Location Privacy In VANETs Research Articles

Cryptographic key distribution using artificial intelligence for data security and location privacy in VANET

Location privacy & data security in VANET are now becoming most important in today’s paradigm of information age. Unauthorized access to location information of vehicles may pose a significant security threat, thus it is necessary to secure this information from intruders. In proposed work, Artificial intelligence based RF range approximation is used with multi key controlled cryptography for enhancement of location privacy and data security in service location protocol of VANET’S.

Hybrid pseudonym change strategy for location privacy in VANET: protecting location privacy in VANET

Hybrid pseudonym change strategy for location privacy in VANET: protecting location privacy in VANET

Hybrid pseudonym change strategy for location privacy in VANET: protecting location privacy in VANET

In vehicular ad hoc networks, the vehicles are connected to exchange information to ensure the safety of users. However, its application and real-world deployment are condemned by the privacy risks which may violate the user's confidentiality. The nature of these networks prioritises the safety applications and facilitates the eavesdropping of the attacker. The vehicle periodically broadcasts beacons containing its spatiotemporal information. Moreover, these beacons need to be signed using its temporal public key. Since, none of the above facts can be eliminated, a solution that keeps them yet achieves the location privacy is needed. In this paper, we intend to preserve it by using a robust pseudonym change strategy. The proposed method aims to confuse the attacker when the pseudonym is updated. It is hybrid as it takes the advantage of hiding within the crowd when the update happens in dense roads, and if the vehicle is alone, it executes an obfuscation method to thwart linkability. The proposal is simulated using NS2 against global passive attacker that executes semantic and syntactic linking attacks. The simulation showed high privacy preservation level and strong resiliency to the above-mentioned attacks. A comparative study was added to further illustrate the robustness of our proposal.

CPESP: Cooperative Pseudonym Exchange and Scheme Permutation to preserve location privacy in VANETs

In VANETs, vehicles exchange information to/from the surrounding entities (vehicles, infrastructure, network, device, pedestrian) in wireless mode for various safety and non-safety applications. This Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) wireless communication poses privacy risks because it can be exploited to collect the vehicle's trajectories. Preserving the location privacy is an essential aspect in a vehicular network. Various pseudonym changes-based privacy-preserving schemes have been proposed to protect location privacy in VANETs. However, when evaluated using essential privacy metrics in the simulation, the performance of these schemes found low. In this paper, we propose an enhanced scheme called Cooperative Pseudonym Exchange and Scheme Permutation (CPESP) to preserve the users' privacy in a VANETs. In our schemes, we allow vehicles to exchange their pseudonyms cooperatively and propose a novel mechanism where like pseudonym the schemes can also be changed (permute) by vehicles to create confusion for the adversary that can further improve the privacy. Since we are exchanging the pseudonyms between vehicles, it also eliminates location tracking by service providers. We evaluate the strength of our proposed scheme and compare it with existing mechanisms on a PREXT simulation platform. We use several popular privacy metrics such as anonymity set size, entropy, traceability, normalized traceability, and average confusion for comparison. Simulation results reveal that our scheme has the great potential to preserve the location privacy in VANETs and can also be enhanced to deliver much better than the existing schemes.

Estimation of Neighbors Position privacy scheme with an Adaptive Beaconing approach for location privacy in VANETs

In this work, we consider the issue of designing a location privacy scheme that preserve the Quality of Service (QoS) of the road safety applications. We propose a privacy mechanism, denoted Estimation of Neighbors Position privacy scheme with an Adaptive Beaconing approach (ENeP-AB), in which the change of pseudonym is based on the number of neighbors and their predicted positions. Then, we show that the Adaptive Beaconing approach, used to manage efficiently the wireless channel and to provide reliable vehicular communications, guarantees the same performances in terms of location privacy as well as the radio silence technique. Hence, the proposed privacy scheme is extended with an Adaptive Beaconing approach, called Extended Adaptive Beaconing Rate Protocol (E-ABRP). Our simulations demonstrate clearly that the beaconing rate approaches create a confusion in location and time where the change of pseudonym occurs while improving the quality of safety applications.

Sybil attack resistant location privacy in VANET

Sybil attack resistant location privacy in VANET

Safety-Aware Location Privacy in VANET: Evaluation and Comparison

VANET safety applications broadcast cooperative awareness messages (CAM) periodically to provide vehicles with continuous updates about the surrounding traffic. The periodicity and the spatiotemporal information contained in these messages allow a global adversary to track vehicle movements. Many privacy schemes have been proposed for VANET, but only few schemes consider their impact on safety applications. Also, each scheme is evaluated using inconsistent metrics and unrealistic vehicle traces, which makes comparing the actual performance of different schemes in the wild more difficult. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap and compare different privacy schemes not only in terms of the privacy gained, but also their impact on safety applications. A distortion-based privacy metric is initially proposed and compared with other popular privacy metrics showing its effectiveness in measuring privacy. A practical safety metric which is based on Monte Carlo analysis is then proposed to measure the QoS of two safety applications: forward collision warning and lane change warning. Using realistic vehicle traces, six state-of-the-art VANET privacy schemes are evaluated and compared in terms of the proposed privacy and safety metrics. Among the evaluated schemes, it was found that the coordinated silent period scheme achieves the best privacy and QoS levels, but fully synchronized silence among all vehicles is a practical challenge. The CAPS and CADS schemes provide a practical compromise between privacy and safety since they employ only the necessary silence periods to prevent tracking and avoid changing pseudonyms in trivial situations.

Urban pseudonym changing strategy for location privacy in VANETs

The development of an effective pseudonym changing strategy to protect the location privacy of the vehicular adhoc network's VANET's users is still an open problem in the literature. In this paper, we first propose a comparison between the existing pseudonym changing strategies. This comparison is based on their effectiveness to prevent the pseudonyms linking attacks and based on the costs involved in changing a pseudonym. We also propose a new pseudonym changing strategy adapted for the urban environment, called urban pseudonym changing strategy UPCS. UPCS is based on the construction of silent mix zones SMs at signalised intersections. UPCS can be configured to use either pseudonyms changing technique or pseudonyms exchanging technique inside these SMs. The analyses show a good level of prevention against the pseudonyms linking attacks. The performances are evaluated in various vehicular scenarios. The obtained results show high levels of location privacy protection can be achieved using UPCS with pseudonyms changing configuration.

Urban pseudonym changing strategy for location privacy in VANETs

The development of an effective pseudonym changing strategy to protect the location privacy of the vehicular adhoc network's (VANET's) users is still an open problem in the literature. In this paper, we first propose a comparison between the existing pseudonym changing strategies. This comparison is based on their effectiveness to prevent the pseudonyms linking attacks and based on the costs involved in changing a pseudonym. We also propose a new pseudonym changing strategy adapted for the urban environment, called urban pseudonym changing strategy (UPCS). UPCS is based on the construction of silent mix zones (SMs) at signalised intersections. UPCS can be configured to use either pseudonyms changing technique or pseudonyms exchanging technique inside these SMs. The analyses show a good level of prevention against the pseudonyms linking attacks. The performances are evaluated in various vehicular scenarios. The obtained results show high levels of location privacy protection can be achieved using UPCS with pseudonyms changing configuration.