Liwan District Research Articles

Multisource geoscience data-driven framework for subsidence risk assessment in urban area

Land subsidence, especially in developed cities, poses significant risks to human life, social property, and urban sustainability. Taking Liwan District in southern China as an example, this study proposed an acceptable framework for regional land subsidence risk assessment while complying with current national assessment system. With integrating the multi-source geospatial data from remote sensing and various geology surveys into ArcGIS, the subsidence risk assessment was carried out based on the subsidence susceptibility mapping, hazard and vulnerability surveying by using a series of data-driven methods. The results showed that, (i) although not all surface deformations detected by InSAR technology were caused by subsidence, they were instrumental in updating subsidence records; (ii) with the help of spatial correlation analysis using weight evidence as well as multi-source data fusion in high spatial resolution, the Random Forest-based classification models effectively identified the land use types and accurately mapped the land subsidence susceptibility; (iii) the hazard and vulnerability surveying based on a series of newly developed combined weight methods, improved the reliability of risk assessment; (iv) the extremely high- and high-risk areas from the zoning of the land subsidence, provided target areas for further management and prevention of land subsidence. This comprehensive and quantitative assessment framework highlights the need for continued monitoring in subsidence-prone regions, helping to propose strategies for risk mitigation and adaptive planning in urban areas.

The Practice of Renovation, Protection and Utilization of Yongqingfang

This article is devoted to study the revitalization project of the Enning Road historic district in Liwan District, Guangzhou. In the context of urban renewal, the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage has become an important issue. After nearly 10 years of practice and exploration, the Enning Road Historic Street Revitalization Project (Yongqingfang) in Liwan District, Guangzhou has finally achieved the protection and inheritance of Xiguan’s historical culture and has become a demonstration of urban renewal that integrates tradition and modernity. project. The significance of Yongqingfang is that it can serve as a model for the micro-renovation of old neighborhoods. Studying the Yongqingfang renovation project and summarizing the experience and enlightenment of the renovation project will have reference and reference significance for the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage in the process of urban renewal.

Assessment and Improvement of Emergency Rescue Service Accessibility under Urban Waterlogging Disasters

With the acceleration of urbanization and the impact of climate change, the frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging not only leads to road closures and traffic congestion but also severely affects the timeliness of urban emergency rescue. To accurately assess and enhance the response capability of urban emergency rescue under storm-induced waterlogging scenarios, a hydrodynamic model of urban waterlogging was developed to simulate waterlogging conditions under various design rainfall scenarios. By identifying road waterlogging risks and blocked roads, as well as combining the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) method, the accessibility of emergency rescue services for points of interest (POIs) with different vulnerabilities was evaluated. The Liwan District of Guangzhou City was selected as a case study for accessibility impact assessment and improvement simulation. The results indicate that with the increase in the return period of rainfall, both the area and depth of waterlogged regions increased and the number of roads affected by waterlogging rose, leading to an increase in the length of blocked roads from 11 km to 49 km, an increase of over 300%. Additionally, the number of POIs inaccessible to emergency rescue increased, while the number of accessible POIs decreased, resulting in a significant downward trend in overall accessibility. By deploying mobile pumping vehicles, the depth and area of waterlogging under different rainfall return periods were reduced by over 10%, the number of blocked roads decreased by more than 10%, and the number of accessible POIs increased by more than 12%. The findings highlight that storm-induced waterlogging not only hinders traffic flow but also reduces the response capability of emergency rescue services. Through the strategic deployment of mobile pumping vehicles, the accessibility of urban emergency rescue services under waterlogging conditions can be effectively improved, mitigating the impact of waterlogging on urban functions and public safety.

