Development Of Livestock Sector Research Articles

The Role of Beef Cattle in Livestock Sector Development in Pati Regency, Central Java

Beef cattle are a strategic commodity that acts as a source of income and savings in the life of farmers. Pati Regency is one of the areas targeted to become beef cattle production centers. The purpose of the study was to analyze the potential and development strategies of Beef Cattle in Pati Regency. This research was conducted on August 2022 in Pati Regency. Data were analyzed using LQ, DLQ and carrying capacity analysis. From the results of the LQ analysis, it was known that beef cattle commodities are classified as bases in 13 sub-districts out of a total of 21 sub-districts in Pati Regency. The value of DLQ indicated that the beef cattle commodity in Pati Regency in the future can still survive as a basic sector. The result showed that beef cattle commodities in Pati Regency had a comparative advantage that can be developed into a leading sector. Pati Regency has a promising level of carrying capacity by 1,874,071 units livestock, which means that the area is capable of developing livestock. The study concluded that beef cattle had a role as basic and prospective commodity in supporting Pati Regency economic development.

English

Development of the livestock sector in South Africa has the potential to contribute significantly to national development. The aim of this study was to explore challenges and propose recommendations to support livestock sector development in South Africa using a stakeholder-driven approach. Interviews with high-level stakeholders across major livestock industries were conducted to gather insights. Responses were verified by a literature review and supplemented with an event study analysis on parameters for livestock production and exports. Interview respondents revealed livestock disease management in the face of increasing disease burden, high input costs, and limited government resources as a major challenge to national livestock-sector development. Implementation of national and international regulations on controlled diseases severely limits profitability. Emerging farmers are discouraged from investing in livestock disease management and are thus excluded from entering and remaining in the commercial value chains. Inclusive growth of the sector can be achieved through strengthening public-private partnerships through joint mentorship, training, and awareness-raising programmes. Evidence- and risk-based approaches to the national and international regulations and official guidance on outbreak management are needed. National animal identification and traceability systems and wider adoption of compartment systems for biosecurity, growth stimulants and poultry cages can enhance disease management and exports. Key words: African swine fever, event study analysis, foot-and-mouth disease, highly pathogenic avian influenza, livestock disease, livestock sector development, South Africa, stakeholder-driven approach.

Cross Sectional Study of Small East African Goat Ovarian Morphology During Wet and Dry Seasons

Reproductive cycle of Small East African (SEA) goats in the tropics is characterized by a reduced fertility rate during the dry season. The reduced fertility rate has a negative impact on livestock sector development and the livelihood of rural communities. The current study was conducted to evaluate ovarian morphometric parameters and follicular atresia during dry and wet seasons. A total of 90 apparently healthy adult goats from Morogoro region in Tanzania brought for slaughter at Morogoro Municipal slaughterhouse were randomly selected for the study. Following the slaughter both left and right ovaries were collected for gross and histomorphological analysis. The results of morphometric analysis found that, length of right ovary was significantly higher than that of the left (p<0.05). Histological analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of atretic follicles during the dry season when compared to the wet season (p<0.05). These findings indicate that the reduced fertility rate in the SEA goat during the dry season could be contributed by an increased rate of follicular atresia

Meat production in Abay district of Abay region of Kazakhstan in the context of intensification of technological processes in agro-industrial complex

The goal – is to analyze modern development of meat industry in Abay district of Abay region, identify advantages and disadvantages, as well as develop a set of measures for the effective functioning of meat and meat products market. Methods – balance, monographic, statistical and economic, settlement and constructive. Results – main indicators of development of livestock sector and meat industry of the region are considered, in particular, the share of crop and livestock production in the gross output of agricultural products (services) is shown; the number of livestock and poultry in all categories of farms, including cattle, sheep and goats, horses; production in slaughter weight; dynamics of the volume of processing of meat products. A comprehensive study made it possible to identify the problems of meat sub-complex associated with technical and technological backwardness of agricultural enterprises, the presence of inefficient and inactive economic entities, low competitiveness of meat products in foreign market, and the lack of financial resources. Conclusions – to obtain a wide range of meat products in the Abay district and in the whole region, it is necessary to take effective measures by creating a strong raw mat erial base for meat processing enterprises, developing market infrastructure, intensifying the pr ocesses of using processing enterprises of their own production capacities, while enterprises that provide a high degree of depth of processing of livestock and slaughter products will prevail at the lowest cost. An important role is played by improvement of state and ma rket regulation. For these purposes, it is necessary to develop a mechanism for increasing meat procurement. The main directions for the development of relations between agricultural producers and processing enterprises are an effective system of pricing, contractual relations, expanding the network of market infrastructure that provides technical, technological and organizational management of continuous supply to the consumer.

