Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe Research Articles

A Journey Through the First to Eighteenth Issue of JKAHS

The Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences (JKAHS) is an official publication of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences (KAHS), a government organization founded on October 20, 2011, by an act of the Parliament of Nepal [1]. KAHS was established with the objective of enhancing the quality of healthcare services, medical education, and research in remote and underserved areas of Nepal. The establishment of JKAHS in 2018 is a reflection of commitment of KAHS to these goals, providing a dedicated platform for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and clinical experiences in the health sciences [2].JKAHS is a peer-reviewed, international medical journal that operates under a diamond open access model, that means all its contents are freely accessible to readers without any subscription or paywall barriers [2]. This model not only broadens the journal’s audience, including researchers, students, policymakers, and the general public, but also aligns with the mission of KAHS to disseminate knowledge widely and equitably [1]. Importantly, JKAHS does not charge any fees for the submission, processing, or publication of manuscripts, thus removing financial barriers for authors and promoting inclusivity in scientific publishing. Additionally, to ensure the long-term preservation and accessibility of its content in the internet, JKAHS archives all its articles in LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) and CLOCKSS (Controlled Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) [2]. These archiving systems safeguard the integrity and usability of the published work, ensuring that it remains available to future generations.It is triannual journal publishing three issues per year, and is available both online and in print with pISSN 2616-0064 and eISSN 2676-1327 [2]. This regular publication schedule ensures a steady flow of new research and insights, contributing to the continuous advancement of medical knowledge.Achievements and milestonesOne of our significant achievements has been in indexing of JKAHS in two national databases namely Nepal JournalOnline (NepJol) in 2019 [3] and NepalMedLine (NepMed) in 2020 [4]. The NepJol is hosted by Central Library (TUCL) and it is hosted by Ubiquity Press [3] whereas NepMed is hosted my Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC) [4]. A part from these national databases, we have been indexed in DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journal) [5] and Hinari [6] in 2023. In the earlier days after indexing in NepJol, individual articles were assigned an unique DOI (digital object identifier) from NepJol (10.3126/jkahs). Later on we have taken our own DOI (10.61814/jkahs) directly from CrossRef under the sponsroship under GEM (Global Equitable Membership (GEM) Program from CrossRef [7]. This recognition is a testament to the quality and impact of our published research. Being indexed has enhanced the visibility and accessibility of our articles, attracted a broader readership and fostered greater academic collaboration.

Wizard in Building a Sustainable, Geographically Distributed Dark Archive to Ensure the Long-Term Survival of Web-Based Scholarly Publications

CLOCKSS, or Controlled LOCKSS (for Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe), runs on LOCKSS technology, but unlike LOCKSS (an open network), CLOCKSS is a closed system. CLOCKSS (Controlled LOCKSS) is a not-for-profit joint venture between the world’s leading academic publishers and research libraries whose mission is to build a sustainable, geographically distributed dark archive with which to ensure the long-term survival of Web-based scholarly publications for the benefit of the greater global research community. CLOCKSS is for the entire world’s benefit. Content no longer available from any publisher (“triggered content”) is available for free. CLOCKSS uniquely assigns this abandoned and orphaned content a Creative Commons license to ensure it remains available forever.

Allows Librarians at each Institution to take Custody of and Preserve Access to the E-Content

The LOCKSS («Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe») project, under the auspices of Stanford University, is a peer-to-peer network that develops and supports an open source system allowing libraries to collect, preserve and provide their readers with access to material published on the Web. The system attempts to replicate the way libraries do this for material published on paper. It was originally designed for scholarly journals<sup>1</sup>, but is now also used for a range of other materials. Examples include the SOLINET project to preserve theses and dissertations at eight universities, US government documents<sup>3</sup>, and the MetaArchive Cooperative program preserving at-risk digital archival collections, including Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs), newspapers, photograph collections, and audio-visual collections

Digital Preservation of Law Reviews: Two Ways

On November 7, 2008, the Durham Statement on Open Access to Legal Scholarship was released to the public. One of its main tenets ‒ that law schools and libraries “stop publishing journals in print format and rely instead on electronic publication coupled with a commitment to keep the electronic versions available in stable, open, digital formats” ‒ was an open call to law libraries to start thinking about digital preservation strategies for their law reviews.The Legal Information Preservation Alliance (LIPA) responded to the need by developing the Law Review Preservation Program, an initiative which archives law reviews hosted on the Bepress Digital Commons platform in Controlled LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe), or CLOCKSS.For those law libraries without subscriptions to Digital Commons, there is an open-source, freely available alternative solution for ingesting digital law reviews into any preservation platform. This application, called the Submission Information Metadata Packaging, or SIMP tool was developed at the J. Willard Marriott Library at the University of Utah, initially as a solution for ingesting content into the Ex Libris Rosetta Digital preservation platform, as part of a CONTENTdm digital asset management workflow. Though the development of the SIMP tool was inspired by Marriott’s need to ingest digital files from CONTENTdm to Rosetta, they built it to work with any Digital Asset Management System (DAMS) and Digital preservation platform.This article will explain these two strategies for digital preservation of law reviews, informing law librarians of the options which might best suit their needs.

