Long-range Ballistic Missiles Research Articles

SOME ISSUES OF NONLINEAR FILTERING FOR AIRCRAFT CONTROL SYSTEMS

Increasing the maneuverability of guided main parts of long-range ballistic missiles (RBDD HF) or o ther aircraft, in particular unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and the introduction of additional degrees of independence at the same time significantly complicates the dynamics of the system, and therefore the object control system itself, in particular its subsystem processing of measurement information.
 At the same time, an analysis of the performance of: extended Kalman filter, sigma point and cubature Kalman filter in the circuit of the aircraft control system is given. For example, the Kalman quadrature filter algorithm is virtually impossible to effectively use for systems whose dimension exceeds the order of 5 due to the exponential increase in calculation time.
 Therefore, three algorithms are considered: EKF, UKF and CKF. Using the example of the controlled dynamics of the aircraft, regardless of the direction of movement, it is necessary to orient the body. The performance of filtering algorithms and the justified selection of a filter for the evaluation of this type of system are considered.
 To determine the trajectory of the aircraft, the presented model is numerically integrated, while the control parameters , , are some functions of the current state of the target trajectory.
 The measurement is simulated by adding Gaussian "white" noise, the parameters of which are selected to match the parameters of existing devices, to the results of the integration of the equations of motion.
 In general, the article is aimed at simplifying the hardware implementation of the entire aircraft control system to counter emerging additional degrees of independence, which complicate the dynamics of the system while increasing the accuracy of the aircraft hitting the target, while it is considered that the method of determining the control parameters is a known value.

DEVELOPED MILITARY ECONOMY AS A COMPONENT OF UKRAINE’S NATIONAL ECONOMIC STRATEGY

Purpose. The principles, strategic goals and directions of the development of the military economy in the structure of the national economy and its influence on the formation of the military-economic policy of the state to ensure its modern military-economic security have been determined. Design/methodology/approach. In the article, the author used the following methods: analysis and synthesis – to analyze modern trends and generalize their impact on the formation and development of the military economy; systemic method – to reveal the essence of the military economy through the prism of the formation of military-economic potential and national security; statistical – for ranking the most powerful armies in the world and outlining the military and economic potential of Ukraine; comparison – to determine the volume and share of military defense expenditures of a number of states and the volume of sales of weapons and military services in the world in a geographical dimension; strategizing – for the formation of strategic goals of the policy of the national economy of Ukraine; generalization – when formulating conclusions and recommendations. Based on a review of the literature, the author determined the goals of analyzing the indicators of military and defense spending among a number of countries in the world, the dynamics of sales of weapons and military services, and substantiated the main defense trends of governments and a number of enterprises of many states. The strategic objectives of the policy of the national economy of Ukraine considered by the author made it possible to form conclusions, the reliability of which is based on the interpretation of the indicators given in the analytical part. Findings. The a proven hypothesis that the level of spending on national defense makes it possible to guarantee a high level of military-economic security, which is the fundamental function of the state. This condition in the military-economic potential can be achieved only thanks to the formation of the military-economic concept of the state, which is based on its historical experience, on the study of similar concepts and practices of states with different economic models, which reflect scientific and technical achievements. Also, the requirement of the present and the future is the need to develop special components in the structure of the military economy of Ukraine: nuclear military industry; rocket engineering; aircraft construction; tank construction; shipbuilding; production of artillery systems, rocket launchers and robotic systems, hypersonic weapons, unmanned aerial vehicles, anti-ship missiles and medium and long-range ballistic missiles; production of small arms and ammunition; production of radar surveillance systems, anti-satellite technologies and weapons with artificial intelligence, etc. This will require a constant increase in the military budget and spending on scientific research, as a certain annual share of Ukraine’s GDP Practical implications. The results of this study are of interest to state authorities, business entities in the field of the defense-industrial complex, who seek to expand and modernize the sphere of the military economy, increase the innovative and technological level of military equipment, weapons and dual-purpose products in accordance with the conditions of competitive markets and ensure employment growth at military industry enterprises. In addition, the results can help scientists of higher education institutions to improve tools for expansion of innovative knowledge and build scientific potential in the field of military technologies. Originality/value. This study emphasizes the peculiarities of the formation of the military economy sector in the structure of the national economy and its impact on the investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises that produce dual-use products. The outline of the defense trends of governments and a number of enterprises of many states made it possible to form the strategic goals of the policy of the national economy of Ukraine in the defense sphere. Provide recommendations to the authorities regarding the development of the military industry and the adoption of a number of institutional decisions at the state level.

