Local Ideologies Research Articles

Rags to riches: A critical analysis of social mobility discourse, ideology and power in neoliberal Indonesia

The discourse of social mobility has become a central tenet of democratic societies worldwide. Commonly deployed as a panacea for inequality and source of social justice, the discourse can conceal and even perpetuate inequalities. Intertwined with neoliberal ideology, social mobility discourse is contextually contingent, manifesting differently according to local conditions. This paper critically analyses social mobility discourse in the Indonesian context through ‘rags to riches’ stories of female celebrities in media interviews. Applying a contextually sensitive approach to agency within a CDA framework, this paper contributes new knowledge to the study of social mobility discourse in the Global South. The findings illustrate the pervasiveness of neoliberalism and its coalescence with local ideologies of gender, class and place, and how upwardly mobile women deploy ideological resources to create a mobility niche. The discourse strategies they use legitimise their mobility but reproduce unequal relations of power, undermining the objectives of social mobility.

Balinese transliteration in public space: Error analysis in linguistics landscapes

Public space is one of the most accessible areas to the public eye. Placing any sign in a public space within a given territory creates a linguistic landscape environment. One of the essential functions of a linguistic landscape is representing a certain given territory's symbolic meaning. This symbolic meaning may represent local ideology or identity and local/national authority's power. This phenomenon occurs in Kuta village, Badung Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. Due to a lack of local identity, all public sign in Bali is oblique to put Balinese scripts transliteration above all Latin scripts as mandated by Bali's Governor Regulation no. 80/2018. This authority's power of language use over public space is one of Bali's government's efforts to gain its local identity in public space through public signs. This study aims to further analyse the transliteration of Latin script to Balinese script in public signs in Kuta village, as previous research indicates some mistakes and irregularity. This analysis is needed to identify, refine and regulate the transliteration procedure since Balinese script is a syllabic system different from Latin script. The finding showed that some issues must be maintained and regulated to have a good transliteration of Balinese script in public space as a landmark of Balinese identity in Bali's public spaces.

Assessing Xi Jinping's Vision of Modernization and its Implications for Global Trade Dynamics: A Case Study of the Belt and Road Initiative

Globalization has emerged as a driving force reshaping China's economic, social, and political landscape. This paper aims to dissect the multifaceted impacts of globalization on Chinese society and political culture, specifically focusing on how Xi Jinping's vision of modernization intersects with these transformative dynamics. The synthesis of global influences and local ideologies has triggered profound shifts across various dimensions, including ideological synthesis, socioeconomic restructuring, technological evolution, governance paradigms, diplomatic engagements, and cultural identity. Drawing from a blend of scholarly perspectives, the research delves into the intricate relationship between globalization and China's political culture. It highlights the convergence of global ideas and traditional philosophies, which have catalyzed an evolving political ideology in China. Economically, globalization has facilitated market liberalization, foreign investments, and socioeconomic transformations, necessitating a recalibration of societal structures and aspirations. Moreover, the digital age has democratized communication channels, challenging established political hierarchies and fostering an evolving public discourse. Furthermore, the paper examines China's participation in global networks, emphasizing the consequential adaptations in governance, diplomacy, and the evolving narrative of Chinese identity on the global stage. Additionally, the study explores the intersection of globalization, economic interdependence, and information technology, highlighting their role as catalysts for China's evolving socio-political landscape. Ultimately, this research underscores the significance of understanding the intricate interplay between globalization, Xi Jinping's modernization vision, and the ensuing transformations within Chinese political culture. It serves as a critical lens through which policymakers, scholars, and global stakeholders can comprehend China's evolving trajectory. It offers insights into future scenarios, including the prospect of a more democratic political system within China's global interactions.

The Construction of College Counselors' Professional Ability Under the Network Ideological and Political System

With the rapid development of network technology, the reform of teaching system in colleges and universities is also deepening. By giving full play to the advantages of network technology, the teaching level can be better improved. Especially after the arrival of the "Internet Plus" era, the means of teaching work in colleges and universities are more abundant, which can provide more diverse teaching contents for teaching work. At the same time, advanced teaching methods are used to explore the construction of counselor's discourse system through the formation of counselors' discourse thoughts, discourse thinking, discourse expression and discourse environment in the process of online ideological and political education, and from the professional development of counselors Innovate the counselor discourse system in terms of international vision, local ideology and problem awareness, and enhance the effectiveness of online ideological and political education.

