Lophocolea Bidentata Research Articles

Bryoflora of the Romaniv landscape region and adjacent territories (Lviv region)

Research was conducted on bryophytes of the Romaniv landscape reserve and adjacent territories, which belong to the North-Podilskyi-Dniester key territory of the regional eco-network of the Lviv region. 73 species of bryophytes from the divisions Marchantiophyta (7 species from the class Jungermanniopsida, 4 species – Marchantiopsida) and Bryophyta (2 species from the class Polytrichopsida, 60 species – Bryopsida) were found in the study area. Among the families, Pottiaceae (9 species, 6.6%), Brachytheciaceae (7 species, 5.1%), Mniaceae (6 species, 4.4%), Plagiotheciaceae (6 species, 4.4%), Bryaceae (5 species, 3.7%), Orthotrichaceae (4 species, 2.9%), the rest of the families are oligo- and monospecies. Among the genera are Ptychostomum (4 species, 2.9%), Plagiothecium (4 species, 2.9%), genera Plagiomnium, Didymodon, Tortula and Orthotrichum – 3 species each (2.2%). According to the substrate affiliation, there is the largest number of epigean bryophytes. Epiphytes predominate on the bark of deciduous trees, or in the root zone of beech trees. However, epixillae develop well at various stages of decay in various types of dead wood. Rocky areas in the middle of the forest, which are located outside the reserve have the biggest species diversity of bryophytes Mosses inhabit anthropogenically disturbed biotopes, in particular, sand mining quarries and agricultural land. Based on the geographical analysis, the bryoflora of this territory can be characterized as nemoral-boreal with some arid and cosmopolitan elements. Features of the geographical distribution of bryophytes are large areas, accordingly, the share of endemics among them is insignificant. Regionally rare for the mixed forest zone are Alleniella besseri, Aloina rigida, Marchantia quadrata, Taxiphyllum wissgrillii. For nemoral – Pellia endiviifolia, Porella platyphylla, Lophocolea bidentata, Encalypta streptocarpa. Data on the species composition of bryophytes and their substrate affiliation make it possible to more widely assess the types of biodiversity. The given sozological analysis of the bryoflora points to the need for further detailed research of the bryoflora. An annotated list of bryophytes was drawn up on the basis of bryofloristic studies of the Romaniv landscape reserve and adjacent territories.

Current status of diversity and distribution of Bryophytes of Odisha

In an attempt to reveal the biodiversity status of one of the least studied plant groups of Eastern Ghats, the authors have catalogued the diversity and distribution of bryoflora of Odisha situated in the Northern Eastern Ghats biogeographic regions of India. One hundred fourty nine species of bryophytes including 102 mosses under 23 families, 41 liverworts under 16 families and 6 hornworts under 2 families were reported from Odihsa as a result of 7 years of primary survey (2008-2015) conducted in some selected bryodiversity rich habitats covering 12 districts of Odisha and also from scrutiny of different research publications including research papers, books and research reports. In terms of species richness, the Deomali hills was found to be the most diverse in terms of bryophytes followed by Similipal biosphere reserve, Mahendragiri hills, Niyamgiri hills, Baphlimali hills and Khandadhar hills. Deomali hills also showed highest diversity in endemic mosses. Five mosses such as Fissidens orishae Gangulee, Erpodium mangiferae Müll. Hal., Hyophila comosa Dixon, Stereophyllum confusum Ther., Neckeropsis exserta (Hook. ex Schwagr.) Broth. are found to be endemic to India that occur in Odisha. Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort., Anoectangium stracheyanum Mitt., Cyathophorella hookeriana (Griff.) M. Fleisch., Cyathophorum adiantum (Griff.) Mitt., Distichophyllum schmidtii Broth., Eurhynchium striatulum (Spruce) Schimp., Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., Leucobryum juniperoideum (Brid.) Müll. Hal., Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dumort., Macromitrium sulcatum (Hook.) Brid., Notothylas levieri Schiffner, Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook.) Gray Pellia epiphylla (L.) Corda., Philonotis fontana (Hedw.) Brid., Pogonatum neesii (Müll. Hal.) Dozy., Polytrichum commune Hedw., Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw., Racopilum cuspidigerum (Schwagr.) Angstrom, Racopilum orthocarpum Wilson ex Mitt., Riccia beyrichiana Hampe ex Lehm., Riccia billardieri Mont. & Nees., Spruceanthus semirepandus (Nees) Verd., Thuidium cymbifolium (Müll. Hal.) Paris, Thuidium koelzii H. Rob., Trematodon longicollis Michx., are some of the new distributional record of occurrence for the Eastern Ghats.The present study reveals that Fissidentaceae, Pottiaceae, Bryaceae, Dicranaceae, Aytoniaceae, Marchantiaceae, Funariaceae and Anthocerotaceae are dominant families in the study area. The authors have also identified few forest pockets and critical habitat in the state where bryophyte diversity shall be very rich that needs a detailed survey in near future. The authors discuss the list of bryophytes of the state in a regional context of rarity, as well as address some general subject matters regarding cryptogam conservation and further work needed in the state of Odisha. The study would provide a prelude data for future bryological studies and bryomonitoring in the Eastern Ghats in general and the state of Odisha in particular.