Preserving Content from Your Institutional Repository

Between institutional repositories and hosting journals, many libraries are becoming responsible for scholarly content in new ways. While Portable Document Formats (PDFs) are the most common formats today, the unique, local, serial content could be in a variety of formats. These items might be digitized text, born digital text, audio, video, images, or multimedia. This article discusses formats that will remain accessible through time (PDF/A, txt, xml) so that contents are not locked into proprietary formats. It will also discuss options for backing up items and associated metadata, including simple backups, off-site storage of files, Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS), Private LOCKSS Networks, and Portico. The article offers suggestions for how your library might best preserve local content.

Tribute to Nirbhaya (Fearless)

We are happy to launch the first issue of the Journal Space and Culture, India. This first issue is a tribute to Nirbhaya (Fearless), who was brutally gang-raped and left in a ‘vegetative state’ to die, who subsequently succumbed to her injuries on December 29, 2012. Alongside, we also pay our last respect to Chief Justice Jagdish Charan Verma (January 18, 1933 – April 22, 2013), who headed the government-appointed panel, Justice Verma Committee that came out with the recommendations on enhancing women’s safety and security.The journal is very grateful to all the members of the editorial board for their strong commitment and support. We also thank the contributors of the first issue. We are committed to encourage young scholars and researchers to submit their theoretically informed original research, commentaries and reviews on any social issues of India and make an impact to the society.We understand that your research is very important to you - we guarantee global distribution accessible universally on-line and without any charge. We are in the process of obtaining International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) from ISSN UK centre, British Library. The journal will also be registered with the official Open Archives registry, UIUC OAI registry, Social Science Research Network (SSRN) and OAIster so that the articles are indexed within a globally distributed system of research databases. The journal will also contribute to certain Libraries participating in the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) system to ensure a secure and permanent archive for the journal. In addition, content of the journal will be indexed by Google Scholar and other search engines and also will be registered with Index Copernicus and other indexing system.Looking forward to your valuable contributions! Happy reading!Thank you,Executive Editor, Space and Culture, India

Lehrstuhl Digital Library / Lehrstuhl Digitale Bibliothek / La chaire bibliothèques numériques

The article provides an overview of the “Lehrstuhl” (professorship) for digital libraries at the Berlin School of Library and Information Science. The “Lehrstuhl” teaches both bachelor and masters students, and offers support for its doctoral students. The main areas of teaching are (1) research methods, with a particular focus on statistics and ethnography, and (2) digital libraries, with a focus on the development, scope, structure and metadata standards of digital libraries. Research covers the areas of long-term digital archiving - including “digital cultural migration”. The Berlin School is a partner of the LOCKSS (“Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe”) long-term archiving network. A second research focus is on information behavior especially in the digital environment, and using ethnographic methods. Other research areas include the impact of copyright legislation and the history of information.

LOCKSS i Portico - projekty archiwizacji bibliotecznych zasobow elektronicznych

Długoterminowe zabezpieczanie dostępu do elektronicznych zasobów subskrybowanych przez biblioteki staje się coraz popularniejsze za granicą. W artykule opisano dwa amerykańskie projekty archiwizacji bibliotecznych zasobów elektronicznych: Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) i Portico. Dokonano analizy porównawczej obu systemów. Zaprezentowano i omówiono wyniki badania dotyczącego ich wykorzystania, przeprowadzonego w wybranych europejskich bibliotekach uniwersyteckich oraz wyniki symulacji użyteczności obu systemów w polskim środowisku naukowym.

Archiving in the networked world: LOCKSS and national hosting

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to answer questions about LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) that have arisen in the context of the German National Hosting study.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes what the LOCKSS software can do and how the LOCKSS community is organized. The descriptions come from direct experience with LOCKSS and from comments by the developers.FindingsLOCKSS offers a robust and cost‐effective mechanism to carry digital content undamaged into future centuries. It also offers a distributed network that is robust against natural, social, political or economic catastrophes at one or even several locations. Its financial and organizational philosophy avoids a single point of financial or administrative failure.Originality/valueRegardless of which national hosting system is selected, the chosen system ought to have qualities similar to these.

Distributed Digital Preservation: Private LOCKSS Networks as Business, Social, and Technical Frameworks

The Library of Congress' National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) has helped underwrite the development of highly targeted collaborative preservation networks among content sites with common interests in specialized subject areas. Today, institutions worldwide have tapped the LOCKSS (Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) Program's innovative approach to distributed digital preservation to accomplish a variety of business, social, and technical pursuits. LOCKSS technology enables nontechnical administrators to create and manage their own preservation network via a "Private LOCKSS Network" (PLN). A PLN is a scaled down version of the public LOCKSS network, which comprises two hundred library members and preserves over a thousand titles from more than three hundred publishers. PLNs enable like-minded institutions to shoulder the responsibility of preserving in perpetuity scholarly e-content of importance to the group. More and more research organizations are discovering the benefits of PLNs to address their collection and preservation needs.

