Loan System Research Articles

Providing Security for Flash Loan System Using Cryptocurrency Wallets Supported by XSalsa20 in a Blockchain Environment

The days of long lines at banks and piles of paperwork are long gone. The lending landscape has been completely transformed by digital loans, which provide a quick, easy, and frequently paperless transactions. A payee can apply for a digital loan anytime, anywhere. The entire lending procedure is accessible and efficient, but the availability of data on the Internet provides many risks and threats, where there are certain difficulties in the world of digital lending and data security, and privacy are major concerns. It is important to address the possibility of predatory lending practices that target weaker payees, especially with flash loans, which are considered a critical type of digital loan, as they add additional pressure to banks in terms of security because they return to the same block of the blockchain, and the possibility of tampering with them is considered great. Therefore, we have developed a security protocol based on the principle of digital cryptocurrency wallets: these digital wallets are protected by our use of the Xsalsa20 algorithm. It has high specifications and is enhanced with the usage of the Crow search algorithm, which guarantees fast and efficient search results. After the analysis of the proposed system in the Tamarin Prover tool, we obtained proof of a lot of security properties like data authenticity, perfect forward secrecy, and many others, which constitute the matter that gives our system the power of security. Also, we obtained 0.6667 ms. as the rate of processing speed, 2990 ms. as the time required by the proposed system to repay loans after the conditions are met, and, finally, our proposed system has the power to present a flexible property by creating 29,700 loans every 3 s; by this, we obtained a system that is secure, authentic, fast, and flexible.

Analisis Faktor Penghambat Ekonomi Keluarga Nelayan Wilayah Pesisir Desa Bagan Percut, Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara

The aim of this research is to analyze the economic inhibiting factors for fishing families in the coastal area of ​​Bagan Percut Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra. This research uses data analysis methods. Research results show that access to financial capital is one of the main challenges for fishermen in this region. The majority of fishermen depend on a loan system from local middlemen or "toke", which often provides fish selling terms and prices that are less favorable for fishermen. This causes fishermen to be trapped in a cycle of poverty and prolonged economic difficulties. The low level of education among fishermen has a significant impact on their ability to manage fisheries efficiently and increase the added value of their catch. Lack of knowledge and skills in post-harvest handling, marketing, and the adoption of modern fishing technology and practices are major obstacles in efforts to increase fishermen's productivity and income. Unpredictable weather conditions, limited access to modern technology and equipment, competition with large fishing industries, unsustainable natural resource management, and inadequate infrastructure are also significant economic inhibiting factors for fishing families in the Coastal Area of ​​Bagan Percut Village.

БНСУ дахь монголчуудын ажил эрхлэлт ба БНСУ-ын гадаадаас ажиллах хүч авах бодлогын өөрчлөлт

Currently, the country where the largest number of overseas Mongolians live and work is Korea, and they account for approximately 3-5% of the Korean labor market. As of December 2023, there is a total of 54,846 Mongolians living in South Korea. The main purpose of this article is to examine the current status of Mongolian workers in Korea and what the Mongolian government should pay attention to in changing Korea's foreign worker policy. Mongolian workers in Korea are working hard for the Mongolian economy and households. However, they are constantly facing various problems, such as difficulties caused by illegal work and human rights violations. Recently, the number of Mongolians living in Korea has been increasing, and there are studies showing that the status of Mongolians in Korean society is improving, but there are many cases where they become illegal immigrants during the period of their employment contracts. In order to improve the treatment of Mongolian workers working in Korea in the future, it is important to focus on improving working and living conditions and improving language skills. While Korea's population growth rate is expected to decline, labor demand in the manufacturing sector is expected to increase in the future. Accordingly, Korea's foreign worker policy is changing, and the main goal of this change is to reduce the number of illegal immigrants and non-professional workers. The Korean government is focusing on meeting, labor market demands by allowing foreigners with high knowledge of the Korean language, ability to adapt to Korean culture and social life, and professional skills to live in Korea for a long period of time. Due to the Korean government's change in foreign labor policy, employment opportunities for Mongolians will increase. In particular, the Korean government needs to attract college graduates and professionals, study the possibility of supporting them when they return to their home country, and implement related specific policies. Examples of the measures include job creation, business support, loans, and simplifying housing loan system.

