Logic Of Unity Research Articles

Об актуальности наследия Вл.С. Соловьева

The general characteristics of the materials of the International “Round table” “Relevance of V.S. Solovyov's legacy: philosophy, philology, cultural studies (modernity calls and possible answers)” devoted to the discussion of the problems of V.S. Solovyov's legacy research are presented. The initiator and organizer of the scientific event was the editorial board of the journal “Solovyov studies”. The discussion was attended by Russian and foreign specialists – philosophers, philologists, cultural scientists from the largest universities and academic centers in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Ivanovo, Nizhny Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Kostroma, Saransk, Astrakhan. Foreign participants are researchers of V.S. Solovyov's legacy from Italy, Spain, and France. It is noted that the discussion participants focused on the problems of historiography and source studies of Russian philosophy in general and the legacy of V.S. Solovyov. The relevance of the ethical vector of his historiosophical ideas is pointed out to the philosophical unreasonableness and politicization of modern attacks on Solovyov's legacy, the lack of a fundamental scientific and philosophical research program. Attention is drawn to the need for further research into the historical and philosophical context of the formation of V.S. Solovyov's philosophical views and their influence on the subsequent development of culture, on the prospects of the projects “logic of unity” and “philosophy of neo-unity” being developed. The relevance of the idea of Christian unity by V.S. Solovyov is noted. Promising directions for further philological study of his work are revealed. The role of the journal “Solovyov Studies” in the development of Russian and foreign Solovyov studies is determined.

Comparing session type systems derived from linear logic

Session types are a typed approach to message-passing concurrency, where types describe sequences of intended exchanges over channels. Session type systems have been given strong logical foundations via Curry-Howard correspondences with linear logic, a resource-aware logic that naturally captures structured interactions. These logical foundations provide an elegant framework to specify and (statically) verify message-passing processes.In this paper, we rigorously compare different type systems for concurrency derived from the Curry-Howard correspondence between linear logic and session types. We address the main divide between these type systems: the classical and intuitionistic presentations of linear logic. Over the years, these presentations have given rise to separate research strands on logical foundations for concurrency; the differences between their derived type systems have only been addressed informally.To formally assess these differences, we develop πULL, a session type system that encompasses type systems derived from classical and intuitionistic interpretations of linear logic. Based on a fragment of Girard's Logic of Unity, πULL provides a basic reference framework: we compare existing session type systems by characterizing fragments of πULL that coincide with classical and intuitionistic formulations. We analyze the significance of our characterizations by considering the locality principle (enforced by intuitionistic interpretations but not by classical ones) and forms of process composition induced by the interpretations.

The Value of Unity

The Value of Unity

Newman, Wesley and the logic of unity: An inductive approach to ecumenism

It is a privilege to be invited to contribute to the Festschrift dedicated to Professor Johan Buitendag, Emeritus Dean, Faculty of Theology and Religion at the University of Pretoria, South Africa. While his own work often examined the relationship between theology and natural science, he was also passionate about ecumenism and, in that spirit, the present essay utilised what might be described as an inductive approach to an important ecumenical question, the unity between Methodists and Catholics. Ecumenical dialogue is often undertaken from a theological and dogmatic perspective. This essay took a different approach in that it sought to inductively examine what might be described as the inner logic of two ecclesial systems (Methodist and Catholic). In doing so, it was premised upon an Aristotelian philosophical principle, epistemic fit, in that it presupposed that both these ecclesial bodies possess an intrinsic logic that can be brought to the surface in order to exhibit parallel contours in the wider ecclesial terrain.Contribution: This article fits well within the scope of HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies in that it contributed to a new subdiscipline in epistemology, which explores the conceptual and epistemological dimensions of ecclesiology. Using the concept of epistemic fit, the article offered an inductive approach to some of the practical issues that emerge in ecumenical dialogue.