The process of paradigm change: the rise of guided innovation in China

This article offers a new framework for understanding the beliefs behind science, technology and innovation (STI) policy. Building on recent research that has identified several distinct ‘policy paradigms’ in STI policy, it explains how these paradigms may be understood as hierarchical belief systems, and it identifies different variants within each paradigm. The article then illuminates one means through which countries may transition from one paradigm to another in this domain, focusing on the international diffusion of the ‘innovation systems policy’ paradigm after the 1980s. The article emphasizes how local ideology regarding state intervention in the economy shapes how the new paradigm is localized in the receiving state. To probe the plausibility of this theory, the article presents an in-depth case study focused on China’s reception and localization of the innovation systems policy paradigm in recent decades.

The salafi da’wa movement in Jakarta from the perspective of media glocalization

Salafi is a transnational Islamic movement. In Indonesia, the spread of Salafism is influenced by graduates from the Middle East. As a conservative movement, the Salafi community in Jakarta has been different from its early days. Today they are a movement that enjoys modernity and negotiates its ideology. This research aims to investigate and analyze the occurrence of glocalization on the global ideology of the Salafi movement with local aspects in Jakarta, and to what extent this glocalization influences the transformation of their dakwah media to localize their ideology for acceptance on a local scale. This research uses the theory of glocalization through media by Jan Servaes and Rico Lie. The first concept of glocalization through media theory explains it from a transformationalist perspective. Second, this theory explains hybridization in glocalization. Third, it explains globalization, localization, and cultural identity. The three concepts in this theory become a reference in research related to the Salafi da'wah movement in Jakarta. The results of the discussion and analysis of the glocalization media of the Salafi da'wah movement in Jakarta show that in responding to globalization, the Salafi community at the Nurul Iman Blok M Square Mosque is transformationalist. They hybridize their global ideology by negotiating the Pancasila ideology which is a local ideology so that the process of glocalization of da'wah can be accepted by the local community. Through the media, one of their preachers also hybridizes ideology with a display that represents local symbols by wearing a black skullcap or national cap that is identical to the Indonesian cultural cap. Salafi communities in Jakarta also hybridize their fundamental ideology with media products as global or Western products in the context of media glocalization.

The Chilam Balam of Ixil: Facsimile and Study of an Unpublished Maya Book

This study continues to demonstrate why the Books of Chilam Balam rank among the most significant writings produced by Indigenous people and are extremely valuable in the study of the Maya. Authored and preserved throughout the colonial period by literate Maya, the books contain a potpourri of subjects ranging from medicinal remedies, to local histories, to Christian texts. As technically forbidden compilations, these books offer scholars rare insights into what the Maya recorded and preserved, largely of their own volition, and how they made sense of European concepts within their own worldview. Although other Chilam Balams have received scholarly attention for years, that from Ixil has remained in relative obscurity. With this work, Laura Caso Barrera brings the first translation of the Chilam Balam of Ixil in its entirety to English readers. First appearing in Spanish in 2011, this updated edition brings the same beautiful color images of and astute insight into the manuscript that appeared nearly a decade earlier. The first part of the book contains a facsimile of the manuscript, while the second part holds essays written by Caso Barrera and Mario M. Aliphat Fernández, followed by a full transcription and translation of the manuscript. Two appendixes illustrating the flora and fauna appearing in the Ixil complement the main text.The two essays that introduce the translation of the Ixil are important and of significant value in understanding not only the contents of the manuscript itself but also the colonial Maya in general. In her essay, Caso Barrera examines the European and Indigenous contributions to the Chilam Balam of Ixil to reveal the impact of both foreign and local ideologies on its various texts. Throughout, she demonstrates how European works such as almanacs and medical and biblical texts all informed the content of the Maya manuscript. Here, Caso Barrera’s detective work in locating possible Old World archetypes is impressive, as she identifies specific texts as likely suspects. Moreover, the essay gives due credit to Maya culture and its influence on the final text while recognizing the authorial and creative role of its composers who acted as more than mere copyists of European genres. As such, the Books of Chilam Balam became “tools used by the Maya to understand and modify the latest European concepts and theories to amalgamate them with their own knowledge” (96). Aliphat Fernández authors the second essay, which provides additional details and insights into Maya calendrics, numerology, and cosmic worldview. The excellent overview delivers the background necessary to appreciate the appearance of such themes in the Ixil and how the Ixil incorporated and familiarized similar European concepts into their own culture.Overall, this important work joins those previous in the historiography that reveal the importance of locating both the European and Indigenous elements of Maya texts to better understand how the Maya negotiated their colonial world. The Books of Chilam Balam provide an excellent observatory from which to view these elements, and English-language readers will welcome this new addition.

