Livable Streets Research Articles

Desain Koridor Jalan Prof. Dr. Ing. B. J. Habibie. Iloheluma sebagai Kawasan Wisata dan Pusat Kuliner Bone Bolango

This report discusses effective and efficient road corridor design in improving the quality of the city and the quality of life of the people on Jalan Prof. Dr. Eng. B. J. Habibie. Iloheluma, District. Bone Bolango. The implementation of this service focuses on the analysis and design of road corridors that meet the needs of each individual and improve the quality of the city. This service uses a livable streets approach which can be taken into consideration in creating a road corridor design that is comfortable and safe for all user activities. The case study location is a culinary area that grows informally. Along the road corridor there are dozens of street vendors who take advantage of the location's beautiful natural views so that they can attract visitors to stop by and have a snack. Based on the results of observations in the field, road corridors were arranged by considering streetscape elements related to road corridor design, such as services and infrastructure, traffic calming, sidewalks, land use, building shape and mass, circulation and parking, open space, pedestrians, supporting activities, advertising boards and preservation.

Promoting Vernacularity in the City: Principles for Creating Livable Streets for People of Jordan

Promoting Vernacularity in the City: Principles for Creating Livable Streets for People of Jordan

Livable Streets - Impact of Pedestrianisation in Establishing Social Interactiveness on Commercial Streets of Delhi

Abstract: From ancient times, streets have been the designated urban spaces for people to celebrate different activities like festivals, political protests, selling- purchasing goods, etc. The streets are the public realm which should have people its first priority. The street design has shifted their centre from people and social spaces to vehicular congestion solutions. The augmentation of vehicular movementson streets have shattered the urban livable environment of a street and converted these public realm for a vehicular movement only. The research is around the commercial streets of Delhi. The Research will begin by understanding the unfavorable conditions for pedestrians on commercial streets and impact of pedestrianisation in improving such conditions. The motive is to hierarchically re-orient the street in order to create a sense of place that fosters social interaction. Various elements of a street including furniture, neighborhoods, etc will be studied and the influence of these elements on the overall urban life of a street to encourage livable walkable space for pedestrians will be drawn. Depending on case studies, surveys and observations, ways of making these streets interactive and livable for pedestrians will be studied. From aforementioned work, some modules and sections will be proposed on the basis of the context of Delhi. Ultimately, the paper will conclude the set of modules that encourages the pedestrian activities rather than vehicular movement.

THE INTERACTION OF THE FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF STREETS AND ROADS AND THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

The article considers issues aimed at improving conditions and traffic safety of street and road networks in cities and the possibility of using the functional classification of streets and roads. The development of cities is inextricably linked to the improvement of street and road networks. It is the street-road network that is the chain that connects it with the general ways of communication. The city cannot exist without public roads that provide a large amount of transportation, cargo and passengers, which are distributed among the functional zones of the city. The current regulatory document provides for the distribution of streets and roads, according to the classification into categories, but, unfortunately, their functional component is missing. In Ukraine, works related to the introduction of changes to the regulatory document are underway and are aimed at developing the functional purpose of streets and roads. The norms of the «Committee on Urban Territories», which belongs to the world-famous road association «PIARS» and the work of the special project «ARTISTS», are defined in the European classification. Attention should be paid to the significant variety of features in the European classification. It should be noted that in the USA and Canada, the functional classification provides for the functions of the specified road, and the main feature is «traffic service – access service». The US uses classifications based on the administrative level of the state, subject to the Department of Transportation "DOT" with mandatory consideration of the requirements of counties and municipal agencies. Great importance is attached to the requirements of the «Green book» – a green book belonging to the American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Canada also has its own distinctions for the preparation of functional classifications, which are based on the «Manual on geometric standards for the design of Canadian roads». They share similar features with the US in terms of defining three categories of streets, namely: Arterial Streets, Collector Streets and Local Streets. Also attracting attention are developments according to pedestrian traffic and low-white population groups. No less interesting are the features of the planning infrastructure in Western Australia. A comfortable environment is declared the official urban planning policy of the State Planning Commission of Western Australia (Western Australian Planning Commission). The concepts of creating a «livable environment» and «livable streets» were considered. In order to create a comfortable environment for living, attractive public spaces, preservation of the environment, the reasons for the concept were also economic factors. The main tasks of designing street and road networks, as well as directions and measures for their solution, are taken into account in the PIARC applications on the functional classification of city streets and roads. These recommendations systematize and summarize the classifications used by many countries in the process of designing street and road networks. Special attention is paid to main arterial streets, as well as architectural, landscape and urban design, safety and organization of traffic and pedestrian traffic. Keywords: street and road network, traffic safety, functional classification, pedestrian flows, project solutions.

