Live Streaming Media Research Articles

Ethio-Eritrean Relation: From Jubilant Liaison to Paroxysm Hostility Since 2018

For the past two decades, the border conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea has posed political, economic and social security threats in the Horn of Africa. The seemingly unexpected resurgence of jovial contact between Eritrea and Ethiopia grabbed national, regional and international attention. It was Abiy who jumpstarted the peace process in June 2018. Unfortunately, their relationship gradually deteriorated from a cheerful amorousness to a vicious enmity. Thus, Ethiopia and Eritrea have both shown the ability and readiness to utilise proxy armies against one another. However, the literature on Ethiopia–Eritrea relations now avoids the topic of how peace and security might be restored. Therefore, the primary goal of this article has been to discuss and analyse the development of the Ethio-Eritrean relationship since 2018, from jubilant liaison to paroxysm hostility. To record and analyse this exciting issue, the article would be limited to primary sources such as letters, reports, journals, interviews, live streaming media and published secondary texts that this writer has access to.

Electronic Word Of Mouth Saat Penjualan Live Streaming Shopee Dalam Meningkatkan Impulse Buying

Technological developments have developed so rapidly and have influenced changes in people's lifestyles towards digital. e-commerce is the electronic trading of goods or services via the Internet and social media. The e-commerce that had the most visitors during the first quarter of 157.97 million was Shopee. Shopee not only provides infrastructure for sellers and buyers to transact but also presents various innovative features to improve the online experience. One feature that is increasingly popular on Shopee is live streaming media, where sellers can broadcast live to promote their products to potential buyers. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth on Impulse Buying, to determine the influence of Live Streaming Sales on Impulse Buying, to determine the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth and Live Streaming Sales together on Impulse Buying. This research uses quantitative methods with a descriptive research approach. With respondents from University Pakuan students. The selection of respondents was carried out using a purposive sampling method with a total of 100 respondents based on the Slovin formula calculation. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and the analysis method used was descriptive analysis, with multiple linear regression testing with the SPSS program. The research results show that Electronic Word of Mouth has a significant effect on Impulse Buying, live streaming has no significant effect on Impulse Buying, and Electronic Word of Mouth and Live Steaming has a significant effect on impulse buying simultaneously.

Live Streaming Commerce: Malaysian Consumers’ Purchase Intention on Live Streaming Media

The way people buy things and advertise them has changed because of new and improved technology. Most Malaysians now use online shopping to buy things from websites like Shopee or Lazada. E-commerce has changed over time and now includes social media e-commerce and live streaming commerce. Live commerce is a new way to promote products and services by connecting customers, brands, items and streamers in real-time. In China, many people like to watch live shows where a person sells things online. This is called live commerce and is done by skilled broadcasters on special websites. During the Covid-19 outbreak, Shopee and Facebook started to use live videos to sell products to customers. This research aims to help businesses and streamers in Malaysia learn how to attract more buyers and achieve their goals in live-streaming commerce. This idea has figured out how five factors affect Malaysian people's decision to buy live streaming and understand how excited they are to purchase it. These factors were parts gathered from previous studies, including product uncertainty, streamer trustworthiness, information completeness, social interaction, and perceived enjoyment. The research was done online and had 152 young people aged between 18 and 40 answering questions. Descriptive, normality, validity, correlation and regression analyses were performed using SPSS. The findings show streamer trustworthiness, information completeness, social interaction, and perceived enjoyment have a positive impact on Malaysian consumers’ purchase intention for live commerce.

Investigating into the discrepancy between motivation and live-streaming media usage through the analysis of user engagement

Investigating into the discrepancy between motivation and live-streaming media usage through the analysis of user engagement

The Effect of Livestreaming Esports Media on Viewer Satisfaction, Flow Experience, and Media Loyalty

Electronic sports (esports) have become one of the fastest-growing forms of new media. As a result, esports livestreaming media is a necessary medium for connecting viewers and esports livestreams. Drawing on the media richness theory, the purpose of the current study was to explore how livestreaming media attributes and viewers’ individual characteristics (esports involvement) influence the viewer’s experience (satisfaction and flow experience) and media loyalty. The results of a latent moderated structural equations (LMS) modeling analysis using a total of 568 viewers revealed that informativeness and convenience significantly influenced viewer satisfaction and flow experience, which in turn influenced media loyalty. Interestingly, interactivity was found to be a more important attribute for viewer satisfaction and flow experience among highly involved viewers while informativeness was an important attribute for less involved viewers. Furthermore, viewer satisfaction is pivotal in establishing media loyalty for less involved viewers, while flow experience is key for highly involved viewers. The findings of this research have theoretical implications for the literature on esports media and media consumption experiences and offer managers effective strategies for developing esports media loyalty.

