Life Interview Research Articles

Exploration of oral hygiene practices, oral health status, and related quality of life of individuals residing in the Rorya district of Tanzania, East Africa.

Oral health substantially impacts individuals' quality of life, making it an important target for global health interventions. This research describes oral health status, practices, and beliefs within the Rorya district of Tanzania to understand barriers to care. To quantify physical oral health status, intraoral examinations were conducted on adults, noting the Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Comprehensive Periodontal Inflammatory Burden Index (CPBI). Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand oral hygiene behaviors and beliefs. Data was analyzed via two-sample t-tests, Pearson's statistics, and NVIVO. A purposive sample (n = 139) of participants self-reported to reside in either Burere (n = 32), Nyambogo (n = 52), or Roche (n = 55) were assessed. A two-sample t-test revealed females (n = 67; x¯ = 7.1; SD = 5.4; p < 0.05) have a significantly higher DMFT score than males (n = 72; x¯ = 3.7; SD = 3.9). Moreover, the OHRQoL score of females (n = 67; x¯ = 12.10; SD = 14; p < 0.05) were significantly higher than males (n = 72; x¯ = 10.16; SD = 3). In contrast, males have significantly higher CPBI scores (x¯ = 3.8; SD = 1.5; p=<0.05) than females (x¯ = 3.0; SD = 1.3). Additionally, older age groups presented higher GI and PISA scores, while the younger group (20-30 years) displayed the highest mean DMFT score. The themes that emerged from semi-structured interviews were "pearls of laughter guarded by wisdom teeth," "whispered tales of oral tides and communal echoes," and "tales of the tooth fairy." In this community, proper oral health maintenance techniques are vital yet frequently disregarded, mainly due to disparities in access to resources, reflected in oral health scores. Addressing this is a crucial intervention, presenting an opportunity to uplift overall well-being. Moreover, gender and age disparities in oral health highlight the urgent need for tailored interventions.

Power imbalance in hospital dual management system and its impact on turnover.

With the deepening of the healthcare reform in China, the competition in the sector is becoming fiercer leading to several unintended consequences such as talent turnover, which highly affect hospital development. Taking the case of a specialized university-affiliated stomatology hospital in Guangzhou, this thesis aims to analyze the main factors that contribute to talent turnover in this type of hospitals. The loss of talents in the field of stomatology is not unique to China and represents a significant problem in both developed and developing countries. The data for the study were collected from post facto live interviews conducted with 21 resigners to understand their feelings and motivations after the passage of time. The data were coded and concepts refined using MAXQDA software to form 18 sub-categories and six aggregate dimensions leading to the construction of two theoretical models. The balance of power embedded in the dual leadership system characteristic of Chinese organizations and corresponding leadership style and behavior, deeply affect the turnover of talents. The more unbalanced the power, the greater the impact on turnover. Based on the situation studied, a power imbalance allowed for individual behaviors that determined the development of the hospital and directly affected institutional fairness, culture, working atmosphere and ultimately led to turnover.

On Academic Filmmaking as a “Messy” Methodology

How would you make a documentary, stranded in your house, in the middle of a global pandemic? What happens to your project, and what happens to the filmmaker-researcher? On the eve of the global Covid-19 pandemic, I returned from Melbourne to Istanbul to begin filming the documentary which is the practical side of my Ph.D. project on the filmmaking methodologies of contemporary female filmmakers from Turkey. When the outbreak of the pandemic locked the world inside their houses, I turned my house into a studio and started using things I found in the house as my equipment, such as the projector, phones, and books as tripods. My friend turned into a cinematographer, and we learned how to use a 4K video recorder from YouTube tutorials. We filmed the live interviews with the female filmmakers that took place over Skype. The film ended up reflecting the experience of making a film under the pandemic conditions. In this article, I will attempt to think through my filmmaking process and understand “mess” as an experimental approach that works even in an academic context.

Adjuvant Psychotherapies to Prevent Relapse in Bipolar Disorder

Several psychotherapy protocols have been evaluated as adjuncts to pharmacotherapy for patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Little is known about their comparative effectiveness. To compare the effectiveness of 2 types of group psychotherapy, skill-oriented, material-based cognitive behavioral therapy (SEKT) and supportive, patient-centered, emotion-focused therapy (FEST), to prevent relapse in patients with euthymic BD. This was a large, observer-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted over 18 months (posttreatment after 6 months; follow-up at 12 and 18 months). In addition to psychiatric care as usual (including mood-stabilizing medication), each participant at 9 clinical outpatient units in Germany received 24 hours of group psychotherapy over 4, full-day sessions spread over 5 months. Patients with euthymic BD type 1 (BD 1) or BD type 2 (BD 2) between the ages of 18 and 50 years were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 forms of psychotherapy, SEKT or FEST. Independent clinicians blinded to patient grouping performed assessments using structured interviews (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders and Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation) and self-rating and clinician rating for inclusion criteria and outcome. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated for time to relapse. Cox proportional hazards statistics and propensity score matching were calculated for the multivariate analysis. Study data were analyzed from March 2020 to September 2022. SEKT intervention is a structured cognitive behavioral therapy integrating elements of interpersonal social rhythm therapy, and of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. FEST psychotherapy has its roots in emotion-focused, supportive, and nondirective therapy. Recurrence of a new affective episode assessed by blinded interviewer with the LIFE interview. In addition, self-rating and clinician rating of depressive and mania symptoms as well as level of social functioning were assessed. Of 348 screened referrals, 305 patients (median [IQR] age, 34 [18-50] years; 162 male [53%]) with euthymic BD 1 or BD 2 were included in the study. A total of 207 patients (68%) had BD 1, 98 (32%) had BD 2, and 278 (91%) received psychiatric care. Both therapies were equally effective in preventing recurrence of a new episode. Outcome (higher rate of new episodes) was not predicted by kind of treatment (SEKT: 69 [49%] relapse; FEST: 63 [46%] relapse) but was predicted by BD 2, comorbidity, attending all sessions, and the interaction of type of treatment by BD 1 or 2. Patients with BD 2 had the highest rate of relapse (60 [61%] relapse), in particular, when treated by SEKT (39 [70%] relapse). Results of this randomized clinical trial revealed that a structured, skill-oriented, material-based cognitive behavioral therapy (SEKT) and a supportive, patient-centered, emotion-focused therapy (FEST) were equally effective in preventing relapse of affective episodes when delivered in a new, intensive group format. Additionally, there were baseline factors, in particular BD 2, that influenced outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02506322.

Understanding Perspectives on Presbyopia and Use of Pilocarpine HCl 1.25% Twice Daily from Participants of the Phase 3 VIRGO Study.

The phase 3, randomized, vehicle-controlled, 14-day VIRGO study evaluated the efficacy and safety of twice-daily dosing of pilocarpine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution 1.25% (Pilo) in presbyopia. On VIRGO exit, a companion study was conducted to assess the patient experience with presbyopia and satisfaction with Pilo. Recruited individuals completed the Presbyopia Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PPSQ) plus a three-part exit survey, or a live interview. The PPSQ evaluated respondents' experience with Pilo. Survey parts 1 and 2 evaluated experience managing presbyopia before and during VIRGO, respectively; part 3 assessed future possibilities of using Pilo in real-world situations. The interview further informed the interviewees' experience with presbyopia and Pilo. The primary endpoint was responders (%) in each rating category of the PPSQ items 1-7; the secondary endpoints were summary of categorical (survey) and qualitative (interviews) responses. The PPSQ and survey included 62 participants who received Pilo (N = 28) or vehicle (N = 34) in VIRGO; the interview included ten participants (Pilo, N = 4; vehicle, N = 6). Per the PPSQ, 64.3% of Pilo users reported vision improvement, including 17.9% with complete improvement; ≥ 46.4% were satisfied/very satisfied with their ability to perform daily activities, see up close unaided, and read in dim light. Among vehicle users, these percentages were 35.3%, 0%, and ≤ 23.5%, respectively. In both subgroups, ≥ 67.9% were interested in using Pilo or Pilo and eyeglasses/contact lenses in the future. Per the interview, vehicle users (n = 6/6) found the eyedrop easy to use but none experienced meaningful near-vision improvements, stopped using other correction method(s) part of the day, were satisfied with the eyedrop, preferred it over their previous correction method(s), or would continue using it if prescribed. Conversely, 75% (n = 3/4) of Pilo users responded positively to each of these six criteria. Findings validate the VIRGO results and improve our understanding of the patient experience, demonstrating improved vision and satisfaction with Pilo (vs. vehicle) when performing daily activities.

Combining mHealth Technology and Pharmacotherapy to Improve Mental Health Outcomes and Reduce Human Rights Abuses in West Africa: Intervention Field Trial.

In West Africa, healers greatly outnumber trained mental health professionals. People with serious mental illness (SMI) are often seen by healers in "prayer camps" where they may also experience human rights abuses. We developed "M&M," an 8-week-long dual-pronged intervention involving (1) a smartphone-delivered toolkit designed to expose healers to brief psychosocial interventions and encourage them to preserve human rights (M-Healer app), and (2) a visiting nurse who provides medications to their patients (Mobile Nurse). We examined the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and preliminary effectiveness of the M&M intervention in real-world prayer camp settings. We conducted a single-arm field trial of M&M with people with SMI and healers at a prayer camp in Ghana. Healers were provided smartphones with M-Healer installed and were trained by practice facilitators to use the digital toolkit. In parallel, a study nurse visited their prayer camp to administer medications to their patients. Clinical assessors administered study measures to participants with SMI at pretreatment (baseline), midtreatment (4 weeks) and post treatment (8 weeks). Seventeen participants were enrolled and most (n=15, 88.3%) were retained. Participants had an average age of 44.3 (SD 13.9) years and 59% (n=10) of them were male. Fourteen (82%) participants had a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 2 (18%) were diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Four healers were trained to use M-Healer. On average, they self-initiated app use 31.9 (SD 28.9) times per week. Healers watched an average of 19.1 (SD 21.2) videos, responded to 1.5 (SD 2.4) prompts, and used the app for 5.3 (SD 2.7) days weekly. Pre-post analyses revealed a significant and clinically meaningful reduction in psychiatric symptom severity (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale score range 52.3 to 30.9; Brief Symptom Inventory score range 76.4 to 27.9), psychological distress (Talbieh Brief Distress Inventory score range 37.7 to 16.9), shame (Other as Shamer Scale score range 41.9 to 28.5), and stigma (Brief Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale score range 11.8 to 10.3). We recorded a significant reduction in days chained (1.6 to 0.5) and a promising trend for reduction in the days of forced fasting (2.6 to 0.0, P=.06). We did not identify significant pre-post changes in patient-reported working alliance with healers (Working Alliance Inventory), depressive symptom severity (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), quality of life (Lehman Quality of Life Interview for the Mentally Ill), beliefs about medication (Beliefs about Medications Questionnaire-General Harm subscale), or other human rights abuses. No major side effects, health and safety violations, or serious adverse events occurred over the course of the trial. The M&M intervention proved to be feasible, acceptable, safe, and clinically promising. Preliminary findings suggest that the M-Healer toolkit may have shifted healers' behaviors at the prayer camp so that they commit fewer human rights abuses.

Enacting Journalistic Authority: The Communicative Challenges and Competences of Live Two-Way Correspondents in Swedish Public Service Broadcasting

ABSTRACT Whenever a major event flares up in the world, we are bound to be met by correspondents reporting live on the news. The correspondents are typically promoted as authoritative voices. Their live talk is delivered in “the live two-way,” a broadcast interaction between the presenter and the correspondent on location. Focusing on live reporting during the Ukraine–Russia war (2022–), this study analyses the communicative work that goes on in the live two-way, and how correspondents handle the tasks related to the enactments of epistemic authority. A conceptual framework is applied defining the communicative and epistemic dimension of the live two-way. This study applies a discourse approach and focuses on experienced correspondents in Swedish public service. Data consists of 30 live two-ways and interviews with 5 of the journalists about planning and execution of the live reporting. Results show how practices and roles separated in other genres of news are integrated in the complex work of the correspondent who is expected to fluently report from location, convey a sense of being there, present facts, and analyse and explain. This study indicates different styles of reporting when correspondents alternate between a careful and confident stance as they balance their commitments to truth.

Top-down versus bottom-up pedagogy: Applications in the East Asian ESP classroom

This study explores the ways in which English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teachers in three East Asian countries, Vietnam, Japan, and Thailand, understand and utilize top-down and bottom-up (hereafter abbreviated to TD and BU respectively) teaching pedagogies in their classrooms. A judicious combination of either approach in both classroom pedagogy has long been advocated by both theorists and veteran practitioners. However, the authors, when working as teacher trainers, had observed that many ESP teachers reverted almost wholly to bottom-up approaches in their classroom practices. The present study seeks to understand whether or not this perception is accurate and what justifications and/or explanations might be put forward in favour of adopting either approach in ESP milieus. With the participation of 14 ESP teachers in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam, the study was conducted using a semi-structured written questionnaire which was followed by an open-ended live interview. Emerging and significant themes were then identified and codified by the authors, utilizing a reflective ethnographic approach. Among the most significant findings were 1) that teachers often failed to apply aspects of their training as language teachers into their own classrooms and 2) that the judicious application of either approach was more often performed unconsciously than as a result of any conscious methodological application.

Narrative Means to Recovery Ends. Novel Psychoactive Substance Users in Early Recovery

The relationship between trauma and subsequent substance use has been extensively studied. Substance dependence and its consequences are a source of further traumatization. This explorative qualitative study is an analysis of the recovery narratives of persons with polydrug dependence, using mainly novel psychoactive substances (NPSs). NPS use, with its unpredictability and major health risks poses a challenge to treatment systems, but only few studies are available on NPS users’ recovery processes. In this longitudinal study, authors explore processes of identity reconstruction in the emotionally valent episodes of 10 respondents’ life interviews. The interviews had been conducted with 77 patients at the beginning of their residential treatment and were repeated a year later with those in recovery and available for the study, altogether 10 persons. Narrative Oriented Inquiry was used as a framework, focusing on the key themes and changes in the narrative mode. Our results support the findings on previous and subsequent NPS use-related traumatization. In this perspective, NPS use corresponds to revictimization. Contrary to available but sporadic evidence suggesting a marked difference between the recovery processes of users of classical substances and NPS users, the respondents in this study could utilize the traditional cultural stock of recovery stories during their treatment. Changes involved more reflective and responsible attitudes and the broadening of a healing social network. Contents describing care/self-care and the emergence of hopeful attitudes were also identified. Further research, involving larger samples and cross-cultural comparisons, could deepen our understandings of NPS users’ recovery processes.

Bystanders' thresholds for intervention in Black vs. White women's sexual harassment.

Black women's sexual harassment is often overlooked and dismissed relative to White women's harassment. In three pre-registered experiments, we test whether this neglect extends to bystander intervention in sexual harassment. Participants observed an ostensibly live job interview between a man manager and a Black or White woman job candidate. The manager's questions were pre-programmed to grow increasingly harassing, and participants were asked to intervene if/when they found the interview inappropriate. A meta-analysis of the three studies (N = 1487), revealed that bystanders did not differ in their threshold for intervention when sexual harassment targeted the Black vs. White woman. Despite evidence for the relative neglect of Black women in responses to sexual harassment, these data suggest that bystanders may respond similarly for Black and White women.

ATHEISM IN BRITISH RELIGIOUS DEBATES: A CRITICAL SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY

Atheism is a controversial concept that has been studied in the field of theology and anthropology. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge atheism has not been studied from a critical sociolinguistic view. This paper will tackle the concept critically. The data of the study consists of a British public religious debate that is A live interview with Annie Laurie during the Christmas holiday. Annie Lauri wants to reveal the ideology that there is no god and there is no need to celebrate the birthday of Jesus by posting an advertisement in Las Vegas as part of a campaign called “war on Christians”. The research tries to answer the following questions: (1) Which kind of atheism that is critically manipulated in the American and British religious public debates? (2) What are the dialectic and persuading strategies used by atheists to reinforce their ideologies? (3) What are the socio-cognitive techniques that are manipulated by the speakers to reveal the ideology of atheism? (4) What are the social variables that contribute to revealing atheism in the selected speeches? The main approach of the study is Fairclough’s approach, the study will focus on the meso and macro levels of the approach. After analyzing the excerpts from the interview, the researchers reach to the following: Annie Laurie adopt the explicit stance of atheism to reveal her ideology

Utilizing Asynchronous Email Interviewing for Qualitative Research Among Multiple Participant Groups: Perspectives on Met and Unmet Needs From Chaplain Staffing

Asynchronous email interviewing has been increasingly utilized as an electronic method of data collection in qualitative research, because it eliminates the need for costly travel and transcription and allows more time for participants to react with thoughtful, reflective responses. While research indicates that data collected in written form is comparable in content and richness with that collected in-person, via telephone, or through virtual live interactions, there is the risk of participant attrition, loss of trust-building with subjects and missing non-verbal/visual cues for the researcher. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate use of asynchronous email interviewing as applied to a study on expectations and demands of chaplains in hospital settings. Unique in this approach is the inclusion of multiple participant groups over a large geographical area. Data were collected among chaplains, chaplain leaders, nurses, hospital executives, and patients and family members across a multi-state healthcare system. Although enrollment was adequate, 37% of those enrolled did not respond to initial interview emails, and of those who did respond, only 42% responded to follow-up questions. For several participants who did not respond to requests for email interviews, subsequent invitations to participate in live virtual interviews were preferred. Analysis reflected significant differences between groups in the quantity, quality, and richness of data, which may reflect communication patterns and preferences, time restrictions, and subject matter engagement. Based on study findings, it is suggested that similar studies offer options of interview modalities to participants to best meet their preferences and schedules.

Integrating refugees and migrants into higher education in Portugal? An action research experience in a Portuguese university

This article results from research comprised of fieldwork ethnography, participant observation, collection of life stories, interviews and testimonials of refugees, asylum seekers and migrants, living in Portugal. We focus on a particular experience of the research named Living in a Different Culture (LDC), which took place between 2017 and 2019, aimed at participants who shared the goal of becoming university students, before migration. LDC supported students who wanted to continue their academic training and those wanting to find alternative pathways of inclusion and autonomy, using new academic skills and knowledge. The project included a tailored course in Portuguese society and culture, created with an anthropological lens, Portuguese language classes and other disciplines. Several of the students who attended the course, in both academic years, continued their studies, or found work within their area of expertise. Obstacles highlighted in the paper perpetuated cycles of precarious living and structural violence. We argue that by devaluing migrants and refugees’ knowledges and skills, host society loses important resources to its own development. We conclude by stating that projects such as LDC require a long-term commitment with interinstitutional support, a sustainability strategy, and a decolonial mindset.

Quality of Life in Individuals With Disabilities Through a Student-Led Service-Learning Program: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis to Examine the Reciprocal Benefits of Service Learning

Purpose: The efficacy of service learning in physical activity (PA) intervention is generally not centered around perceptions of the service recipients, posing questions when the efficacy of an intervention is crucial, such as PA in people with disabilities. The present study examined perceptions of the recipients in a student-led service-learning program through a quality of life survey and interviews. Method: Undergraduate students led a 13-week PA intervention. Before and after the intervention, people with disabilities (N = 56) completed quality of life surveys (i.e., the National Institute of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System). A face-to-face interview was conducted with N = 6. Results: All quality of life items, except for Mental Health–Anxiety, improved (p &lt; .01). The interviews suggested that environmental factors (i.e., encouragement from students, the open space that allowed interactions) positively impacted the program. Discussion: The environment may be a key factor in the program’s success in PA intervention from the recipients’ perspective.

A reduction in cigarette smoking improves health-related quality of life and does not worsen psychiatric symptoms in individuals with serious mental illness

IntroductionIndividuals with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke cigarettes at a much higher rate than the general population, increasing their risk for medical illnesses and mortality. However, individuals with SMI do not get enough support to quit smoking, partially because of concerns from medical providers that reducing smoking may worsen their symptoms or quality of life. MethodsVeterans with SMI and nicotine dependence (n = 178) completed a 12-week smoking cessation trial (parent trial dates: 2010–2014) including assessments of smoking status, psychiatric symptoms (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), and quality of life (Lehman Quality of Life Interview–Short Version) at up to four time points: baseline, post-treatment, three-month follow-up, and 9-month follow-up. Bayesian multilevel modeling estimated the impact of changes in the self-reported number of cigarettes per day in the past seven days on psychiatric symptoms and quality of life. ResultsBetween subjects, each additional pack of cigarettes smoked per day was associated with a 0.83 point higher score (95%CI: 0.03 to 1.7) on a negative symptoms scale ranging from 0 to 35. Within subjects, each one-pack reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked per day was associated with an improvement of 0.32 (95%CI = 0.12 to 0.54) on the health-related quality of life scale, which ranges from 0 to 7 points. There were no other significant between- or within-subjects effects of smoking on psychiatric symptoms or quality of life. ConclusionsIndividuals with SMI and their providers should pursue smoking cessation without fear of worsening psychiatric symptoms or quality of life.

HOSPICE USE AND END-OF-LIFE EXPERIENCE BY RACE AND GEOGRAPHY: A LATENT CLASS ANALYSIS

Abstract Long existing inequalities near the end-of-life (EOL), including the death experience, have been uncovered because of increased attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospice may be an avenue to equalize EOL experiences. This study aimed to 1) understand the profiles of hospice use and EOL experience in a national representative sample of decedents and 2) uncover how race and/or geographic location predict class membership. We conducted a latent class analysis with covariates using Waves 9-11 (n=1050) from the last month of life interview in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Based on fit statistics, response probabilities, class separation, interpretability, and fit with theory, a four-class model was ultimately selected. The four latent classes were: well-rounded hospice care; no hospice, goal concordant care; no hospice, poor overall care; and complex hospice care. We found that geographic location was not a significant predictor of latent class membership but being non-White was significantly associated (p &amp;lt; .001) with 8.79 times higher odds of being in the no hospice, poor overall care group and 1.85 times higher odds of being in the no hospice, complex care group compared to the reference class (well-rounded hospice care). The current study’s findings paint a complex picture of hospice use and EOL experience in a nationally representative sample. Hospice use alone does not make a “good death” experience, particularly for people of color. Rather, there are unique profiles of hospice use and experiences at EOL. Future research should explore the impact of geographic location on the death experience.

Forgotten Bodies or Silenced Voices? Recasting Women’s Voices at the Bantu Square Massacre of East London, 1952

Narratives of political and community struggles often privilege the role of men, painting them as the faces of the struggle. Yet, women have been (and continue to be) active participants who have fought against systems of oppression through active mobilisation and resistance. This article focuses on events on 9 November 1952 at Bantu Square in Duncan Village, East London, when police broke up a meeting and shot and killed hundreds of people, while angry mobs killed two white people in retaliation. ‘Local historians’ point to the crucial role of women in mobilising support for the meeting that day. Women not only attended in their hundreds and died in untold numbers, but have left a lasting impression on the generations that have followed, inspiring activism and the retelling of what they call the Bantu Square massacre. The article draws on life histories, interviews, secondary material (including a film and memoir) and theories about the silencing of black women in the apartheid archive (Bridger and Hazan) and marginalised women generally (Crenshaw), and about the fragmented narratives that are produced when the silenced eventually speak (Markham).

How a Song can be Exhibited in a Music Museum

This paper will focus on the folksongs of people living in Napo, Nanning, and Funin in Guangxi Autonomous Region and Yunnan province. The study was initiated with the experience of working at the new Music Museum of the city of Nanning established within the campus of Guangxi Arts University. Since this is a Music Museum, arrangements were made to exhibit a sample repertoire of folksongs from this region in addition to all the interesting musical instruments. This was a very difficult task as it is a well observable fact that a song does not exist in a single version as it moves from one place to another, and changes all the time. This paper is about the experiences during this particular activity and how these difficulties had to be mastered. There might be others who face the same difficulties. As such, this paper may help find solution for the problems encountered by other music museums. Technically, this is the elaboration about a topic strongly connected to live interviews and personally collected statistics that were found through an intense personal presence in the mentioned area. The reference style had to be adapted to these circumstances. In order to make information traceable, many parts of the references carry translations in square brackets behind the transliteration. Also, Chinese names are left as a whole despite starting with the family name, the middle name and given names are tremendously important for identification. Name characters are presented in square brackets. Material can be obtained upon request made per email to the author.

ITutorGroup: A case study of covert native-speakerism underneath a social justice façade

&lt;p&gt;This article examines the covert native-speakerist strategies iTutorGroup utilizes to discriminate against teachers of nationalities the company appears to deem as undesired. Through content analysis of numerous job application submissions to iTutorGroup’s website, results show iTutorGroup’s automatic hiring process offers teachers of these nationalities a much lower potential wage and only a video-recorded asynchronous interview, if not complete refusal to an interview. In contrast, British, Australasian, and North American nationals are afforded a much higher potential wage as well as a one-on-one live interview. The company conceals these nuanced discriminatory strategies with a façade of equality since they are one of TESOL International Association’s Global Partners. As a Global Partner, iTutorGroup follows suit in pretending to uphold TESOL’s nondiscrimination policies.&lt;/p&gt;

A Live Video Dyadic Resiliency Intervention to Prevent Chronic Emotional Distress Early After Dementia Diagnoses: Protocol for a Dyadic Mixed Methods Study.

By 2030, approximately 75 million adults will be living with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs). ADRDs produce cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes for persons living with dementia that undermine independence and produce considerable stressors for persons living with dementia and their spousal care-partners-together called a "dyad." Clinically elevated emotional distress (ie, depression and anxiety symptoms) is common for both dyad members after ADRD diagnosis, which can become chronic and negatively impact relationship functioning, health, quality of life, and collaborative management of progressive symptoms. This study is part of a larger study that aims to develop, adapt, and establish the feasibility of Resilient Together for Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias (RT-ADRD), a novel dyadic skills-based intervention aimed at preventing chronic emotional distress. This study aims to gather comprehensive information to develop the first iteration of RT-ADRD and inform a subsequent open pilot. Here, we describe the proposed study design and procedures. All procedures will be conducted virtually (via phone and Zoom) to minimize participant burden and gather information regarding feasibility and best practices surrounding virtual procedures for older adults. We will recruit dyads (up to n=20) from Mount Sinai Hospital (MSH) clinics within 1 month of ADRD diagnosis. Dyads will be self-referred or referred by their treating neurologists and complete screening to assess emotional distress and capacity to consent to participate in the study. Consenting dyads will then participate in a 60-minute qualitative interview using an interview guide designed to assess common challenges, unmet needs, and support preferences and to gather feedback on the proposed RT-ADRD intervention content and design. Each dyad member will then have the opportunity to participate in an optional individual interview to gather additional feedback. Finally, each dyad member will complete a brief quantitative survey remotely (by phone, tablet, or computer) via a secure platform to assess feasibility of assessment and gather preliminary data to explore associations between proposed mechanisms of change and secondary outcomes. We will conduct preliminary explorations of feasibility markers, including recruitment, screening, live video interviews, quantitative data collection, and mixed methods analyses. This study has been approved by the MSH Institutional Review Board. We anticipate that the study will be completed by late 2023. We will use results from this study to develop the first live video telehealth dyadic resiliency intervention focused on the prevention of chronic emotional distress in couples shortly after ADRD diagnoses. Our study will allow us to gather comprehensive information from dyads on important factors to address in an early prevention-focused intervention and to explore feasibility of study procedures to inform future open pilot and pilot feasibility randomized control trial investigations of RT-ADRD. PRR1-10.2196/45532.