Lombok Indonesia Research Articles

Contribution of Islamic University to Development of Mosque-Based Non-Formal Islamic Education in Lombok Indonesia

Although much research has been conducted in the context of the role of universities in society, research on the contribution of Islamic higher education in developing mosque-based non-formal education still needs to be explored. This study aims to identify the role of Islamic universities in supporting and strengthening the management of the Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur'an (TPQ) and mosque-based Majelis Taklim. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through interviews with university leaders, lecturers, mosque administrators, and students. Observations and documentation were taken from 5 campuses and 10 mosques in Mataram, Central Lombok, West Lombok, and East Lombok. Data analysis was carried out by organizing, interpreting, and narratively presenting data, then concluding. The study found that Islamic universities have contributed to preparing cadres of Islamic education, strengthening public awareness, conducting management capacity building, and providing religious speakers and campus ambassadors to strengthen TPQ and based-mosque Majelis Taklim. This study introduces a novel model in which Islamic universities and mosques collaborate to combine academic knowledge with community service within the framework of social capital theory. The success of this approach lies in creating a sustainable educational model and driving community transformation through a synergy grounded in Islamic values, transparent management, and the continuous development of human resources. This collaboration enhances religious education's relevance and fosters meaningful societal impact, making it a robust framework for educational and community advancement.

Enhancing Students’ Listening Skill Through Podcasts

This study investigates the effectiveness of podcasts in improving the listening skills of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. The research was conducted at Yusuf Abdussatar Islamic Vocational School in Kediri West Lombok Indonesia Indonesia (n=35, Grade 11), the research employed an experimental design with interviews and questionnaires. The findings reveal that majority of students (55%) perceived podcasts as facilitating easier learning, further integration strategies could be explored for optimal benefit. Although 75% found podcasts somewhat effective and enjoyable, further research could identify aspects to maximize their impact. Encouragingly, all students agreed that podcasts could improve listening skills. Additionally, 90% of participants reported increased motivation to learn further after using podcasts. The study also revealed positive perceptions regarding podcasts' contribution to keeping up with educational media trends (16.7% strongly agreed) and fostering independent learning (83.3% agreed or strongly agreed). These findings suggest that podcasts can be a valuable tool for EFL classrooms. Conclusion: Incorporating podcasts into EFL classrooms appears to be a promising method for improving listening skills and fostering a positive learning environment.

Internationalization Strategy for Sembalun Specialty Coffee to Meet Foreign Consumer Demand; Case Study of Kopikey SMEs, Lombok, Indonesia

Indonesia has a rapidly growing coffee industry. Various regions in Indonesia have their own coffee characteristics and are an attraction for each region, one of which is Sembalun coffee in East Lombok Regency, Lombok Indonesia. The problems that occur in the internationalization of Sembalun coffee provide our motivation to investigate how the internationalization strategy for Sembalun Lombok specialty coffee works using the fishbone diagram analysis tool, by knowing the cause and effect or root of the problem. carry out exports in destination countries. The internationalization of Sembalun specialty coffee is a very important internationalization strategy for those wishing to compete in the global market and achieve sustainable growth.

Analysis of Tourists’ Willingness to Pay for the Provision of Tourism Facilities: Case Study in Sunrise Land Beach, Lombok Indonesia

The development of Sunrise Land Beach in Lombok holds significant potential for bolstering tourism, making its advancement imperative and reliant on community support. To assess the allure of Sunrise Land Beach and gauge visitor interest, a comprehensive study was undertaken, aimed at analyzing the willingness of visitors to pay for its attractions. Employing quantitative research methodologies, including multiple linear regression analysis, this study delved into the factors influencing visitors' inclinations. Through a combination of interviews and observational data collection, researchers endeavored to elucidate the research objectives. The findings of this investigation revealed that visitors to Sunrise Land Beach demonstrated a considerable willingness to pay, with an average valuation of Rp. 7,657 (equivalent to 0.49 USD) per visit for tourism facilities. Moreover, the study identified Education and Environmental Awareness as variables that positively and significantly influenced visitors' willingness to pay for the provision of tourism amenities at Sunrise Land Beach.

