Livestock Numbers Research Articles

Impact of Farm Diversification on Income and Expenditure of Small Scale Farm Households in Rangpur District of Bangladesh

Farm production diversification has the potential to broaden and strengthen the sources of farm and non-farm incomes of rural households. This study intends to estimate the impact of farm diversification on income and expenditure of smallholder farm households. A total sample of 100 farmers were randomly selected from the three villages namely South Panapukur, Gaghottari and Betgari under Gangachara upazila of Rangpur district in Bangladesh. Both tabular and quantitative analyses were done to achieve the major objectives of the study. The findings show that the socioeconomic characteristics, cropping pattern, land type, soil type of Gangachara upazila are suitable for farm diversification. From 100 farmers about 55 percent farmers practiced 11-16 numbers of crops, vegetables, livestock and fish. Smallholder farm households were also involved in both farm and non-farm activities which were 71 percent of farm households. Average annual income from farm and non-farm activities were Tk. 75150.00 and Tk. 23350.00 respectively. Average annual expenditure on farm and non-farm practices was Tk. 43000.00 and Tk. 12000.00, respectively. In the present findings, the average annual expenditure on food and non-food items was Tk. 41000.00 per family. The Poisson regression was run to predict the determinants of farm diversification in the last 12 months where soil type, farm size and employment member of family were statistically significant at one percent level of significance and education was statistically significant at five percent level of significance. The Multiple regressions were done to estimate the impact of farm diversification on income and expenditure where farm size and combination of farm and non-farm practices were statistically significant at one percent probability level. But all the explanatory variables included in the model were not statistically significant as were generally expected. Farmers faced different problems and constraints in diversifying farm. In spite of the entire problems, this study has thrown light on some important issues regarding farm diversification of the study areas. Overall results indicate that rather than farm diversifications, diversification of income from farm to non-farm sources positively and significantly affect the household income and expenditure.

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ТА УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРНИМ РОЗВИТКОМ У СІЛЬСЬКИХ ГРОМАДАХ

Currently, the level of development of social, production and market infrastructure in agriculture remains very low, which has led to the devastation of Ukrainian villages and, as a result, to the disruption and decline of the reproductive process in the agro-industrial complex. Therefore, the formation and development of infrastructure is a necessary condition for the effective interaction of the subjects of primary and secondary production and contributes to the creation of general prerequisites for the growth and development of agricultural production. The article examines the management of infrastructural development of rural communities. The functions of the village infrastructure, state programs for the development of rural communities were considered. It is necessary to continue to work on state programs and projects, to improve the process of financing and control over its implementation in order to ensure their effectiveness, to take care of the sustainable development of the infrastructure of rural communities, to create new jobs, and to attract investments in the agricultural sector. The shortcomings of the development of the infrastructure of the village were studied. The interrelationship of production, social, and organizational-management aspects of village development and the interrelationship of the infrastructural complex of rural areas are schematically displayed. Increasing the level of control functions in unitary enterprises takes place in three stages: municipal level, regional level, interregional level). The socio-economic development of rural communities is analyzed. The number of the rural population for 2018-2022 has significantly decreased, the state of the labor market has worsened, the number of productive livestock has decreased, and the total area of residential buildings put into operation increased. To solve the problems of rural infrastructure development, it is necessary to train production personnel, experts and young scientists, as well as to develop special standards for training specialists to work with rural infrastructure equipment.