The innovation path of agricultural products e-commerce marketing mode under the background of “live broadcast + short video”

Abstract In order to evaluate the dependability and validity of the scale, this paper first examines the features of farming direct seeding. It then builds a scale that includes charm, expertise, interactivity, spatial presence, perceived value, platform notoriety, and buy intention. The project’s internal coherence and logic are confirmed by extracting the common factors using the principal component analysis method, followed by factor rotation using the maximum variance method. In order to confirm the relationship between anchor characteristics, spatial presence, perceived value, platform reputation, and purchase intention, we conduct an empirical study on the impact of live-streaming media characteristics on consumers’ purchase intentions. We also conduct correlation analysis, regression analysis, adjustment effect test, and hypothesis test. Interactivity has a considerable positive impact on perceived value, as evidenced by the magnitude of the standardized regression coefficient of 0.138 and Sig=0.019005. Professionalism has a strong positive impact on perceived value, as shown by the standardized regression coefficient of professionalism on perceived value, which is 0.292, Sig=0.0000.05. Living agricultural products must combine their own qualities and concentrate on the marketing and selling their wares.

Investigating the discrepancy between motivation and live-streaming media usage through the analysis of user engagement

Investigating the discrepancy between motivation and live-streaming media usage through the analysis of user engagement

Research on efficient feature extraction: Improving YOLOv5 backbone for facial expression detection in live streaming scenes.

Facial expressions, whether simple or complex, convey pheromones that can affect others. Plentiful sensory input delivered by marketing anchors' facial expressions to audiences can stimulate consumers' identification and influence decision-making, especially in live streaming media marketing. This paper proposes an efficient feature extraction network based on the YOLOv5 model for detecting anchors' facial expressions. First, a two-step cascade classifier and recycler is established to filter invalid video frames to generate a facial expression dataset of anchors. Second, GhostNet and coordinate attention are fused in YOLOv5 to eliminate latency and improve accuracy. YOLOv5 modified with the proposed efficient feature extraction structure outperforms the original YOLOv5 on our self-built dataset in both speed and accuracy.

Vertically versus horizontally differentiated information disclosure in travel live streams – the role of sensory imagery

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the differential effects of vertical attributes and horizontal attributes on visit intention under proximal and distal sensory imagery in travel live streams.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a multimethod approach with four studies. Three designed experiments were first employed to prove casual relations of the hypothesized relations. Then, a structural model provided a new sample of the framework.FindingsThe results suggest that visit intention is higher when vertical (vs horizontal) attributes are associated with proximal (vs distal) sensory imagery. Physical presence mediates the interaction effects between attribute type and sensory imagery on visit intention.Practical implicationsThe finding offers suggestions for multilateral information providers' capability of real-time advertising, seller-focused technology development and proactive relationship management with potential consumers.Originality/valuePrevious study is less sufficient to describe consumers' traveling interactivities in live-streaming media, where streamers are capable of modifying attribute-based messages and sensory modalities. Rather than focusing on imagery as a comprehensive modality or visual-dominated imagery, this study examines the interaction effects between attribute type and sensory imagery on visit intention. Drawing on reason-based choice and distance-on-distance theories, the finding enriches the evaluation of the effectiveness of live-streaming marketing across varying sensory interactions.

Assessing Awareness and Competence of Best Practices in Synchronous Online Instruction During the COVID-19 Pandemic for Clemson Cooperative Extension Professionals

Traditional delivery of Extension programming changed overnight in March 2020, when the COVID-19 outbreak forced switching traditional methods to virtual delivery. Extension professionals across South Carolina quickly adapted to online delivery. Concerns over instructor preparedness to use online tools, including functions to assure accessibility, did arise. Findings from this non-experimental, descriptive research study suggested Extension professionals used online tools (primarily Zoom). The majority were not comfortable using many of the features that would enhance instruction, including polling, file transfer, and live-streaming media platforms. Additionally, Microsoft Word and PowerPoint skills to assure accessibility for clientele were lacking.

MLLP-VRAIN Spanish ASR Systems for the Albayzín-RTVE 2020 Speech-to-Text Challenge: Extension

This paper describes the automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems built by the MLLP-VRAIN research group of Universitat Politècnica de València for the Albayzín-RTVE 2020 Speech-to-Text Challenge, and includes an extension of the work consisting of building and evaluating equivalent systems under the closed data conditions from the 2018 challenge. The primary system (p-streaming_1500ms_nlt) was a hybrid ASR system using streaming one-pass decoding with a context window of 1.5 seconds. This system achieved 16.0% WER on the test-2020 set. We also submitted three contrastive systems. From these, we highlight the system c2-streaming_600ms_t which, following a similar configuration as the primary system with a smaller context window of 0.6 s, scored 16.9% WER points on the same test set, with a measured empirical latency of 0.81 ± 0.09 s (mean ± stdev). That is, we obtained state-of-the-art latencies for high-quality automatic live captioning with a small WER degradation of 6% relative. As an extension, the equivalent closed-condition systems obtained 23.3% WER and 23.5% WER, respectively. When evaluated with an unconstrained language model, we obtained 19.9% WER and 20.4% WER; i.e., not far behind the top-performing systems with only 5% of the full acoustic data and with the extra ability of being streaming-capable. Indeed, all of these streaming systems could be put into production environments for automatic captioning of live media streams.

An AI-Based Curling Game System for Winter Olympics.

The real-time application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in sports is a long-standing challenge owing to large spatial sports field, complexity, and uncertainty of real-world environment, etc. Although some AI-based systems have been applied to sporting events such as tennis, basketball, and football, they are replayed after the game rather than applied in real time. Here, we present an AI-based curling game system, termed CurlingHunter, which can display actual trajectories, predicted trajectories, and house regions of curling during the games via a giant screen in curling stadiums and a live streaming media platform on the internet in real time, so as to assist the game, improve the interest of watching game, help athletes train, etc. We provide a complete description of CurlingHunter' architecture and a thorough evaluation of its performances and demonstrate that CurlingHunter possesses remarkable real-time performance (~9.005 ms), high accuracy (30 ± 3 cm under measurement distance > 20 m), and good stability. CurlingHunter is the first, to the best of our knowledge, real-time system that can assist athletes to compete during the games in the history of sports and has been successfully applied in Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympics. Our work highlights the potential of AI-based systems for real-time applications in sports.

Live Cloud Ingest Using Open Alternatives RIST & SRT

As cloud production becomes an integral part of broadcasters’ live workflows, the corresponding cloud infrastructure becomes an integral part of the media transport network. Cloud infrastructure providers, often public in nature, are accessible either through the public internet or through leased lines. Regardless of public or private, experience shows that these connections are not up to the quality standards required for low latency live streaming media, making quality-enhancing technologies, such as retransmission or Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ), an imperative part of the network infrastructure to deliver on the requirements for broadcast quality transmission. Two solutions have emerged as front runners on the quest for the next de facto standard for broadcast retransmission—Reliable Internet Stream Transport (RIST) and Secure Reliable Transport (SRT). This report compares these two alternatives from a theoretical and performance perspective and compares them with a commercial reference alternative .

“Gamer Citizens”: Emojis as Civic Duty in a Circuit of Visual Culture

This paper is a practical and theoretical look at the notion of “emojis as civic duty.” I frame the discussion in terms of an “emoji code” that goes beyond an evolution of natural languages to integrate more fundamentally into specific experiences, particular communities, and a networked regime of images. I introduce Stuart Hall’s “circuit of culture” as an alternative theoretical frame to prevailing linguistic research that investigates only the form and function of emojis. Hall endures because he helps us to recognize a politics of the image beyond form and function, signaling an interplay between consumption and production through live-streaming media. I make theoretical connections to others who have thought about media as essentially political communication. Finally, I offer a preliminary analysis of “emojis as civic duty” in the case of an esports champion. I conclude by suggesting where future study is necessary for a more robust notion of a “Gamer Citizen” to take shape.