THE RELATIONSHIPS OF RISKS AND INCOMES IN FARMING IN WETLAND AND DRYLAND OF NORTH LOMBOK, INDONESIA

Risk is a constant threat to businesses, including to farms in North Lombok, Indonesia. This paper examines the relationships between risks of farming and incomes generated by the selected farms. Data related to farm risks and incomes were collected from samples of farmers in wetland and dryland in North Lombok Indonesia, through series of face-to-face interviews on the farms or farmers houses, guided by a semi-structured questionnaire. Quantitative analyses were carried out on farm risk levels and income, followed by descriptive comparative on examination of the relationships between the two main variables of this paper. Results of analyses revealed that incomes from farming crops in North Lombok were not obviously related to the risks associated with the crop production and market. However, agricultural producers have selected crops for their suitability to the land (soil) and local climate, by which farming risks were reduced or eliminated, for sustaining farming activities, and expecting high farm income. Since crops have been suitable to the land climate, as well as to the acceptable risk, then agricultural production is continued and income is generated for the farmers.

Wealth Distribution among Sasak Communities Through Inheritance: A Quest for Justice

This research describes the study of economic justice in the distribution of inheritance among the Sasak people, Lombok Indonesia. Economic justice is a value championed in the study of Islamic business law (al-fiqh al-muāmalah) by considering the traditions, national laws, and other laws that live in society. Economic distribution justice is the main spirit in economic equality, one of which is through inheritance, which is also part of the maqāṣid al-sharī'ah value, namely hifz al-māl. This sociological research was conducted in several villages on Lombok Island: Sade, Bayan, Penujak, Teruwai, Pancor, and Aikmel. Data was collected through interviews, documentation, and observation of the community's perception, knowledge, and inheritance practice. In this study, it was found that the Sasak community prioritizes customary law, by considering Islamic law as a balance of justice. National law is only a last option when there is no way for dialog and discussion among the heirs. Sasak customary law, which is dominated by a patriarchal system, positions women lower than men. The presence of Islamic law opens the opportunity for women to enjoy economic justice (distribution). National law is used as an option when disputes and disagreements between heirs exist.

Subawe, traditional knowledge, and faith-based organisations promoting social capital and disaster preparedness: A Lombok, Indonesia case study

This article explores the relationship between a system of traditional and indigenous knowledge called subawe, social capital, and disaster risk reduction. The Sasak tribe in Lombok has an intricate ontological system of jinn, spirits, and deities that are part of their social capital and network. Through different channels some of the Sasak feel, dream, and experience spiritual nodes of energy, this sensation is called subawe. They receive these through dreams, songs, verses, possessions, and sensory experiences. Furthermore, during and after the earthquakes members of society received messages that Dewi Anjani, the spirit queen of Lombok created the earthquakes as punishment for desecrating her home, Mt. Rinjani. The largest faith-based organisation in Lombok, Nahdlatul Wathan embraces localised forms of Islam and types of traditional knowledge and stories. Through their widespread network on the island, they conveyed the stories and verses of old about subawe, previous disasters, and the messages brought through a belief system based on other dimensional planes (alam ghaib). As a result, heightened social capital was observed throughout the island in terms of aid, relief, and trauma healing. Data is gathered through interviews, participant observation, group sessions, document analysis, and oral histories. I argue that incorporating traditional knowledge in localised forms of disaster risk reduction will improve social capital and lessen the traumatic experiences of the victims. This article is written based on ethnographic and anthropological research in Lombok Indonesia during and after the August 2018 earthquakes and a second and third entry in 2019 and 2022.

Dive profile of traditional divers in Lombok Indonesia,risks for acute dysbaric disorder?

Traditional diver is assumed of having acute dysbaric disorder’ risk higher than recreational scuba divers. We described dive profile of traditional divers in Lombok Indonesia and possible risk of acute dysbaric disorder.
 Acute dysbaric disorder (ADD) symptoms were recorded and corresponding signs were observed. Dive profile is constructed based on justification measurement due to lack of measuring instruments used.
 As much as 30 traditional divers were interviewed to fill a questionnaire. All participants are male, aged 20-60 years old (mean 40.7). In one-week, average diving trip was 4.5 times, each trip averagely consists of 4.7 (3-8) dives. Average depth 20.2 (10-50) meters with descent rate and ascent rate of 5.3 meters/minute and 2.6 meter/minute, respectively. Average actual dive time was 55.3 minutes for first dive and 67.5 minutes for following dive. Average ADD’ complaints are: extreme tiredness 83.3%, tinnitus 76.6%, headache 73.3%, dizziness 73.3%, muscular pain 63.3%, forgetful 60%, vertigo 56.6% and decreased appetite 50%.
 In conclusion, repetitive dive and diving in a raw for three consecutive days are possible risks to ADD with 3 prominent symptoms are: extreme tiredness, tinnitus and headache.