Consumers’ attitude towards meat brands: Evidence from pork products in Guangzhou, China

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 12pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">This study aims to investigate the factors influencing consumers’ cognitive attitude towards the brands of products during their consumption willingness, behaviors and choices. Taking pork brands as an example, this study conducts a questionnaire by using a random sampling method in 165 farmers’ meat markets and 54 supermarkets in Tianhe District, Yuexiu District, Liwan District, the representative districts in Guangzhou city in China, and obtains 1,050 valid observations of the pork consumers. The empirical results via a logit regression show that the factors significantly enhance consumers’ brand cognitive attitude include younger age; lower perception of product safety; less cognition of green food, frailer awareness of fresh, cold, and frozen meats, as well as weaker ability to identify a specific product. Also, stronger consumers’ brand attitude results from larger amount of money spent in a single purchase, stronger cognition of nuisance-free food, and higher identification of different types of pork meats.</span></p>

Regional Coordinated Development in the Megacity Regions: Spatial Pattern and Driving Forces of the Guangzhou-Foshan Cross-Border Area in China

With globalization and informatization, cross-border areas have become increasingly critical interactive spaces, experiencing rapid development and extensive changes in residents’ cross-border travel, constantly changing the spatial patterns of neighboring cities. However, existing studies lack in-depth discussions of the new spatiotemporal characteristics of human activities, spatial pattern evolution, and the driving factors behind them. Therefore, taking the Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area as a case, this paper focus on the analysis of the cross-city travel of residents in these border areas in 2019, and investigated the evolution of spatial patterns and the driving forces in the border area during 1985–2020. We found that, instead of the previous one-way attraction pattern caused by the spread of residence, a large number of cross-city trips for leisure and entertainment purposes emerged, and the one-way unbalanced flow, “Foshan to Guangzhou”, changed to two-way circulation. We also explore the scenario in which the travel behavior of urban dwellers in these two cities considerably interacts with the effect of urban structure to produce the observed mobility patterns. Second, we determined the spatial pattern of the Guangzhou-Foshan region from 1985 to 2020 to be on of spreading expansion, with Liwan District as the central core, connecting to several sub-centers. The cross-border area in the Guangzhou-Foshan region represented a compact, extremely high degree of integration and a well-matched functional space. Third, driven by the forces stemming from the planning guidelines and the improving transportation network construction in the border area, the growth points of the two cities continued to expand toward the borderline regarding integrated development, while the growth axis was mainly in the direction of the city border, urban arterial roads, and subway lines. We concluded with development suggestions for increasing travel interactions and optimizing spatial patterns to build a common vision of the whole Guangzhou-Foshan pattern of integration.

Association between urban garbage exposure and allergic diseases among sanitation practitioners: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe prevalence of allergic diseases has increased significantly in China over the last few decades, and there have been very few reports of allergic diseases in certain occupational specialties, with almost no reports among sanitation workers. ObjectiveOur objective was to investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases and the prevalence of common allergen sensitization in the population engaged in sanitation, and to try to answer the connection between urban garbage waste exposure and the development of allergic diseases. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of people working in sanitation-related jobs in Liwan District, Guangzhou, China. A total of 893 people completed the questionnaire for this study, and 500 of them were further screened and tested for allergens specific IgE and IgG4. Combining the questionnaire and test results, we investigated the incidence of allergy disorders and patterns of sensitization to allergens in this community, and evaluated the presence of occupational-related risk factors in this particular population. ResultsOf the 893 sanitation workers, 166 (18.59%) self-reported allergic diseases, predominantly suffering from allergic rhinitis (AR) (n = 98, 10.97%), followed by drug allergy (n = 31, 3.47%), atopic dermatitis (n = 27, 3.02%), food allergy (n = 21, 2.35%), and asthma (n = 9, 1.00%), in that order. In addition to dust mites (32.20%), which had the highest sensitization rate, the subject population had relatively high sensitization rates to ragweed (7.00%) and moulds mixture (8.20%) when compared with the rates of sensitization to moulds and ragweed in the general population; the top 3 sIgG4 positivity rates were egg (50.00%), milk (10.20%), and soybean (9.40%). The prevalence of self-reported AR was higher in office managers (the control group) than in cleaning staff (the exposed group), but there was no difference in sIgE positivity for serum allergens between the 2 groups. The chance of having AR may increase with management positions (crude OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.38–3.50), P = 0.001). ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate the prevalence of allergy illnesses in the sanitation workforce in mainland China. We identified a community of real sanitation workers with high ragweed and mycobacterial sensitization rates. Urban cleaning may be protective factor against AR at the symptom level, but the serological results did not show this to be the case.