New strategic approaches for implementing intelligent streetscape towards livable streets in City of Riyadh

New strategic approaches for implementing intelligent streetscape towards livable streets in City of Riyadh

Rhythm of the streets: a street classification framework based on street activity patterns

As the living tissue connecting urban places, streets play significant roles in driving city development, providing essential access, and promoting human interactions. Understanding street activities and how these activities vary across different streets is critical for designing both efficient and livable streets. However, current street classification frameworks primarily focus on either streets’ functions in transportation networks or their adjacent land uses rather than actual activity patterns, resulting in coarse classifications. This research proposes an activity-based street classification framework to categorize street segments based on their temporal street activity patterns, which is derived from high-resolution de-identified and privacy-enhanced mobility data. We then apply the proposed framework to 18,023 street segments in the City of Boston and reveal 10 distinct activity-based street types (ASTs). These ASTs highlight dynamic street activities on streets, which complements existing street classification frameworks, which focus on the static or transportation characteristics of the street segments. Our results show that a street classification framework based on temporal street activity patterns can identify street categories at a finer granularity than current methods, which can offer useful implications for state-of-the-art urban management and planning. In particular, we find that our classification distinguishes better those streets where crime is more prevalent than current functional or contextual classifications of streets.

Livable streets for schoolchildren: a human-centred understanding of the cognitive benefits of Safe Routes to School

ABSTRACT While most studies focus on the environmental and physical activity benefits of providing safe and livable streets for children, this paper provides a unique before-and-after experiment using cognitive (or image) mapping exercises employing innovative comparison methods. This work demonstrates how exposure to heavy traffic negatively affects children’s perceptions of their environment, and how improving the pedestrian environment (building walkways and improving a crosswalk) can improve those perceptions. This shift may not only encourage more physical activity and strengthen the connection with their communities but also help children in their cognitive development of spatial knowledge.

Does tree canopy moderate the association between neighborhood walkability and street crime?

Creating walkable places and increasing urban vegetation in neighborhoods have emerged as important planning strategies to promote health, social, and environmental benefits. Although past studies have found that walkability and tree canopy are associated with crime, little research has comprehensively examined how neighborhood walkability and tree canopy are associated with street crime. The current study fills this gap by analyzing the relationship among walkable access to amenities measured by Walk Score, urban tree canopy, and the five-year violent and property street crime rates (2014–2018) across an entire city. This study used the case of Austin, Texas to investigate the association exists between 1) neighborhood walkability and street crime and 2) tree canopy and street crime. We also assessed whether the association between neighborhood walkability and street crime was moderated by tree canopy. The first set of models based on a negative binomial regression showed that neighborhood walkability was positively associated with both violent and property street crime rates while tree canopy was inversely associated with violent and property street crime rates. The second set of models revealed a nonlinear relationship between neighborhood walkability and the street crime rate. The final set of models showed that tree canopy cover can moderate the relationship between street crime and neighborhood walkability, suggesting that tree canopy can somewhat offset the negative influence of walkable neighborhoods, such as crowdedness and noise, in relation to street crime. The findings have implications for developing evidence-based planning, design, and policy strategies to create livable streets and prevent street crime by planting more trees in walking-friendly environments.

The Characteristics of Livable Streets: A Study of Physical Aspects of Two Streets in Riyadh

Riyadh is one of the major capital cities of the world, its urban fabric has been affected by rapid urbanization and population growth. Enormous urban expansion has had negative effects on the human dimension, as the streets became more devoted to transportation rather than an integrated urban space. The local municipalities in Riyadh have exerted efforts to restore the human dimension to streets by developing urban spaces and built environments. However, these efforts did not provide a strategy for creating livable streets, because they were built based on individual initiatives. This work aims to investigate the physical aspects of Riyadh streetscapes and define their influences on the livability and quality of spaces. This paper provides a descriptive analysis of two streets in Riyadh, Tahlia Street and Tabuk Street, which have been developed to make them pedestrian friendly. The research data were obtained through field surveys, interviews, and observations. Moreover, in-depth analyses of several government reports from The Royal Commission for Riyadh City and the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs were conducted. Results show that Tahlia Street has wide physical aspects compared to Tabuk Street, making the former more vital than the latter. However, both streets lack some street infrastructure to protect pedestrians from weather conditions. Finally, the paper proposes to develop the current conditions of the physical characteristics of street scenes in order to improve the quality of the streets in Riyadh and enhance the residents' quality of life.

Livable Streets and Global Competitiveness: A Survey of Mexico City

Mexico City is rapidly building livable streets (i.e., streets redesigned to accommodate pedestrians, cyclists, and public space users). Livable streets are justified by decision makers as investments to increase urban equity yet tend to reinforce socioeconomic stratification through their location in wealthy and/or gentrifying neighborhoods. Using semi-structured interviews, policy reviews, and participant observation, this article documents Mexico City’s livable streets investments from 2007 to 2018 focusing on their uptake through global networks of knowledge. It argues that livable streets are part of a competitive city economic development strategy fitting comfortably into a planning system that favors neighborhoods with the most economic potential.

A design framework for livable streets in the era of autonomous vehicles

ABSTRACT Over the past years there have been many revelations that have made it clear autonomous technology will become increasingly prevalent in our communities. Despite optimism about the technology there is a high degree of uncertainty about how they will be deployed in urban environs, particularly with regard to street design. Based on the concepts of autonomy, livability and human scale design, this paper provides a dialogue of possible opportunities for street design in an autonomous future. This paper develops a framework for best practice, identifying policies including roadway design/thinning, curbside policy, and parking removal.

Livable streets? Green gentrification and the displacement of longtime residents in Ghent, Belgium

ABSTRACT While urban greening initiatives are becoming increasing prevalent, some critical scholars have started to question the neutrality of this movement. Specifically, scholars have demonstrated that urban greening can inflate housing costs and as such give rise to processes of gentrification and displacement. This article examines processes of green gentrification in a particular neighborhood of Ghent (Belgium) that has been profoundly greened during the last two decades. Drawing on in-depth interviews with both gentrifying and longtime residents, we find that longtime residents are experiencing significant displacement pressures as a result of urban greening. However, rather than predominantly caused by soaring costs, displacement pressures seem to follow mainly from the political, social, and cultural changes encompassing greening initiatives. Consequently, we draw a more complex picture of green gentrification, one that has important implications for the way this process should be addressed.

Assessing livability of residential streets – Case study: El-Attarin, Alexandria, Egypt

Enhancing Quality of life (QoL) in cities through achieving a livable and sustainable environment has become one of the imperatives of modern planning and of increasing concern to the public; this term nowadays is linked to the rapid urbanization process in cities especially among the less developing nations. Livability is a concept related to human well-being. Therefore, creating livable streets that enhance safety, comfort, and social relations is one of the main goals among all planners and policy makers. A major threat to quality of life is the high volume of vehicle traffic which is associated with different physical, health, social and environmental consequences.

Engineering Livable Streets: A Thematic Review of Advancements in Urban Street Design

Planners and urban designers have long sought to encourage the creation of livable streets. Despite these professions’ best efforts, the creation of such streets has proven difficult to implement due to the design practices employed by traffic engineers. This article details how engineering practices modify the design of urban streets and provides a thematic review of recent innovations to engineering guidance. It concludes by presenting four general strategies for ensuring that walkable streets emerge from the engineering phases of the project planning and design process.

A Design Framework for Livable Streets in the Era of Autonomous Vehicles

Over the past years there have been many technological revelations that have made it clear that autonomous technology will become increasingly prevalent in our communities. Despite optimism about the technology there is a high degree of uncertainty about how it will play out in urban environs, particularly with regard to street design. Based on the concepts of autonomy, livability, and human scale design, this paper provides a dialogue of the opportunities for street design in an autonomous future. It develops a framework for best practice, identifying best practice policy, including roadway design/thinning, curbside policy, and parking removal.

Livable Streets: Assessing the Impact of Vehicle Traffic on the Residential Quality of Life Case Study: El-Atterin, Alexandria, Egypt

Quality of life (QoL) in cities and towns is of increasing concern to the public; this term nowadays is linked to the rapid urbanization process in cities. A major threat to quality of life is the high volume of vehicle traffic which is associated with different physical, health, social and environmental consequences. This paper studies the impact and relationship between traffic volume of vehicles and livability in the residential areas in terms of traffic hazard, social interaction, sense of privacy and responsibility. It assesses the validity of Appleyard’s Livable hypotheses in an Arab developing country. To conduct this study, three residential streets in Alexandria, Egypt that are identical in appearance (in terms of street width, sidewalks, land use diversity and residential densities), yet different in their volumes of traffic were selected. In order to measure livability and people’s perception towards their streets several methods were adopted including questionnaires, door-to-door interviews, and simple sketches for residents in the three streets, finally statistical analyses are then carried out. The results of the study confirmed the inverse correlation between traffic volume and livability, they also illustrate the deterioration in the distinct features and social cohesion of the Egyptian community.

