Lottery Numbers Research Articles

How we helped change the state lottery playslip

Abstract A chat with friends about lottery numbers led one statistician and his dad to contact state lotteries across the USA and set up a unique undergraduate research group. Joseph Rollinson, Matthew McIntosh, Alex Ferguson, Josiah Couch and Bradley Danley recount the story so far

THE APPLICATION OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MODEL TO IMPROVE THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF HISTORY CLASS X SMK PGRI AIR BELITI

This research aims to determine the completensess of the learning outcomes of class X students at SMK PGRI Air Beliti after using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. The method used is a quantitative method with a pseudo-experimental research desing. The population in this study were clas X students consisting of two classes. The sampling technique used was random sampling technique, where the sample was chsen randomly after being given a lottery number and shaken which become the research sample for clas X.B of 28 Students. The data collection technique used was pre-test and post-test using a test in the form of multiple choice questions. Tne analisys requirements testing technique uses a one sample z-test. The results of this study showed the average pre-test scor was 51,71 with a completeness percentage of completeness 0% or none of the students were complete, while the average post-test score was 74,89 with a completion percentage of 78,57% or 22 students completed. The z-table results obtained calculated Z value 3,11) ≥ Z table (2,052). The conclusion is that the application of problem based learning model on the history learning outcommes of class X SMK PGRI Air Beliti is significantly complete.

TortoiseBFT: An asynchronous consensus algorithm for IoT system

Traditional partial synchronous Byzantine fault tolerant (BFT) protocols are confronted with new challenges when applied to large-scale networks like IoT systems, which bring about rigorous demand for the liveness and consensus efficiency of BFT protocols in asynchronous network environments. HoneyBadgerBFT is the first practical asynchronous BFT protocol, which employs a reliable broadcast protocol (RBC) to broadcast transactions and an asynchronous binary agreement protocol (ABA) to determine whether transactions should be committed. DumboBFT is a follow-up proposal that requires fewer instances of ABA and achieves higher throughput than HoneyBadgerBFT, but it does not optimize the communication overhead of HoneyBadgerBFT.In this paper, we propose TortoiseBFT, a high-performance asynchronous BFT protocol with three stages. We can significantly reduce communication overhead by determining the order of transactions first and requesting missing transactions after. Our two-phase transaction recovery mechanism enables nodes to recover missing transactions by seeking help from 2f+1 nodes. To improve the overall throughput of the system, we lower the verification overhead of threshold signatures in HoneyBadgerBFT, DumboBFT, and DispersedLedger from On3 to On2. We develop a node reputation model that selects producers with stable network conditions, which helps to reduce the number of random lotteries. Experimental results show that TortoiseBFT improves system throughput, reduces transaction delays, and minimizes communication overhead compared to HoneyBadgerBFT, DumboBFT, and DispersedLedger.

Lottery Numbers and Ordered Statistics

Lottery Numbers and Ordered Statistics

Dishonesty and Public Employment

We exploit a natural experiment to study the causal link between dishonest behavior and public employment. When military conscription was mandatory in Argentina, eligibility was determined by both a lottery and a medical examination. To avoid conscription, individuals at risk of being drafted had strong incentives to cheat in their medical examination. These incentives varied with the lottery number. Exploiting this exogenous variation, we first present evidence of cheating in medical examinations. We then show that individuals with a higher probability of having cheated in health checks exhibit a higher propensity to occupy nonmeritocratic public sector jobs later in life. (JEL D91, J45, K42, O15)

A Machine Learning and Computer Vision Application to Robustly Extract Winnings from Multiple Lottery Tickets in One Shot

Mega Millions and Powerball are among the most popular American lottery games. This article provides a practical software application that can conveniently examine and evaluate several lottery tickets for prizes using just the images. The application accepts as input a directory containing the images of lottery tickets and utilizes machine learning and computer vision to extract lottery ticket data, lottery name, lottery draw date, 5-digit lottery numbers, 2-digit lottery "ball" numbers, and the lottery multiplier. The application also retrieves winning lottery data that corresponds to the lottery draw date using a public database API. This is compared with data collected from each lottery ticket image to establish matches, and the corresponding prize amount is computed. The current version of the application supports GPU usage, and image orientation has no impact on its functionality. It is believed that a considerable portion of the U.S. public participating in the Powerball and Mega Millions lotteries will find such an application beneficial and handy.