Integrated Risk Assessment of Waterlogging in Guangzhou Based on Runoff Modeling, AHP, GIS and Scenario Analysis

Among the various natural disasters encountered by cities, rainstorm waterlogging has become a serious disaster, affecting the sustainable development of cities. Taking Guangzhou as the research object, based on disaster system theory and risk triangle theory, the evaluation framework “risk of hazard causing factors—sensitivity of disaster environment—vulnerability of hazard bearing body” was selected to construct the waterlogging risk assessment model of Guangzhou. The weighted comprehensive evaluation method (AHP) was used to determine the index weight, and the rainfall runoff inundation range under different rainstorm scenarios was deduced through a Soil Conservation Service (SCS) runoff generation model and GIS local equal volume passive inundation simulation. The results show that when the precipitation in 2 h is less than 100 mm, the inundation range increases by 3.4 km2 for every 10 mm increase in precipitation; When the precipitation in 2 h is greater than 100 mm, the inundation range will increase by 18 km2 for every 10 mm increase in precipitation. The total area of medium and high flood risk in Guangzhou is 441.3 km2, mainly concentrated in Yuexiu District, Liwan District, Haizhu District and Tianhe District.

Study on the seismic lethal level of buildings and seismic disaster risk in Guangzhou, China

Seismic disaster risk assessment results are an important way to reduce disaster losses and casualties. In this article, a seismic disaster risk assessment method is constructed based on the lethal level, and a quantitative assessment of the earthquake disaster risk in Guangzhou is carried out. There are four typical building types in this study area: brick-wood structures, brick-concrete structures, reinforced concrete structures, and civil structures. Typical building structural components (vertical load-bearing component, ring beam, mortar of infilled wall, roof or floor structure, foundation, height of building, nonstructural component, anti-seismic joint or other anti-seismic measures) are selected to build the lethal level index system of buildings. On the basis of the field survey, a lethal level of 431 survey points is obtained. The average lethal level in urban areas is 0.3476, and in rural areas is 0.4198, the overall lethal level of each township is 0.389, and the errors between the urban and rural areas are 0.0414 and 0.0308, and the fitting results coefficient of determination (R2) values are 0.6803 and 0.6714, respectively, the results is good. Furthermore, considering the seismic hazard (peak ground acceleration, PGA), population exposure and lethal level, the seismic disaster risk distribution of the Guangzhou area is determined. Under different intensities, the risk of death has shown obvious characteristics, as the intensity increases, the number of possible deaths increases rapidly, ranging from a few to several thousand, the higher risk areas are relatively fixed, generally mainly located in the central city, the quantitative assessment results of disaster risk also have obvious directivity. The areas with the highest risk are located in most areas of Tianhe District, Liwan District and Haizhu District, the highest grid death result is more than 1; the lethal level of Baiyun District and Huangpu District is low, but the death risk is also higher, generally between 0.5 and 1, in rural areas in the southern and northern regions of Guangzhou, the risk is relatively low, generally between 0 and 0.5. The distribution map of seismic disaster risk can provide solid scientific and technological support for the government to investigate potential risk points.

Chain Mediation Model of Perceived Stress, Resilience, and Social Support on Coping Styles of Chinese Patients on Hemodialysis During COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown.

BackgroundThe recurrence of COVID-19 and the continuous escalation of prevention and control policies can lead to an increase in mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate the perceived stress, coping style, resilience, and social support among patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) during the COVID-19 epidemic lockdown in China.Material/MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study enrolled 197 patients on MHD from the Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital and the Hedong Hospital of Guangzhou Liwan District People’s Hospital during July 2021. AMOS 24.0 and PROCESS Macro 3.1 model 6 were used for analyses of moderating mediating effects.ResultsPerceived stress was negatively correlated with positive coping style (r=−0.305, P<0.001) and resilience (r=−0.258, P<0.001), whereas resilience (r=0.631, P<0.001) and social support (r=0.300, P<0.001) were positively correlated with positive coping style among patients on MHD. In the moderated mediating model, perceived stress had significant direct predictive effects on positive coping style (95% CI −0.33, −0.07), and perceived stress had significant indirect predictive effects on positive coping styles through resilience (95% CI −0.26, −0.06) or social support (95% CI 0.01, 0.06). Perceived stress had significant indirect predictive effects on positive coping style through both resilience and social support (95% CI −0.04, −0.01).ConclusionsPerceived stress not only predicted coping style directly, but also indirectly predicted coping style through resilience and social support. Coping style was affected by internal and external factors during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period.

Monitoring of Urban Heat Island Based on Community Scale: A Case Study of Guangzhou

This paper is purposed to systematically explain the mechanism of community-scale urban heat island effect, thus providing a practical guidance on how to mitigate it in the urban community-scale thermal environment. Herein, a research is conducted into the surface urban heat island (SUHI) intensity on community scale in the five center urban districts of Guangzhou city. the urban heat island intensity on community scale (CUHII) of the five center urban districts is calculated to analyze the correlation between CUHII and six community factors, including plot ratio, building height, building density, the total number of community households and greening rate. The significant influencing factors for CUHII are building height, plot ratio and greening ratio. The areas with higher CUHII are located in the south of Baiyun District, the whole of Liwan District and the southwest of Haizhu District, but low in the north and the east. The CUHII in different stages of the construction concentrates on the second and third levels (4~8℃), showing an upward trend with the age of construction. There is also an increasing trend shown over time by the significance of correlation between the spatial anisotropy of CUHII and the following four factors, building height, plot ratio, the total number of households, and greening rate.

Epidemiological characteristics of local outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Liwan district, Guangzhou

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of a local outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2(Delta) variant in Liwan district, Guangzhou, and provide evidence for the further prevention and control of the Delta variant of COVID-19. Methods: From May 21 to June 18, 2021, the incidence data of COVID-19 caused by Delta variant were obtained from National Notifiable Disease Report System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and Liwan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangzhou.Frequency analysis (proportions), histograms, and percentage stacked area plots were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreaks. The incubation period and time-varying reproduction numbers (Rt) estimations were used for the further analysis. Results: By June 18, 2021, a total of 127 COVID-19 cases caused by Delta variant was reported in Liwan district. The youngest case was aged 2 years and the oldest was aged 85 years. There were 18.9% (24/127) aged <18 years, 43.3% (55/127) aged 18-59 years, and 37.8% (48/127) aged ≥60 years, the male to female ratio of the cases was 1∶1.35 (54∶73). The cases were mainly retired people (32.3%, 41/127), the jobless or unemployed (18.1%, 23/127), and students (16.5%, 21/127). The infections mainly occurred in Baihedong (70.1%, 89/127) and Zhongnan street (23.6%, 30/127) communities in the southern area of Liwan district. The median incubation period of the Delta variant infection was 6 days (range: 1-15 days). The clinical classification were mainly common type (64.6%, 82/127). The basic reproduction number (R0) was 5.1, Rt which once increased to 7.3. The transmissions mainly occurred in confined spaces, such as home (26.8%), restaurant (29.1%), neighborhood (3.9%), and market (3.1%), the household clustering was predominant. Close contacts tracing (66.1%) and community screening (33.1%) were the main ways to find the infections. Conclusion: The COVID-19 outbreak caused by Delta variant in Liwan district of Guangzhou was highly contagious, with the obvious characteristics of household clustering and high proportions of cases in adults aged 18-59 years and elderly people aged ≥60 years.

Epidemic Characteristics of the Novel Coronavirus Delta Variant in Guangzhou and Grid Crowd Management Based on Public Security Forensic Perspective

