Lithium Manganese Oxide Powders Research Articles

Recovery of Li from seawater using Li1.33Mn1.67O4 immobilized multi-stage column system

The securing of lithium (Li) from resources containing low concentrations of Li+, such as brines and seawater, is receiving a lot of attention due to the rapid increase in demand for lithium-ion batteries. In this respect, the adsorption process is regarded as the most appropriate method for the direct extraction of Li+ from low-concentration solutions. However, for practical application, the adsorbent materials need to be shaped into granules, spheres, or foams using binding materials, which can reduce the adsorption performance by blocking adsorption sites. To overcome this drawback, an alternative method is proposed herein whereby the adsorbent lithium manganese oxide (LMO) powder is loaded into a multi-stage column (MSC) system equipped with a fabric filter. The optimum conditions for the fabrication of the LMO powder are found to be an Li/Mn molar ratio of 0.8 with a heating temperature of 500 °C for 4 h, and its delithiated product giving a maximum adsorption capacity of 23.9 mg g−1 from Li-spiked seawater (2–60 ppm). By comparison, stirring the adsorbent powder in solution for the same adsorption time yielded 22.8 mg g−1. The MSC adsorption process fits well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second-order kinetics. To confirm the feasibility of the proposed method, its performance is also evaluated in the extraction of Li+ from natural seawater, giving Li+ recoveries ranging from 4 to 4.9 mg g−1 during repeated adsorption/desorption runs. Thus, the proposed method provides a practical Li+ extraction approach that can recover Li+ with a good adsorption performance.

Lithium ion adsorption characteristics of porous Li1.33Mn1.67O4 adsorbent prepared using petroleum-based pitch as a binder

The lithium manganese oxide (LMO) Li1.33Mn1.67O4 exhibits a spinel structure and is well known as a highly selective adsorbent for extracting lithium from salt lakes or seawater. For practical use, the LMO powder should be transformed into porous shapes, such as granules, spheres, or foams, by using appropriate binding materials. In this study, we have proposed an alternative approach for the preparation of porous LMO adsorbents; this involves the use of petroleum pitch as a binding material and subsequent formation of a mixture and heat treatment, which provide chemical resistance and mechanical strength. Disc-shaped porous LMO/C adsorbents were prepared without any structural changes in the spinel structure of the LMO powder after heat treatment. The prepared LMO/C adsorbent treated with acid (and converted to HMO/C) showed excellent adsorption capacity and mechanical durability. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of the disc-shaped HMO/C adsorbent was 24 mg g−1. We also tested HMO/C adsorbent to the recovery of lithium from actual brine to confirm the feasibility of suggested method.

Preparation and Characterization of c‐LiMn2O4 Thin Films prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

AbstractIn this work, lithium manganese oxide (LMO) thin films are prepared using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) at room temperature. The as‐prepared films are amorphous and require a subsequent annealing step to achieve dense films of c‐spinel LMO (LiMn2O4). We applied different annealing temperatures under an argon atmosphere to investigate the thermodynamics of the films and to find the minimum crystallization temperature. Thereby, a simple film deposition process with only one subsequent annealing step is developed to prepare crystalline films. The samples are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thin‐film‐calorimetry, impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods. The results indicate that a narrow temperature range around 700 °C is suitable for the preparation of the spinel phase. Using this preparation route, no further crystalline phases could be identified by XRD. The electrochemical properties of the films are investigated and compared to electrodes made of commercially available LMO powders. The electrochemical characterization shows a capacity of 95 mAh g−1 for the commercial powder and 110 mAh g−1 for the thin‐film samples.

