Longitudinal-torsional Vibration Converter Research Articles

Configurations of high-frequency ultrasonics complex vibration systems for packaging in microelectronics

Ultrasonic high-frequency complex vibrations are effective for various ultrasonic high-power applications. Three types of ultrasonic complex vibration system with a welding tip vibrating elliptical to circular locus for packaging in microelectronics were studied. The complex vibration sources are using (1) a longitudinal–torsional vibration converter with diagonal slits that is driven only by a longitudinal vibration source, (2) a complex transverse vibration rod with several stepped parts that is driven by two longitudinal vibration source crossed at a right angle and (3) a longitudinal vibration circular disk and three longitudinal transducers that are installed at the circumference of the disk.

Characteristics of coated copper wire specimens using high frequency ultrasonic complex vibration welding equipments

Welding characteristic of thin coated copper wires were studied using 40, 60, 100 kHz ultrasonic complex vibration welding equipments with elliptical to circular vibration locus. The complex vibration systems consisted of a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter and a driving longitudinal vibration system. Polyurethane coated copper wires of 0.036 mm outer diameter and copper plates of 0.3 mm thickness and the other dimension wires were used as welding specimens. The copper wire part is completely welded on the copper substrate and the insulated coating material is driven from welded area to outsides of the wire specimens by high frequency complex vibration.

Load Characteristics of Ultrasonic Motors with a Longitudinal-Torsional Converter and Various Nonlinear Springs for Inducing Static Pressure

The vibration and load characteristics of ultrasonic motors that use a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter and various nonlinear springs were studied. Ultrasonic motors have one-dimensional longitudinal-torsional converters with a diagonally slitted part. The vibration characteristics were markedly improved using nonlinear springs for inducing static pressure on the driving surface. Using a nonlinear static pressure source, the frictional driving force of a rotor increases during the forward duty cycle, and that during the opposite retracting cycle decreases, resulting in small frictional loss. The nonlinear static and dynamic characteristics of various material springs were measured. The nonlinear static pressure source may be applied to any types of ultrasonic motor.

Welding Characteristics of Ultrasonic Seam Welding System Using a Complex Vibration Circular Disk Welding Tip

The continuous welding characteristics of a 27 kHz ultrasonic seam welding system using a complex vibration circular disk welding tip are studied. The vibration characteristics of a complex vibration converter were improved compared with the prototype model. The circular disk welding tip vibrates in both transverse and torsional vibration modes and an elliptical vibration locus is obtained at the circumference of the circular disk welding tip. An ultrasonic seam welding equipment consists of a complex vibration circular disk welding tip that is driven by a longitudinal vibration system through a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter, and an automatic specimen shifting stage. A large number of aluminum plate specimens of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm thickness and 50 mm to 300 mm length were continuously joined to a thick aluminum plate at multiple welding parts.

Ultrasonic Seam Welding System Using a Complex Vibration Circular Disk in Transverse and Torsional Vibrations

Ultrasonic seam welding of metal plate specimens using a 28 kHz complex vibration disk welding tip vibrating in transverse and torsional vibration modes is studied. Conventional ultrasonic seam welding equipment using one-dimensional vibration locus can only join metal foil or very thin plate specimens and not join thick metal plate specimens. Using a complex vibration welding system with a welding tip vibrating in elliptical or circular locus, thick plate specimens can be welded with a more uniform and larger area weldment compared to a conventional ultrasonic welding system. An ultrasonic seam welding system consists of a complex vibration disk welding tip which is driven by a longitudinal vibration system through a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter. The disk welding tip vibrates in elliptical locus. Aluminum plate specimens 0.3 mm and 3.0 mm in thickness were successfully joined with such weld strengths that the specimens were broken at the plate parts adjacent to the welded area under tensile strength test. Aluminum plates 50 mm in width were successfully joined by the ultrasonic seam welding system.

Ultrasonic motor using a one-dimensional longitudinal-torsional vibration converter with diagonal slits

Characteristics of ultrasonic rotary motors using a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter 15 mm to 50 mm in diameter are described. To obtain large torque, ultrasonic motors using one-dimensional longitudinal-torsional converters with diagonal slits are proposed. The converters have rather simple and tough structures and are driven using only a longitudinal vibration transducer. The vibration converters are made of metal materials and have diagonal slits cut along the converter circumference adjacent to a nodal position of longitudinal vibration. The ultrasonic motors consist of a vibration converter with a driving part at its free edge, and a rotor part pressed statically to a driving surface using corned disk springs. Vibration characteristics and vibration loci at driving surfaces of these motors are measured under loaded and nonloaded conditions and under forward and reverse rotating conditions. Maximum torques over 0.3 to 23 N m were obtained by the converters 15 to 50 mm in diameter and at frequencies of 80 to 23 kHz. Maximum revolution obtained was over 550 rpm using a 15 mm diameter motor of 56 kHz.

Load Characteristics and Vibration Loci at the Driving Surfaces of Ultrasonic Rotary Motor using a Longitudinal-Torsional Vibration Converter

Characteristics of ultrasonic rotary motors using a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter, 15 to 50 mm in diameter, are studied. To obtain a large torque, ultrasonic motors using one-dimensional longitudinal-torsional converters with diagonal slits are proposed. The converters have simple and tough structures and are driven using only a longitudinal vibration transducer. The vibration converters are fabricated from metal materials and have diagonal slits cut along the converter circumference, adjacent to a nodal position of longitudinal vibration. The ultrasonic motors consist of a vibration converter having a driving part at its free edge, and a rotor part statically pressed to the driving surface using corned disk springs. The vibration characteristics and vibration loci at the driving surfaces of these converters and motors are measured under loaded and nonloaded conditions and at forward and reverse rotating conditions, using two laser Doppler vibrometers. Vibration locus shapes are changed according to the load conditions and frequencies. Maximum torques of over 0.2 N·m are obtained by the converters, 15 to 20 mm in diameter, and at frequencies of 56 to 65 kHz. The maximum revolution speed obtained is over 550 r.p.m. using a 15-mm-diameter motor of 56 kHz.

Load characteristics of ultrasonic rotary motor using a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter with diagonal slits. Large torque ultrasonic rotary motor

The characteristics of an ultrasonic rotary motor using a longitudinal-torsional vibration converter with a large torque are studied. To obtain a large torque, ultrasonic motors using a slitted longitudinal-torsional vibration converter are proposed. The converters have rather simple structures and are driven using only a longitudinal vibration transducer. The vibration converters have 8 to 16 diagonal slits of 45 ° and 0.5 to 1.0 mm width. The designed ultrasonic motors consist of a vibration converter with a driving part at its free edge, and a rotor part pressed statically to a driving surface using corned disk springs. Characteristics of these motors are measured under loading by various weights. Maximum torques over 0.3 to 23 Nm were obtained by converters of 15 to 60 mm in diameter and of 56 to 23 kHz in frequency. Maximum revolution obtained was over 290 r.p.m. using a 15 mm diameter motor of 56 kHz.