Dive profile of traditional divers in Lombok Indonesia: risks for acute dysbaric disorder?

Traditional diver is assumed of having acute dysbaric disorder’ risk higher than recreational scuba divers. We described dive profile of traditional divers in Lombok Indonesia and possible risk of acute dysbaric disorder. Acute dysbaric disorder (ADD) symp toms were recorded and corresponding signs were observed. Dive profile is constructed based on justification measurement due to lack of measuring instruments used. As much as 30 traditional divers were interviewed to fill a questionnaire. All participants are male, aged 20 60 years old (mean 40.7). In one week, average diving trip was 4.5 times, each trip averagely consists of 4.7 (3 8) dives. Average depth 20.2 (10 50) meters with descent rate and ascent rate of 5.3 meters/minute and 2.6 meter/minute, res pectively. Average actual dive time was 55.3 minutes for first dive and 67.5 minutes for following dive. Average ADD’ complaints are: extreme tiredness 83.3%, tinnitus 76.6%, headache 73.3%, dizziness 73.3%, muscular pain 63.3%, forgetful 60%, vertigo 56. 6% and decreased appetite 50%. In conclusion, repetitive dive and diving in a raw for three consecutive days are possible risks to ADD with 3 prominent symptoms are: extreme tiredness, tinnitus and headache.

Competition of Ethnic and National Languages within the Home Domain: Insights from Multilingual Sasak Family Language Choice, Lombok – Indonesia

Competition of languages in a bilingual/multilingual society is a prevalent phenomenon found anywhere in the world. Competition occurs when the choice of one language is supposed to be ‘prioritized’ and ‘prized’ over the other(s) in any domain of language use. This study explores how this phenomenon of language use occurs in the homeland of Sasak vernacular speakers living in the city of Mataram, Lombok–Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which family members of native Sasak inhabitants in Mataram use their own ethnic language in their daily interaction with their family members in the home, neighborhood, and friendship domains. Data were collected through survey questionnaires, interviews, and participant observations by employing the concept of Fishman’s domain of language use, language attitude, and bilingualism. The obtained data were then selected, classified, and tabulated to compute the frequency of speech occurrences in each study group. The results show that participants displayed positive attitudes towards their mother tongue indicating that they were very proud of their first language. SL was almost always used in daily conversations in the home domain and neighborhood but the rate of use slightly differed among different age, education, and occupational groups. Societal bilingual patterns were portrayed in the stable use of both the indigenous language (SL) in the home domain and the national language (IL) in the official domain in education, government, or religious gatherings. Within the context of EGIDS by SIL, UNESCO developed from Fishman (1972) SL at present is still safe and maintained by its people.

Production and income dynamics of maize farmers in dryland of North Lombok Indonesia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a broad impact on several aspects of human life, one of which is the issue of food sufficiency. Due to social restrictions, the agricultural sector, which plays a role in producing food for humans, may be affected by the pandemic. These restrictions impact the availability of farm labor and the market, both agricultural inputs, and outputs. This three-year study examines the factors that influence the productivity and income of maize farmers in the dry sandy lands of Gumantar village, North Lombok, Indonesia, before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used was descriptive quantitative with 50 respondents, determined by accidental sampling. The study results showed variations in land area ownership of respondent farmers, variations in crop productivity, and variations in the form of products sold, such as selling cobs and selling grains. Maize production was more affected by rainfall, fertilizer availability, and pest disturbances than the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the Covid-19 pandemic impacted the income of maize farmers due to restrictions on the mobility of maize buyers.

Sentinel-1A image classification for identification of garlic plants using decision tree and convolutional neural network

The Indonesian government launched a garlic self-sufficiency program by 2033 to reduce imports by monitoring garlic lands in several central garlic areas. Remote sensing using satellite imageries can assist the monitoring program by mapping the garlic lands. A previous study has classified Sentinel-1A satellite imageries to identify garlic lands in Sembalun Lombok Indonesia using the decision tree C5.0 algorithm with three scenarios data input and produced a model with an accuracy of 78.45% using scenarios with two attributes vertical-vertical (VV) and vertical-horizontal (VH) bands. Therefore, this study aims to improve the accuracy of the classification model from the previous study. This study applied two classification algorithms, decision tree C5.0 and convolutional neural network (CNN), with two new scenarios which used two new combinations of attributes). The results show that the use of new data scenarios as input for C5.0 can not increase the previous model's accuracy. While the use of the CNN algorithm shows that it can improve the previous study's accuracy by 7.91% because it produced a model with an accuracy of 86.36%. This study is expected to help garlic land identification in the Sembalun area to support government programs in monitoring garlic lands.