Optimising Electrochemical Properties of Spinel LiMn2O4 Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Battery Using Microwave Irradiation

Lithium manganese oxide (LMO) is one of the most promising 4 V cathode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). This is due to its availability, ease of preparation, non-toxicity, environmental safety, cheapness and high energy density compared to its counterpart materials like LiCoO2 and LiNiO2[1-2]. For these reasons, LMO LIBs are currently used in electric vehicles such as Chevy volt and Nissan leaf. However, its full utilization is hampered by capacity fade upon cycling. The two main causes of capacity fade in LMO are the Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn3+ ions and dissolution of the cathode in the electrolyte [3,4]. These main causes are a consequence of high concentration of Mn3+ ion in the spinel structure. There is therefore the need to find synthetic procedures that will be able to tune or optimise the concentration of the Mn3+to enhance the electrochemical performance of LMO. Several methods are used to make LMO, including microwave-assisted strategy. The use of microwave is generally employed to quicken the reaction time. In our work, we introduce strategic microwave irradiation as an essential step in the synthesis of LMO to optimize the concentration for Mn3+. In this work, we clearly show that microwave irradiation can be used as a curative tool to tune the Mn3+ ion concentration, average manganese ion valence (n Mn), lattice parameter (a), lattice stability, particle size and morphology, in order to improve capacity and capacity retention. Microwave irradiation is currently used for quicker synthesis, preheating or annealing, and has been used to tune the electrochemistry of energy materials [5]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the powders were successfully prepared with spinel LMO structure belonging to Fd-3m space group. The XRD results also showed that the microwave irradiation decreased the lattice parameter. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that microwave irradiation was able to shrink the particles and improve the morphological integrity of the LMO powders. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data clearly showed that microwave irradiation can be used to tune the Mn3+ content, Mn3+/Mn4+ ratio and average manganese valence (n Mn). The Mn3+ion content was found to be largest for pristine LMO (LMO-a) with 83.5 % and was decreased by microwave irradiation to 50.3 % and 54.2 % for LMO-am and LMO-ma, respectively. The cycling performance of the LMO powders is shown in Figure 1. It is evident from Figure 1 that the microwave irradiation improved the capacity and capacity retention of LMO powders. LMO-a (n Mn = 3.165+) with initial discharge capacity of 127 mAhg-1 retained only 78 % of its initial capacity after 50 cycles. LMO obtained by microwave irradiation post-annealing (LMO-am; n Mn = 3.498+) with initial discharge capacity 94 mAhg-1 retained only 91 % of its capacity after 50 cycles. LMO obtained prior to high-temperature annealing (LMO-ma; n Mn = 3.541+) with initial discharge capacity of 131 mAhg-1retained 95% of its initial capacity after 50 cycles. The increased average manganese valence by microwave irradiation also played an important role in the enhancement of the capacity retention. Therefore, the findings in this study can potentially revolutionize the use microwave irradiation in the preparation of spinel cathode materials and other energy storage materials. Figure 1: Discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency vscycle number graphs for the pristine sample (LMO-a) and microwave irradiated samples prior and post-annealing stages (LMO-am and LMO-ma, respectively) at 0.1 C rate between 3.5-4.3 V at room temperature. References F.W. Jeffrey. Journal of Power Sources 195 (2010) 939.J.M. Tarascon, M. Armand. Nature 414 (2001) 359-367.M.M. Thackeray, Y. Shao‐Horn, A.J. Kahaian, K.D. Kepler, E. Skinner, J.T. Vaughey and Stephen A. Hackney. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 1 (1998) 7-9M. Qian, J. Huang, S. Han, X. Cai. Electrochimica Acta, 120 (2014) 16-22.C.J. Jafta, K.I. Ozoemena, N. Manyala, M.K. Mathe, W.D. Roos. ACS Applied Materials and Interface 5 (2013) 7592-7598 Figure 1

Synthesis of lithium ion selective porous phenolic microsphere adsorbents with lithium manganese oxide (LMO) by template and their lithium ion adsorption properties