Assessment of Credit Running Scheme on Abay Bank, Wolkite Branch, Ethiopia

This study of evaluation of loan and advanced management systems. It aimed to designate the position of loan and advance management in financial institutions such as commercial banks, micro finances and others. Thus, the rationale behind undertaking this study was to investigate loan and advance management problems and suggest possible solutions that enable the bank to run its manoeuvre most safely, as loans and advances are known to be the mainstay of all banks. The ability of banks to frame and adhere to policies and procedures that promote loan quality and curtail non-performing loans is the means to endure stiff competition. Incapability to create and build up quality loans and credit-worthy customers leads to default risk and bankruptcy and hampers a country's economic growth. However, according to the researcher, a study must be conducted to evaluate loans and advanced management systems at the Abay Bank Wolkite branch. The study's main objective was to assess the loan and advance management system of Abay Bank in the Wolkite branch. Both primary and secondary data are used for the study. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. The secondary data was collected from published and unpublished documents. Descriptive statistical tools are used to analyze the data collected. Hence, the nature of the study was descriptive. Finally, based on the findings, possible conclusions and recommendations were given.

Enhancing College Access in Zimbabwe: Impact of Student Loans and Grants

This study explores how government interventions, grants, and loans influence college access in Zimbabwe, focusing on understanding the factors affecting college access and retention rates. The research aims to inform evidence-based decision-making regarding college access through a mixed research approach integrating qualitative and quantitative methods. Combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to ensure the validity and reliability of the findings. It analyses secondary data sources, such as literature, reports, and statistical datasets, to explore aspects like college access, enrollment trends, poverty rates, financial aid programs, and student loan systems in Zimbabwe. Triangulation techniques enhance the credibility of the study's findings by integrating evidence from various sources and employing diverse data collection and analysis methods, enriching perspectives and strengthening the validity and reliability of the study's conclusions. Key findings suggest that grants and loans significantly contribute to increasing college enrollment rates, particularly among economically disadvantaged groups. However, enrollment disparities persist, especially among marginalized populations like women. Despite a modest increase in government spending on education, concerns arise due to a slowdown in overall enrollment growth. Barriers to student loan uptake include complex application processes, concerns about debt burdens, and uncertainties regarding post-graduation employment prospects. The study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive policy interventions to simplify eligibility criteria, enhance financial literacy, and promote employment pathways. Using human capital and open systems theories, the research lays a groundwork for evidence-based decision-making to enhance access to higher education in Zimbabwe.

Design Of a Web-Based Library Book Borrowing and Return Information System

The SMP N 1 Pantai Cermin library has a manual book loan and return system by recording in a ledger so that researchers build a website-based book loan and return application. The purpose of this research is to facilitate data collection and monitoring of borrowing and returning books at the SMP N 1 Pantai Cermin library. The results of the research are applications that help the SMP N 1 Pantai Cermin library admin in recording book loans and returns and having a digital loan report.

Implementation of Laboratory Equipment Loan System in SiDal (BigData Laboratory System)

Borrowing and returning equipment for both practicum and research is one of the routine laboratory management activities. Laboratories with a high intensity of borrowing equipment but limited human resources should use an online information system to manage the flow of borrowing so that laboratory activities can run optimally. This research was made based on these problems encountered in laboratory management at the Basic Physics Laboratory (LFD) of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). Previously, research was conducted on the development of a laboratory information system named SiDal (Laboratory BigData System). In SiDal, users can access tool data, tool catalog, tool status and tool storage. From the catalog of tools stored in SiDal as a data base, a system for borrowing and returning laboratory equipment was developed and then the application of this system was tested at LFD FPMIPA UPI. Through research and development methods, surveys were conducted through questionnaires and written interviews. From the results of the questionnaire distributed, 52 student respondents from various batches who had accessed SiDal showed that around 90% said that the loan system developed was more effective & practical, which was confirmed from the results of written interviews.

Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test Between SMEs Loans And Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkiye

In Turkey, SMEs make up the great majority of businesses. Due to their contributions to production, employment, innovation, and export, SMEs are crucial to the process of economic growth. Yet, SMEs' production operations are hampered by financial insufficiencies, which weaken the link between them and economic expansion. For SMEs, who must depend on external financing because of equity capital deficiencies, the loan system is crucial. With the use of Turkey as an example, this study examines the connection between SME loans and economic growth. Analysis was conducted for three different categories, namely loans extended to micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises. Quarterly data for the 2007Q1-2022Q2 period were considered and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test was used. It was determined that the causal relationship between SME loans and economic growth differs depending on the size of the enterprises. The relationship between loans extended to micro-enterprises and economic growth is unidirectional and the direction of the relationship is from growth to loans. Although there is a bidirectional relationship between loans extended to small enterprises and economic growth, it has been found that there is no causal relationship between loans extended to medium enterprises and economic growth.