Степной орёл в Алтае-Саянском регионе – результаты исследований 2019–2023 годов

Степной орёл в Алтае-Саянском регионе – результаты исследований 2019–2023 годов

LIVE WEIGHT AND PRODUCTIVITY INDICATORS OF TAVRIAN-TYPE RAMS OF ASKANIYA THIN-CORN BREED

Breeding and breeding work with sheep of the Askanian thin-fleece breed is aimed at increasing meat productivity, creating precocious animals with well-defined meat forms and improved qualities of merino wool. The purpose of the work is to identify the features of productivity indicators of Taurian rams of the Askanian fine-wool breed, taking into account their live weight and using the obtained data during breeding and breeding work with animals. To conduct research, groups of lambs with different indicators of live weight were assembled: Group I - live weight up to 65.0 kg; II group - live weight 66.0-70.0 kg; III group - live weight of 71.0 kg and more. The total number of experimental livestock was 45 heads. The lambs of the third experimental group had a live weight of 73.0 kg. Their advantage over the rams of the first group was 10.8 kg, or 14.8%. The difference between the rams of the second and third groups was 5.0 kg, or 6.8%. A higher shearing of unwashed wool was also noted in the rams of the third group - 7.3 kg. Their advantage over the rams of the first group was 0.9 kg, or 12.3%, and the second 0.2 kg, which is 2.7%. The lambs with a higher live weight (III group) also had a higher cut of washed wool, which, respectively, amounted to 4.0 kg. The yield of washed fiber in rams had an optimal value for sheep of the Taurian type of the Askanian fine-wool breed and ranged from 50.0 to 54.8%. The difference in shearing of washed wool between lambs of the first and third groups was 0.8 kg, or 20.0%. According to such features as length, tone and density of wool, a significant advantage of the experimental stock over the regulatory requirements for the breed was noted. To pay special attention to the improvement of such parameters of wool productivity of Taurian type rams of the Askanian fine-wool breed, as the density and tone of wool, in particular, in animals with low indicators of live weight, which will positively affect the overall level of wool production in the farm.

Гнездовые группировки орлов на ключевой орнитологической территории «Чинк Донызтау» в 2022 году

Гнездовые группировки орлов на ключевой орнитологической территории «Чинк Донызтау» в 2022 году

МОЛОДЕЖНЫЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ В ПОСТРЕВОЛЮЦИОННОМ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАНИИ РОССИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДОНСКОГО КОМСОМОЛА: 20-Е ГОДЫ XX ВЕКА)

The purpose of the article is to study the history of the creation and development of the Don organization of the Russian Communist Youth League in the 1920s of the 20th century, its contribution to the development and transformation of Russia during this period. Both general scientific and concrete historical methods are used. These methods are used to analyze the work of the unions of proletarian youth; to describe the forms of involvement in the communist youth organ-ization; to reveal the tasks assigned by the higher bod-ies to the Komsomol cells and the ways to solve them. The transition to peaceful construction took place in a very difficult situation: industrial production decreased seven times, the largest Don enterprises did not work due to the lack of raw materials and fuel; gross agricul-tural output decreased by 33% compared to the pre-war level; the number of livestock sharply decreased; acre-age continued to decrease. Measures needed to be taken to restore and develop the economy and culture. Komsomol members and Don youth took an active part in this work. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the restoration of the national economy, the collection of food taxes, work with farm laborers, cultural and educa-tional activities were the contribution of the Don Kom-somol to the post-revolutionary transformation of Rus-sia.

Current state of livestock economy in Kazakhstan

The purpose of article is to study the state of the livestock economy in Kazakhstan, identify problems and justify promising directions for solving them for the industry. For the development of agriculture, the Concept for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2021-2030 was adopted. The study was conducted in the context of individual entrepreneurs, peasant or farm enterprises, and public farms. It has been established that livestock farming in Kazakhstan is developing at a high rate. There has been an increase in meat production in slaughter and live weight. In terms of the number of livestock, the largest increase was obtained in horses and cows, but in the number of pigs, goats, as well as in the production of chicken eggs, there was a decrease in indicators. Problems in the development of livestock farming in Kazakhstan are highlighted: lack of self-sufficiency in poultry meat and dairy products; imbalance of feed production; low efficiency of production organization in personal subsidiary plots of the population; tense epizootic situation regarding especially dangerous animal diseases, ineffectiveness of government control; deterioration of the material and technical equipment of state veterinary organizations; low level of personnel training; limited environmental monitoring.

КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ МЕТОДИКА ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ АГРОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОГО КЛАСТЕРА АДМИНИСТРАТИВНЫХ РАЙОНОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ

Ensuring the growth of the economy of Belarus provides for sustainable socio-economic development of admin-istrative districts, which significantly increases the level of income and quality of lifeof the population. The main trigger for the development of administrative districts is the increase in the eco-nomic efficiency of the functioning of their agro-production cluster, which consists of agricultural organizations and food and light industry processing enterprises. As a re-sult of the research, a comprehensive methodology for optimizing the agro-production cluster of administrative districts has been developed, including a three-level economic and mathematical model in which all agricultural organizations, on-farm production units and processing enterprises are represented as separate blocks, including components in the form of restrictions of the main and connecting blocks. The objective function of the model is designed to determine the max-imumgross value added. The model was tested on the example of the agro-industrial cluster of the Gorkiadministrative district of the Mogilev region of the Republic of Belarus(hereinafter –Gorki district), which includes 8 agricultural organi-zations and a milk processing enterprise, the butter and cheese plant OJSC Molochny Gorki. During the calculations, the substantiation of the prospective crop yields and annual livestock productivity in the farms of the Gorki district was per-formed using correlation models. The optimal number of livestock and sown areas of commercial crops have been calcu-lated. The reserves for the growth of production volumes and economic efficiency of the functioning of the agro-production cluster and the Gorki district have been determined.