Abstract： Objective To analyze the first epidemic spread of the novel coronavirus Delta variant in China based on public security forensic perspective, investigate its transmission characteristics, contributing factors, and epidemiologic research experience, and provide a reference for the prevention and control of the epidemic caused by the novel coronavirus variant. Methods Based on the information that public security forensic experts obtained from front-line epidemiologic research, the gender, age, place of residence, transmission route and infectivity of the coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） confirmed cases, asymptomatic infected persons and their close contacts in Guangzhou caused by the novel coronavirus Delta variant were analyzed. The basic reproduction number （R0） during this epidemic in Guangzhou was calculated. Results Among the 153 cases infected with novel coronavirus Delta variant in the epidemic, 63 cases were male and 90 cases were female, their age ranging from 1 to 92 years, with a median age of 49 years. The main route of transmission was close contact, including dining together, co-living, and close contact in the same residential building. There were 31 cases of family clusters, 25 of which were in Liwan District. The epidemic lasted from May 26 to May 29, and the R0 remained above 4.0. After May 30, R0 began to decline and remained below 1.0 from June 7. Conclusion The novel coronavirus Delta variant is highly infectious, the crowd is generally susceptible to infection and family cluster cases are easy to occur. So, it is necessary to precisely prevent and control this strain. Public security forensic experts have both medical literacy and criminal investigation capabilities, they can play a more professional role in epidemic prevention and control.

A Cathodic Electrochromic Material Based on Thick Perylene Bisimide Film with High Optical Contrast and High Stability

A Cathodic Electrochromic Material Based on Thick Perylene Bisimide Film with High Optical Contrast and High Stability

Spatial autocorrelation of dengue cases and molecular biological characteristics of envelope gene of dengue virus in Guangzhou, 2019

Objective: Analyze epidemiological situation of dengue fever,and survey impacts of four serotypes dengue viruses in Guangzhou, 2019. Methods: Information of patients was collected in Notifiable Infectious Disease Report System (NIDRS). Spatial autocorrelation of dengue cases was evaluated using ArcGIS version 10.2. Serum samples were tested by real-time PCR. Virus strains were isolated from positive sera. Then E gene was sequenced. Phylogenetic trees were including PhyMLsoftwarev 3.1. Results: A total of 1 655 dengue cases, consisted of 1 382 local cases and 273 imported cases, was confirmed in 2019. The incidence was 11.10 per 100 000 dengue cases were autocorrelated in Guangzhou. There were 18 high-high clusters. Most of the imported dengue cases were imported from Southeast Asian countries (86.08%,235/273) and African countries (2.56%,7/273). Of 749 serum samples detected by real-time PCR, the positive rate was 93.06% (697/749). Four hundred and sixty-four dengue virus strains had been isolated in 2019. Compared with data from the genotype tree of the former years, no genotype shift was discovered. Serotype 1 was still predominant. Serotype 2 was the significant strain in Baiyun district and Liwan district. Conclusions: Dengue fever was spreading all over Guangzhou in 2019. The suburban areas, which played a more critical role in causing the spread and outbreak of dengue fever, should be given more prominence. Inspection at ports should be enforced to prevent importing cases from African countries and Southeast Asian countries. The risk of serotype 2 cannot be overlooked. Four serotypes dengue viruses prevailed simultaneously in Guangzhou, which warns us to take precaution of severe dengue outbreaks.

Accuracy of Self-Reported Hypertension, Diabetes, and Hyperlipidemia among Adults of Liwan, Guangzhou, China.

Background:We aimed to determine the accuracy of self-reported diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in Chinese adults and examine factors that affect the accuracy of self-reports.Methods:This representative cross-sectional survey was conducted in Liwan District, Guangzhou City, Southeast China. Self-reported data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Biometrical data were recorded, including blood lipid, blood glucose and arterial blood pressure levels. Sensitivity, specificity, and κ values of self-reports were used as measurements of accuracy or agreements. The Robust Poisson-GEE was applied to determine the association of participants’ characteristics with the accuracy of self-reports.Results:Self-reported and biometrical data of 1278 residents aged 18 yr and older (693 women and 585 men) were used to calculate three measures of agreement. The agreement between self-reports and biomedical measurements was substantial for both hypertension and diabetes (κ=0.77 and 0.76), but only slight for hyperlipidemia (κ=0.06). Similarly, the sensitivity was higher for hypertension and diabetes (72.3% and 71.2%) than for hyperlipidemia (6.8%), while the specificity was high overall (≥98%). The factors associated with an accurate self-reported diagnosis in respondents with disease included having undergone blood pressure measurement (for hypertension) or blood glucose measurement (for diabetes) in the past 6 month, having attended health knowledge lectures in the past year and having social health insurances (for hypertension), and having undergone physical discomfort in the past 2 weeks (for hypertension and diabetes).Conclusion:The accuracy of self-reported hypertension and diabetes was high, whereas that of self-reported hyperlipidemia was lower among the population.