This study involves the synthesis of a phenolic porous LMO (lithium manganese oxide) adsorbent by the polycondensation method and the preparation of porous LMO microsphere adsorbent with a spinel structure by the carbonization method. The structure of the porous LMO precursor was confirmed, and the crystalline structure, compressive strength, BET surface area, morphology, and acid resistance of the porous adsorbent were analyzed by XRD, UTM, BET surface area, and SEM. The crystalline structure of the adsorbent was spinel, and the carbonized surface had a wrinkled structure. The specific surface was 97.9–120.0 m2/g, and the compressive strength decreased to 2.4–9.7 MPa as the LMO content increased. In addition, the adsorbent was stable against acid due to its cross-linked structure. In pure solution, the breakthrough of lithium was at over 8 hours, which was more rapid than that of the onewith LMO powder adsorbent. Moreover, the selective breakthrough of lithium from artificial seawater occurred after 6 hours, selectivity was very high at greater than 90%, and the desorption rate was faster than that of the LMO for the LMO powder adsorbent. As a result, the selective adsorption of lithium from seawater had a high economic efficiency. Open image in new window

Adsorption and desorption properties of Li+ on PVC-H1.6Mn1.6O4 lithium ion-sieve membrane

A series of PVC-Li1.6Mn1.6O4 precursor membranes were prepared by the solvent exchange method using spinel-type lithium manganese oxide powder (Li1.6Mn1.6O4) as the precursor, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the binder, and N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) as solvent. The Li+ of the precursor membrane was extracted by treated with HCl solution to obtain PVC-H1.6Mn1.6O4 lithium ion-sieve membrane adsorbent. The preparation conditions were investigated by changing the concentration of PVC and Li1.6Mn1.6O4, and the thickness of liquid film. The structure, morphology and adsorption properties of PVC-H1.6Mn1.6O4 lithium ion-sieve membrane were carried out by scanning electron microscope and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacity depended on the preparation conditions. The membrane prepared with concentration of 10wt% PVC and 15wt% Li1.6Mn1.6O4 in DMAc and liquid film thickness of 0.30mm is optimum for the adsorption of Li+ from aqueous solution. The thickness of membrane prepared under above conditions is about 0.1mm. Repeated adsorption–desorption test indicates that the PVC-H1.6Mn1.6O4 lithium ion-sieve membrane can be effectively regenerated with HCl solution and reused for Li+ adsorption without significant loss in the adsorption capacity. Li+ adsorption experiments confirm that the PVC-H1.6Mn1.6O4 lithium ion-sieve membrane possesses high selectivity for Li+ in the presence of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. According to the coefficients, the isothermal data correlated with the Langmuir model better than the Freundlich model, and the adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanosized of Spinel LiMn2O4via Sol-gel and Freeze Drying Methods

Nanocrystalline spinel lithium manganese oxide (<TEX>$LiMn_2O_4$</TEX>) powders with narrow-size-distribution, pure-phase particles, and high crystallinity with an average crystallite size of about 70 nm were synthesized at <TEX>$600^{\circ}C$</TEX> for 6 h in air by freeze drying method. Spinel <TEX>$LiMn_2O_4$</TEX> is also prepared by sol-gel using citric acid as a chelating agent. The influence of different parameters such as pH conditions, solvent, molar ratio of citric acid to total metal ions, calcination temperature, starting material on the structure, morphology and purity of this oxide was investigated. The results of sol-gel method show that pure <TEX>$LiMn_2O_4$</TEX> with average crystallite size of about 130 nm can be produced from nitrate salts as starting materials at <TEX>$800^{\circ}C$</TEX> for 6 h in air. The optimum pH and molar ratio of chelating agent to total metal ions are <TEX>$4{\leq}pH{\leq}6$</TEX> and 1.0, respectively. A possible mechanism on the formation of the nanocrystallines synthesized by sol-gel was also discussed. At the end a comparison of the differences between two methods was made on the basis of x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests.