Bridging the gap: enhancing socio-ecological resilience by breaking the debt cycle among small-scale hilsa fishers in Bangladesh

This study examines the plight of hilsa fishers in Bangladesh, grappling with challenges such as poor market access, scant capital, and shrinking fish stocks. This situation led to the seasonal dadon loan system, which provides immediate financial aid but often traps many fishers in a relentless debt cycle. We adopted a socio-ecological systems (SES) framework to examine the interconnected social and ecological dynamics of the hilsa fishery industry. Using a blend of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, we assessed the impact of the dadon loan system on small-scale fishers across four fishing locales in Bangladesh. The results indicate that the dadon loan system is a temporary financial prop for fishers but perpetuates debt cycles and curbs long-term financial security. Factors such as restricted access to formal credit, high fishing costs, and inadequate government support drive this system. This study identifies potential alternatives, such as government-backed loans, community finance schemes, and the promotion of alternative livelihoods, which could reduce reliance on the dadon loan system and improve fishers’ socioeconomic conditions. Implementing these strategies may dismantle the debt cycle, boost fishers’ welfare, and strengthen the socio-ecological resilience of fishing communities.

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ASCA Marina Jaya Cooperative is a business entity that provides savings and loans for the members. Data processing uses manual bookkeeping so that member activities for savings or loans require a long processing time. The research aims to design a web-based savings and loan cooperative data processing information system at Asca Marina Jaya. The methods used in data collection are observation, interviews, and literature studies. The result is a prototype of a web-based savings and loan information system that have been tested so there are no problems and runs well.

Design and implementation of a loan default prediction system using random forest algorithm

Loan default prediction is a crucial task in the lending industry; it helps financial institutions make informed decisions about granting loans. It is usually a daunting task for the bank or financial institution to predict customers who will default on a loan especially when there are thousands of applicants. This loan default prediction system aimed to improve the Area Under the Curve (AUC) score. This loan default prediction system used various data sources, such as demographic information, credit history, and financial performance to predict the likelihood of a loan being defaulted. The system used a random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm to analyze the data and build predictive models. The model was then used to make predictions about new loan applicants and existing borrowers who may default in the future. The system can be customized to meet the specific requirements of different lending institutions. The system enables lenders to make better decisions on loan approval, interest rate determination, and credit risk, management. The loan default prediction system also provides insights into risk factors that contribute to loan default and helps lenders develop effective strategies to mitigate these risks, making it an indispensable tool for lenders. The resultant system achieved an improved AUC score of 98%.

Permits, contracts and their terms for biodiversity specimens

We present two different typologies of legal/contractual information in the context of natural history objects: the Biodiversity Permit/Contract Typology categorises permits and contracts, and the Typology of Legal/Contractual Terms for Biodiversity Specimens categorises the terms within permits and contracts. The Typologies have been developed under the EU-funded SYNTHESYS+ project with the participation of experts from outside the consortium. The document further addresses a possible technical integration of these typologies into the Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo). The implementation in the DiSSCo data model is outlined and a concrete use case is presented to show how conditions, e.g. the Typology of Legal/Contractual Terms, can be introduced into the DiSSCo Electronic Loans and Visits System (ElViS). Finally, we give an outlook on the next steps to develop the typologies into a standard that supports compliance with legal and contractual obligations within the wider community of natural science collections.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Laporan Sisa Hasil Usaha Berbasis Web pada Koperasi Karyawan PT. Kahatex “Wiryatama” Cimahi

This study aims to create an accounting information system design for web-based residual business results at the PT. KAHATEX "WIRYATAMA" Cimahi Employee Cooperative. This research uses qualitative methods. Data collection techniques are used by observation, interviews and . The software method used is the waterfall. From the research conducted, the authors found several problems including the savings and loan process and the calculation of remaining business results still using Microsoft Exel, so data processing takes a long time and the accuracy of reports is less accurate. Therefore, an information system is designed using data flow diagrams and implemented in the PHP and MYSQL programming languages as databases. As for some suggestions given to deal with existing problems, namely optimizing savings and loan information systems and residual business results using applications that have been designed, can develop existing systems and can maintain system to improve better performance.

The Effects of Conforming Loan Systems on Housing Finance Stability: A Panel Analysis of US, Japanese, and South Korean Mortgage Loan Systems

The Effects of Conforming Loan Systems on Housing Finance Stability: A Panel Analysis of US, Japanese, and South Korean Mortgage Loan Systems

The MOHELA Papers: The Rise of a Student Loan Servicing Giant and the Fall of the Student Loan System

The MOHELA Papers: The Rise of a Student Loan Servicing Giant and the Fall of the Student Loan System

Current Debates about the Colonial Economy and Government from the Spanish Royal Treasury Records

This essay surveys both the traditional findings and new debates that have used the Spanish imperial royal financial accounts to analyze the colonial economy and government. The crisis of the seventeenth century, the relations between colonial elites and royal government, the impact of income transfers among treasury offices, the sale of offices, the system of voluntary loans, the eighteenth-century reforms, and the influence of the tax system on the evolution of the colonial economy and society have all created a new set of questions and debates that historians, economists, and political scientists have engaged in. There is both consensus and disagreement on what these numbers mean for various groups in the society as well as long-term institutional developments. Just as new approaches have opened up new area for research, there are also a great deal of unexplored topics that can be developed using the unpublished primary accounts.