Who Do I (Not) Ask to Play my Lottery? Effects of Perceived Positive and Negative Agency, Communion and Luck on the Illusion of Control by Proxy

The paper investigates the illusion of control by proxy in games of chance - an attempt to exert control by assigning it to others who are perceived as more capable, communable or luckier. Following up on research by Wohl & Enzle, who showed participants’ preference to ask lucky others to play a lottery instead of doing it themselves, we included proxies with positive and negative qualities in the domains of agency and communion, as well good and bad luck. In three experiments (total N = 249) we tested participants’ choices between these proxies and a random number generator in a task consisting of obtaining lottery numbers. We obtained consistent preventative illusions of control (i.e. avoidance of proxies with strictly negative qualities, as well as proxies with positive communion but negative agency), however we observed indifference between proxies with positive qualities and random number generators.

Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Inklusi Keuangan Rumah Tangga Dengan Jaringan Sosial (Network) Sebagai Variabel Moderating


 The research was conducted aiming to determine the effect of financial literacy on household financial inclusion with social networks as a moderating variable for the poor in Blora Regency. This research is a quantitative descriptive research where the research subjects are the poor people of Blora Regency, amounting to 391 respondents. Sampling was carried out using probability sampling with stratified random sampling technique. The process of collecting data is carried out by means of a questionnaire or questionnaire which is distributed to every house that has received a lottery number as a sample. The validity test technique uses the pearson product moment correlation formula. Data analysis used is hierarchical regression using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The research results obtained include. First, financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on the financial inclusion of poor households in Blora Regency. Second, social networks have a positive and significant impact on the financial inclusion of poor households in Blora Regency. Third, social networks strengthen the relationship between financial literacy and the financial inclusion of poor households in Blora Regency.

Which lottery numbers do players play?

Abstract The Irish national lottery went through 62 rollovers during 2021 and 2022 before a winner finally claimed the top prize. James Hanley and Michael Cronin use data from four continents to examine what lies behind lottery droughts, and estimate the most, and least, popular numbers being picked

MINIMIZING THE RISK FACTORS FOR LOW BACK PAIN IN THE CREATIVE INDUSTRY WORKERS

Low back pain (LBP) felt in the anatomical area of ??a person's body is affected by a load or pressure outside the tolerance limit, with various variations in the length of time the pain complaint process occurs. This pain is felt in the lumbar or lumbo-sacral area. Workers in the batik industry may be at risk of LBP caused by work activities, such as bending, repetitive or monotonous movements, using work equipment and a non-ergonomic work environment. This study aims to minimize the risk factors for LBP in batik creative industry workers. The population of this study were all batik artisans in the written batik industry in Wukirsari Village, Imogiri District, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, totaling 1,021 people. The sample of this study was obtained by random sampling, to determine the sample using a lottery number and the name of the batik maker, totaling 60 batik people. The inclusion criteria for the sample of this study included female gender, writing batik work, working sitting using a chair. The sample consisted of a treatment group and a control group, each consisting of 30 batik makers, hereinafter referred to as respondents. The research instruments include: meter, microthoice, scales, chair, batik hurdle, and NBM questionnaire. Ergonomic work chair design for batik size: height of seat holder = 30 cm; length of seat holder = 40 cm; seat width = 37 cm; high back of chair = 43 cm; seat back width = 37 cm. Modification of batik gawangan is to redesign batik gawangan, material from bamboo diameter of about 3 cm, with size: height = 88 cm, width = 158 cm, 4-legged pieces, equipped with 3 watt LED lights. The results of the NBM in the treatment group decreased skeletal muscle complaints into criteria: low 96.7% and moderate 3.3%. The control group had skeletal muscle disorders criteria: low 23.3%, moderate 46.7%, high 20% and very high 10%. While the results of the t-test from the NBM data each of the 30 respondents between the treatment group and the control group, the value of p = 0.000 means that there are significant differences between respondents who use chairs and ergonomic modification modifications with respondents who use dingklik and gawangan which is old. The conclusion is that the use of chairs and modifications of the ergonomic batik wrestling can minimize the risk factors for LBP in the workers of the written batik creative industry

A longitudinal analysis of the hot hand and gambler’s fallacy biases

Abstract Researchers have found evidence of both hot hand and gambler’s fallacy biases in lottery number selection. Which of the two opposite effects is observed is often dependent upon the nature of the lottery game, the particular sample, the local culture of the participants, or the time transpired since the seed event. By observing hundreds of millions of lottery entries over 118 consecutive semiweekly drawings, we present evidence of both effects and their longitudinal properties. With respect to the selection of individual numbers, lottery participants tend to avoid recently selected winning numbers. This gambler’s fallacy effect diminishes and the number becomes increasingly ‘hot’ until it is selected again. With respect to winning number combinations, we found strong evidence of a small but persistent hot hand bias. This bias gradually diminishes over time, but remains detectable and highly consistent for a number of years.