STATE SUPPORT AS A NECESSARY ELEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE FAR NORTH

The article touches upon topical issues related to the problem of the development of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Agriculture in the republic is conducted in conditions of a sharply continental climate, a long duration of the winter period and a short dry summer period, with an amplitude of annual temperatures of 100˚C, is characterized by risky agriculture on permafrost, the development of traditional types of farming, namely cattle breeding, herd horse breeding, northern domestic reindeer husbandry. Fundamental transformations have been carried out in the economy of the republic, including in the agricultural sector. At the same time, the measures taken did not give proper results in increasing productivity in the sectors of economic and industrial activity in rural areas. Normal household and social conditions have not been created for the actual attraction and consolidation of local personnel in rural areas, which leads to a shortage of not only qualified specialists of various profiles, but also, all this greatly affects the number of livestock, namely, contributes to a significant reduction in animal husbandry, horse breeding, reindeer husbandry, that is, in the main traditional economic sectors, freeing up the number of people employed in this industry. There are many difficulties that emerge while agricultural production in the conditions of the North. Its hinder not merely economic growth but the development of rural areas in general. It has been established that the regional peculiarities of agriculture have a great influence, therefore, state support is necessary for the development of agriculture, taking into account its multifunctionality and the specifics of the territory.

ВЛИЯНИЕ СЕЛЕКЦИОННЫХ ФАКТОРОВ НА ПЛОДОВИТОСТЬ КОЗЕМАТОК И ЖИВУЮ МАССУ НОВОРОЖДЕННЫХ КОЗЛЯТ ЗААНЕНСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ

Reproduction of farm animals is one of the main indicators determining their biological and economic value. Highly efficient reproduction promotes the increase of livestock number and improvement of animal breeding technique. The reproductive qualities of goats depend on genetic factors and environmental conditions: age, fatness, live weight of queens, feeding level before mating and during pregnancy, daylight hours, etc. A goal has been set to study the fertility of goats and the live weight of newborn Saanen goats, bred in the goat farm of Krashen village, in the Shirak region. To analyze the goat fertility, 40 queens were taken into consideration depending on their lactation age, among which 47.5% were first-born, 5.0 % - second-born, 45.0 % were the third lambing and one doe was the fourth lambing. The studies were carried out on the queens of 2-4 years. In our opinion, it is this age, that is optimal for characterizing the queens in terms of fertility, since the first mating of goats is carried out at the age of 10 months, provided that the live weight of the young is 70-75 % of the mother's weight, but not less than 30-32 kg. Such a new approach to the technological solution makes it possible to obtain one lamb more from each queen during economic use than with conventional technology. The data obtained can be used in breeding farms for the production and sale of young animals, and the development of goat breeding in the republic.

Quantification of relative stock units for horses to permit correct application within pasture-based production systems

Context Overseer® is the primary software tool used to estimate farm-level nutrient cycle and management for regulatory purposes in New Zealand. The model compares feed demand among different livestock by using ‘revised stock units’ (RSUs, the annual energy requirement of a mature ewe to raise a single lamb to weaning; 6000 MJ metabolisable energy). The RSUs for several common equine stock classes are not yet available, while those currently available within the model are based on the linear scaling of feed demand to liveweight, which does not consider allometric scaling of metabolism to liveweight or the differences in digestive physiology and nutrient metabolism between ruminants and monogastric hindgut fermenters (horses). Aim To compare the current RSU values used in Overseer® for different equine stock classes, with the equineRSU values calculated using equine-specific models. Methods Weighted average estimates of the bodyweight for the different equine livestock classes were calculated from the published literature. These weighted average estimates of bodyweight were used to estimate the energy requirements on the basis of data published by National Research Council. The resulting dry-matter intake and N intake from the equineRSU values and the current RSU values in use within Overseer® were modelled using published data on diet composition, crude protein content and the digestibility of the different feeds offered. Results The current RSUs in Overseer were 2.5–6.8 units higher than the equineRSU values obtained from the equine-specific models. This overestimation in feed demand resulted in N-intake estimates at an animal level being 52–108% higher than values derived using the equine-specific estimates. Conclusion The use of RSUs based on linear scaling of feed demand from ruminants on the basis of liveweight overestimates feed demand and N intake in horses. If horses are to be included within nutrient management models, feed demand must be based on published equine data for energy requirements to avoid over-inflation of N excretion. The equineRSUs calculated in this study reduce the risk of over-inflation of N intake and excretion, and subsequently the N leaching estimations. Implication Failure to accurately model feed demand of horses within nutrient management software would unfairly compromise stocking density and horse management on large commercial breeding farms. The implication for these errors on economic impact and restricted livestock number is greatest for the Thoroughbred breeding industry due to the scale of the operations.