Distributed Globally, Collected Locally: LOCKSS for Digital Government Information

Introduction Ever since the Government Printing Office (GPO) brought GPO Access online in 1993 in order to make government information accessible on the Web, some librarians and others have dreamt of a system that would extend the mostly successful, 150 year old geographically distributed Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) model to the digital world. Today, thanks to the efforts of Carl Malamud, the Stanford-based Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) team, and 15 libraries around the country, a successful model for the digital FDLP has been launched. This paper will describe the LOCKSS model of digital preservation and why that model is beneficial to apply to the realm of digital government information. Next, we will illuminate Carl Malamud’s herculean efforts toward better access to government information. We will then discuss how we’ve built the USDocs Private LOCKSS Network (USDocsPLN) using those documents harvested by Malamud. The paper concludes with a call to action.

The UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme: A Perspective from the LOCKSS Technical Support Service

Over the last decade libraries have increasingly shifted journal access from print to digital. The preference of users for online content, the demand of readers for a broader range of content, and the rising costs of library shelf space all contributed to bringing about this change. A variety of approaches has emerged to support access to these digital journals. The common ones require libraries to access content through publishers, which invariably means libraries lose long-term control of the journals to which they have subscribed. As an alternative, the Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) approach enables libraries to regain custody of journal assets while maintaining the access and licence terms stipulated by the publisher. This article describes the UK LOCKSS Pilot Programme; a two-year JISC/CURL (Joint Information Systems Committee/Consortium of Research Libraries in the British Isles)-funded initiative to explore issues associated with the practical implementation of LOCKSS in the UK Higher Education institutions. It examines the pilot from the perspective of the LOCKSS Technical Support Service, a core component of the Pilot Programme.

A Social Model for Archiving Digital Serials: LOCKSS

Digital archiving inherited a vocabulary from the archiving of physical objects, but the social organization needed for effective digital archiving does not mirror the trusted-institution model used for physical archiving. A social model along the lines of the open source software community makes more sense for works whose authenticity and integrity can best be ensured through bit-level comparisons of multiple originals residing with multiple trusted collaborators. Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) is building a community base and has over seven years of experience with archiving electronic journals. LOCKSS works and has been tested. Few other digital archiving systems can claim equivalent practical experience.

A Social Model for Archiving Digital Serials: LOCKSS

Digital archiving inherited a vocabulary from the archiving of physical objects, but the social organization needed for effective digital archiving does not mirror the trusted-institution model used for physical archiving. A social model along the lines of the open source software community makes more sense for works whose authenticity and integrity can best be ensured through bit-level comparisons of multiple originals residing with multiple trusted collaborators. Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS) is building a community base and has over seven years of experience with archiving electronic journals. LOCKSS works and has been tested. Few other digital archiving systems can claim equivalent practical experience.

Defending a P2P digital preservation system

The LOCKSS (Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) system allows users to store and preserve electronic content through a system of inexpensive computers arranged in an ad hoc peer-to-peer network. These peers cooperate to detect and repair damage by voting in opinion polls. We develop a more accurate view of how the network will perform over time by simulating the system's behavior using dynamic models in which peers can be subverted and repaired. These models take into account a variety of parameters, including the rate of peer subversion, the rate of repair, the extent of subversion, and the responsiveness of each peer's system administrator. These models reveal certain systemic vulnerabilities not apparent in our static simulations: a typical adversary that begins with a small foothold within the system (e.g., 20 percent of the population) will completely dominate the voting process within 10 years, even if he only exploits one vulnerability each year. In light of these results, we propose and evaluate countermeasures. One technique, ripple healing, performs remarkably well. For models in which all system administrators are equally likely to repair their systems, it eliminates nearly systemic levels of corruption within days. For models in which some administrators are more likely to repair their systems, ripple healing limits corruption, but proves less effective, since these models already demonstrate superior performance

LOCKSS

LOCKSS (Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) is a tool designed for libraries to use to ensure their community's continued access to web-published scientific journals. LOCKSS allows libraries to take custody of the material to which they subscribe, in the same way they do for paper, and to preserve it. By preserving it they ensure that, for their community, links and searches continue to resolve to the published material even if it is no longer available from the publisher. Think of it as the digital equivalent of stacks where an authoritative copy of material is always available rather than the digital equivalent of an archive. LOCKSS allows libraries to run web caches for specific journals. These caches collect content as it is published and are never flushed. They cooperate in a peer-to-peer network to detect and repair damaged or missing pages. The caches run on generic PC hardware using open-source software and require almost no skilled administration, making the cost of preserving a journal manageable.

LOCKSS (lots of copies keep stuff safe)

Over the last 12 years the LOCKSS Program at Stanford has developed and deployed an open source, peer-to-peer system now comprising about 200 LOCKSS boxes in libraries around the world preserving a wide range of webpublished content. Initially supported by NSF, and subsequently by the Mellon Foundation, Sun Microsystems and NDIIPP, the program has since 2004 been sustainable, funded by the libraries using it. The program won an ACM award for breakthrough research in fault and attack resistance in peer-to-peer systems. Since it was designed initially for e-journals, the system’s design is unusual; it is driven primarily by copyright law. The design principles were: