Value Of Local Knowledge Research Articles

The influence of air movement in providing thermal comfort in naturally ventilated old Mosque Gunong Kleng, West Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract Mosques were created to fulfill the needs of Muslims in prayer, therefore thermal comfort is critical to consider so that the congregation is comfortable and can focus and feel at home while praying. The typology of ancient mosques reflects the community’s traditions and culture, as well as local knowledge values. Natural ventilation, which acts as a natural air exchange mechanism, is one facet of thermal comfort. The Gunong Kleng Mosque, founded in 1927, is one of West Aceh Regency’s ancient mosques. However, design adjustments have been made, such as the installation of wooden boards to on terraced roof. The air flow from the building’s roof is blocked, resulting in inefficient air exchange. The goal of this study is to determine thermal performance and the effect of air movement on thermal comfort at the Old Gunong Kleng Mosque. This study employed a quantitative approach using field measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity. An anemometer and a USB data logger were utilized to collect data. Field measurements revealed that ET comfort in the mosque was 78% too hot, 16% warm comfortable, and 6% for optimal comfort. Ansys Fluet simulation with two types of situations was used to forecast air speed, demonstrating that changes in the design of the stepped roof had a significant impact on the air speed within the mosque. When opposed to an open roof, a closed roof slightly lowered the ambient temperature in the prayer room.

Book Review ' Antropology and History in Local Wisdom’

The book titled Anthropology and History in Local Wisdom contains 15 chapters. All titles are interconnected between history and anthropology. The titles are Almanak and Pelangkah: A Guide to Javanese Nomads and the Duano Tribe; International Barter Trade and Socioeconomic Change: A Case Study of Orang Asli Kuala in Pontian, Johor; The Stability and Persistence of Malays in Western Australia Effects of Cognitive and Psychological Influences; Local Wisdom in Traditional Beauty and its Transformation; The Dynamism and Vitality of the Proto-Malay Orang Asli Language in Malaysia; Shipping Technology and the Legacy of Malay Navigation in the Malacca Straits in the 18th and 19th Centuries; "Antu" in the Traditional Culture of the Iban Community. Other titles are Knowing Culture: The Value of Local Knowledge in Sabah; Local Knowledge of Urban Fishermen in Gaya Island, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah; Fishing and Catching Seafood: A Local Knowledge Technique in Beserah, Pahang; Honoring Traditional Food Based on Freshwater Fish in Lenggong Valley, Perak; Assimilation of Malay Culture Against Immigrant Culture in Malaysia; Origin of Minangkabau Custom; The Meugang Tradition in the Acheh Community in the City of Medan, North Sumatra and the Epistemological Reconstruction of the Islamic Malay World View. All of these writings are the result of research by academics in various fields related to local wisdom in the region. So overall no matter what the field, almost all of them are related to local wisdom. This certainly symbolizes the contribution of the knowledge of past communities in this region that have developed in almost all fields of knowledge. There are many benefits that can be gained from reading this book.

Integration of local knowledge in the development of environmental sensitivity maps

The environmental sensitivity maps would be envisaged as an elaborated scheme exchanging knowledge among numerous stakeholders at decision-making and execution levels. Local knowledge, scientific knowledge and public knowledge are required to associate toward the development of environmental sensitivity maps, particularly the identification of shoreline types and its sensitivity; compiling biology, human-use resource information; ranking, prioritising sensitive sites and resources at risk. Especially, the value of local knowledge has been recognised over time and the need for its effective integration into research and development has grown significantly. One of the options to enhance the role of this knowledge should be participatory tools emphasising researchers-facilitation to obtain indigenous perceptions as well as increase environmental sensitivity maps adoption in the planning, regulatory community in islands and coastal areas.