Spatial Analysis in Determining Physical Factors of Pedestrian Space Livability, Case Study: Pedestrian Space on Jalan Kemasan, Yogyakarta

The existence of street as a place to perform various human activities becomes an important issue nowadays. In the last few decades, cars and motorcycles dominate streets in various cities in the world. On the other hand, human activity on the street is the determinant of the city livability. Previous research has pointed out that if there is lots of human activity in the street, then the city will be interesting. Otherwise, if the street has no activity, then the city will be boring. Learning from that statement, now various cities in the world are developing the concept of livable streets. Livable streets shown by diversity of human activities conducted in the streets’ pedestrian space. In Yogyakarta, one of the streets shown diversity of human activities is Jalan Kemasan. This study attempts to determine the physical factors of pedestrian space affecting the livability in Jalan Kemasan Yogyakarta through spatial analysis. Spatial analysis was performed by overlay technique between liveable point (activity diversity) distribution map and variable distribution map. Those physical pedestrian space research variable included element of shading, street vendors, building setback, seat location, divider between street and pedestrian way, and mixed use building function. More diverse the activity of one variable, then those variable are more affected then others. Overlay result then strengthened by field observation to qualitatively ensure the deduction. In the end, this research will provide valuable input for street and pedestrian space planning that is comfortable for human activities.

Livable Streets, Livable Arterials? Characteristics of Commercial Arterial Roads Associated With Neighborhood Livability

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Planners and engineers traditionally consolidate motorized traffic onto arterial roads that pose challenges for surrounding neighborhoods. We investigate the positive and negative impacts of commercial arterials with nodes of activity on the livability of surrounding neighborhoods. We examine 10 arterials in Denver (CO) and survey respondents in adjacent neighborhoods, asking how they view those arterials. We use factor analysis to create a typology of neighbors' perceptions of these arterials. Neighbors like arterials that they perceive as a) vibrant with good transit access and b) quiet and clean; they dislike arterials that they perceive as a) unpleasant and b) sketchy. Vibrant arterials contribute to the perceived livability of the surrounding neighborhoods, whereas sketchy arterials are negatively associated with livability, but the same arterials are often simultaneously vibrant and sketchy. Residents clearly value the social functions that arterials provide and seem less aware of traffic volumes; some low-volume arterials are not more livable than those with higher traffic volumes. Our findings are limited by the small sample size; we do not try to validate objective measures of livability with residents' perceptions.Takeaway for practice: Arterials can be good places for surrounding neighborhoods while still serving as major traffic corridors; accessibility and mobility do not always conflict. Planners should develop economic development plans for affected neighborhoods and enhance neighborhood livability by encouraging active land uses on arterials, maintaining the safety and cleanliness Livable Streets, Livable Arterials? Characteristics of Commercial Arterial Roads Associated With Neighborhood Livability Carolyn McAndrews and Wesley Marshall of arterials, and enhancing the pedestrian environment along those arterials.

Livable Streets 2.0 Street Conflict, Power, and Promise for Livability, Health, and Humanity in the Age of Driverless Cars: An International Perspective

Background In 1981, the first edition of Livable Streets was published--a seminal work on the impacts of car traffic on community health and livability. A year later its author, Donald Appleyard was killed by a speeding drunk driver, and while the book was and still is tremendously popular, it was never reprinted. Now, Bruce Appleyard, Donald's Son, is working on an update to this book to be published by Elsevier Methods This paper is about people and their interactions in and around the most accessible public spaces of our cities. This paper provides comprehensive, evidence-based articulation, both in narrative and graphic form of the power struggle between automobiles, residents, pedestrians and other users of our streets, exposing the ill-effects of traffic on people, street life and communities, including people's ability to make important social connections with each other. As driverless technologies are currently in the process of being tested on roads around the world, this paper utilizes scenario based research as a scholarly methodology to present and compare different outcomes. This paper also presents a review of international cases and provides best practice design, engineering and policy solutions--including a discussion of the laws—that can effectively transform the power dynamic of our streets so they can become livable spaces for all. Results The findings of this paper include the impacts of intersection efficiency, shared usage scenarios, pedestrian and vehicle adapted street design, and potential overall benefits to safety. Furthermore, this paper generates policy recommendations for achieving the combined desired outcomes. The findings of this paper contribute to the research surrounding the future of urban mobility, providing recommendations on the subject of Local, State and Federal policy. Conclusions This paper provides thoughtful, comprehensive insight into a broad range of street, traffic and neighbourhood types, including practical strategies and tools for redesigning and enhancing streets, and street networks so they can support community livability, health, and ever-increasing in importance--aspects of our humanity. Part of the interactive session will be to engage the audience in a discussion of the case study examples that will be highlighted in the upcoming Elsevier publication of Livable Streets 2.0. Special attention will be given to the efforts in Barcelona to create neighborhood super-blocks protected from the ill-effects of traffic, outlined in Livable Streets 2.0

Livable Streets: Assessing the Impact of Vehicle Traffic on the Residential Quality of Life Case Study: El-Attarin, Alexandria, Egypt

Livable Streets: Assessing the Impact of Vehicle Traffic on the Residential Quality of Life Case Study: El-Attarin, Alexandria, Egypt