Guidelines for the Development of Financial Aid Education in Universities in Guangxi

The objectives of this research were 1) to study the current situation of financial aid education in universities in Guangxi, 2) to propose the guidelines for the development of financial aid education in universities in Guangxi, and 3) to evaluate the adaptability and feasibility of the guidelines for the development of financial aid education in universities in Guangxi. The sample group of this research was 274 financial aid administrators in 26 public undergraduate universities in Guangxi. They were selected by systematic random sampling and sample random sampling. The interview group was the center's leader for student financial aid from 11 universities, totaling 11 people. The experts for evaluating the adaptability and feasibility of guidelines for developing financial aid education consisted of high-level administrators from 7 universities, totaling seven people. The research instruments were document analysis, questionnaire, structured interview, and evaluation form. The data analysis statistics were percentage, average value, and standard deviation. The results found that the current situation of financial aid education in six aspects was high. Considering the results of this research, aspects ranging from the highest to lowest level were as follows: the highest level was the bursary system, followed by the student loan system, and the work-study system was the lowest level. The guidelines for developing financial aid education were divided into seven aspects, including 44 measures. The results of evaluating the adaptability and feasibility of guidelines for developing financial aid education were at the highest level.

Activities of Small Loan Inspectors in the Pre-Revolutionary Russia (Based on Materials from the Olonets Province)

The study examined the main activities of small loan inspectors. This job position appeared in the structure of the State Bank with the beginning of the reform of the small loan system in 1904. Inspectors were assigned a significant role in its practical implementation. The study of the problem showed that the absence of a local branch of the State Bank in the Olonets province at the beginning of the twentieth century. technically made it impossible for the position of small loan inspector to appear in the province. This has become a noticeable factor in the slow development of this system here. Due to the absence of small loan inspectors in the province, local provincial authorities tried to popularize credit partnerships among peasants through zemstvo chiefs. This approach failed. Only with the opening in the Olonets province of a branch of the State Bank and an inspection of small loans under it, the situation with the development of credit institutions in rural areas began to change for the better. The article studies the process of establishing the institution of small loan inspectors in the Olonets province, identifies the main difficulties of their work, and identifies local features. Attention is paid to the attitude of local peasants to the figure of the inspector.

Sistem Pinjaman Berbunga (Célong Séng Bunga) Dalam Pemenuhan Perjanjian Berdasarkan Kearifan Lokal Di Manggarai Timur

This study analyzes the legal relationship of engagement to local wisdom in East Manggarai district. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach whose data collection is through observation and interviews. The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between the law of engagement and the local wisdom of providing interest-bearing loans (Célong Séng Bunga) in East Manggarai district. The existence of engagements and guarantees in providing loans to people in need is the basis of the existence of this zinc interest celong system, but in the past the community still did not know that there was a connection between the activities of this zinc flower celong with the engagement and guarantees contained in the Civil Code. With the zinc celong system, this interest on lending and borrowing helps local communities in fulfilling the agreements they make. Interest-Bearing Loan System, Agreement Fulfillment, Local Wisdom

Chen Lifu and Characteristics of Wartime Higher Education in China (1937-1944)

The development and change of wartime higher education significantly impacted China's modern history, and its evolution was closely related to the advocacies and ideas of Chen Lifu, who served as the Minister of Education from 1938 to 1944. This paper first analyzes the merger and relocation of universities with examples such as the Southwest United Nations University and the National Central University, arguing that relocations ensured the continuity and development of higher education in China and nurtured many professional talents. The paper also focuses on the loan and publicly-funded student system, which Chen Lifu adopted mainly to compete for the youth with the Communist Party and the Japanese forces. The system helped a large number of economically disadvantaged students to complete their studies, enhanced young students' sense of responsibility towards the country, stabilized society, and increased the public's trust in the government. Besides, the paper analyzes the military recruitment of young people, briefly describes the recruitment of medical, engineering, and translation students, the peak of military recruitment, and the participation of young expeditionary force in the war, as well as the critical role of these recruitments in the victory of the war.