SELOKO ADAT ULUR ANTAR SERAH TERIMA ADAT PADA PERNIKAHAN ADAT MELAYU JAMBI: KAJIAN BENTUK DAN FUNGSI

<em>The purpose of this study is to describe the form and function of Jambi Malay customs seloko. Seloko adat here is a custom seloko contained in the procession of customary stir between custom handover at the traditional marriage of Jambi Malay. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. The data of this research are word unit, phrase, clause, sentence, text of the ceremony of repetition between the handover of customary marriage of Fortuna Mazka and the text of seloko in the Customary Principles of Sepucuk Jambi Sembilan Lurah (2001). The two texts are reconstructed philologically (critical edition) as the study material.The results of this study indicate that seloko adat ulur between handover of Jambi Malay custom has five forms: (1) kato adat or kato undang (2) kias word (3) kato penyelo (4) petatah- petitih and (5) pantun. Each form has a typology of rhyme, array, stanza, and conventional formulas. Seloko adat ular between the hand-over of Jambi Malay customary has various functions: (1) informational, (2) expressive, (3) directive, (4) aesthetic, and (5) fatik. These functions are firmly attached to each form of the shell, with Jambi's diction and local ideology</em>

Supplement Book of Social Studies Teaching Materials Through the Empowerment of Bali Local Wisdom as A Learning Source

The problem is, ideologically, social studies education that has been carried out so far is more oriented towards state political nationalism and the domination of local ideologies, including the local ideology of the Balinese people. This research aims to develop a Supplementary Book of Social Studies Teaching Materials through the empowerment of Balinese Local Wisdom as a Learning Resource at the SMP/SMP level. This research is designed as research development or Research and Development (R&D). This article is the product of the first year of research conducted to identify and analyze Balinese local wisdom needed as material for Balinese Local Wisdom Textbooks. This first-year research used a bibliographic research design. The object of study consists of curriculum documents; textbooks used by teachers of social studies subjects at junior high school through the empowerment of the local wisdom of the Balinese people. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation, documentation studies, and expert judgment. The data collected is in the form of qualitative data. Data processing using non-statistical analysis. The study results indicate that there are various forms and types of Balinese local wisdom that can be used and developed as material for Social Studies Textbooks at the Bali Local Wisdom Middle School.

Deletion discussions on Hebrew Wikipedia: Negotiating global and local ideologies

Much research has documented how global technologies and platforms are part of specific cultures and reflect local values. In this study, I examine the case of Hebrew Wikipedia as representative of localization that is neither top-down (producer-driven) nor bottom-up (user-driven); but rather, it is implemented by mid-level, self-selecting bureaucratic administrators in an ongoing process that is driven by their own perceptions of Wikipedia’s mission. Through an analysis of Hebrew Wikipedia’s deletion discussion pages—in which editors decide what information should be excluded from Wikipedia—I demonstrate how national ideology customarily triumphs over the global, communitarian ethos of the Wikipedia project. Even when decisions are aligned with a more “global” agenda, editors still portray their choices as congruent with the national cause through strategic use of depersonalized discourses about Wikipedia’s policies. I thus argue that global, seemingly “neutral” policies can provide a discursive framework that conceals questions about the power of local ideologies.

Sex-B(i)ased List Promotion: The Effect of Previous Electoral Performance

ABSTRACT Party leaders, acting as gatekeepers, have a direct impact on politicians’ careers. The fact that this leadership is often male has been identified as a source of discrimination against female candidates. We analyze such sex-biased party politics in formation of party lists. Recently, candidates’ list ranking in (semi-) open list systems has been shown to depend on their electoral performance) in the previous election. Using electoral data from the 2006 and 2012 local elections in Flanders we study whether and to what extent such a reward system is sex neutral. We find the party leadership in the semi-open list system to reward (punish) male and female candidates with equal electoral performance differently. Female candidates’ list ranking in 2012 is more sensitive to their electoral performance than that of male candidates. Importantly, the sex of the local party leader and party ideology, are found to affect the sex differences in electoral remuneration.

“My Religion Guides Me, Even as a Teacher”: Examining Religious Identities of English Language Teachers in Kuwait

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the lived experiences of three Kuwaiti women as they construct and negotiate their professional identities as Muslim English language teachers in Kuwait. Building on the paucity of research surrounding religious identity and English language teaching contexts, positioning analysis and tactics of intersubjectivity were used to examine the teachers’ oral narrative accounts, highlighting the ways in which they navigate their professional teaching contexts within the underlying local religious ideologies. Findings show that while the three English language teachers share a common nationality, faith, and gender, they each engaged in different ways with their religious identities within their professional practice. The study concludes with implications for professional development and future research directions.