Philosophy and pedagogy – the logic of dialectical unity

Philosophy and pedagogy – the logic of dialectical unity

Formal Specification for Implementing Atomic Read/Write Shared Memory in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Using the Mobile Unity

The Geoquorum approach for implementing atomic read/write shaved memory in mobile ad hoc networks. This problem in distributed computing is revisited in the new setting provided by the emerging mobile computing technology. A simple solution tailored for use in ad hoc networks is employed as a vehicle for demonstrating the applicability of formal requirements and design strategies to the new field of mobile computing. The approach of this paper is based on well understood techniques in specification refinement, but the methodology is tailored to mobile applications and help designers address novel concerns such as logical mobility, the invocations, specific conditions constructs. The proof logic and programming notation of mobile UNITY provide the intellectual tools required to carryout this task. Also, the quorum systems are investigated in highly mobile networks in order to reduce the communication cost associated with each distributed operation.

Balancing majority and minority rights: Lessons from Malaysia

This article seeks to unravel the complex, and often opaque state of ethnic relations in Peninsular Malaysia, a plural society , by focusing on the promotion and protection of minority rights. This country, as few others, is characterized by a very marked ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity, which even a casual observer cannot fail to notice. Ever since independence, the co-existence of these different communities turned out to be very complex and riddled with strong tensions. However, incidents of interethnic violence as well as deadly ethnic riots, were very rare across the national territory. The exception to this claim is the May 13th, 1969 ethnic riots that in turn have become the nation’s negative myth - a disruptive conflict that must never occur again. By using a case study approach of historical events, the findings of this article suggest that in order to avoid inter-ethnic violence, a politics of power sharing and affirmative action characterized by permanent negotiations and compromises are the order of the day. Co-existence, however, is still grounded in the social logic of unity in separation. This article seeks to illustrate the workings of the above-mentioned political setting where ethno-cultural and religious diversity are managed so as to ensure minority rights are secured and protected. Keywords: interethnic violence, Malaysia, multiculturalism, plural society, power sharing, unity in diversity

Metaphysical Discourse and the Logics of the Absolute

The article deals with the problem concerning the language of metaphysics. Metaphysics is understood as knowledge about the world as a whole. It is argued that such a perspective needs specific language tools for the description of metaphysical reality. The principal characteristic of the terms of the language aimed at describing the world metaphysically is their ultimate abstractness. It is stated that this abstractness not just corresponds but coincides with the ultimate simplicity of metaphysical reality, that is to say, the reality of the world as a whole. The analysis of the ultimate reality or the absolute leads to the conclusion that both such reality and its depiction is ruled by a special logic different from what is conventionally considered to be logical. Elements of this logic are the ultimate abstractions. As it turned out, logical laws do not apply to extremely abstract objects, first of all, the law of contradiction. In the logic of the absolute, mutually exclusive statements point both to the same and not the same reality. The analysis shows that this is not the dialectical logic of contradiction and denial, it is the logic of the consistent unity and coexistence of identity and difference. The use of identities and differences in their ultimate sense allows us to determine the basic concepts of a metaphysical description – being, existence, the existing, difference, identity. Basic concepts serve as a necessary and sufficient basis for a complete metaphysical description of the entire existing, that is, the world as a whole. Going beyond the basic concepts, we, however, move from the logic of ultimate reality to the usual logic of empirical (physical and mental) reality.

The principles of re-intonation of multinational folklore in the work of Ludwig van Beethoven (on the example of the collection of arrangements “Songs of Different Nations”)

The principles of re-intonation of multinational folklore in the work of Ludwig van Beethoven (on the example of the collection of arrangements “Songs of Different Nations”)

Timely, Transcendent, and Alive: Trinity in Jenson’s Understanding of the God–World Relation

Robert W. Jenson conceives of the God-world relation through a temporally inclusive idea of God that many critics find objectionable. Central to Jenson’s proposal is that God precedes the history that God lives with others by means of God’s own future. Does this make sense? In this essay I argue that it does, and that Jenson’s account needs to be demystified. The key to this, particularly, demonstrating the coherence of the God-time relation in view of the divine futurity, lies in the understanding of Jenson’s trinitarian theology. I will show that Jenson’s temporal idea of God, with a focus on his doctrine of the Spirit, is consonant with the trinitarian relations and should not be identified with the poles of created time in an overtly literal way. I also draw on Jenson’s trinitarian logic of divine unity to illustrate the reality of God in the process of time in his doctrine of creation.