Analysis of the effectiveness of sphenopalatine ganglion block on fentanyl needs in endoscopic endonasal surgery as measured by qNOX score

Introduction: Endoscopic endonasal is one of the technological advances used as a supporting examination for diagnosis and therapy. This procedure is often used to evaluate medical problems of the nose and sinuses, such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery or FESS (functional endoscopic sinus surgery), turbinoplasty, and septoplasty. Surgery can be difficult to manage because there is often bleeding due to the large supply of blood vessels in the sinus area. This study aimed to investigate differences in qNOX scores and fentanyl requirement in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery with sphenopalatine ganglion block. Methods: The total sample was 18 patients, with each treatment 9 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 patients who received sphenopalatine ganglion block with 0.75% ropivacaine and group 2 patients who did not receive a block. The selection of patients in groups 1 or 2 was done randomly (simple random) using lottery numbers and with a single blind. Result: Statistical analysis showed significant differences in intraoperatively in qNOX scores at the 5th, 10th, 15th and 20th minute and the mean qNOX score in the first 1 hour between the control group and the sphenopalatine ganglion block group. Significant differences were also found in fentanyl requirement between the control group and intraoperative sphenopalatine ganglion block, where fentanyl requirement was lower in the treatment group. Conclusion: The sphenopalatine ganglion block is a useful adjunct in patients undergoing endoscopic surgery and may reduce the need for fentanyl. In addition, it can provide a more stable qNOX score

Uncovering bias in order assignment

AbstractTo mitigate sequencing effects in decision‐making, many situations require a set of items to be considered in a random order. When such orderings are repeated, one can test whether randomization indeed obtains, or whether some orderings have been manipulated in order to achieve a favorable result. This paper articulates the key features of this problem and presents three general tests for randomness. These methods are used to analyze the order in which lottery numbers are drawn in Powerball, contestants perform on American Idol, and candidates are placed on election ballots. This last application features frequent manipulation, with potentially serious consequences.

Number 19: Another Victim of the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Conscious selection is the mental process by which lottery players select numbers nonrandomly. In this paper, we show that the number 19, which has been heard, read, seen, and googled countless times since March 2020, has become significantly less popular among Belgian lottery players after the World Health Organization named the disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 “COVID-19”. We argue that the reduced popularity of the number 19 is due to its negative association with the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study triangulates evidence from field data from the Belgian National Lottery and survey data from a nationally representative sample of 500 Belgian individuals. The field data indicate that the number 19 has been played significantly less frequently since March 2020. However, a potential limitation of the field data is that an unknown proportion of players selects numbers randomly through the “Quick Pick” computer system. The survey data do not suffer from this limitation and reinforce our previous findings by showing that priming an increase in the salience of COVID-19 prior to the players’ selection of lottery numbers reduces their preference for the number 19. The effect of priming is concentrated amongst those with high superstitious beliefs, further supporting our explanation for the reduced popularity of the number 19 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lemongrass, lotteries and the digital: interfaces, mediums, and underworld gods on a live-stream

ABSTRACT As the COVID-19 situation intensified in Malaysia during the second half of 2020, live-streamed videos of Chinese underworld gods, Dua Ya Pek and Di Ya Pek appeared on Facebook. Possessing different human vessels each time, the gods ate, drank, smoked, and communicated with their devotees online by improvising and responding to their online ‘comments’. During one possession, Dua Ya Pek even had a specific remedy for COVID-19: stalks of lemongrass. The shift to social media subverts the private nature of such possessions, making them somewhat public. This article examines how divinities now engage with online devotees through livestreaming and the transgressive nature of this emergent practice. When the gods are still able to predict winning lottery numbers and reemerge through the digital interface of Facebook, the disembodied bodies of spirit mediums perform the underworld gods’ collective stance that they are still available and active in a time of crisis.

Breaking Ties: Regression Discontinuity Design Meets Market Design

Many schools in large urban districts have more applicants than seats. Centralized school assignment algorithms ration seats at over‐subscribed schools using randomly assigned lottery numbers, non‐lottery tie‐breakers like test scores, or both. The New York City public high school match illustrates the latter, using test scores and other criteria to rank applicants at the city's screened schools, combined with lottery tie‐breaking at the rest. We show how to identify causal effects of school attendance in such settings. Our approach generalizes regression discontinuity methods to allow for multiple treatments and multiple running variables, some of which are randomly assigned. The key to this generalization is a local propensity score that quantifies the school assignment probabilities induced by lottery and non‐lottery tie‐breakers. The utility of the local propensity score is demonstrated in an assessment of the predictive value of New York City's school report cards. Schools that earn the highest report card grade indeed improve SAT math scores and increase graduation rates, though by much less than OLS estimates suggest. Selection bias in OLS estimates of grade effects is egregious for screened schools.