祁连山国家公园牧民对雪豹(Panthera Unica)保护的态度认知及其影响因素

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 祁连山国家公园牧民对雪豹(Panthera Unica)保护的态度认知及其影响因素 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202110192945 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（CAFYBB2019ZE003） Attitudes, perceptions and influencing factors of herders for the protection of snow leopard (Panthera unica) in Qilian Mountain National Park Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:祁连山地区是中国乃至全球雪豹（Panthera Unica）分布最集中、种群密度最高的地区之一，该地区的雪豹科学保护对于全球雪豹种群具有重要意义。了解祁连山国家公园牧民对雪豹保护的态度认知、探究影响牧民对雪豹保护态度的主要因素，对于保护国家公园生态系统的原真性、促进人与野生动物和谐共处具有重要意义。基于半结构式访谈对祁连山国家公园牧民进行了随机抽样调查，结果表明：（1）受访者认为狼（n=34，91.89%）和雪豹（n=16，43.24%）是最重要的两种致害野生动物；（2）所有受访者对雪豹保护均持积极态度；（3）受访者认为野生动物捕杀（n=14，50.00%）和草场退化（n=9，32.14%）是家畜面临的两大威胁因素；（4）"雪豹捕杀家畜"和"为家畜购买商业保险"是影响牧民对雪豹保护态度的关键因素（P<0.05）。为促进人与野生动物长期共存，需要各级政府以国家公园体制建设为契机，进一步加强科学研究，制定更加科学合理的野生动物保护与管理措施。 Abstract:Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is the national first-class key protected wildlife in China, and is listed as vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The Qilian Mountain is one of areas with the highest population density of snow leopard in China and even the world. Therefore, the scientific protection of the snow leopard in this area is of great significance to the conservation of global snow leopard population. Protective actions for snow leopard and other sympatric species have been more effectively implemented since systematic pilot work was carried out in Qilian Mountain National Park. However, most of the residents in the pilot area of the Qilian Mountain National Park still mainly rely on the traditional husbandry. The continuous increasing of livestock number and grazing activities threaten the survival and reproduction of snow leopards to a certain extent. Snow leopard preys on livestock and results in economic losses of herders, which in turn affects their enthusiasm for snow leopard protection. In the current literatures, local residents have expressed a positive attitude towards protecting the snow leopard, but their enthusiasm for the protection of wildlife could change with alterations of living habits, social culture, the ecological environment and other factors. In order to understand the attitudes of local herders in the Qilian Mountain National Park to snow leopard protection, and to explore the main factors influencing these attitudes, a semi-structured interview surveys and random sampling method were used to the herders of Qilian Mountain National Park. The results showed that:(1) the respondents believed that wolves (n=34, 91.89%) and snow leopards (n=16, 43.24%) were the two most important wild animals threatening livestock; (2) All respondents had a positive attitude towards snow leopard protection; (3) Depredation by wild animals (n=14, 50.00%) and grassland degradation (n=9, 32.14%) were the two major concerns expressed by herders surrounding their livestock; (4) "Snow leopard preys on livestock" and "owning livestock commercial insurance" were the key factors affecting the herders' attitudes towards protecting snow leopard (P<0.05). In addition, the enthusiasm of the respondents for snow leopard protection had no significant correlation with age, occupation or education levels. In order to fundamentally reduce the adverse effects of wild animals and promote the long-term coexistence of humans and wildlife, it is suggested that governments at all levels took the construction of the national park system in China as an opportunity to strengthen scientific research and formulate more reasonable measures for the protection and management of wildlife. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Effect of Male Mating Time on Landrace Pig Reproduction