Creative Transformation and Innovative Development of Lingnan Traditional Architectural Culture-Taking the Architecture Reconstruction Design of Liwan District in Guangzhou as an Example

This paper first discusses the historical background of Lingnan traditional architectural culture, then summarizes the general situation of Lingnan traditional architectural culture from the characteristics of Lingnan traditional architecture and the cultural connotation of Lingnan traditional architecture. Subsequently, taking the architecture reconstruction of Liwan District in Guangzhou as an example, it expounded from the three aspects of micro level, meso level and macro level, and tried to propose a practical model that has practical guiding significance for the creative transformation and innovative development of Lingnan traditional architectural culture.

Association of anterior segment parameters and 5-year incident narrow angles: findings from an older Chinese population

PurposeTo assess the association of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) parameters and 5-year incident narrow angle in China.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of people aged 50 and older...

Five-year changes in anterior segment parameters in an older population in urban southern China: the Liwan Eye Study

PurposeTo investigate the 5-year changes in static and dynamic anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) parameters and their predictors.MethodsThis was a prospective, population-based cohort study of people aged 50 years...

Diabetes knowledge, attitude and behavior of community nurses in Liwan District of Guangzhou City

Objective To understand the diabetes knowledge, education and management attitude and behavior of community nurses in Liwan District of Guangzhou City and to analyze its influencing factors so as to provide a basis for developing diabetes integrated control in community. Methods From February to March 2017, we selected 189 nurses met the inclusive criteria in 19 community health service centers in Liwan District of Guangzhou City by cluster sampling. The investigation was carried out with the general information questionnaire, diabetes knowledge questionnaire, diabetes attitude questionnaire, diabetes behavior questionnaire. Results Among 189 community nurses, the scores of standard score of diabetes knowledge, attitude and behavior were (10.62±2.39) , (58.05±5.78) and (54.09±7.67) respectively. The accuracy rate of the total terms in diabetes knowledge was 53.1%. There were statistical differences in the scores of diabetes knowledge among community nurses with different titles and whether they operated the insulin pen (P<0.05) , in the scores of diabetes attitude among community nurses with different educational background, whether they accepted diabetes knowledge training, whether they operated the insulin pen, whether they carried out diabetes health education (P<0.05) . There were also statistical differences in the scores of diabetes behavior among community nurses whether they accepted diabetes knowledge training and they carried out diabetes health education (P<0.05) . Conclusions Community nurses of Guangzhou City lack diabetes knowledge, but they have positive attitudes and good implementation capacity. We should strengthen diabetes knowledge as well as skill training and improve diabetes knowledge and behavior quality of community nurses. Key words: Surveys and questionnaires; Diabetes mellitus; Community health centers; Nurses, community health; Knowledge; Attitude; Behavior

Effects of knowledge and skill training on diabetes knowledge, attitude and practice and skill levels in community nurses

Objective To explore the effects of knowledge and skill training on diabetes knowledge, attitude and practice and skill levels in community nurses in Guangzhou City and to provide effective measures to improve diabetes-related knowledge and skill levels of community nurses. Methods Totally 40 community nurses from Liwan District, Guangzhou were selected as the subjects of training between October and November 2017 by convenient sampling. These community nurses received diabetes knowledge and skill training for 2 months after a investigation with questionnaire (diabetes knowledge questionnaire for community nurses, diabetes management attitude questionnaire, diabetes management behavior questionnaire, and diabetes management skill assessment scale) . The community nurses' diabetes knowledge, diabetes management attitude and diabetes management behavior and skill scores were compared before and after training. Results The community nurses' scores of diabetes knowledge and diabetes management attitude after training significantly increased than those before training (P 0.05) . The score of the nurses' insulin injection skills and portable glucose meter were higher than that before training (P<0.05) . Conclusions Training for community nurses helps to improve their diabetes knowledge and operation skills as well as their attitude towards diabetes management and enhance their awareness of the importance of diabetes management in the community. Key words: In-job training; Diabetes; Community nurses; Knowledge; Attitude; Behavior; Skills