Penegakan Hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Perjudian Toto Gelap

This study aims to analyze the legal rules regarding the crime of gambling to analyze what factors encourage the occurrence of illegal toto gambling crimes, especially in Deli Serdang Regency. The research method used is descriptive method, with a case approach and legislation, with interview data collection instruments and documentation studies, while the data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive. The results of the study show that the legal regulation of lottery gambling is based on article 303 of the Criminal Code and article 303 bis and the UTE Law article 27 paragraph (2), with criminal threats in article 45 paragraph (2), as well as Law no. 7 of 1974 concerning Gambling Control in Article 1 that gambling in any form is a crime. The factors that encourage the occurrence of gambling crimes in Deli Serdang Regency are: the hope of getting a win, the influence of the environment, lottery gambling is easy for everyone to do, it doesn't take much time to do it, lottery clerks are available in many places, the development of information technology make it easier for players to send guesses for lottery gambling numbers, as well as weak supervision by the police. Law enforcement against lottery type gambling at the Lubuk Pakam District Court is still not firm.

Number preferences in selected Nigerian lottery games

AbstractIn this paper, we examined two pairs of datasets from selected Nigerian lottery games to determine players’ number preferences. Data explorations were conducted in the first pair of datasets to identify patterns in players’ choices of lottery numbers. The question whether players preferred number combinations that are well-spread out regardless of their true theoretical probabilities was examined in the second pair. In the first pair of datasets, we find that most players have a preference for small numbers especially 1 and 9. They also prefer numbers with repeated digits and tend to avoid multiples of 7 and numbers containing 7 (except 7 and 77). The most popular numbers are 90 and 1. In the second pair of the datasets, more than 50% of the players preferred selecting well-spread out number combinations than expected by chance.

“Why would you not listen? It is like being given the winning lottery numbers and deciding not to take them”: semi-structured interviews with post-acute myocardial infarction patients and their significant others exploring factors that influence participation in cardiac rehabilitation and long-term exercise training

Purpose Despite the clinical benefits, coronary artery disease patient participation rates in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and long-term exercise are poor. This study explored the factors related to participation in these interventions from the perspectives of post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients and their significant others. Methods Semi-structured interviews were performed with post-AMI patients (number (n) = 10) and their significant others (n = 10) following phase-III and phase-IV CR. Reflexive thematic analysis with an inductive orientation was utilised to identify themes within the dataset (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03907293). Results The overarching theme of the data was a perceived need to improve health, with the participants viewing health benefits as the principal motive for participating in CR and long-term exercise training. Three further themes were identified: motivation, extrinsic influences, and CR experience. These themes captured the underlying elements of the participants’ decision to take part in CR and long-term exercise training for the purpose of health improvements. Conclusion An AMI collectively impacts the attitudes and beliefs of patients and their significant others in relation to CR participation, long-term exercise, and health. The factors identified in this study may inform strategies to promote patient enrollment in CR and adherence to long-term exercise. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Post-AMI patients and their significant others reported that health benefits were the primary motive for participating in CR and long-term exercise, with aspects related to motivation, extrinsic influences, and CR experience underpinning the decision. Healthcare professionals should supply information about health benefits during the CR referral process, with insights into the experiences of CR graduates potentially improving the strength of recommendation. CR facilitators may promote long-term exercise adherence by assisting patients with the identification of an enjoyable exercise modality. Healthcare professionals should include significant others in the CR referral process, which may enable these individuals to support the patients’ decisions.

Testing for Bias in Order Assignment

Many real-life situations require a set of items to be repeatedly placed in a random sequence. In such circumstances, it is often desirable to test whether such randomization indeed obtains, yet this problem has received very limited attention in the literature. This paper articulates the key features of this problem and presents three “untargeted” tests that require no a priori information from the analyst. These methods are used to analyze the order in which lottery numbers are drawn in Powerball, the order in which contestants perform on American Idol, and the order of candidates on primary election ballots in Texas and West Virginia. In this last application, multiple deviations from full randomization are detected, with potentially serious political and legal consequences. The form these deviations take varies, depending on institutional factors. This sometimes necessitates the use of tests that exchange power for increased robustness.