Liverworts from the Moraca River basin: Taxonomic and ecological analysis

During the period of 1997-2007, we carried out detailed bryological research in the Moraca River basin, Montenegro. Liverworts were collected at 45 locations. Thirty-five liverworts were recorded, including representatives of 24 genera and 19 families. The most frequent liverwort was Radula complanata, which was found at 17 localities. Seventeen taxa were registered at only one location in the investigated area. Scapania aequiloba is treated as endangered, and Athalamia hyalina as critically endangered, Leiocolea collaris, L. bantriensis and L. turbinata as vulnerable species. In addition, Fossombronia caespitiformis, Lophocolea bidentata var. bidentata, Riccia cavernosa, and Tritomaria quinquedentata are here registered for the first time in the bryoflora of Montenegro.

Effects of simulated long‐term climatic change on the bryophytes of a limestone grassland community

AbstractThe bryophyte vegetation of upland limestone grassland at Buxton in the southern Pennine Hills (UK) was studied following seven years' continuous simulated climate change treatments. The experimental design involved two temperature regimes (ambient, winter warming by 3°C) in factorial combination with three moisture regimes (normal, summer drought, supplemented summer rainfall) and with five replicate blocks. Percentage cover of the bryophytes was estimated visually using 15 randomly positioned quadrats (30 cm × 30 cm) within each of the 30 3 m × 3 m plots. Significant treatment effects were found but these were relatively modest. Total bryophyte cover and cover of Calliergonella cuspidata and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus responded negatively to drought, whereas Fissidens dubius increased in the droughted plots. Campyliadelphus chrysophyllus increased with winter warming, while R. squarrosus, Lophocolea bidentata and species richness all decreased. The effects on the total bryophyte flora were further studied by canonical correspondence analysis, which yielded a first axis reflecting the combined effects of the moisture and temperature treatments. However, this analysis and a detrended correspondence analysis of the plot data also revealed that natural factors were more important causes of variation in the grassland community than the simulated climate treatments. It was concluded that dewfall may be an important source of moisture for grassland bryophytes and that this factor may have reduced the impact of the moisture treatments. The absence of some thermophilous species such as Homalothecium lutescens in the plots initially may also have reduced their scope for major vegetational change.

<p><strong>Contribution to the bryoflora and bryogeography of St. Helena (South Atlantic Ocean)</strong></p>

Results of an evaluation of a collection of bryophytes made by Mr. T. Karisch on St. Helena, comprizing approx. 70 specimens, are presented. Four species (Bryum sauteri, Lophocolea bidentata, Syrrhopodon gaudichaudii, Trichostomum brachydontium) are reported for the first time for St. Helena. Five taxa endemic to St. Helena (Kurzia nemoides, Radula fulvifolia, Tylimanthus anisodontus, Fissidens helenicus, Sematophyllum plumularium) and Dicranella proscripta, which is elsewhere only known from Ascension, have been found probably for the first time this century. A phytogeographical analysis of the bryoflora of St. Helena is presented. Dicranella condensata Aongstr. is regarded as synonymous with Dicranella proscripta (Hornsch.) Mitt. and Rhaphidorrhynchium plumularium (Mitt.) Broth. with Sematophyllum erythrocaulon (Aongstr.) Jaeg.