Community Structure of Freshwater Microalgae in Jangkok River, Lombok Indonesia

The microalgae community structure in an aquatic ecosystem is strongly influenced by environmental factors. One of the rivers in Indonesia, located inhe island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, is the Jangkok River. The Jangkok River is widely used by residents for activities, including industry, cultivation, waste disposal, and others. This study aimed to determine the structure of microalgae community in Jangkok River. This research was carried out with an exploration descriptive method by quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were analyzed quantitatively by calculating the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), Uniformity index (E) and Dominance index (d). The results showed that the diversity of microalgae was categorized as moderate (H' = 2.66), uniformity index (E = 0.66), and the dominance index indicate that there were no dominant species with a value (D = 0.13).

Determination and Mapping of the Causes of High Risk of Earthquake Hazards Using Geoelectrical Data in Bengkaung, Batu Layar, West Lombok Indonesia

The Bengkaung area, Batulayar District, West Lombok is suspected to be very vulnerable to the risk of earthquake hazards. However, in this area no scientific research, either geological or geophysical, has ever been carried out regarding this hazard. How are the physical characteristics of the lithology and structure in the area to the risk of earthquake disaster? The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of the lithology and subsurface structures that were validated by the level of damage. The method used is the geoelectric method and local building damage data. The results of the 2D geoelectric anomaly modeling show the characteristics of the subsurface lithological layers in the form of sand, sandstone, clay, andesite lava faults, fresh andesite lava, and granite. The fault was detected in the center of the study area in a north-south direction. Earthquake hazard analysis shows that the cause of the high risk of earthquake hazard in Bengkaung Village is the presence of faults and cohesive lithology. The highest potential risk is in the southern part of Bengkaung Village. The southern area of ​​Bengkaung Village is dominated by clay that has cohesive properties, especially on the surface. The western and northern parts of Bengkaung Village have medium and low vulnerability to earthquake hazards. The last two areas are dominated by non-cohesive soils in the form of sandy soils and lapilli pumice

The greatness of the characteristics fiber pseudo stem outer layer of Musa acuminata origin lombok Indonesia as reinforcing polyester composite

Musa acuminata stem is an agricultural waste that has good economic potential. For this reason, efforts are needed to increase the saba banana tree not only as waste, but also to increase its function into natural fiber raw materials for polyester matrix composite reinforcement. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of Musa acuminata stem fibre (MASF) from North Lombok Regency, Indonesia Country as a reinforcement for polyester matrix composites. In this study, the fiber (specimen), taken from pseudo stem Musa acuminata, which consists of three layers: outer, middle and inner stem. The ratting process is done mechanically using a fiber extraction machine. To remove impurities in the fiber, alkaline treatment was carried out, by soaking for 24 hours in a 5 % NaOH solution. To determine the characteristics, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test was carried out for MASF morphology analysis, chemical compound content testing, heat resistance testing, and fiber tensile strength testing. The results showed that the MASF of the outer layer pseudo-stem has a strong character. Fiber morphology is different, between the outer, middle and inner layers pseudo-stems. The cellulose content (73.12 %) was higher than the fiber of Fimbristylis globulosa, hemp, jute, rice straw, wheat straw, seaweed, sorghum straw, coir, and alpha grass. Less resistant to heat degradation because mass loss occurs at a constant rate up to 245 °C. The highest MASF, in the outer pseudo-stem layer it is 40–50 cm from the base stem. Its characteristics are better than other natural fibers so that its potential can be further developed as a reinforcement for polymer matrix composites

Analysis of student responses to online learning in biology subjects at Senior High School of Central Lombok

The current Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on all aspects of human life, one of which is in the field of education. This study aims to determine how the senior high school students of North Batukliang central Lombok Indonesia respond to online learning in biology subjects. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The sampling technique in this research is saturated sampling. Meanwhile, the instruments used in this study were interviews and questionnaires. The study showed a positive response: the understanding indicator obtained a student response of 61%, and the independence indicator was 67%, which was included in the strong category. In the facility indicator, the student response value is 79% which is in a very strong category. The learning process still needs to be optimized and needs to be evaluated for the sake of improving online learning in the next period.