Action Research to Transform Early Language Practice: Exploring Representations of Plurilingualism in a Private Nursery

<p style="text-align:justify">Through an exploration of language practices in an early years setting, this paper aims to examine discourses about transforming monolingual practice generated during an internally driven action research. Based on a small private nursery in an affluent part of London, this action research was conducted with the intention of reviewing internal practices that support young children who speak English as an additional language (EAL). Parents and practitioners took part in an initial questionnaire (n=21). This was followed by semi-structured interviews (n=3) and a focus group (n=5) with practitioners. The data was analysed considering some of the theoretical points proposed by Bourdieu and the discourse analysis tools suggested by van Leeuwen. Despite the recognition of potential barriers, encouraging positive dispositions towards language diversity were identified. The most significant feature of our examination was the value of local knowledge and the diverse language repertoires encountered in the setting. Our analysis evidence that action research can empower practitioners to challenge monolingual mindsets and to move towards an exploration of alternative (plurilingual) ideas, despite the monolingual ethos imposed by the curriculum and other external regulatory forces.</p>

Bottom-up citizen engagement for health emergency and disaster risk management: directions since COVID-19

Bottom-up citizen engagement for health emergency and disaster risk management: directions since COVID-19

External stakeholders’ attitudes towards and engagement with local knowledge in disaster risk reduction: are we only paying lip service?

In the research and policy environment, local knowledge (LK) is increasingly seen as an important component of building the resilience of communities and delivering sustainable disaster risk reduction (DRR) approaches tailored to local contexts. Many studies focus on documenting LK in different contexts; however, far less emphasis has been given to understanding how external stakeholders (i.e. government, NGOs, consultants) engage with and perceive the value of LK for DRR. Through an intepretivist epistemology and a case study research design, this paper sets out to fill in this gap by engaging with external stakeholders involved with community-based flood risk management in Malawi. It bases its findings on a thematic analysis of qualitative data collected through focus group discussions (n = 7) and key informant interviews (n = 69) conducted in 2016 and 2017. The findings show that although there is an appreciation of the importance of LK in rhetoric, its inclusion in DRR practice remains limited. The strong dichotomy between local and scientific knowledge persists and it has led to the further marginalisation of LK. The international policy and research push for LK in DRR is therefore not translated to realities on the ground. To the best of our knowledge, this presents one of the first studies of external stakeholders' attitudes of LK and how these influence its overall position in DRR. The paper calls for further development of knowledge co-production processes that will be based on giving equal weight, recognition and importance to LK.

Ethnographic Study of the Community of Ecological Village, Temas Village, Batu City as a Source of Social Studies Learning

Cultivating the values of ecological wisdom in fostering a love for the environment through social studies learning is so important today because it can provide solutions to the negative impact of human anthropocentric views and provide insight into the nation's culture's knowledge. This research aims to provide a cultural description of the ecological village community groups who have local wisdom in the environment. The value of local knowledge is internalized in social studies learning to build a harmonious relationship between humans and nature. This study uses a qualitative approach to a new ethnographic type. Subjects are vital informants in the ecological village community. The results showed that the ecological village community had local wisdom, including socio-cultural values, including helping each other (“gotong royong”), shame culture. Then the value of environmental care includes the value of environmental sustainability, education, and waste management. The value of caring for the environment takes organic farming system activities, prohibitions raising roads, environmental planning patterns, healthy bazaar activities for waste bank management, and hand skills in utilizing waste. This study's considerations can be a reference or as a source of sociocultural-based social studies learning at various levels of formal, non-formal, and informal education.

Scaling out agroecology from the school garden: the importance of culture, food, and place

ABSTRACTWe explore potential and limitations for agroecological scaling through formal education, using the LabVida school gardens program in Chiapas, Mexico as a case study. Through LabVida training, educators gained an appreciation of agroecology and learned to apply agroecological practices, although their understanding of agroecological principles and scientific process remained limited. The greatest program impact was on educators’ eating habits, and their perception of the value of local knowledge and its relevance to school work. The case study demonstrates the potential of garden and food-system work to leverage institutional resources in ways that can improve educational outcomes, including agroecological literacy. Increased awareness of agroecology and the value of local knowledge may intersect with other drivers of scaling, including markets, organizational fabric, and policy.