European Green Transition Implications on Africa’s Livestock Sector Development and Resilience to Climate Change

Green growth and the transition towards green growth are gaining scientific and public interest across Africa at an unprecedented rate. The Paris Agreement ratification by all 54 member states and the African Union (AU) goals in its Agenda 2063 on green economies are sufficient evidence of this. This is in line with the European Green Deal (EGD) aspirations, which envisages making Europe a carbon neutral economy by 2050. One of the EGD’s four main pillars is sustainable food systems. The success of EGD is premised on its ability to inspire and support green transition and effective climate action globally. The borderless nature of climate change necessitates a holistic approach to ensure the EU’s green transition does not come at the cost of development elsewhere. The main challenge is finding Africa’s space and position within the desired holistic approach, as Africa’s economy is agriculturally driven. One key African agricultural sub-sector significantly impacting livelihoods is livestock, which supports up to 80% of the rural livelihoods and which grapples with challenges in satisfying the needs of a fast-growing population. What could the EU green transition mean to this sector? We established that between 2010–2019, the African livestock population grew exponentially, and feed production followed the same path, with the share of land under forests, grasslands and meadows declining drastically. Over the same period, the percentage of land under arable farming increased while the animal-based protein and meat imports curve grew exponentially. This situation puts the continent in a dilemma about finding a sustainable solution for the food–feed and environmental nexus. Against this backdrop, a myriad of questions arises on how the green transition can be established to promote mitigating any loss that might occur in the process. We conducted a detailed sectoral trend analysis based on Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) statistics to find plausible solutions and pathways to achieve a greener transition. We coupled it with intensive policy mapping to develop science-policy-driven solutions that could promote the green transition sustainably. To sustainably accelerate the sectoral growth trajectory while addressing climate change, we recommend adopting and implementing raft measures geared towards increased sectoral efficiency, effectiveness, innovativeness and a holistic approach to the problem. Adopting transformative policies can promote the sector’s competitiveness through incentivisation, technological adoption, financial support, market support and increased awareness of its importance in sustainable development. However, exercising caution in implementing these practices is crucial to ensure there is no leakage effect in implementing the EGD across Africa and beyond.

Development of Livestock Sector in Tanzania - a joint approach with China

Development of Livestock Sector in Tanzania - a joint approach with China

Livestock in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh: An Analysis for Some Policy Implications

Background: For formulating appropriate policies for development of livestock sector, it is necessary to assess the trends and dynamics of livestock population in the two states. In this study, we assessed the dynamics of livestock population in two central states of India, viz. Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh during the period 2003-2019. Methods: The study is based on secondary data, sourced from various Government of India publications. The analytical tools comprised of simple descriptive statistics and fitting exponential trend equations. Result: We found temporal variations in shares of different species to total livestock population. While population of cattle declined in Madhya Pradesh, the same registered a minor increase in Chhattisgarh. The reverse situation was observed in case of buffaloes. Within small ruminant population, importance of goats has increased compared to sheep. Rural livelihood dependency is highest on cattle in both the states. Economic dependence on sheep and pig is more in Chhattisgarh than Madhya Pradesh. The critical inputs and services availability and infrastructure for animal health care were also assessed at the respective state levels. Some policy suggestions have been given based on the findings of the study on leveraging the opportunities offered by livestock sector.