The Political and Military Aspects of Creating Anti-Access/Area-Denial Systems (A2/AD): The Example Of China and Russia

Over the last two decades, China and Russia have been developing Anti-Access/Area-Denial (A2/AD) systems mainly based on long-range Air Defense, ballistic and cruise missiles, supported by Electronic Warfare and cyber-attack capabilities. Initially, these systems were used for defense purposes, but over time. it was recognized they could be also applied for imposing military situation in the specific regions and create effective response to NATO countries and their concept of conducting military operations. The main aim of the article is to asses and present the impact of Chinese and Russian Anti-Access/Area-Denial (A2/AD) systems on changes in global political relations and balance of military power. In the course of this study, the author used numerous analyzes, synthesis, comparisons and case studies methods mainly concentrated on presently operating A2/AD systems. This article undertakes the analysis of the Chinese bases located in the South China Sea and Djibouti, Russian A2/AD systems within Russia's borders with particular emphasis on Kaliningrad Oblast, and A2/AD systems in Crimea and Syria created as part of Russian military operations. This research allowed us to conclude that some of the A2/AD systems serve to defend borders, while the rest are created to influence the geopolitical and military situation or to gain an advantage in the area of military operations. It can be also evaluate that the use of these systems allow dominate future conflicts because they enable to establish a full control zones which are completely closed for opponents forces operations.

North Korean Cyber Attacks and Policy Responses: An Interdisciplinary Theoretical Framework

Study conducts a qualitative analysis of the objectives, forms, current trends, and characteristics of North Korean cyber terror attacks and suggests a way to ensure further progress towards a successful international policy response. Despite the capricious changes that have recently occurred within the international political atmosphere, North Korea continues to constitute a threat to international stability through its ongoing advancement of nuclear weapons and long-range ballistic missiles. The difficulty of attribution and the relatively low costs associated with launching cyber offensives make cyber terrorism an attractive option for North Korea. In an effort to direct attention to these circumstances, this study aims to share explicit experts’ perspectives in the field of cyberterrorism in South Korea. Consequently, the study purports to contribute to existing academic discussion and practices on cyber terror and cybercrime. Furthermore, this study adopts perspectives from criminological theoretical frameworks and the network theory of world politics to substantiate a more comprehensive view of North Korea’s cyberterrorism which considers the multifaceted and asymmetrical nature of cyberterrorism within the context of postmodern international politicsfections.

Editor's Note

Editor's Note

Multidisciplinary integrated design of long-range ballistic missile using PSO algorithm

In the case of the given design variables and constraint functions, this paper is concerned with the rapid overall parameters design of trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics for long-range ballistic missiles based on the index of the minimum take-off mass. In contrast to the traditional subsystem independent design, this paper adopts the research idea of the combination of the subsystem independent design and the multisystem integration design. Firstly, the trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics of the subsystem are separately designed by the engineering design, including the design of the minimum energy trajectory, the computation of propulsion system parameters, and the calculation of aerodynamic coefficient and dynamic derivative of the missile by employing the software of missile DATCOM. Then, the uniform design method is used to simplify the constraint conditions and the design variables through the integration design, and the accurate design of the optimized variables would be accomplished by adopting the uniform particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finally, the automation design software is written for the three-stage solid ballistic missile. The take-off mass of 29 850 kg is derived by the subsystem independent design, and 20 constraints are reduced by employing the uniform design on the basis of 29 design variables and 32 constraints, and the take-off mass is dropped by 1 850 kg by applying the combination of the uniform design and PSO. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed hybrid optimization technique.

Replica radar: The imperial war museum lets visitors play with a pioneering bomber display - [Resources_Geek Life

Ask a layperson about technology developed during the second World War and you'll likely get answers referring to the invention of atomic bombs, long-range ballistic missiles, or perhaps digital code breaking. Ironically, radar is often forgotten, despite it having a dramatic and direct impact on aerial combat during the war, and being a much bigger part of modern daily life than, say, atomic bombs or rockets.

