Long Cayenne Pepper Research Articles

Comparative effect of organic fertilizers on growth and yield of long cayenne pepper in two agro-ecological zones of Nigeria

The objective of this study was to improve the growth and yield of long cayenne pepper using 10 organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers including tithonia compost (TC), poultry manure from a battery cage (PMB), poultry manure from dip-litter (PMD), pacesetter organic fertilizer (POF), sunshine organic fertilizer (SOF), ayeye organic fertilizer (AOF), brewery waste (BW), cow dung (CD), oil palm bunch ash (OPBA), cocoa pod husk (CPH) were collected at some specific locations in Oyo, Osun and Ondo States of Nigeria. The experiment was a 2?11 factorial experiment fitted into a randomized complete block design consisting of 10 organic fertilizers and the control at two locations (Ibadan and Ogbomoso) in 2008. The dosage of 130 kg N ha-1 of each of organic fertilizer was applied one week before transplanting. Six-week-old pepper seedlings were transplanted into a plot of 3m?2m (6m2) with one seedling per hill. Growth and yield data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) at p<0.05 was used to compare the means. The results of the experiment reveal that the overall macronutrient content of the ten evaluated organic fertilizer sources was presented in the following order: SOF>OPBA=CPH>AOF>TC>POF>PMB=CD>BW>PMD. All the organic fertilizers more significantly enhanced the growth and yield of pepper than the control. The best three organic fertilizers at both locations in terms of fruit length were TC=SOF=PM. Fruit size at Ogbomoso was relatively bigger than that of Ibadan. The total fruit yield was highest under TC, SOF, PM and PMD at both locations. In conclusion, variations existed in the nutrient composition of the organic fertilizer. Meanwhile, TC, PMB, PMD and SOF were significantly similar in their ability to improve pepper yield. Moreover, PMB, TC and SOF significantly enhanced the vegetative growth of pepper.

Entomotoxic efficacy of cayenne pepper, sweet pepper and long cayenne pepper oil extracts against Sitophilus zeamais infesting maize grain

The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cayenne pepper, long cayenne pepper and sweet pepper as protectant of maize grain against Sitophilus zeamais . The oils were extracted with n-hexane and used for the treatment of maize grains at dosage of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0ml. The experiment was divided into three parts, those that were infested immediately after treatment (initial), and those that were stored for three and six months before been infested with S. zeamais. At the initial storage, oil of cayenne and long-cayenne pepper achieved 100% insect mortality within 96h and also prevented the damage and weight loss of the treated grains at all dosages. The effect of these oils were significantly (p<0.05) different from sweet pepper which only achieved 60% insect mortality after 110h at 10.0ml dosage. The efficacy of the oil extracts of these peppers was greatly reduced as the period of storage of treated grains was increasing. The extract of sweet pepper was unable to achieve complete mortality of S. zeamais after 110h of exposure, yielding less than 60% mortality. After six months of storage, only the extract of cayenne pepper was able to achieve above 50% mortality at 10ml dosage. However, at all dosages, the oils did not affect the viability of the treated grains. These oils could be integrated into pest management strategy as they may increase the marketability of botanical base insecticides. Moreso, they are been eaten by consumers on daily basis.

Cayenne Pepper, Sweet Pepper and Long-cayenne Pepper Oil Extracted with Different Solvents as Fumigant Entomocide against &lt;i&gt;Sitophilus zeamais&lt;/i&gt; Infestation

N-hexane, ethanol and acetone extracts of cayenne pepper, sweet pepper and long cayenne pepper were used as fumigant under laboratory at ambient temperature of (28±2)˚C and (75±5)% relative humidity against infestation of Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize. The fumigant toxicity of the extracts were tested at dosage of 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, 2.0 ml, 5.0 ml and 10.0 ml and their effect was observed on the adult mortality and emergence as well as the ability of the insects to cause seed damage and weight loss. Regardless of the solvent used for the extraction of the peppers, cayenne pepper extract significantly effect high weevil mortality than other extracts. The n-hexane extract of this pepper was the only extract that achieved 100% mortality even at lowest dosage (0.5 ml) and it’s effect was significantly (p long cayenne pepper>sweet pepper while they were rated based on the solvent used for their extraction as n-hexane extract>ethanol extract>acetone extract. Therefore, the n-hexane extract of the three peppers could be introduced into pest management techniques since Capsicum spp. used showed high insecticidal effect and they were medicinal in nature. Nevertheless, n-hexane extract of cayenne pepper was recommended as fumigant for effective control of S. zeamais in storage.