Local Treatment Of Inflammatory Diseases Research Articles

Swellable mucoadhesive hydroxypropyl methylcellulose microparticles incorporating ibuprofen for the local treatment of inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity

Swellable mucoadhesive hydroxypropyl methylcellulose microparticles incorporating ibuprofen for the local treatment of inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity

Клінічна ефективність місцевого лікування запальних захворювань тканин пародонту в осіб підліткового та юнацького віку, що палять

The high prevalence of periodontal disease requires the development of effective treatment and prevention measures in teenagers and young adults who smoke. Purpose - to study the effectiveness of the proposed local treatment of inflammatory periodontal disease in teenagers and young adults who smoke. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, changes in periodontal tissues before and after treatment were studied in 123 teenagers and young adults aged 15 to 24 years, which were divided into groups: group I involved 31 people who regularly smoke traditional cigarettes; to group II - 26 people who regularly smoke electronic cigarettes (Weipi); to group III - 30 people who regularly smoke tobacco heaters (IQOS); to group IV - 36 people without a bad habit of smoking. The dynamics of OHI-S, PMA and PBI indices before and after treatment with the proposed method of treatment - a combination of Stomolik solution and Holisal gel in comparison with the generally accepted treatment was analyzed. Results. During the treatment process, a positive trend of the studied indices was registered in all observation groups, but the best results were registered in the groups where the proposed local treatment was used, which is confirmed by the data of the objective survey. Conclusions. Comparison of the results of local treatment of inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues in the observation groups with different methods indicates the advantages of the proposed method of treatment - a combination of Stomolik solution and Holisal gel. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local ethics committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the author. Key words: teenagers and young adults, catarrhal gingivitis, local treatment, smoking.

Physicochemical and preclinical pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluation of LK-423—a new phthalimido-desmuramyl-dipeptide derivative with immunomodulating activity

Introduction: LK-423 is a new phthalimido-desmuramyl-dipeptide derivative with immunomodulating activity. As optimized delivery to the site of action appears crucial for further preclinical development of LK-423, the aim of this study was to perform a physicochemical and preclinical pharmacokinetic and toxicological evaluation. Methods: The solubility, partition coefficient, permeability, and stability profile were determined. Pharmacokinetics were evaluated in rats following intravenous and oral application of LK-423, and in dogs after intravenous administration and oral administration of microcapsules, designed for colon-specific delivery of LK-423 based on pH-, time-, and enzyme-controlled release mechanisms. Additionally, the acute and subchronic toxicity was examined. Results and discussion: LK-423 is hydrophilic, sparingly to slightly soluble, and poorly permeable. Stability profile in aqueous solution is pH dependent. A pharmacokinetic study following intravenous application to rats and dogs revealed that LK-423 is rapidly eliminated with a short terminal phase half-life, and high plasma clearance, as well as a limited distribution to the peripheral tissue. Oral bioavailability of LK-423 is low, presumably due to low permeability. Debris of insoluble microcapsule coating in feces and obtained plasma concentration profiles confirm that LK-423 microcapsules are a promising approach for local treatment of inflammatory diseases of the large intestine. Acute and a subchronic toxicity results indicate that LK-423 is a safe and nontoxic drug under the applied experimental conditions.

Liposomes as possible carriers for lactoferrin in the local treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Liposomes prepared from naturally occurring biodegradable and nontoxic lipids are good candidates for local delivery of therapeutic agents. Treatment of arthritis by intra-articular administration of anti-inflammatory drugs encapsulated in liposomes prolongs the residence time of the drug in the joint. We have previously shown that intra-articular injection of human lactoferrin (hLf), a glycoprotein that possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, into mice with collagen-induced arthritis reduces inflammation. We have now investigated the possibility of using liposome-entrapped hLf as a delivery system to prolong hLf retention at sites of local inflammation such as the rheumatoid joint. Entrapment of hLf in negatively charged liposomes enhanced its accumulation in cultured human synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, compared with positively charged formulations or free protein. However, in the presence of synovial fluid, positively charged liposomes with entrapped hLf were more stable than the negatively charged formulations. In vivo experiments in mice with collagen-induced arthritis showed that the positive liposomes were more efficient in prolonging the residence time of hLf in the inflamed joint as compared with other liposomes. Thus, the amount of hLf retained in the joint after 2 hr was 60% of the injected dose in the case of positive liposomes and only 16% for negative pH-sensitive liposomes. The results suggest that entrapment of hLf in positively charged liposomes may modify its pharmacodynamic profile and be of therapeutic benefit in the treatment of RA and other local inflammatory conditions.