‘Learning for resilience': Developing community capital through flood action groups in urban flood risk settings with lower social capital

The role of civil agency in preparing and adapting to changing risk is an increasingly critical element within devolved local flood risk management. However, effective civil agency for flood resilience needs to draw on, and if necessary develop, community capital. Community Action Groups form one model for local resilience building for flood risk, and one actively supported by some governments. This research evaluates the participatory model of flood group development involving horizontal support rather than top-down or bottom-up generation. The process involved nascent groups working with an NGO facilitator in the implementation of a set of processes framed in the context of 'learning for resilience' that supported flood group development in a situation of challenged social capital (lower socio-economic status; health issues, lack of previous flood experience) in the UK. The methodology involved repeat semi-structured interviews with flood group members and flood risk management (FRM) agencies who worked with them through the process, as well as observation of flood group meetings. Results outline how groups emerge from transient and disconnected communities, the value of local knowledge, evolving communication skills and agency, normalisation of group members within participatory processes, frustrations within these processes, group sustainability and FRM agency perspectives. Discussion then critiques the co-working/partnership model and assesses its implications for social 'learning for resilience' within challenged flood groups with variable social capital. The authors propose a framework ('The 6Ss') for anticipating concerns or barriers within such participatory processes as a guide to future local urban DRR practice.

CULTURAL ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF RATTAN GARDEN: THE HIDDEN VALUES

Ecosystem Services (ES) are services provided to local communities by natural resources. Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) are the nonmaterial benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. ES, and particularly CES are often omitted from cost-benefit analyses associated with development plans in favour of a focus on maximizing economic benefits. Consequently, economic development can lead to the disappearance of cultural values such as local knowledge, and cultural identity. This research attempts to understand and analyze CES and benefits provided by rattan gardens for local communities in Tumbang Runen village in Indonesia. Information about CES was obtained through in-depth interviews with key informants, focus group discussions with farmers, and observations of daily activities of local people. This research revealed that residents of Tumbang Runen village attach strong cultural importance to their rattan gardens, including spiritual, heritage and local knowledge values. The spiritual aspects of CES include the use of some plant species in rituals and healing ceremonies. Local people consider rattan to be historically important, intimately linking people with their ancestors and their belief system. Rattan gardens and rattan cultivation also serve as cultural symbols, facilitating the maintenance of practices, beliefs, and knowledge across generations. The importance of rattan gardens to the local community should be communicated to policy makers and included in sustainable development strategies Keywords: Cultural ecosystem services, rattan garden, local community, sustainable development

A rights-based approach to science literacy using local languages: Contextualising inquiry-based learning in Africa

This article addresses the importance of teaching and learning science in local languages. The author argues that acknowledging local knowledge and using local languages in science education while emphasising inquiry-based learning improve teaching and learning science. She frames her arguments with the theory of inquiry, which draws on perspectives of both dominant and non-dominant cultures with a focus on science literacy as a human right. She first examines key assumptions about knowledge which inform mainstream educational research and practice. She then argues for an emphasis on contextualised learning as a right in education. This means accounting for contextualised knowledge and resisting the current trend towards de-contextualisation of curricula. This trend is reflected in Zanzibar’s recent curriculum reform, in which English replaced Kiswahili as the language of instruction (LOI) in the last two years of primary school. The author’s own research during the initial stage of the change (2010–2015) revealed that the effect has in fact proven to be counterproductive, with educational quality deteriorating further rather than improving. Arguing that language is essential to inquiry-based learning, she introduces a new didactic model which integrates alternative assumptions about the value of local knowledge and local languages in the teaching and learning of science subjects. In practical terms, the model is designed to address key science concepts through multiple modalities – “do it, say it, read it, write it” – a “hands-on” experiential combination which, she posits, may form a new platform for innovation based on a unique mix of local and global knowledge, and facilitate genuine science literacy. She provides examples from cutting-edge educational research and practice that illustrate this new model of teaching and learning science. This model has the potential to improve learning while supporting local languages and culture, giving local languages their rightful place in all aspects of education.