Pianism as a Metasystem: Hermeneutical Development of the Scope

The aim of the paper is to develop the notion of pianism as a metasystem that contains a set of subsystems based on the application of the method hermeneutical analysis of the concept.Research methodology. The study is based on the methods of induction, deduction, principle of historicism, analysis and synthesis, as well as hermeneutical research method.Results. Every single definition of pianism does not reveal the full semantic scope and does not take into account the features of pianism. The fullness of the ideal definition of pianism depends on the consideration of the internal components in the inherent content. The definitions of pianism often appear as being mutually exclusive. However, the solution of the problem concerning the interpretation of pianism as a hierarchical system leads to the following definition of pianism.The piano is presented as a metasystem consisting of a number of interrelated subsystems (they are formed by the receptions; the technique of playing the piano; style; the type of performance; the types of music culture; schools; mastery; artistry; arts). The complexity of the components of the pianism enables to interpret its contents as a hierarchical system formed due to the known logic of unity, a kind of microcosmic content and functional entities, which are organically included in the semantic scope of the concept as multi-tiered integrity.Novelty. When studying and analyzing the given definitions of pianism, generalizing their meaning, an attempt is made to formulate the definition of pianism that will reflect the diversity of the interpretation of the notion.The practical significance. The evidence from this study suggests a variety of approaches to studying, generalization and systematization of the known definitions of pianism; establishing relations between its elements enables the application of its provisions in the field of piano performance and musicology.

THE LOGIC OF SCIENTIFIC UNITY? MEDAWAR, THE ROYAL SOCIETY AND THE ROTHSCHILD CONTROVERSY 1971-72.

In 1971 Lord (Victor) Rothschild published his report for the government, The organisation and management of government R&D, and Sir Peter Medawar launched a campaign for the election of Sir Karl Popper to Fellowship of the Royal Society. We explore these two developments in the contexts of the then current views of the role and purpose of science, and their underpinning philosophy. Although the political battle was won by Rothschild, resulting in major changes to the funding and management of applied R&D, we argue that, despite this, Medawar's campaign for Popper provided an embattled science community with a philosophical basis for defending pure research and the unity of basic and applied science.

Do you speak Arabic? Managing axes of adequation and difference in pan-Arab talent programs

This article explores pan-Arab corporate media management of linguistic diversity in televised talent show competitions from 2003 to 2013. Pan-Arab television operates on an ideology and profit logic of transnational Arab ethnolinguistic unity. However, entertainment programming does not utilize Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) as the interactional norm, despite state linguistic regimes. Instead, entertainment media has discursively constructed Mashreqi (eastern) Arabic as unmarked media Arabic. I argue that changes in talent program participation tactics are widening corporate media inclusion and legibility of non-“core” Arabics (such as Tunisian, Fessi, Emirati, non-standard social registers) in recognition of changing market sensibilities.

A European Cultural Identity - Myth, Reality or Aspiration?

1992 was supposed to herald a positive turning point in the history of Europe. However, as one cmmentator succinctly remarked, at the end of 1992 the European Community had to worry about protecting yesterday's accomplishments rather than facing tomorrow's challenges.1 The collapse of the Soviet empire at the end of 1991 raised old and new European demons. These originated from the re-invigoration of the nation-state and of ethno-nationalism in Europe. The continent became embroiled in a sometimes deadly clash between two opposing forces: the logic of global socio-economic interdependence that spells integration and the logic of ethnicity and nationality that demands separation. It is not inevitable that the logic of unity and interdependence will prevail and there is a consequent danger of a return to a dangerously fragmented Europe with potentially devastating consequences.