A Brief Genealogy of Hanmai

Hanmai 喊麥, literally “shouting [at] a microphone,” first came to public attention and scrutiny as a distinct sound gaining both popularity and notoriety in 2015, when livestreaming platforms such as YY (which launched as a voice chat client in 2008) were growing exponentially. Contemporary hanmai is therefore predominantly associated with livestreaming media.2 However, its origin can be traced much further back. The sound culture can be linked to the broader context of market reform and the emergence of disco music in the 1990s, as well as to the evolution of Northeastern (Dongbei 東北) folk culture during the same period. Dongbei spoken word art has fundamentally shaped the lyrical structure and presentation of hanmai , while its lyrical content has shifted over time from a dance culture filled with hedonist desires in the late 1990s and early 2000s to a contemporary livestreaming culture of venting frustration due to unfulfilled desires. Moreover, socio-technologically speaking, hanmai culture started in the form of commercial sales of pirate mixtape CDs, then migrated to QQzone (Tencent’s version of personal webspace similar to Myspace) throughout the 2000s, re-invented itself via Internet subculture on early video portals such as Acfun as well as popular web fiction, and finally (re)emerged on YY as the contemporary reiteration of hanmai . This paper aims to map a genealogy of hanmai, including the divergences, parallels, and reiterations of this specific style of sound in Chinese societ from the 1990s onwards.

Implementation and Evaluation of Chat-oriented Dialogue System for an Android Robot in Live Streaming Media in Which Users Can Speak at Any Time

Implementation and Evaluation of Chat-oriented Dialogue System for an Android Robot in Live Streaming Media in Which Users Can Speak at Any Time

QoS-awareness peer coordination control for topology-converging P2P live streaming

For Peer to Peer (P2P) live streaming media, the peer coordination control mechanism becomes complex under dynamic traffic fluctuation, different node distance and capacity as well as user dynamics...

Migration Towards Cloud-Assisted Live Media Streaming

Live media streaming has become one of the most popular applications over the Internet. We have witnessed the successful deployment of commercial systems with content delivery network (CDN)- or peer-to-peer-based engines. While each being effective in certain aspects, having an all-round scalable, reliable, responsive, and cost-effective solution remains an illusive goal. Moreover, today's live streaming services have become highly globalized, with subscribers from all over the world. Such a globalization makes user behaviors and demands even more diverse and dynamic, further challenging state-of-the-art system designs. The emergence of cloud computing, however, sheds new light into this dilemma. Leveraging the elastic resource provisioning from the cloud, we present Cloud-Assisted Live Media Streaming (CALMS), a generic framework that facilitates a migration to the cloud. CALMS adaptively leases and adjusts cloud server resources in a fine granularity to accommodate temporal and spatial dynamics of demands from live streaming users. We present optimal solutions to deal with cloud servers with diverse capacities and lease prices, as well as the potential latencies in initiating and terminating leases in real-world cloud platforms. Our solution well accommodates location heterogeneity, mitigating the impact from user globalization. It also enables seamless migration for existing streaming systems, e.g., peer-to-peer, and fully explores their potentials. Simulations with data traces from both cloud service providers (Amazon EC2 and SpotCloud) and a live streaming service provider (PPTV) demonstrate that CALMS effectively mitigates the overall system deployment costs and yet provides users with satisfactory streaming latency and rate.

Research of Distributed P2P Network Streaming Media Technology

With the popularity of the Internet, personal computer performance and network bandwidth continues to increase and the rapidly improving network streaming media applications have become more abundant. Due to the high bandwidth for streaming media have characteristics, traditional methods of C/S can easily cause server performance bottlenecks, introduce the idea of P2P live streaming media service, through normal computer exercise part of the server's functionality, decentralization of services, can effectively reduce the load on the server, as well as local high network bandwidth consumption. Therefore, P2P live streaming media distribution technology is potentially broad application prospects.

TRLMS: Two-Stage Resource Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Based Live Media Streaming System

TRLMS: Two-Stage Resource Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Based Live Media Streaming System