Ethnographies of Volunteering: Providing Nuance to the Links Between Volunteering and Development

This paper explores how ethnographic approaches to third sector and nonprofit studies allow for context-based understandings of the links between volunteering and development. Drawing from our ethnographies of volunteering in Sierra Leone, Burundi and the Philippines, we argue that ethnographic methods could tease out local ideologies and practices of volunteer work that can challenge knowledge monopolies over how volunteering is understood and, later, transcribed into development policy and practice at various levels. The contribution of ethnography as a methodology to third sector research lies not only in the in-depth data it generates but also in the kind of ethos and disposition it requires of scholars—providing attention to issues of power and voice and leaning into the unpredictability of the research process.

Policy Ideology and Local Ideological Representation in Canada

AbstractTo enable new research on local ideology and representation in Canada, we construct a latent measure of the policy ideology of 37,500 Canadian Election Study respondents using 56 policy-relevant questions and then use multilevel regression and poststratification to estimate the average ideological position of each of Canada's 338 federal electoral districts and 250 largest municipalities. We use these local ideology estimates to examine ideological representation in Canadian municipal politics. Combining our municipal ideology estimates with elite survey data from more than 900 Canadian municipal politicians, we find evidence of a strong relationship between mass and elite ideology. This relationship is consistent across differing municipal population sizes and institutional structures. We conclude with additional detail on our publicly available individual and aggregate measures and describe their potential uses for future research on ideology and representation in Canadian politics at all levels.

The Implementation of “Tri Hita Karana” Ideology in Preventing the Spread of Covid-19 in Bali

Abstract: This research examines the form of implementing the local wisdom ideology of Tri Hita Karana in preventing and overcoming the spread of the Covid-19 virus in Bali. The central government, through its policies, has dealt with this epidemic, both at the central and regional levels, including in Bali. In addition to implementing the policies of the central government to prevent and cope with this outbreak, Bali itself attempts to make use of its ideology in dealing with the pandemic. This local ideology is known as Tri Hita Karana. The problem raised in this study is how to implement the ideology of local wisdom in preventing and overcoming COVID-19 in Bali. The purpose of this research is to understand the implementations of local wisdom in Bali that useful in preventing and overcoming COVID-19. The method used is the empirical method, data collection techniques with interviews, questionnaires, and literature. The theory used is structural functional theory, social change theory which supported by concept of local wisdom. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of local wisdom in Bali can effectively and efficiently prevent and cope with COVID-19. An interesting finding of this article is precisely when local wisdom is Tri Hita Karana implemented on a daily basis to deal with Covid-19. The beginning the standard was Prahyangan, Pawongan and Palemahan, however, in this implementation it changed to become Pawongan, Palemahan then Prahyangan.

Diversifying multilingualism: Languages and lects in Amazonia

Purpose: This paper argues for an ethnographically grounded approach to the study of linguistic diversity and multilingualism, taking local ideologies as a starting point for understanding how language varieties emerge and are maintained. It encourages a broad view of multilingualism that includes registers, lects, and other ways in which linguistic and social difference may be aligned and negotiated. Approach: Taking indigenous Amazonia as a case study, we survey evidence for linguistic variants associated with social distinctions that cross-cut many of the divisions conventionally associated with distinct languages, and consider relevant cultural ideologies. Data and Analysis: A range of varieties are considered, including genderlects, whereby men and women use markedly different linguistic forms; variants associated with descent groups and affinal relations; special pet and hunting registers; and shamanic language. Conclusions: Amazonia exhibits a wide range of lects and registers alongside its diversity of languages. These variants are implicated in multilingual practices across the region, and their existence and use are arguably informed by the same ideological framework as that which guides the use of discrete languages. The Amazonian case underscores the importance of casting the net wide in the investigation of small-scale multilingual contexts more generally. Originality: Studies of multilingualism have tended to focus primarily on interactions involving discrete languages, that is, the standard targets of grammars and dictionaries. This contribution brings these other varieties into the conversation, and emphasizes an emic, culturally articulated view of multilingual practice. Significance/Implications: This article illustrates the importance of a broad, ethnographically grounded perspective in the study of small-scale multilingualism, and encourages approaches that consider a range of linguistic variants.