Streamlining progress-based derivations of concurrent programs

Abstract The logic of Owicki and Gries is a well-known logic for verifying safety properties of concurrent programs. Using this logic, Feijen and van Gasteren describe a method for deriving concurrent programs based on safety. In this work, we explore derivation techniques of concurrent programs using progress-based reasoning. We use a framework that combines the safety logic of Owicki and Gries, and the progress logic of UNITY. Our contributions improve the applicability of our earlier techniques by reducing the calculational overhead in the formal proofs and derivations. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our techniques, a derivation of Dekker’s mutual exclusion algorithm is presented. This derivation leads to the discovery of some new and simpler variants of this famous algorithm.

Hegel and Anselm on Divine Mystery

This article explores the relationship between religious and philosophical thought, taking the kindred approaches of Anselm and Hegel as illustrations of one particular approach to the issue. It is argued that both thinkers employ a of which tends to subordinate the religious to the philosophical. The most important result of this approach, for the purposes of this paper, is the blurring of the distinction between the human and the divine. The logic of unity, which ultimately implies the of the human and divine, renders the traditional understanding of God's mystery problematic. Yet, while Hegel is comfortable with this eradication of mystery, Anselm proceeds to offer a somewhat cryptic argument for divine mystery, which nevertheless respects the logic of unity to which he adheres.

Cuando los hijos se quedan en El Salvador: Familias transnacionales y reunificación familiar de inmigrantes salvadoreños en Washington, D.C.

Current migratory flows develope new social-cultural patterns such as transnational families. Using ethnographic data collected in Washington, D.C. and El Salvador, this article describes and analyzes the different strategies develop by Salvadoran immigrants living in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area to re-shape their domestic units. The immigrant modes of incorporation into the US societies and the logic of family unity affect these configurations to such an extent that until all the family members can be together again, the pre-migratory cultural patterns and those acquired in the host society affect in the transnational family configurations.

Recounting “History”: Documentary as Women's Cinema

In this paper, I examine the interview materials in Dai-Sil Kim-Gibson's Silence ‘Broken and Trinh Minh-Ha's Surname Viet Given Name Nam, in order to see whether they can give us immediate access to women's histories without denouncing the quest for objectivity in documentary representation. It is also for this reason that we need to reflect on whether it is possible to avoid trivializing the individuality of oral histories by the overarching rhetoric of documentary. Before we hail the so-called truthful representation of women's voices in documentary, I propose that we need to analyze documentary as an independent genre with both reflexivity and interactivity. Then, functions and limits of orality in film that have been considered as anchored in and, therefore, subjugated to the visual text, need to be reexamined, as well. In short, I will show that the documentary transcriptions of women's testimony lead us to move beyond the “received truth” of official history. By examining women's voices as central forces of historicization—rather than as mere informants—I will argue it is only when we release ourselves from the logic of unity and synchronicity that we understand the individual's subjectivity presented at the moment of interview.