Study on the Diversity of Products Obtained from Sheep in the Current Bioeconomy Context

A concern for the growth and utilization of sheep is raised since ancient times in Romania. The development of livestock sector is determined by the climate and the geographical configuration with the availability of grasslands maintained by transhumants. The pastoralism founded a domestic processing of milk, wool and leather products with positive socio-economic implications on material and spiritual life of local people. The sheep breeds prevailed until the 20th century were ‘Tucana’ and ‘Stogose’ and, to a lesser extent, ‘Tisigai’. These breeds, generally unimproved, have a profound fitness and resistance to harsh weather conditions. These breeds were also fit for traveling long routes in search of food. The utilization of a sheep breed is determined by the national economic demand, productivity potential of the breed, available, technology, improvement and utilization methods of the breed. The said sheep breeds were appreciated because they produce a diversity of products having superior nutritional or economic values. It is known especially for its white wool, which is used in domestic industry for making clothes and other products including artifacts, textiles, Persian carpets, etc. Considering the local natural conditions and the national economic demands, the sheep husbandry was assisted continuously to support intensive and multilateral development producing the necessary raw materials for the textile, fur, leather and food industry. Both research and the technical developments have contributed to the zootechnical field geared to resolve the problems appeared in the development of sheep. The scientific knowledge and expertise need to be combined with application skills leading to the development and modernization of complex technologies helping growth of sheep products.

Livestock Population Dynamics in Central India: A District-level Analysis of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh

In this study, we assessed the dynamics of district-level livestock population in two central states of India, viz. Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh during the period 2012-19. The analytical tools comprised of simple descriptive statistics and fitting exponential trend equations. We found temporal variations in shares of different species to total district-wise livestock population. While population of cattle declined in Madhya Pradesh, the same registered a minor increase in Chhattisgarh. The reverse situation was observed in case of buffaloes. Dynamics of changes in small ruminant population pointed towards the increasing importance of goats as compared to sheep. Although, cattle is the livestock species on which the rural population mostly depend for their livelihood in both the states, economic dependence on sheep and pig is more in Chhattisgarh than Madhya Pradesh. Some policy suggestions have been given based on the findings of the study on leveraging the opportunities offered by livestock sector.
 HIGHLIGHTS
 
 In the context of increasing population pressure and associated shrinking landholding size, diversification of agricultural activities becomes crucial.
 The role of livestock, on account of more equitable distribution in favour of resource poor farmers, is important for sustainable livelihood security of farmers.
 For formulating appropriate policies for development of livestock sector, it is necessary to carry out disaggregated analyses to assess the district-level trends and dynamics of livestock population.

Policy Effects on the Sustainability of Animal Breeding

Sustainability in animal breeding can be understood as continuous availability of breeding animals and their germinal products for commercial production, that now and in the future, meet the requirements of a broad range of stakeholders: breeders, farmers, livestock keepers, producers, consumers and others, while respecting animal welfare and promoting more sustainable agriculture. Breeding goals are established to contribute to fulfilling various aspects of sustainability: quality, diversity, acceptability, environment and economics. Government policies and strategies have major impacts on animal breeding; they provide the basis for establishing the legal landscape for national priorities for livestock sector development and provide for institutional arrangements and control measures. Implementation of international agreements supports policy development for sustainability in animal breeding and production. The Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources was prepared to directly contribute to sustainable management of livestock calling for improved characterization, monitoring, breeding and conservation. The Convention on Biological Diversity calls for the conservation of genetic diversity, including agricultural genetic resources. Animal breeding and strategies for livestock development require long-term policy perspectives, as poor decisions can have lasting detrimental effects. This paper is intended to highlight the importance of policy development in efforts to achieve sustainability in the livestock sector.

Assessing Livestock Sector Development of India in the Era of Global Trade Distortions

In the WTO regime, surging imports have not only affected farm incomes but also employment in many developing countries. Consequent upon cheap imports and absence of adequate protection measures, safeguarding income and livelihood of poor farmers have emerged issues that need to be addressed by policy makers. As rightly pointed out, the developing world have suddenly become the children of a lesser god and they are the neo-poor. Further, though producer milk prices in India stand significantly lower than US and Western Europe, dairy product prices are relatively higher than international market prices owing to domestic processing inefficiencies in India. An earlier study assessed the impact of GATT on dairy products and projected the world dairy product prices to rise by about 2.3 per cent in real terms by the year 2002. The study categorically emphasized on the fact that domestic product prices would remain higher than world market prices despite expected surge in world market prices. This necessitates improvement in production and processing efficiency of livestock sector in India to make it competitive with imports. India is already price competitive in the world market and when subsidies from competitive producers like USA and EU countries are removed, the situation will make India more price competitive. In case India is not able to capture the world market in the event of removal of subsidies from the modern bloc countries, the other competitors like Australia and New Zealand would capture this market and enter in a big way to flood markets with their dairy products, making us loosing our competitiveness and a great opportunity in the new trade regime.

