Longitudinal Study Of Residents Research Articles

A longitudinal study of residents’ attitudes toward tourism development

ABSTRACT Deepening the understanding of residents’ attitudes and related influencing factors is integral to tourism destinations’ long-term sustainable development. Given the transitional nature of residents’ attitudes, longitudinal research on the topic – despite having been recommended – remains lacking. This study applied a longitudinal design over a 4-year period to assess the effects of residents’ satisfaction with tourism development and quality of life (QOL) on their attitudes toward tourism development. The study used a sample of tourism communities within China’s Yuntai Mountain area, a mature and stable destination with a relatively independent and closed economic system. Results reflected a significant and positive impact of residents’ satisfaction with tourism development on their attitudes toward such development; however, the mediating effect of QOL between residents’ satisfaction and their attitudes was weak and not significant throughout the study period. These findings enrich the literature by re-examining residents’ attitudes and associated influencing factors over time. Targeted strategies are recommended to help local governors and policymakers engender greater resident support for tourism.

Unmet and Unimportant Preferences Among Nursing Home Residents: What Are Key Resident and Facility Factors?

ObjectivesThe Preferences Assessment Tool (PAT) in the Minimum Data Set (MDS) 3.0 assesses 16 resident preferences for daily routines and activities. Although integrating important preferences into care planning is essential to provide person-centered care in nursing homes (NHs), preferences rated as important but unmet or unimportant may not receive much attention. This study aims to (1) identify the prevalence of unmet preferences and unimportant preferences, and (2) examine their associations with resident and facility-level characteristics. DesignThis is a longitudinal study of residents in NHs. Settings and ParticipantsWe used data from 2012–2017 MDS assessments of long-stay residents aged 65 or older in 295 Minnesota NHs. In total, 51,859 assessments from 25,668 residents were included. MethodsGeneralized linear mixed models were used to analyze resident and facility-level characteristics associated with having any unmet preferences, and with the number of unimportant preferences. ResultsAcross all years for both daily routine preferences and activity preferences, 3.3% to 5.1% of residents reported that at least 1 or more preference was important but unmet, and 10.0% to 16.6% reported that 4 or more out of the 8 preferences were unimportant. Residents with higher depressive symptoms, and poorer physical and sensory function were more likely to report unmet preferences. Residents with poorer physical and sensory function, and living in rural facilities and facilities having fewer activity staff hours per resident day were more likely to report unimportant preferences. Conclusions and ImplicationsResidents with functional and sensory limitations and living in underresourced NHs are more likely to report that preferences are unimportant, or that they are important but unmet. It is important for staff to elicit preferences that truly matter for residents, and to enable residents to meet their preferences.

Do changes in residents' fear of crime impact their walking? Longitudinal results from RESIDE

ObjectiveTo examine the influence of fear of crime on walking for participants in a longitudinal study of residents in new suburbs. MethodsParticipants (n=485) in Perth, Australia, completed a questionnaire about three years after moving to their neighbourhood (2007–2008), and again four years later (2011–2012). Measures included fear of crime, neighbourhood perceptions and walking (min/week). Objective environmental measures were generated for each participant's neighbourhood, defined as the 1600m road network distance from home, at each time-point. Linear regression models examined the impact of changes in fear of crime on changes in walking, with progressive adjustment for other changes in the built environment, neighbourhood perceptions and demographics. ResultsAn increase in fear of crime was associated with a decrease in residents' walking inside the local neighbourhood. For each increase in fear of crime (i.e., one level on a five-point Likert scale) total walking decreased by 22min/week (p=0.002), recreational walking by 13min/week (p=0.031) and transport walking by 7min/week (p=0.064). ConclusionThis study provides longitudinal evidence that changes in residents' fear of crime influence their walking behaviours. Interventions that reduce fear of crime are likely to increase walking and produce public health gains.

Factors Associated with Choosing a Residency Program: The ABEM Longitudinal Study of Residents in Emergency Medicine

Factors Associated with Choosing a Residency Program: The ABEM Longitudinal Study of Residents in Emergency Medicine