The Devil Goes to Day Care: McMartin and the Making of a Moral Panic

A new type of sex crime was discovered during the 1980s-the abuse of very young children in rituals performed by robed and hooded satanists who also happened to be their day care providers. Satanic ritual abuse, as this new sex crime quickly came to be termed, appeared to be epidemic during the 1980s, and the McMartin Preschool was its first locus delicti. The cultural response to the McMartin case had all of the characteristics of what sociologists call a moral panic:1 it was widespread, volatile, hostile, and overreactive (Goode and Ben-Yehuda 156-59). From Texas to Tennessee, New Jersey to North Carolina, Maine to Michigan, hundreds of local day care centers were investigated for satanic ritual abuse and scores of day care providers, as many males as females, were arrested and put on trial. From the witness stand, their accusers, the three- and four-year-old children once entrusted to their care, accused them of sexual abuse during satanic ceremonies that included such ghastly practices as blood-drinking, cannibalism, and human sacrifices. Despite the absence of evidence corroborating the children's accounts, many of the day care providers were convicted, and to the cheers and jeers of their deeply divided communities, were sentenced to what often were draconian prison terms. In the accusatorial post-McMartin climate, day care providers, surrogate parents to this country's youngest children, took measures to protect themselves from their false allegations (Bordin 80-81). They installed video cameras to record all of their activities, opened up private spaces to public view by taking down doors to bathrooms and closets and, fearing the act now could be misinterpreted, stopped hugging and holding their young charges. State legislatures also took measures. They hurriedly passed laws that mandated the fingerprinting and criminal records check of all current and prospective day care providers; state licensing agencies tightened regulations and by legislative fiat were given more teeth to enforce them. Yet insurance liability premiums soared, forcing many small day care centers out of business and many more, unlicensed and uninsured, to go underground. Heralded at the start of the decade as playgrounds for children, day care centers were feared at its end as playthings of the devil. The aim of this present article is to analyze the moral panic about satanic day care centers that spread across this country during the 1980s. First, it examines the cultural context of the moral panic by focusing on the social forces and strains peculiar to that decade that not only gave rise to it, but that made what at first blush must appear to be the most innocuous of social institutions, the local day care center, the scene of the most horrific of sex crimes. Second, it interprets the McMartin Preschool case as the trigger that set off the moral panic, and then analyzes the roles that interest, grassroots, and professional groups played in spreading it across the country. Third, the article explains why, after nine long and bitter years, the moral panic finally ended and what moral, if any, can be derived from it. Cultural Context of the Moral Panic An insightful examination of the social change most critical to the rise of the satanic day care center moral panic during the 1980s is provided by David Bromley and Bruce Busching who examine the changing relation between what they call the convenantal sphere and the contractual sphere of social life at the beginning of that decade. The convenantal sphere is that of the family. Within it, relations are built upon mutual commitment, bonding, and emotional expressiveness, and are articulated through the logic of moral involvement and unity. The contractual sphere, in contrast, is that of the market economy where relations are based upon mutual agreement, negotiation, and exchange, and are articulated through the logic of vested interest and shrewd involvement. …

On the logic of UNITY

The UNITY approach to specification, design, and verification of parallel programs expounded by Chandy and Misra (1988) contains a programming notation, and a programming logic to express and prove properties of UNITY programs. For progress properties there is a basic notion leads-to, which comes in two versions. One version — here called leads-to — explicitly expresses progress of fair execution sequences of a UNITY program. Another prima facie stronger version — here called ↦ — is defined by infinitary closure conditions from the more elementary notion ensures. This version is used in the actual proofs of program properties given in (Chandy and Misra, 1988). In this paper these notions are investigated from a foundational point of view. A principle of transfinite induction for ↦ is introduced, and it is proved that every true leads-to proposition can be obtained by application of one single instance of this principle. Semantic completeness of ↦ w.r.t. its intended semantics leads-to is a corollary. Aspects of the complexity and computational power of UNITY are analyzed. The halting problem for fair executions of UNITY programs is shown to be Π 1 1-complete, and it is proved that a nondeterministic numerical function is computable by a UNITY program if and only if its graph is ∑ 1 1 and its halting set is a Π 1 1-subset of its domain. In order to retain completeness of the principle of transfinite induction for ↦, arbitrarily large recursive ordinals are needed as heights of well-founded relations. A formalized finitary proof system for ↦ is introduced and proved syntactically correct and complete relative to the set of true Π 1 1-sentences of a second-order assertion language. More precisely, the well-founded relation itself and the auxiliary assertions used can be expressed in a first-order language. It is only the hypothesis of well-foundedness, which has to be expressed by a Π 1 1 formula. In view of the Π 1 1-completeness phenomenon, this result is best possible.