Research on Intercepting Strategy of Multiple Kill Vehicle in Midcourse Defense Based on Multi-Sensors Fusion Method

The multiple kill vehicle (MKV) interceptor consists of a carrier vehicle and some small kill vehicles which can intercept multiple targets independently. According to the mission of midcourse interception for multiple warheads of long-range ballistic missile, this paper focused on the design and optimization of cooperative detection and guidance strategy. Based on multi-sensors fusion technology, the method of high-accuracy position measurement and view expansion of infrared sensors are proposed. The terminal guidance law is analyzed based on the data obtained by the methods. A digital real-time simulation system is developed to verify the feasibility of the method.

Editor’s note

ABSTRACTThe international standoff over North Korea’s nuclear weapons program has now dragged on for decades, and six-party talks among the two Koreas, China, Japan, Russia, and the United States have been suspended since 2009. Meanwhile, hopes that Pyongyang might curtail its weapons programs due to direct pressure from Beijing have been disappointed so far – already in 2016, the North has conducted its fourth nuclear weapon test and launched a long-range ballistic missile. Against this backdrop, how can nations in the region reinvigorate a diplomatic process toward a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula – or, failing that, how can they best handle the security challenges posed by a nuclear North?

Development of North Korea`s Long-range Ballistic Missiles and ROK`s Countermeasures

Development of North Korea`s Long-range Ballistic Missiles and ROK`s Countermeasures

Intercept 1961: From Air Defense SA-1 to Missile Defense System A [Scanning our Past

This article tells a little known story of the first anti-aircraft system SA-1 in the Soviet Union, the first nonnuclear intercept of a long-range ballistic missile, and emergence of missile defense.

Deterrence and Arms Control in a Second Conventional Age

Neither further nuclear reductions nor total nuclear disarmament are necessarily smart ideas, but proponents of these goals insist that we should move toward a second conventional age, in which nuclear weapons are either marginalized or completely removed from international politics. But in this world, deterrence and extended deterrence might not endure without boosting aspects of conventional arsenals. How might the U.S. deter adversaries and assure allies? The answer ultimately rests on conventional forces, especially long-range ballistic and cruise missiles. But these would have to be deployed in greater numbers to compensate for a “nuclear gap.” This might lead to a destabilizing arms race.

A trajectory for homeland ballistic missile defense

The Ground-based Midcourse Defense system is intended to protect the US homeland against limited attacks from intermediate- and long-range ballistic missiles. It has succeeded in intercepting target missiles and can engage a threat launched from North Korea or the Middle East, targeting any point in the USA. Nevertheless, high-profile struggles and program changes related to homeland ballistic missile defense (BMD) continue to make headlines. The most significant struggle has been a string of three straight intercept test failures over five years, followed by the recent successful intercept test in June 2014. This article first briefly reviews the current threats of concern. It then examines homeland BMD policy objectives, followed by the current major technical issues in supporting these objectives and, then, the likelihood of negating a warhead. Finally, it highlights major considerations that should be part of the trajectory the US government takes moving forward.

Indian nuclear forces, 2015

With several long-range ballistic missiles in development, the Indian nuclear posture is entering an important new phase. After nearly two decades of focusing on nuclear competition with Pakistan, New Delhi seems to now be paying attention to its future strategic relationship with China. India is estimated to have produced approximately 540 kilograms of weapon-grade plutonium, enough for 135 to 180 nuclear warheads, though not all of that material is being used. The authors estimate that India has produced between 110 and 120 nuclear warheads. The country’s fighter-bombers still constitute the backbone of its operational nuclear strike force, but it has made considerable progress in developing credible land-based ballistic missiles as well. They include the Agni-4, which will be capable of delivering a single nuclear warhead more than 3,500 kilometers, and therefore able to strike Beijing and Shanghai from northern India. In 2014, India conducted its first ever sea trial of a nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine.

Iran: sanctions halt long-range ballistic-missile development

Financial sanctions and oil embargoes imposed since December 2011 by the United States and European Union respectively have tightened the economic pressure on Iran and, along with United Nations Security Council sanctions imposed in June 2010, could yet deal a knock-out blow to the country's development of long-range ballistic missiles.

