illustrates how the performance-based approach is applied in different building sectors. Copyright , Oxford University Press.

Low-carbon and Energy Strategies for the EU The European Commission's Roadmaps: A Sound Agenda for Green Economy?

Renewable energy sources will play a prominent role in Europe's low-carbon economy and energy system in the future. But the European Commission holds reservations against a power sector completely based upon renewable energies because it underestimates their low-cost potential. Even more optimistic results could have been reached if several methodological biases had been avoided. And the potential for greening the economy in Europe could be far bigger. However, political and institutional factors might have influenced the assumptions and methodological choices.

Mediating Low-Carbon Urban Transitions? Forms of Organization, Knowledge and Action

Increasingly at the scale of cities, strategies and plans to respond to the challenges of climate change and constrained resources are being developed. A range of climate change plans, low-carbon strategies, peak oil preparations and so on have been developed, often with ambitious aspirations. At the same time, new and reconstituted “intermediary” organizational forms are working between the priorities of these plans and the contexts of their “application”. This is the movement between the “what” of the plans, strategies and preparations and the priorities they embody and the “how” of attempts at their accomplishment. Drawing on research in Greater Manchester, in this paper we examine the organizational contexts constituted for such a purpose and ask fundamental questions about whose priorities are being advocated, where and how this is organized and what the implications of this are for forms of urban transition.

Research on the Strategies of Earthquake Resistant Materials and Design

The paper discusses the contents of ecological safety strategies in the ecological safety design and the eco-city planning, the strategy of earthquake resistant materials and structural strategy, the appropriate technology, reliable technology and conceptual design of earthquake engineering, the major controllable factor in the ecological safety strategies, and then examines effective planning and design, the relationship between urban life and it’s planning, architectural function and the personal safety problems, selection of appropriate sites and environmentally sustainable site development, etc. In the case of seismic emergency, the best way is to alter public spaces into disaster prevention area, provide enough area for creating disasters prevention strongholds. In addition to these, the article studies the relationship among the urban ecosystem and the building ecosystem, the planning and design integrated ecology, the method of interdisciplinary working. This article also argues the problems of ecological safety strategies in the urban planning and the architecture design, and the main contents of ecological safety strategies under the concept of low-carbon strategy. From a whole urban ecosystem, to a building ecosystem, some strategies of eco-city planning and ecological safety design are studied. It includes the strategies of urban environment and sustainable development under the principle in low-carbon strategy, which is in conflict with rapid economies and ecological conservation.

Temporospatial changes of carbon footprint based on energy consumption in China

Study on regional carbon emission is one of the hot topics under the background of global climate change and low-carbon economic development, and also help to establish different low-carbon strategies for different regions. On the basis of energy consumption and land use data of different regions in China from 1999 to 2008, this paper established carbon emission and carbon footprint models based on total energy consumption, and calculated the amount of carbon emissions and carbon footprint in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. The author also analyzed carbon emission density and per unit area carbon footprint for each region. Finally, advices for decreasing carbon footprint were put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Carbon emissions from total energy consumption increased 129% from 1999 to 2008 in China, but its spatial distribution pattern among different regions just slightly changed, the sorting of carbon emission amount was: Eastern China > Northern China > Central and Southern China > Southwest China > Northwest China. (2) The sorting of carbon emission density was: Eastern China > Northeast China > Central and Southern China > Northern China > Southwest China > Northwest China from 1999 to 2003, but from 2004 Central and Southern China began to have higher carbon emission density than Northeast China, the order of other regions did not change. (3) Carbon footprint increased significantly since the rapid increasing of carbon emissions and less increasing area of productive land in different regions of China from 1999 to 2008. Northern China had the largest carbon footprint, and Northwest China, Eastern China, Northern China, Central and Southern China followed in turn, while Southwest China presented the lowest area of carbon footprint and the highest percentage of carbon absorption. (4) Mainly influenced by regional land area, Northern China presented the highest per unit area carbon footprint and followed by Eastern China, and Northeast China; Central and Southern China, and Northwest China had a similar medium per unit area carbon footprint; Southwest China always had the lowest per unit area carbon footprint. (5) China faced great ecological pressure brought by carbon emission. Some measures should be taken both from reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon absorption.

Inspiration from Green Effect of South Korea’s Low-Carbon Economy Development to China

Low-carbon economics is a new model of economic development in both international and domestic settings as well as the only way for all mankind to deal with climate change and achieve sustainable economic development. In addition to controlling carbon dioxide emissions, the low-carbon economic development model indicates an energy revolution that will fundamentally change production as well as people’s social and economic lifestyle. Low-carbon development has drawn close attention from the international community and has progressed into action in many countries. The world is gradually approaching the low-carbon age for the main purpose of pursing low energy consumption, low emission and high efficiency. The low-carbon economic cooperation aimed at environmental diplomacy is also in the process of active and effective negotiation and implementation. This paper will introduce the low-carbon economic development strategies in South Koreaand the results in practice so far and then summarize the applicable experience and inspiration from the practical significance ofSouth KoreatoChina.