An epoxy-trinoreudesmane sesquiterpene from the liverwort Lophocolea bidentata

A new epoxy-trinoreudesmane sesquiterpene, (+)-(4 S,4a S,5 R,8a S)- trans-4,8a-dimethyl-4a,5-epoxy-decalin, was isolated from the liverwort Lophocolea bidentata collected in northern Germany. The structure of this compound was elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods and by independent synthesis. The configuration was proved by enantioselective gas chromatography. The previously described olefinic precursor was also identified as a constituent.

Growth responses of six bryophyte species to different light intensities

The growth responses of Brachythecium rutabulum, Eurhynchium praelongum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiomnium undulatum, Pseudoscleropodium purum, and Thuidiurn tamariscinum, growing under seven different light conditions, were determined in a 36-day laboratory experiment. Biomass production, relative growth rate, chlorophyll content, and morphological plastic responses (bending of the shoots) were determined following initial and final harvests. All species achieved greater biomass as irradiance increased. This trend was also observed in the relative growth rates, which were higher as irradiance increased, for all the bryophytes investigated. All species except L. bidentata showed an increased elevation of the shoot as irradiance decreased. Total chlorophyll was higher in all species at the lowest irradiance level, but no clear differences were observed in the ratios of chlorophyll a to b for all the species. Key words: grassland bryophytes, light intensity, growth analysis, plasticity.

The Family Geocalycaceae (Hepaticae) in North America, West of the Hundredth Meridian

The seven species ofGeocalycaceae (Hepaticae) in North America west of the hundredth meridian are discussed, keyed, and provided with distribution maps. Chiloscyphus polyanthus is reported new to Arizona and Saskatchewan, Geocalyx graveolens new to Colorado, Northwest Territories, and Saskatchewan, Lophocolea bidentata new to Northwest Territories, L. heterophylla new to Alaska and Arizona, and L. minor new to Arizona. The family Geocalycaceae was established by Klinggriiff (1858). It is characterized by dioicous, autoicous, or paroicous gametangia; lateral and ventral intercalary or terminal branching; succu- bous or obliquely inserted leaves; bilobed under- leaves; rhizoids restricted to the base of underleaves or scattered over the ventral surface of stem; lateral (Lophocoleoideae) or ventral (Geocalycoideae) fer- tile branches; slenderly spicate androecia; large, re- duced, or vestigial female bracts; perianth reduced or absent, or with a rhizoidal perigynium (Geoca- lycoideae), or wide mouthed (Lophocoleoideae); and ovoid to cylindric capsule with 2-5 layered walls (Engel 1982; Fulford 1976; Schuster 1980; Smith

Cell wall topography in leaves ofLophocolea bidentata(L.) Dum. andL. cuspidata(Nees) Limpr.

AbstractThe surface patterning of the cell walls of specimens of Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dum. and L. cuspidata (Ness) Limpr. was studied with the scanning electron microscope. No evidence was found for a mosaic patterning of the wall surface, previously thought to be diagnostic for L. cuspidata.

Effect of Initial Shoot Size on Growth Rates of Five British Grassland Bryophytes