Outcome-Based Syllabus Designs for the Teaching of English to Students of Medicine Faculty, University of Mataram, Indonesia

The results of needs analysis from Competency Standards of Indonesian Medical Doctors (SKDI) and the Profile of Faculty of Medicine, the University of Mataram, Lombok Indonesia, show that English has a strong position for students at this Faculty. English is needed for study preparation, graduation requirements, apprenticeship in a hospital, a job competition, and professional development. However, the high demand for English is not supported by well-designed language programs. This article is a part of a three-year project aiming at redesigning language programs based on the gaps between necessities (TSA) and current levels of English. It employs R & D approach. From the analysis, seven syllabi are designed to fulfill various demands, i.e., short-term, mid-term, and long-term goals. These goals produce various kinds of syllabus such as General Academic Reading, Academic Reading, TOEFL Preparation Course (Listening, SWE, and Reading), English for Communication, and English for Presentation. Those syllabi are realized by employing different approaches to syllabus design, depending on the goals and characteristics of the courses. The study yields a number of approaches to cater to students’ needs, i.e., Structural-Based (for TOEFL – SWE section), Skill-Based (for Reading and Listening on TOEFL), Genre-Based (General Academic Reading and English for Presentation), and Content-Based (for academic English), and Topic-based. Syllabi (for English for Communication). This study signifies that different purposes of language learning need different approaches to syllabus design.

THE EFFECT OF AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA ON VOCABULARY RETENTION OF THE 9th GRADE STUDENTS AT AN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN LOMBOK, INDONESIA

This study focuses on investigating the effect of audio-visual media (AVM) on students’ vocabulary retention and determining students’ perception about learning using AVM. This experimental research was conducted at an Islamic Boarding School in West Lombok Indonesia. The population of the study were the 9th grade students. Two classes were selected using cluster random sampling method. Each class consists of twenty-eight students, 56 in total. The classes were divided into two groups; Experimental and Control group. Pre-Test and Post-Test design and Survey method were used in the data collection. The data indicate that there was no student in the experimental group classified into excellent category, but after doing the treatment the students’ scores in the experimental group improved well. The result of paired sample test showed the Sig. value was 0.00 < 0.05 which means there was a significant difference of students’ learning outcome.

Economic Valuation of Forest Resources from Drinking Water Customers’ Point of View: a Contingent Valuation Method Application

One of the steps taken to maintain and rehabilitate forest resources is to raise conservation funds from drinking water customers, which can be packaged in an environmental services payment scheme or PES. By taking the case of forest resource management in Central Lombok Indonesia, this study used the Contingent Valuation Method to find possible willingness to pay of drinking water customers for environmental service contributions. This study found that the willingness to pay (WTP) of drinking water customers for environmental service contributions that reflecting the economic valuation of Central Lombok Forest resources was an average of Rp. 3,260 (0.23 USD) per month. Factors that influence the magnitude of such values are The Level of Education, Income, Number of family members, and environmental awareness.

Community Economic Empowerment through Tourism Villages in Sesaot Village, Lombok, Indonesia

This research is a qualitative descriptive study that emphasizes on the form of community economic empowerment carried out in Sesaot Tourism Village, Lombok Indonesia, as well as the impact of Sesaot Village Tourism towards the economic empowerment of the community. The purpose of this study includes (1) Explaining the form of economic empowerment for the community in Sesaot Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency; (2) Assessing the impact of the tourism village program that has been implemented on the empowerment of the community of Sesaot Tourism Village (3) Analyzing tourism development in Sesaot Tourism Village. This study found that (1) Sesaot Village has considerable tourism potential but, in the process, it is still not optimal. The tourism management is currently only focused on the management of community recreation centers while the management of other tourist attractions has not been optimal; (2) Community involvement regarding the efforts to empower the economy is in the form of providing and supporting facilities that can meet the needs of tourists, including home stay, food and beverages, tourist services, tourist attractions, tourist facilities and the use of labor from the local community. (3) Sesaot Tourism Village activities have a direct or indirect impact on the economy of the community. (4) Based on the results of the SWOT analysis matrix obtained four strategies, among others: SO strategy (Strengths-Opportunities), ST strategy (Strengths-Threats), WO strategy (Weaknesses-Opportunities), and WT strategy (Weaknesses-Threats).