Dwelling Is a Key Idea in Traditional Residential Architecture’s Sustainability: A Case Study at Yangwan Village in Suzhou, China

Previous studies have failed to grasp the essence of traditional building habits responding to natural challenges. Therefore, contradictions arise between unified regulations protecting traditional residential architecture proposed by experts and the diverse construction transformation performed by locals. To resolve these contradictions, fieldwork was conducted in Yangwan, a famous village in South China. The traditional residential architectural characteristics in three periods were obtained and compared. Peirce’s interpretation of the three natures of habit and Heidegger’s dwelling help determine the essence of building habits. The logic in traditional residential architecture is analysed through the “four-layer integrated into one” framework (including the natural environment, livelihood form, institution and ideology), yielding the following results. (1) The characteristics of the residential architectural form change with local livelihood form, institution and ideology. Nevertheless, the process by which local residents think, judge and respond to natural challenges remains unchanged (Thirdness of Habit), forming the core of dwelling. (2) The characteristics of the architectural form are determined by the causal chain of “four-layer integrated into one”. Stable causal chains are formed by the Thirdness of Habit, which represents people’s initiative in addressing natural challenges. Therefore, the protection of traditional residential architecture should centre on dwelling and people’s agency in response to the natural environment rather than on maintaining a unified physical form.

Language Ideologies and Transnational Migration: A Study of Cape Verdeans in Galicia

Changes to the global infrastructure have contributed to the growing (linguistic) diversity of large metropolises. However, there have been calls from scholars to explore “emerging superdiversity” (DePalma and Pérez-Caramés 2018) in peripheral regions in order to fully understand the complexities and nuances of the sociolinguistics of globalisation (Wang et al. 2014; Pietikäinen et al. 2016). This article, therefore, explores language ideologies among a purposive sample of five young adults of Cape Verdean origin living in the peripheral region of Galicia, Spain, and draws on interview data to examine the ways in which multilingual migrants engage with the language varieties in their linguistic repertoire. In studying immigration from a former African colony to a bilingual European context, we can see how language ideologies from the migrant community are reflected in local ones. The sociolinguistic dynamics of Cape Verde and Galicia share many similarities: both contexts are officially bilingual (Galician and Spanish in Galicia, Kriolu and Portuguese in Cape Verde), and questions regarding the hierarchisation of languages remain pertinent in both cases. The ideologies about the value and prestige of (minority) languages that Cape Verdean migrants arrive with are thus accommodated by local linguistic ideologies in Galicia, a region which has a history of linguistic minoritisation. This has important implications for the ways in which language, as a symbolic resource, is mobilised by migrants in contexts of transnational migration. The findings of this study show how migrants are key actors in (re)shaping the linguistic dynamics of their host society and how, through their practices and discourses, they challenge long-standing assumptions about language, identity and linguistic legitimacy, and call into question ethno-linguistic boundaries.

Enduring and Contemporary Code-Switching Practices in Northern Australia

In Maningrida, northern Australia, code-switching is a commonplace phenomenon within a complex of both longstanding and more recent language practices characterised by high levels of linguistic diversity and multilingualism. Code-switching is observable between local Indigenous languages and is now also widespread between local languages and English and/or Kriol. In this paper, I consider whether general predictions about the nature and functioning of code-switching account for practices in the Maningrida context. I consider: (i) what patterns characterise longstanding code-switching practices between different Australian languages in the region, as opposed to code-switching between an Australian language and Kriol or English? (ii) how do the distinctions observable align with general predictions and constraints from dominant theoretical frameworks? Need we look beyond these factors to explain the patterns? Results indicate that general predictions, including the effects of typological congruence, account for many observable tendencies in the data. However, other factors, such as constraints exerted by local ideologies of multilingualism and linguistic purism, as well as shifting socio-interactional goals, may help account for certain distinct patterns in the Maningrida data.

Is vulnerability to climate change gendered? And how? Insights from Egypt

Most climate change literature tends to downplay the gendered nature of vulnerability. At best, gender is discussed in terms of the male-female binary, seen as opposing forces rather than in varying relations of interdependency. Such construction can result in the adoption of maladaptive culturally unfit gender-blind policy and interventions. In Egypt, which is highly vulnerable to climate change, gender analysis of vulnerability is almost non-existent. This paper addresses this important research gap by asking and drawing on a rural Egyptian context ‘How do the gendered relational aspects of men’s and women’s livelihoods in the household and community influence vulnerability to climate change?’. To answer this question, I draw on gender analysis of social relations, framed within an understanding of sustainable livelihoods. During 16 months of fieldwork, I used multiple ethnographic methods to collect data from two culturally and ethnically diverse low-income villages in Egypt. My main argument is that experiences of climate change are closely intertwined with gender and wider social relations in the household and community. These are shaped by local gendered ideologies and cultures that are embedded in conjugal relations, kinship and relationship to the environment, as compared across the two villages. In this paper, I strongly argue that vulnerability to climate change is highly gendered and therefore gender analysis should be at the heart of climate change discourses, policy and interventions.