Knowing Their Place: The Blue Hill Observatory and the Value of Local Knowledge in an Era of Synoptic Weather Forecasting, 1884-1894.

Argument The history of meteorology has focused a great deal on the "scaling up" of knowledge infrastructures through the development of national and global observation networks. This article argues that such efforts to scale up were paralleled by efforts to define a place for local knowledge. By examining efforts of the Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory, near Boston, Massachusetts, to issue local weather forecasts that competed with the centralized forecasts of the U.S. Signal Service, this article finds that Blue Hill, as a user of the Signal Service's observation network, developed a new understanding of local knowledge by combining local observations of the weather with the synoptic maps afforded by the nationwide telegraph network of the U.S. Signal Service. Blue Hill used these forecasts not only as a service, but also as evidence of the superiority of its model of local forecasting over the Signal Service's model, and in the process opened up larger questions about the value of a weather forecast and the value of different kinds of knowledge in meteorology.

KEARIFAN BUDAYA LOKAL DALAM PENGUTAN TRADISI MALEMANG DI TENGAH MASYARAKAT MODERNISASI DI SUNGAI KERUH MUSI BANYUASIN SUMATERA SELATAN

This research aim at explaining to the Malemang tradition is one of the local cultural heritage of the archipelago very unique living today is Malemang tradition is a traditional community unique in the Sungai Keruh district Musi Banyuasin South Sumatra, this tradition is characterized by burning lemang morning by every population in the Kertayu village. This tradition originated from local communities for resisting disaster when the Dutch colonial era outbreaks of a disease so the tradition of resisting disaster dimension mystic is done with a series of indigenous tradition that connects the tradition Malemang, thanksgiving after the harvest the tomb of Puyang Burung Jauh and the concept of salvation, as well as religious and cultural acculturation locally very strong value system of solidarity, social cohesion, harmony, peace, and social empathy which became part of the social system culture, norms, and religion. But the times entered into a cultural struggle modernization occurred between local culture and traditions of modernization that tends to undermine the foundations of the social and cultural systems has been the pattern of action and community tradition over the years. In this study using the methodology of qualitative descriptive with approach of sociology of cultural assisted to the theory of functionalism strukturalime and social change as analysis the dynamics of the struggle between the cultural wisdom, Malemang traditions particularly in strengthening the existence in society modernization. This study resulted in that the cultural influence of modernization is very rational, capitalism, hedonism, consumerism and the stream of Western culture to Indonesia have an impact on the destruction of the foundations of the system of culture, norms, tradition so that changes in behavior patterns of society from the value of local knowledge as a social system culture that gives directions foothold in the act. Additionally began abandoning the old culture that are considered irrelevant to the modernity of the times, to address the issue of indigenous peoples should have as a cultural mechanisms to strengthen local wisdom.

When Digital is Physical and Ethnomusicologists are File Sharers

This article explores a scenario where digital tools of music production, distribution and consumption are prominent, but the role of the Internet has been less significant. This tends to reveal the importance of the physical aspects of digital technologies, an area that has to date been under-explored. Based on work centred on the creation and distribution of recorded popular music in the Central Province of Papua New Guinea, small home-based recording studios and mobile phones are discussed as pivotal technologies. In just a few years, the chain of production, distribution and consumption of popular music in Papua New Guinea has moved from studios, cassettes and cassette players to laptops, SD cards and phones. Production has moved from centralised and professional to more widespread and amateur. Sharing takes place through the exchange of digital music files (usually in the mp3 format) via Bluetooth networking, and the exchange of portable digital media such as Secure Digital (SD) cards. This raises concerns about the ethics of file sharing as part of ethnomusicological research practice. It is also suggested that, due to the increasingly non-commercial nature of this scene, a movement away from the language of industry is timely. Consequently, production, distribution and consumption are more appropriately referred to as creation, sharing and listening/using. Two main conclusions are explored. Firstly, it is argued that the value of local knowledge is intensified under conditions of increasingly distributed, amateur production, and that this activity reinforces the importance of ethnomusicological research approaches that have traditionally been focused more on performance. The second concerns the extent and nature of the commodification of music in Papua New Guinea, and how this raises issues of economic justice for local producers.