Livestock industry of the Urals on the eve of the Great Patriotic War

The study examines the development of the most important branch of agriculture and livestock farming on the eve of the great Patriotic war of 19411945. The work provides the most important indicators of the livestock development in the USSR as a whole and in the Ural Region in particular after the beginning of agricultural production reconstruction in the Soviet Union on an industrial basis. The authors analyze the reasons that influenced the dynamics of the agricultural livestock sector development in the country after the beginning of collectivization in the Soviet village. The paper contains the facts of the negative impact of the first steps that the leaders of the country and the Ural regions made during the transition to industrial methods of livestock farming. The paper also considers the ways of the identified shortcomings and excesses elimination in the agricultural policy in the 20s30s of the XX century. The paper provides clear evidence that, despite the most serious mistakes in planning the development of the industry in conditions when the bulk of commercial livestock products gradually began to be produced by large collective and state agricultural enterprises rather than by small farms, the states efforts to improve the efficiency of the industry yielded positive results. Compared with previous periods, the marketability of agricultural production in general and the livestock industry in particular significantly increased. For example, in comparison with the pre-revolutionary period, the marketability of meat had risen from 42% to 67% by 1940 as well as the amount of meat produced in the country had increased from 2,4 million tons in the late 20s to 4,2 million tons by 1940. At the same time, the Ural economic area during the period under review, contrary to many established stereotypes, was one of the largest livestock areas in the USSR. In the Soviet Union the share of livestock in agricultural production reached 25,4% while in the Urals it was 28,4%.

Development of Livestock Sector in the Semi-arid Regions of Karnataka: Status and Strategies

Development of Livestock Sector in the Semi-arid Regions of Karnataka: Status and Strategies

Agricultural enterprises development strategy investment support in the field of animal husbandry in Ukraine

The article studies the theoretical and methodological principles of investment support for agricultural enterprises development strategy. Under modern conditions, when the Ukrainian producers are forced to revise the strategic guidelines for their own development as a result of the lost traditional markets for agricultural products, the investment support for implementing the long-term development programs becomes especially topical. Such elements of investment support for enterprise development as investment environment, investment potential and investment climate, have to be considered not only by the commodity producers but also influenced by the state on a regular basis. The enterprises investment support system is dynamic and flexible in terms of quite turbulent modern economic development of Ukraine, it is constantly transformed under the influence of a wide range of factors. This requires the formation and implementation of an effective national policy to attract foreign investment, to boost the investment attractiveness of the national economy as a whole, to ensure an adequate protection level of investments and to implement other system measures to create a favorable investment environment. The study of the livestock sector development trend in Ukraine shows that after years of neglect to the industry development by the state we face degradation, evidenced by the negative dynamics of both volumetric and qualitative indicators. In terms of the research the attention was paid to the development of tools for forecasting the investment support impact on the livestock enterprises development indicators in order to use the predictive model in strategic planning.

Small ruminants as a pathway to reduce urban poverty: An empirical analysis of Sudan.

Aim:This study aimed to measure the energetic incidence of poverty and determines the main factors that cause urban poverty. Moreover, the study examines the key role of the livestock sector in poverty reduction in urban regions and develops an analytical tool to aid in urban area poverty mitigation through goats and sheep ownership.Materials and Methods:The study mainly depends on primary data assembled through structured and unstructured questionnaires, which were distributed among the targeted groups in the urban area in Sudan. Poverty line and poverty indices were calculated and measured using various well-known methods. The causes of poverty were estimated using logistic regression, and the effect of small ruminants in poverty alleviation was estimated using multivariate regression analysis.Results:The study findings indicate that both food and income poverty lines are less than the standard poverty line. In addition, the results imply that rural migration and crime predictors are among the most important factors in increasing urban poverty in the study area. Furthermore, livestock ownership has a significant impact on poverty reduction.Conclusion:The study concludes that small ruminants are playing a key role in reducing urban poverty. Thus, the study urges planners and policy-makers to support policies that promote livestock sector development as a strategy to alleviate poverty in Sudan.