Preparation and Characterization of a Cylinder-Type Adsorbent for the Recovery of Lithium from Seawater

In this work, a spinel lithium manganese oxide (LMO) used as a lithium adsorbent was prepared with a conventional solid state reaction using lithium carbonate and manganese carbonate as the reactants. A cylinder-type LMO was prepared using water glass (sodium silicate solution) as a binder together with the reactants and examined for its lithium adsorption capacity. The effect of the preparation condition on the adsorption capacity of the LMO powder was investigated. The optimum heating condition for the LMO powder, determined to be 500°C for 4 h, was applied to prepare the cylinder-type LMO. The cylinder-type LMO showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 15.06mg/g when immersed in lithium-enriched seawater, whereas LMO powder showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 27.62mg/g under identical conditions. The cylinder-type LMO generally maintained its structure after the acid treatment and the Li adsorption process. Thus, the cylinder-type LMO developed in this study can overcome the limits associated with powder-type adsorbents and may be appropriate for multiple adsorption runs in seawater. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2013028]

Pulsed plasma induced protection coatings on composite LiMn2O4 powder cathodes

A low temperature direct current pulsed plasma technique has been applied on laminated composite lithium manganese oxide powder cathodes containing the polyvinylidene fluoride binder and carbon black additive. The plasma treatment results in mass transport on the surface of the particles due to an ion bombardment induced atomic peening process. A thin layer is induced on the particle surface. This plasma induced surface layer acts as a protection coating, which improves the cycling and structural stability of the treated cathodes even at high discharge rates, high temperature (60°C) and low cut-off potential (2.0V). The X-ray photo electron spectra of Mn3p for the treated and untreated samples after high temperature (60°C) cycling reveal binding energy shift on the surface of the untreated sample, whereas a stable molecular structure is preserved in the pulsed plasma treated cathode.

Low-Temperature Synthesis of Lithium Manganese Oxide Using LiCl-Li2CO3 and Manganese Acetate Eutectic Mixture

Fine crystalline LiMn2O4 powders have been prepared by molten salt synthesis (MSS) at 500°C, using an eutectic mixture of lithium chloride, lithium carbonate, and manganese acetate salts. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) measurements are performed to investigate the thermal decomposition behavior of the precursor salts. The single-phase cubic structure of LiMn2O4 is confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The lattice parameter is found to be 8.1967 A°. The molecular structure of the compound is studied using FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. The chemical composition and the purity of the synthesized powders are determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and carbon hydrogen nitrogen sulfur (CHNS) analyses. The magnetic behavior of the compound is examined using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The morphology of the powders is assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The average particle size of the powders is ranging between 10–20 µm. This investigation shows that pure crystalline lithium manganese oxide powders can be conveniently synthesized by molten flux method.

Spinel lithium manganese oxide synthesized under a pressurized oxygen atmosphere

Spinel lithium manganese oxide was synthesized via co-precipitation. The prepared lithium manganese oxide powder was further heated at 700 °C for 15 h under pressurized (3 bar) oxygen atmosphere. The resultant exhibited a highly crystalline cubic spinel phase with space group Fd3m, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The spinel compound exhibited a slightly smaller lattice constant than a conventional spinel compound, even though the cationic ratio of Li/Mn is the same for both compounds. Chemical titration of the Mn component showed that heat treatment under a 3 bar oxygen atmosphere resulted in slightly higher average Mn oxidation state, indicating that the amount of Mn 4+ increased after the treatment. The Li 1.05Mn 1.95O 3.99 electrode exhibited improved cycling performance, namely, 96.3% of capacity retention during 100 cycles at elevated temperature (60 °C). The details of the structure and electrochemistry of the electrode are discussed.

Molten salt synthesis of LiMn 2O 4 using chloride–carbonate melt

Lithium manganese oxide powders have been successfully prepared by molten salt synthesis (MSS) route using the eutectic mixture of LiCl, MnCl 2·4H 2O and Li 2CO 3 salts. The synthesis was performed at 700 °C using an electrical resistance furnace. The crystalline powders were characterized using TGA/DTA, XRD, FT-IR, AAS, CHNS, EDAX, EPR and SEM analyses. The lattice constant value for LiMn 2O 4 is a = 8.1834 Å. The FT-IR spectrum, exhibits the high-frequency bands located at 611 and 500 cm −1 are associated with the asymmetric stretching modes of the MnO 6 group. The Raman spectrum shows a strong band located at 644 cm −1 may be assigned to A 1g mode, which corresponds to the symmetric Mn–O stretching vibration of MnO 6 groups. The average particle size of LiMn 2O 4 crystals is found to be between 25 and 35 μm. It is concluded that the possibility of preparing fine crystalline LiMn 2O 4 powders with appreciable purity using low temperature molten salt synthesis route.