Pig livestock is one of the livestock developed in Indonesia because it can adapt to environmental conditions, has good production and reproduction properties including fast growth so that the body matures and quickly, the number of liters of labor size is large, birth weight and weaning weight are high, meat production is high and can also meet human needs. To meet human needs for protein and the economy, it is necessary to increase the production and productivity of pig livestock by paying attention to reproductive aspects, and nutrition. This study aims to determine the influence of the time interval of male mating in nature which affects the conception rate, liter size, and mortality. This research was carried out in Catur Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency from April to August 2022. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method by mating males at time intervals and observing the results directly. The number of livestock used in this study was 6 landrace sows consisting of 1 sow mated with males at intervals of once a week, 2 heads mated at intervals twice a week, and 3 heads mated at intervals of three times a week. The variables observed in this study were conception rate, liter size, and mortality. The results showed that the interval of mating time influenced the conception rate value and the number of liters of size. The best interval from the results of this study is one mating in a week, namely a conception rate of 100%, the number of liters size 9 heads. And the time interval of mating has no effect on the mortality of the child at birth.

Status survey of the occurrence, disposal and recycling of livestock carcass in Korea

This study conducted a status survey on livestock carcasses' occurrence and disposal by livestock species in Korea for livestock farms, slaughterhouses, and private disposal facilities. The annual amount of livestock carcass in Korea is 158,000 tons, and the mortality rate by livestock species is 2.4% for beef cattle, 4.8% for dairy cattle, 19.9% for swine, 6.7% for broilers, 4.9% for layers, and 3.8% for ducks. Most of the livestock carcasses generated are buried or composted on the farm. As the number of dead livestock is expected to increase steadily, a management system for the occurrence of livestock carcasses and storage-disposal-recycle is urgent to establish.

Optimizing Farm Plan in Saline and Normal Areas of West Bengal - A Lexicographic Goal Programming Approach

Salinity has deleterious effects on both crops and livestock. An optimum farm plan is essential to adapt to this hazard. The present study made an effort to develop an optimum farm plan for the livestock-based farming systems in saline and normal areas of West Bengal. In the case of both saline and normal areas, farmers put the highest priority on maximizing gross margin, followed by achieving self-financial support and minimizing the income risk of the farm. Optimal solutions under a few farming systems were over-achieved in the second goal (achieving self-financial support). Since it is maximizing type of goal constraint, over-achievement is not a problem. However, the third goal (minimizing income risk of the farm) was also over-achieved in most of the farming systems. The optimal solution does not always satisfy all the goals, but it will provide a solution that satisfies the goal with the highest priority and comes as close as possible to satisfy the least prioritized goal i.e., minimizing the income risk of the farm. The result of the optimum farm plan shows that if a farmer wants to maximize his income, he has to bear some risks. Since the major share of total income is received from livestock, the optimum plan would suggest increasing the number of livestock in the systems and hence the farmers should divert available resources to this enterprise.

The Livestock Economy of Pakistan: An Agricultural Sector Model Approach

The Pakistan Agricultural Sector Model (PASM) developed by Davies et al. (1991) was modified to enhance the livestock sub-sector. Nutrient-based rations replaced feedstuff-based rations and dry matter minimum and maximum constraints (stomach capacity) were added. Several initial simulations were undertaken to examine the structure of the modified model and its impact across the crop and livestock sub-sectors. These simulations included relaxing exogenous livestock numbers and selected crop hectarage constraints, and requiring that green forage be fed in the season grown. Most importantly, the results demonstrated that fodder hectarage will grow with livestock numbers to insure that sufficient green forage is available seasonally. Two other analyses were performed to demonstrate the need to specify linkages between the crop and livestock sub-sectors. An analysis of transforming the livestock sub-sector from traditional to feedlot-based technology demonstrated that the reduced numbers of non-milking cattle needed for a given output of meat would provide the potential for increased production of various crops and other livestock products. Also, expanded cotton and Irri rice exports, hypothesised to occur through trade liberalisation from the Uruguay Round of the GATT, highlighted other inter-relationships between the crop and livestock sub-sectors. Greater production of both livestock and other crops might accompany the expansion of cotton production but less livestock feed would be available with expanded exports of Irri rice.