How US strategic antimissile defense could be made to work

The authors show that the United States has the ability to defend itself from long-range nuclear armed ballistic missiles if it builds the right systems—defenses based on stealthy drones that could shoot down ballistic missiles in powered flight after they have been launched from fixed known sites. This same system could defend Northern and Western Europe, and Northern Russia from large and cumbersome long-range ballistic missiles that Iran might build in the future. The defense system would have too few interceptors to pose any realistic operational threat to the strategic nuclear forces of Russia. Because of this, it would not create concerns that could cause Russia to withdraw from New START, or preclude the implementation of further arms reductions with Russia beyond those in New START. At the same time, the defense would be highly intimidating, robust, effective, and reliable against the adversaries of concern and would require no new technologies or science to build. It would replace the current Ground-Based Missile Defense (GMD) system and the future variants of the Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) designed to deal with long-range (not short-range) ballistic missiles, which do not have the capacity to work in real combat conditions. The situation is urgent, as Iran is already demonstrating countermeasures in flight tests that would render both the GMD and SM-3 long-range missile defense systems ineffective.

Generalization and transfer of advanced Ukrainian expertise in dynamic aerospace design to students

The presentation of the textbooks, A launch Vehicle as a Control Object (2004) and Launch Vehicles and Space Stages as Control Objects (2007, an updated and structured edition of the first book in Ukrainian), is discussed here. The textbooks are edited by Academician S.N. Konyukhov and the authors are I.M. Igdalov, L.D. Kuchma, N.V. Polyakov, and Yu.D. Sheptun. The textbooks are devoted to the problems of the theory and practice of dynamic design of long-range ballistic missiles (LRBM) and launch vehicles designed using “unconventional” approaches or original engineering solutions by a team of specialized companies lead by the Dniepropetrovsk Aerospace Center at Yuzhnoye SDO and Yuzhmash, with the participation of scientists of the Dniepropetrovsk National University (DNU) and the Institute of Technical Mechanics (ITM) at the National Academy of Science of Ukraine.

Introduction: Rewiring the "Nation": The Place of Technology in American Studies

early July 2006 the government of North Korea tested a long-range ballistic missile that was supposed to be able to deliver a nuclear warhead as far as Alaska. The missile test did not go well for North Korea. The longrange missile fell into the sea just minutes after launch.1 President George W. Bush's reaction to the news of the test was to boast that the freshly deployed (albeit limited) U.S. missile defense system would most likely have been able to protect the western continental United States from such a missile. Yes, I think we had a reasonable chance of shooting [the North Korean missile] down, Bush said at a news conference in Chicago two days after the failed Korean test. At least that's what the military commanders told me.2 Just the day before, Bush had reinforced his commitment to a missile defense system. Because I think it's in I know it's in our interests to make sure that we're never in a position where somebody can blackmail us, Bush said at a news conference in Washington, D.C., after meeting with Canada's Prime Minister Stephen Harper. so we'll continue to invest and spend. And since this issue first came up, we've made a lot of progress on how to toward having an effective system. And it's in our interest that we continue to work along these lines.3

Halting Proliferation of Long-Range Ballistic Missiles

This article presents a plan of action to begin the process of halting proliferation of long-range ballistic missiles. These missiles are deemed particularly dangerous due to their ability to deliver weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, biological, and chemical warheads) over intercontinental distances. Two treaties are proposed to help control the proliferation of these missiles. They are a Ballistic Missile Non-Proliferation Treaty and a Test Ban Treaty for Long-Range Ballistic Missiles. Provision is made for peaceful launches of satellites and space missions.

Software technology issues for a US National Missile Defense System

The United States is currently developing a national missile defense (NMD) system designed to protect its territory from attack by strategic (long-range) ballistic missiles. In September 2000, President Clinton decided to defer the NMD deployment decision to the next president. President George W. Bush reaffirmed his administration's commitment to deploying a ballistic missile-defense shield by advocating an even larger NMD system in a speech at the National Defense University on May 1, 2001. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, brought both the sense of deployment urgency for protection, and the call to transfer resources, from NMD to more likely terrorist threats. We focus exclusively on identifying and examining key technical challenges, primarily software-related, inherent to NMD.