Synthesis and electrochemical properties of Li-rich spinel type LiMn 2O 4 powders by spray pyrolysis using aqueous solution of manganese carbonate

Li-rich lithium manganese oxide (Li 1.09Mn 1.91O 4) powders were prepared by spray pyrolysis using an aqueous solution of manganese carbonate. The aqueous solution, in which manganese carbonate was uniformly dispersed by a surfactant, was used as the starting solution. As observed by scanning electron microscopy, Li 1.09Mn 1.91O 4 had spherical morphology with a porous microstructure and consisted of primary particles. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystal phase of the Li 1.09Mn 1.91O 4 powders was in good agreement with the spinel phase. Inductively coupled plasma analysis showed that the molar ratio of Li and Mn in the Li 1.09Mn 1.91O 4 powders was 1.09:1.90. Through electrochemical measurements, the initial discharge capacity of a Li 1.09Mn 1.91O 4 cathode was found to be 107 mAh/g at 1 C (99% retention after 100 cycles) and 91 mAh/g at 10 C (93% retention after 100 cycles). The retention ratio of discharge capacity remained greater than 90%, although capacity loss was observed up to 20 cycles. The Li 1.09Mn 1.91O 4 cathode derived from carbonate solution had excellent cycling stability in comparison with the LiMn 2O 4 cathode derived from nitrate solution.

Synthesis of LiSm 0.01Mn 1.99O 4 by molten salt technique

Samarium substituted lithium manganese oxide powders were successfully prepared by molten-salt synthesis (MSS) using eutectic mixture of LiCl, SmCl 3·6H 2O and MnO 2 salt at 700 °C. The synthesis was carried out in open atmosphere. The crystalline powders were characterized for their phase identification using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The physico-chemical properties of the samarium substituted lithium manganese oxide powders were investigated by thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), FT-IR spectroscopy, EDAX, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This investigation showed the possible methodology for obtaining pure LiSm 0.01Mn 1.99O 4 at low temperature.

Synthesis of LiMn2O4 by molten salt technique

Lithium manganese oxide powders have been successfully prepared by a molten salt synthesis using eutectic mixture of LiCl and MnO2 salt at 900 °C. The synthesis was performed in open atmosphere. The crystalline powders were characterized for their phase identification using X-ray diffraction analysis. The physicochemical properties of the lithium manganese oxide powders are investigated by thermal analysis (thermo gravimetric analysis/ differential thermal analysis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. This work shows the feasibility for obtaining lithium manganese oxide at low-temperature molten salt flux method.

Oxidation State of Manganese in LiMn&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; Powders and Its Effect on Electrochemical Properties

Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) powders for lithium ion batteries were synthesized from two separate raw material pairs, LiOH/MnO and LiOH/MnO2. The prepared powders and their electrochemical properties were investigated. Powders calcined at 780°C were composed of a single-phase spinel structure but those treated at 850°C showed a higher intensity ratio of I400 to I311, a slightly larger lattice parameter, and an increased discharge capacity by 10% under 3.0~4.3V voltage range. The XPS study on the oxidation states of manganese repealed that powders made from LiOH/MnO had less Mn3+ ion and gave better battery performances than those from LiOH/MnO2.