Investigation on Technical Route of Low Carbon Electric Power Industry in Shandong Province

As one of the most developed provinces in China, Shandong has consumed large amount of energy and released a lot of CO2 during the economic development. Moreover, the power industry has consumed more than half of the energy and released the most CO2. In order to explorer the situation of carbon emissions in Shandong province, investigation and demonstration have been done based on the present power structure situation. The investigation and study result indicated that the low carbon development route and strategy in Shandong could be divided into two ways: making full use of the new clean energy and developing power generation technology with high efficient.

Seeking Feasible Low-Carbon Residential Design Strategies According to the Energy Consuming Sources of the Residential Construction

According to Xuanmei Yang and other scholars’ study, space heating and cooling together with water heating consist the majority of domestic energy consumption. This article analyzes the seven aspects of domestic energy consumption by heating or cooling. From the building envelope technology and low-carbon technology aspects, it provides numbers of feasible strategies to attain low-carbon residential design adapting to the energy consuming sources of the residential construction.

Research on the Pedestrian Street System and its Ecological Strategies in the Urban Planning

This article argues the problems of ecological strategies in the planning of pedestrian street system, and the main contents of ecological strategies under the concept of low-carbon strategy. From a whole environmental ecosystem to an urban pedestrian ecosystem, some strategies of pedestrian zone are studied. The paper also discusses the contents of ecological strategies in the ecological design of pedestrian street system, the major controllable factor in the ecological strategies, the pedestrian street ecosystem and the urban spaces, the urban life etc. In addition to these, the article studies the composition of pedestrian street ecosystem, the relationship among the urban ecosystem and the pedestrian ecosystem, the planning and design integrated ecology, the method of interdisciplinary working. System theory is involved in this paper to discuss relevant questions.

The Optimization Strategy in the Design of Container Hostel Buildings

By demonstrating the economical efficiency and environmental friendliness of containers, this paper expatiates the development trend of China’s container buildings at the current stage. Researches and analysis have been conducted during the practice of container hostel virtual design by introducing the design essence of Unité d'Habitation de Marseille. This paper also proposes the low-carbon design strategy in container buildings and states the experimental analysis of wind environment in the container hostels.

Smart green cities: from modernization to resilience?

It is possible to detect a shift in the way we think about environmental issues, in particular climate change, from what academics call ‘ecological modernization’ to what can be termed ‘resilient cities’. This is both a consequence and a cause of city regions emerging as the pragmatic scale of governance. This article will use a case study of Greater Manchester in the northwest of England to show how thinking on the environment was centred around ‘ecological modernization’ with an emphasis on business opportunities associated with a move to a low-carbon economy. It will argue that this approach has been enhanced by a new focus on resilience. The case study will use examples of the Ecocities project, green infrastructure and flood risk to show how a concern for resilience has emerged. It will then revisit the issue of energy to show how the new concerns have influenced the low-carbon strategy.

Urban Agriculture as Low-Carbon Strategy for Cities

Integrating agriculture into urban environment and architectural space, which connects with production, life and ecological systems, will be an integrative strategy for low-carbon city and architecture. This acts as an alternative and even better which amends some missing links of the existing low-carbon strategy. This essay analyzes the necessity and possibility of developing urban agriculture for low-carbon cities and explores low-carbon architectural project, so as to discuss further in the possibility of integrating urban agriculture into cities and buildings.

Low-Carbon Selection Decision for Logistics Enterprises Based on Evolutionary Game under the Supervision of Government

The emission of greenhouse gases leading to global climate warming has caused widespread concern on the part of governments worldwide. As one of the main sources of carbon emissions, modern logistics occupies a unique position for energy saving. But as economic entities, logistics enterprises have no real incentive to implement low-carbon logistics operations, which needs government to stimulate logistics enterprises to implement low-carbon strategy through regulations. Constructed an Evolutionary Game Model for logistics enterprises to implement low-carbon selection decision under the supervision of the government, analyzed the effcts of different regulative parameters on the implementation of low-carbon strategy in logistics business. The results show that government's regulation and strategies play a crucial role in carrying out the low-carbon strategy. Finally, according to different evolution conditions and conclusions, it proposes appropriate supervision strategies for government to promote logistics enterprises to put the low-carbon strategy into effect.

Briefing: Navigating the UK energy funding landscape

The Energy Generation and Supply Knowledge Transfer Network has developed a free online Energy Funding Landscape Navigator which takes users through the energy funding landscape, providing clear guidance on the key public bodies and support mechanisms for UK energy projects. Users can search a live list of energy research, development, demonstration and deployment opportunities and can get help in finding the right partners to build project teams. Developed by the UK Energy Research Centre, the Navigator addresses feedback from the research, development, demonstration and deployment community, which indicated that the myriad of schemes to access public support for energy innovation was confusing and that opportunities were being missed. The Navigator is particularly valuable to smaller technology companies who struggle to keep up to speed with the myriad of support mechanisms in the UK. The Navigator also fulfils an important role to keep up to date with the evolution of the energy innovation landscape as the UK low-carbon energy strategy develops. For example, the Navigator was a central point of information for the energy community for tracking developments after the 2010 comprehensive spending review.