Determinants of Agropastoralist Households’ Fodder Accessibility and Rangeland Conservation in Magu District, Tanzania

The availability and accessibility of adequate and quality fodder is a huge challenge for pastoral and agropastoralist communities in Tanzania. Fodder scarcity, primarily driven by rangeland degradation, population growth, and climatic changes, limits livestock productivity and deepens rural poverty. This study assessed factors influencing agropastoralists’ access to fodder and their willingness to conserve fodder sources in Magu District, Tanzania. A total of 210 agropastoralist households were surveyed in three wards covering six villages. The results show that access to fodder during the wet season is positively influenced by a household's income, land size, number of livestock, and physical capital. Dry season fodder accessibility is negatively influenced by households’ land size, physical capital, and the number of livestock. Results also show that more than 60% of the agropastoral households accessed fodder sources formally (legally) in open areas, while 35% accessed fodder informally (illegally) in traditionally reserved highland areas, people's farms, and restricted urban areas. Conservation of rangelands and fodder sources is positively influenced by a head of households’ level of education and income, and only 40% of households participated in conservation of rangelands and fodder sources. Improved land tenure, education, and income diversification can improve households’ access to fodder and their willingness to conserve fodder sources.

Spatialization method of monitoring grazing intensity: A case‐study of the Tibet Selinco basin, Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau

AbstractThe problem of grassland degradation induced by livestock production at the expense of local grasses has become a serious ecological problem worldwide. To maintain livestock production and sustainable grassland development, the extent and intensity of grassland utilization needs to be better understood. In this study, a model was developed to monitor the intensity of grazing in a typical grazing area (Tibet Selinco basin) of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. Combining the number of livestock at the township scale with their matching livestock habitat area and location, the biomass consumed by livestock was assigned to a productivity supply map (NPP) using a mathematical iterative algorithm from the perspective of different foraging habits of different livestock. The objective was to accurately measure the overall grazing pressure on the pasture as well as to estimate livestock pasture utilization. The model confirmed distinct spatial differences in the intensity of grassland utilization in the Tibet Selinco basin, in which the overall intensity was significantly low except in the southwestern region. The overall grazing area was found to be 150,000 km2, of which moderate grazing area occupied 130,000 km2 and overgrazing area occupied 20,000 km2, accounting for 87% and 13% of the total grazing area, respectively. The proposed model can quantify human activities spatially and provide a reliable and accurate scientific basis for livestock production development and ecological environment management.

The Monetary Losses Associated with Hydatidosis in Slaughtered Ruminants in Turkey.

Hydatidosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease that negatively affects human and animal health and causes economic losses due to slaughter condemnation and risk to public health in developing countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Hydatidosis among slaughtered livestock in different regions of Turkey and calculate the financial losses associated with the zoonosis. For this purpose, livestock slaughter records from the livestock information system in 2020 were considered and direct and indirect economic losses were estimated. The study determined the prevalence of hydatidosis in small ruminants (0.03%) and cattle (0.0124%) and an average of 0.007% of the total number of livestock slaughtered during the period under study were infected with hydatid cysts. The direct and indirect economic losses were estimated at $98.558 and $466.891, respectively. The total monetary loss due to Hydatidosis in Turkey in the year 2020 was estimated at $565.448. In conclusion, significant monetary losses due to Hydatidosis in slaughtered livestock is still an important economic issue to livestock traders in Turkey.

Meat production in Abay district of Abay region of Kazakhstan in the context of intensification of technological processes in agro-industrial complex

The goal – is to analyze modern development of meat industry in Abay district of Abay region, identify advantages and disadvantages, as well as develop a set of measures for the effective functioning of meat and meat products market. Methods – balance, monographic, statistical and economic, settlement and constructive. Results – main indicators of development of livestock sector and meat industry of the region are considered, in particular, the share of crop and livestock production in the gross output of agricultural products (services) is shown; the number of livestock and poultry in all categories of farms, including cattle, sheep and goats, horses; production in slaughter weight; dynamics of the volume of processing of meat products. A comprehensive study made it possible to identify the problems of meat sub-complex associated with technical and technological backwardness of agricultural enterprises, the presence of inefficient and inactive economic entities, low competitiveness of meat products in foreign market, and the lack of financial resources. Conclusions – to obtain a wide range of meat products in the Abay district and in the whole region, it is necessary to take effective measures by creating a strong raw mat erial base for meat processing enterprises, developing market infrastructure, intensifying the pr ocesses of using processing enterprises of their own production capacities, while enterprises that provide a high degree of depth of processing of livestock and slaughter products will prevail at the lowest cost. An important role is played by improvement of state and ma rket regulation. For these purposes, it is necessary to develop a mechanism for increasing meat procurement. The main directions for the development of relations between agricultural producers and processing enterprises are an effective system of pricing, contractual relations, expanding the network of market infrastructure that provides technical, technological and organizational management of continuous supply to the consumer.