Mathematical methods of data processing in the formation and evaluation of sectoral structure in agricultural enterprises

The sectoral structure of most agricultural enterprises is unbalanced and uncoordinated, which underlies the need in deepened research of its improvement. This paper is dedicated to the formation and evaluation of the sectoral structure with the use of mathematical methods of data processing. Mathematical economic modeling based on optimization and simulation models has been applied for the formation and evaluation of sectoral structure in agricultural enterprises. The approbation of the aforementioned models has been carried out in a certain agricultural enterprise. The simulation modeling has been used to develop a production model by the types of products that enterprise does not produce (milk, fish products and honey). The optimization model has been developed taking into account the rational use of the enterprise’s land with the prospect of livestock sector development. Obtaining the maximum net income (proceeds) from products sales has been chosen as the optimality criterion. According to calculations, the maintenance of cows is unprofitable; the production of fish and honey is profitable. Due to the diversification of the sectoral structure, the enterprise’s profitability level will increase from 16.6 to 45.8 percent. The implementation of optimization and simulation models allows to assess the existing level of sectoral structure in agricultural enterprise and to form its optimal sectoral structure with ensuring the rational use of resources and obtaining profit.

A Comparative Overview of the Livestock-Environment Interactions in Asia and Sub-saharan Africa.

Understanding the interactions between livestock and the environment in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa is essential to sustainable livestock sector development. In this comparative overview, we review the available evidence on the extent of grassland degradation, land, and water pollution by nutrients and microorganisms, water stress, biodiversity loss, and greenhouse gas emissions and their relation to livestock production in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. We also draw on Asia's past livestock development trajectories and their impacts to provide guidance for future sustainable livestock development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Forward-looking policies and programs that anticipate long-term changes in the livestock sector and that assess trade-offs between policies and investments in multiple environmental domains in Sub-Saharan Africa are required to support sustainable development and guide policy decisions in the years ahead, from an environmental, social and public health perspective.

Impact of climate change (heat stress) on livestock: adaptation and mitigation strategies for sustainable production

It is reported sporadically in different countries of the world including India that climate change has adverse effect on livestock productivity, particularly on milk production and growth which is reflected in meat production indirectly. Climate Change poses formidable challenge to the development of livestock sector in India. The rise in temperature between 2 to 3 °C over the entire country together with increased humidity resulting from climate change is likely to aggravate the heat stress in dairy animals resulting in reduced growth and milk production. Quantification of these potential impacts of climate on livestock production allows producers to gain a better understanding of the magnitude of the changes in production levels and potential indicators of livestock response, on which managemental actions depend. Economic losses resulting from temperature-induced reductions in production may justify adaptation and mitigation of adverse impact of climate change on animal. So in this paper impact of climate change on feed intake, production, reproduction, physiology, disease occurrence in livestock, poultry etc were discussed. Moreover different adaptive and mitigation measures were discussed to reduce adverse negative effect of climate change for sustainable livestock production

Тренды, проблемы и перспективы развития животноводства на Юге России

Тренды, проблемы и перспективы развития животноводства на Юге России

Effect of Global Warming on Livestock Production and Reproduction: An Overview

Global warming refers to the increase in the earth’s average temperature due to the accumulation of green house gases in the atmosphere. Due to global warming, there is a climate change which poses alarming challenge to the development of livestock sector in India with an anticipated rise in temperature between 2.3 and 4.8°C together with increased precipitation. This causes thermal stress to animals. Effect of thermal stress on animal health mainly includes reduction of production and reproduction traits in animals. Reduction in milk production is one of the major economic impacts of thermal stress in dairy cattle. Heat stress is of major concern for the poultry industry because of the resulting poor growth performances and high mortality rates. Over all, heat stress reduces the reproductive and productive performance of livestock by various means and thus in this review, we presented a brief note of various production and reproduction parameters affected due to global warming. Keywords: Global warming, production, reproduction Cite this Article Balamurugan B, Tejaswi V, Priya K et al. Effect of Global Warming on Livestock Production and Reproduction: An Overview. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2017; 6(3): 12–18p.