Low Temperature Explosion for Nanometer Active Materials

This paper describes a new method for prediction of the Chapman–Jouguet detonation parameters of CaHbNcOdLieMnf explosives for mixture of some of low temperature explosion explosives at 0 = 1000 kg/m3. Explosion temperatures of water-gel explosives and explosive formulations are predicted using thermochemistry information. The methodology assumes that the heat of detonation of an explosive compound of products composition H2O–CO2–CO–Li2O–MnO2–Mn2O3 can be approximated as the difference between the heats of formation of the detonation products and that of the explosive, divided by the formula weight of the explosive. For the calculations in which the first set of decomposition products is assumed, predicted temperatures of explosion of water-gel explosives with the product H2O in the gas phase have a deviation of 153.29 K from results with the product H2O in the liquid state. Lithium and manganese oxides have been prepared by the explosion of water-gel explosives of the metal nitrates, M (NO3) x (M = Li, Mn) as oxidizers and glycol as fuels, at relative low temperature. We have also used the Dulong-Petit’s values of the specific heat for liquid phase H2O. Lithium manganese oxide powders with chrysanthemum-like morphology secondary particles, but with smaller primary particles of diameters from 5 to 30 nm and a variety of morphologies were found. The oxides produced by this cheap method affirmed the validity of explosion synthesis of nano-size materials for lithium ion batteries.

Effects of synthetic parameters on structure and electrochemical performance of spinel lithium manganese oxide by citric acid-assisted sol–gel method

The spinel lithium manganese oxide cathode materials were prepared by citric acid-assisted sol–gel method at 623–1073 K in air. The effects of pH value, raw material, synthesis temperature and time on structure and electrochemical performance of spinel lithium manganese oxide are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). XRD data results strongly suggest that the synthesis temperature is the dominating factors of the formation of spinel phase, and spinel lithium manganese oxide powder with various crystallites size can be obtained by controlling the sintering time. CV shows that spinel lithium manganese oxide powder formed about 973 K presents the best electrochemical performance with well separated two peaks and the highest peak current. Charge–discharge test indicates that spinel lithium manganese oxide powders calcined at higher temperatures have high discharge capacity and capacity loss, and sintered at lower temperatures has low discharge capacity and high capacity retention.

Electrochemical properties of LiMn 2O 4 films produced by combustion reaction

Lithium manganese oxide powders were prepared via combustion reaction. Structural characterization of the powder using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of a LiMn 2O 4 nanosized powder. LiMn 2O 4 films were prepared by spin coating using 80 wt% of oxide, 15 wt% of polyaniline (PAni) as an electronic conductor and 5 wt% of polyvinylidene (PVDF) as a binder in N . N .-dimethyl acetamide. A Coulombic efficiency of 96% confirmed the electrochemical stability of the composite. The variation in impedance as a function of the lithium intercalation/deintercalation process reflected the interaction between the oxide and/or polyaniline particles at a high frequency range, and a diffusion tendency was observed at medium and low frequency ranges. The capacity values of the composite electrodes relative to the LiMn 2O 4 mass were 178.6/177.5 and 145/140 mAh g −1 for the first and 25th charge/discharge cycles, respectively.

Electrochemical performance of LBO-coated spinel lithium manganese oxide as cathode material for Li-ion battery

Surface treatment of the lithium manganese oxide cathode material coated by lithium borate glass (Li 2O–2B 2O 3) with improved electrochemical cyclability and structural stability was conducted in this study. The lithium manganese oxide powder doped with various weight percentages of LBO glass was calcined to form a fine powder with single spinel phase, exhibiting different particle size, size distribution and morphology. The surface area decreased with the content of the LBO glass. The average particle size was in the range of 3–8 μm. Cyclic charge/discharge testing of the coin cells, fabricated by lithium manganese oxide and 0.4 wt.% LBO-coated lithium manganese oxide as cathode material, provided the initial discharge capacity of 95.57 and 119.79 mAh/g, respectively. Furthermore, the 0.4 wt.% LBO-coated lithium manganese oxide powder retained 93% of its original capacity after 10 cycles, showing much better cyclability than the uncoated lithium manganese oxide. It is demonstrated that the LBO-coated lithium manganese oxide cathode material exhibited high discharge capacity and the fading rate was evidently decreased after cyclic test.