Relative growth rates of six different size classes of shoot cuttings were compared for five calcareous grassland bryophytes. The experiment demonstrated significant differences among relative growth rates as measured by changes in dry weight and shoot elongation. The rate of dry matter production was not significantly affected by initial shoot length. Shoot elongation behaved differently, however, showing a significant inverse relationship between initial shoot length and relative rate of elongation. It is recommended that estimations of growth responses of bryophytes should include measures of dry weight as well as of stem elongation. The study of bryophytes in natural and controlled laboratory conditions presents contrasting obstacles to those posed by higher plants. Different morphological and physiological characteristics (Proctor 1979, 1981; Schofield 1981) associated with a unique life cycle and particular life-forms (Anderson 1980; Miigdefrau 1982; Watson 1971) determine that concepts and methods applied in studies of vascular plants cannot be easily adapted for use with bryophytes. One of the most frequent problems encountered in experimental growth studies of bryophytes is selection of the morphological unit used as initial experimental material and the attributes to be measured, in order to obtain accurate and comparable results. In growth analysis of bryophytes the starting material for an experiment may be a whole shoot system, a single shoot cutting, or a spore. In the use of spores, differences in germination requirements must be taken into account and establishment of the plant may be a lengthy and erratic process. With the use of cuttings of the gametophyte, or whole shoots, factors such as initial size and age of the fragment (Bates 1979) and its location on the original plant may apparently alter its ability to respond to the experimental conditions imposed by the researcher (Clymo 1970, 1973; Green & ClaytonGreene 1981; Hayward & Clymo 1983; Rincon 1986; Watson 1975). The investigation reported here is an attempt to examine the relationship between initial size of cuttings taken from various bryophyte shoots and their rates of growth under controlled laboratory conditions. The experiment compares relative rates of growth, measured as shoot length and dry weight, of six different size classes of cuttings taken from shoots of five calcareous grassland bryophytes. An additional objective of this investigation was to determine possible sources of error in growth analysis of bryophytes under laboratory conditions and to recommend procedures that provide the best estimates of relative growth rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS The bryophytes studied in this investigation were: Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) B.S.G., Lophocolea bidentata (L.) Dum., Plagiomnium undulatum (Hedw.) T. Kop., Pseudoscleropodium purum (Hedw.) Fleisch., and Thuidium tamariscinum (Hedw.) B.S.G. All the bryophytes were collected from an undisturbed, north facing, calcareous grassland in Millersdale, North Derbyshire (National Grid Reference SK 155733). Fresh shoot material was collected and returned to the laboratory in plastic containers. From healthy main stems of each species, shoots were selected at random, and various size classes of shoot length were prepared by cutting the shoots at predetermined distances from the apex. Cuttings were washed in distilled water before transfer to the experimental conditions. Plastic petri dishes (90 mm diameter) with drainage holes were filled to a depth of 10 mm with acid washed sand (Hewitt 1966). Owing to limitations on the amount of suitable shoot material available, the complete range of initial shoot size classes (3, 9, 15, 21, 30, and 45 mm) could not be obtained for all species. The shoot lengths used for each species were as follows: Brachythecium rutabulum, 3-30 mm; Lophocolea bidentata, 9-45 mm; Plagiomnium undulatum, 9-45 mm; Pseudoscleropodium purum, 3-45 mm; and Thuidium tamariscinum, 3-45 mm. At the beginning of the experiment an initial harvest of 20 shoots of each shoot size was taken for each species. For each species, two individual shoots of the two smallest sizes (3 and 9 mm) and one shoot of the remaining sizes were placed at random within each of five replicate petri dishes. The petri dishes were arranged at random inside a growth cabinet with a day/night temperature regimen of 18/120C, a day length of 14 hr., and irradiance of 30 W1Present address: Centro de Ecologia, UNAM, Apartado Postal 70-275, Ciudad Universitaria, M6xico, 04510, DF, M6xico. 0007-2745/88/219-222$0.55/0 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.104 on Mon, 20 Jun 2016 05:36:06 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 220 THE BRYOLOGIST [VOL. 91 Brachythecium rutabulum Lophocolec b/dentaoa Plogiomnium undul/tur Pseudoscleropodium purum rhuidium tomoriscinum

The effect of herbaceous litter on bryophyte growth

Shoots of Brachythecium rutabulum, Lophocolea bidentata, Plagiomnium undulatum, Pseudoscleropodium purum and Thuidium tamariscinum were allowed to grow in contact with litter of Urtica dioica, Succisa pratensis, Holcus lanatus, A venula pratensis, Pseudoscleropodium purum and soils of contrastee,-fertility. All the species were positively growth-stimulated when grown in contact with the stem litter of Urtica dioica and the fertile soil. The other treatments included did not enhance significantly the growth of the five bryophyte species. An attempt is made to relate these responses to the ecology of the species and the possible role that plant litter might exert upon bryophyte distribution in herbaceous vegetation.

The taxonomy ofLophocolea bidentata(L.) Dum. andL. cuspidata(Nees) Limpr.

The taxonomy of Lophocolea bidentata, L. cuspidata and L. alata is investigated by experimental means, both in the laboratory and the field. Evidence from the experiments suggests that L. bidentata and L. cuspidata can be maintained as distinct, if closely related, species. L. alata is reduced to synonymy with L. cuspidata.