Junkie Land sebuah ungkapan visual tentang negeri impian

Fine art is a tool to communicate feelings and ideas. In some ways, all the artwork functions as a medium of personal expression of an artist, but too as a personal tool of expression, art can not be limited by his own inspiration or experience alone. Art can also talk about the personal view of the events that were happening at that time and common familiar objects from the author’s, constant events such as death, the celebration of something, parting, meeting and so forth. Art is an expression of the psychological dimensions of life. Quoting the words of Edmund Burke Feldman translated by SP. Gustami titled Art As Image and Idea, artist does not merely involve themselves with issues specific person, but rather to comment on the issue of universal. Similarly what will be visualized from the author's childhood story about the state of peace, calm, peaceful, comfortable and safe. All these ideas and concepts will be visualized through graphic art techniques such as silkscreen print and relief print. The artwork is not born out of a vacuum. is a writer’s expectancy about life in this country are run on the basis of peace and comfort together. Work of art is an expression of perception and aesthetic impressions. An artist, creating works of art, when he managed to freeze moments aesthetic that happened to him. Land is a land of imagination about the beautiful country and will always make addicted people who come there. As Indonesia's rich agricultural and tradition as well as the value of local knowledge, hospitality that will always make people addicted to come visit, and come again. The term of the authors do not appear out of nowhere, this term appears not to make such a negative stigma from the word meaning Junkie itself which means addicts, and not to damage the image of Indonesian nation, but this term is explained to a land of dreams concept of the ideal condition and balance, the author land of dreams imagine over the years.

Vegetation changes through the eyes of the locals: the ‘artificial wilderness’ in the mulga country of south-west Queensland

In Australia, since the late 1990s the issue of vegetation ‘thickening’ has become controversial. The semi-arid mulga lands of eastern Australia typify the debate. One view held by landholders, and some researchers, is that woody vegetation thickening is, at least partially, anthropogenic and leads to productivity loss and biodiversity decline. An alternative argument is that a narrative of vegetation thickening is unsubstantiated and is used by some landholders to justify management practices of clearing, thinning or burning. Absent in the literature has been research into the local knowledge of those who obtain their livelihoods from the region. This study presents an analysis of landholder responses to a survey about vegetation change in the mulga lands of south-west Queensland. Local knowledge is dominated by a view that woody vegetation thickening has occurred and is ongoing, and that it is driven by three interacting factors: (1) climate, especially decadal and multi-decadal extreme variations of both very wet and very dry conditions; (2) fire, particularly the absence of fire; and (3) total grazing pressure, including domestic stock and harder to control feral and native herbivores. Decline in pasture quality and quantity is also noted as an outcome of those same three factors but that it is ultimately linked to greater competition between the increased densities of woody species and the herbaceous layer. Most of the respondents to this survey had three or more generations of accumulated knowledge in the region. The value of local knowledge in land management and policy, although considered of value in many contexts, has received relatively little formal attention in vegetation management. In summary, the landholders view the dense woody component of the vegetation as an unnatural and undesirable ‘artificial wilderness’, which those from outside the region may consider natural and therefore worthy of preservation in its current state.