Low-Carbon Strategy with Chinese SMEs

Abstract The paper analyzes the worldwide trend of development low-carbon economy, and points out when facing lowcarbon economy all enterprises have market opportunities. Then this paper researches that Chinese SMEs have necessity and possibility to implement low-carbon strategy. At last the paper points out seven counter measures of implementing low-carbon strategy for Chinese SMEs.

The Analysis of Ecological Ethics in the Low-carbon Economy

Abstract The low-carbon economy, a major advance in human history, is required by the environment in which human beings inhabit. This economic development model, which centers on energy technology innovation, system innovation and the fundamental change of human survival concept, has an obvious orientation of ecological ethics and is in accordance with the requirements of ecological harmony in China's scientific development concept. The low-carbon characteristic of the scientific development concept is a systematic relationship reflected in the social, economic and ecological aspects of coordinated development. These three aspects are complementary with each other, and check each other based on social, economic, ecological sustainability. In a low-carbon economy society, the development of high-tech industry is considered as a strategic goal, enhancing the competitiveness of manufactured products. As a result, the nation should carry out low-carbon industry strategies and the citizens should foster the low-carbon awareness and lead a low-carbon life.

Conceptual Framework of Low Carbon Strategy for Nepal

This paper presents proposed methodologies for carbon mitigation strategy and expected frame for low carbon strategy for Nepal. It deals with the national scenario of energy consumption in different sectors and the share of fuel types in each sector. Based on national energy situation green house gas (GHG) emissions in each area are evaluated. With the use of both fuel types in energy mix, end use energy conversion technology and current GHG trend; potential energy related green house gas mitigation areas are identified. Moreover, non energy related probable GHG reduction areas are also identified. The outcome of this work will facilitate to realize the vision of low carbon society through sustainable development pathway as it helps in formulating a comprehensive strategy and action plan for low carbon strategy for Nepal.

Nuclear Power and Sustainable Energy Policy: Promises and Perils

The challenges and opportunities of nuclear power in meeting the projected large absolute increase in energy demand, especially electricity, throughout the industrialized and developing world, while helping to mitigate the threat of climate change. A significant global nuclear power deployment would engender serious risks related to proliferation, safety, and waste disposal. Unlike renewable sources of energy, nuclear power is an unforgiving technology because human lapses and errors can have ecological and social impacts that are catastrophic and irreversible. However, according to some analysts, advances in the design of nuclear reactors may have reduced their associated risks and improved their performance. Moreover, while a variety of renewable energy sources (hydro, wind, modern biomass, solar) will play important roles in the transition to a low-carbon economy, some analysts perceive that nuclear power is the only proven technology for generating electricity that is both largely carbon-free, not location specific (as with wind, hydro and solar), and amenable to significant scaling up. Thus given the projections of threats from climate change, and if the considerable strain experienced by world energy markets in recent years is a harbinger of things to come, then there is a rationale for examining the pros and cons of nuclear power as a supply option within low-carbon strategies. It should be noted that despite the emerging centrality of climate change and security of supply in the energy policy debate, nuclear power is still viewed with a great deal of skepticism and in fact continues to elicit considerable opposition. Indeed the views on nuclear power in the context of sustainable energy policy are highly divergent. A thorough evaluation of all aspects of the issue is warranted.

Climate co-benefit policies for the Indian power sector: domestic drivers and North—South cooperation

The Indian electricity sector offers the possibility for efficiency improvements across power generation, transmission and end-use of electricity. Three specific climate co-benefit policy options are identified which have significant potential to mitigate CO2 emissions in the Indian power sector: (1) the adoption of clean and efficient coal-based generation technology, (2) upgrading the low-tension (LT) distribution network to a high-voltage distribution system (HVDS), and (3) the adoption of efficient agricultural pump sets. Policy simulations suggest that an agricultural pump set replacement programme could reduce emissions by 5–30% per annum. In addition to improving technical efficiency, this could also help to improve economic efficiency if implemented jointly with electricity metering. The implementation requires the engagement of various stakeholders. The need for up-front capital requirements is a significant barrier for implementation but creates opportunities for international cooperation. Policy relevance: The study identifies three features of an effective approach to realize energy efficiency and lowcarbon opportunities. First, a comprehensive analysis can identify energy savings opportunities along the entire value chain. Second, technical linkages between the quality of the distribution network and the requirements of efficient pumps create benefits from the combined implementation of individual measures. Third, the sharing of energy savings between stakeholders can create political support for actions and can contribute to long-term objectives; for example the delivery of new pumps with electricity meters. This illustrates the benefit of an overall low-carbon development strategy capturing analytical, technological and political links. It allows for the identification of specific transitions and can be implemented with a set of policies and actions that are supported by domestic stakeholders, and can be enhanced if also supported by international support mechanisms.