Mobilizing Local Knowledge and Asserting Culture

Knowing and deploying local, indigenous, or traditional knowledge has become an increasingly important instrument for the design and implementation of development and conservation initiatives in the Third World. This article explores the strategic mobilization of local knowledge through a case study of the politics of knowledge that emerges within projects aimed at the on-farm conservation of agricultural biodiversity in the Peruvian highlands. In framing traditional farmer practices and knowledge as integral to agrobiodiversity conservation, development and conservation groups take recourse to a particular construct of Andean culture. Yet tension arises between the customary delegitimization of Andean cultural traditions and the new appeals to value them, ambivalence emerges within interventionary discourse practice, and the recognition of local farmer expertise in a broader context of social hierarchy is rendered problematic. This case study of local knowledge, its mobilization and negotiation within a particular rendering of “culture,” ideological differences between institutions, agricultural heterogeneity, and the agency of recipient farmer groups have broader implications for how we study the utility and value of local knowledge and “cultural essentialism” in other development and conservation contexts, including those of East Timor.

The role and value of local knowledge in Jamaican agriculture: adaptation and change in small‐scale farming

Local knowledge has played an active role in the lives of rural communities in virtually every part of the world. In Jamaica, traditional cropping systems based on local informal knowledge have been practiced since the days of slavery and play a vital role in meeting food security. Yet, some negative attitudes remain about the legitimacy and relevance of small‐scale farmers’ local and traditional knowledge. This paper discusses some conceptual and empirical issues related to the application of local knowledge among small‐scale food farmers in central Jamaica. The paper argues that contextually speaking, local and traditional knowledge is valuable, adaptable and necessary in coping with risk and uncertainty in a changing world, while cautioning against a misguided notion of traditional knowledge as a panacea to all the ills of local agriculture.

Public participation in an environmental dispute: Implications for science education:

The paper, which reports the findings of a case study of an environmental dispute, focuses on the role of the key players and the way in which they interacted with the underlying science. A model is proposed that lays out some of the dimensions of the complexity of public involvement, of the understandings of the science pertinent to such socio-scientific issues, and of the way knowledge of science is represented and disseminated in such issues. The analysis focuses on the value of local knowledge in framing and engaging with the issue, on the distinction between generative and evaluative engagement, and on the type of knowledge that proved central for engagement. The implications for science education and notions of scientific literacy are discussed.

Maps and mapmakers of the Civil War

Maps and Mapmakers of the Civil War. By Earl B. McElfresh. (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1999. Pp. 272. Illustrations, maps, index. Cloth, $55.00) Once largely neglected as a field of scholarly inquiry, the cartography of the American Civil War has enjoyed a remarkable revival in the past decade. The publication of essential cartobibliographies that describe the maps in the Library of Congress and the National Archives have made those outstanding collections more widely known, thereby facilitating research. Other recent monographs have examined specific topics such as the life and work of Confederate mapmaker Jedediah Hotchkiss, or the publication of maps by Northern daily newspapers. General treatments of the subject of Civil War cartography have, however, been lacking. Christopher Nelson's Mapping the Civil War (Washington, 1992) and David Phillips' Maps of the Civil War: The Roads They Took (New York, 1998) employ period maps to illustrate military campaigns, but neither work seriously addresses the issues of map production and use during the war. The publication of Maps and Mapmakers of the Civil War goes far toward filling a significant void in the literature of the war. A mapmaker by profession, McElfresh examines his subject through the lens of a historian of cartography, rather than that of a military historian. The result is a wide-ranging study of the process of mapmaking and the types of maps produced during the war. In twelve brief chapters, McElfresh considers many aspects of Civil War cartography, beginning with a familiar review of the difficulties of conducting campaigns with insufficient or inaccurate maps. Drawing extensively on contemporary accounts, McElfresh addresses such topics as methods of field mapping, duties of topographical engineers, the representation of features such as roads, fords, and woods on military maps, the value of local knowledge, and map procurement and reproduction. While McElfresh is concerned with the content of maps, his account of mapmaking in the field goes well beyond that found in other treatments of Civil War cartography. Detailed information on gathering topographical intelligence through reconnaissance, sketching on horseback, or undertaking compass surveys under fire, and compiling map memoirs effectively underscores the dynamic nature of military mapping. All that is lacking is a look beyond the process to systematically examine what influence, if any, such maps had on military decisions made in the field. …