Literature Databases Research Articles

Meta-analysis of the GALAD model for diagnosing primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Ever since the GALAD (gender-age-Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein-alpha-fetoprotein-des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin) logistic regression model was established to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there has been no high-level evidence that evaluates and summarizes it. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic ability of the GALAD model. The following databases were systematically searched for original diagnostic studies on HCC: PubMed, Embase, Medline, the Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Wanfang (China), Wiper and the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database. After screening the search results according to our criteria, the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool was used to evaluate the methodologic qualities, and statistical software were used to output the statistics. Ultimately, 10 studies were included and analyzed. The results revealed the pooled sensitivity and specificity of the GALAD model to be 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82, 0.90) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.92), respectively, for all-stage HCC. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.94. For early-stage HCC, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of the GALAD model were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.87) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.83), respectively. The AUC was 0.90. This meta-analysis confirmed that the GALAD model has excellent diagnostic performance for early-stage and all-stage HCC and can maintain high sensitivity and specificity in early-stage HCC. Therefore, the GALAD model is qualified for screening early-stage canceration from chronic liver disease.

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced CT in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveContrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) improves lesion contrast with surrounding tissues through the injection of contrast agents. This enhancement allows for more precise lesion characterization, aiding in the early diagnosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This meta-analysis aims to assess the diagnostic efficacy of CECT in ccRCC and to provide an ideal imaging examination method for the preoperative diagnosis of ccRCC.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search across six major online databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, WANFANG DATA, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM). The objective was to collate and analyze studies that evaluate the diagnostic utility of CECT in the identification of ccRCC. Meta-disc 1.4 and Stata 16.0 were used to conduct a meta-analysis and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CECT for ccRCC.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 17 relevant studies investigating the diagnostic value of CECT for ccRCC. The combined sensitivity and specificity of CECT were 0.88 (95% confidence interval: 0.83–0.91) and 0.82 (95%CI: 0.75–0.87), respectively. Positive diagnostic likelihood ratio = 4.87 (95%CI: 3.47–6.84), negative diagnostic likelihood ratio = 0.15 (95%CI: 0.11–0.21), and diagnostic odds ratio = 32.67 (95%CI: 18.21–58.61). In addition, the area under the ROC curve was 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89–0.94), indicating that CECT has a decent discriminative ability in diagnosing ccRCC.ConclusionsCECT is recognized as a highly effective imaging tool for diagnosing ccRCC. It provides valuable guidance in the preoperative assessment and planning of surgical strategies for patients with ccRCC.

Electrochemically Induced Synthesis of β‐Ketosulfones from Enol Acetates and Sodium Sulfinates

Abstractβ‐Ketosulfones were synthesized from enol acetates and sodium sulfinates under electrochemical conditions. The starting sulfinates can act both as the supporting electrolyte and as the source of S‐centered radicals, allowing electrolysis to proceed without external salt. Side reactions of enol acetates’ oxidation are not observed, and the developed process is quite selective. The proposed electrochemical sulfonylation is compatible with a wide range of the initial enol acetates and sulfinates. On the basis of literature data, control experiments, and CV studies, the presumable reaction pathway is suggested. The key intermediates are S‐centered sulfonyl radical, C‐centered benzylic radical, and β‐acetoxy‐β‐hydroxysulfone.

The Principles of Home Care for Patients with Stroke: An Integrative Review.

Patients With Stroke (PWS), like patients with other chronic health conditions, need long-term care in home settings. Patient transfer from hospital to home is associated with challenges such as care quality impairment and ineffective patient need fulfillment. The aim of this study was to assess the principles of Home Care (HC) for PWS. This integrative review was conducted in 2023 using the method recommended by Whittemore and Knafl. The Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, and specific databases for stroke care guidelines were searched to find relevant articles published between 2010 and 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used for document screening and selection. The data were analyzed using the constant comparison method. Primarily, 2608 documents were retrieved, and 22 of them were included in data analysis. The principles of HC for PWS were categorized into six main categories: principles of transition from hospital care to HC, principles of assessment for HC, principles of education for HC, principles of designing an HC plan, principles of HC measures, and principles of discharge from HC centers. The present study provides a detailed overview of the principles of HC for PWS, which can be used to develop standard guidelines and improve the quality of HC for PWS.

Caring for Persons with Alzheimer's Disease during a Pandemic

The population experiencing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their caregivers have been tremendously impacted by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Outpatient services became less accessible during the pandemic lockdown which caused increased caregiver burden more than usual. Further examination discovered that caregivers were unable to properly take care of themselves because of the need to provide around-the-clock care to loved ones, who pre-pandemic were able to receive supplemental caregiving services. The purpose of this integrative review was to provide a synthesis of information regarding caregiver experiences, during a time of limited resources, such as with the COVID-19 global pandemic. A comprehensive search of the literature databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Medline was completed yielding qualitative and mixed-methods studies. The literature search yielded 14 articles which met the criteria. Three themes emerged during this review. They include: Deprivation of self-care and social connectedness, Fragmented care and resources, and Improved policy development. Multiple gaps in caregiver needs have been identified throughout the literature. Outpatient services, home health aides, and respite care remain necessary elements of care for those with AD and for the relief of the caregiver. Forward planning should include government policies to support caregiving of those with AD, especially in the light of service restrictions or unavailable services.

Impact of electronic medical records on healthcare delivery in Nigeria: A review.

Electronic medical records (EMRs) have great potential to improve healthcare processes and outcomes. They are increasingly available in Nigeria, as in many developing countries. The impact of their introduction has not been well studied. We sought to synthesize the evidence from primary studies of the effect of EMRs on data quality, patient-relevant outcomes and patient satisfaction. We identified and examined five original research articles published up to May 2023 in the following medical literature databases: PUBMED/Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, African Journals Online and Google Scholar. Four studies examined the influence of the introduction of or improvements in the EMR on data collection and documentation. The pooled percentage difference in data quality after introducing or improving the EMR was 142% (95% CI: 82% to 203%, p-value < 0.001). There was limited heterogeneity in the estimates (I2 = 0%, p-heterogeneity = 0.93) and no evidence suggestive of publication bias. The 5th study assessed patient satisfaction with pharmacy services following the introduction of the EMR but neither had a comparison group nor assessed patient satisfaction before EMR was introduced. We conclude that the introduction of EMR in Nigerian healthcare facilities meaningfully increased the quality of the data.

Impact of dietary inflammatory index on gestational diabetes mellitus in normal and overweight women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

To systematically investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), with a focus on the role of BMI in this relationship. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Medline, CINAHL Complete, Chinese Periodical Full-text Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China Wanfang Database for rele-vant observational studies published up to August 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The pooled effect size was calculated using a random-effects model. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. The study included 54,058 participants from 10 studies. Pregnant women with a higher DII, indicating a pro-inflammatory diet, had a significantly increased risk of GDM compared to those with a lower DII, indicating an anti-inflammatory diet (pooled OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36; I²=70%, p <0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed a stronger association in normal weight stratification (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.04-1.51), case-control studies (OR: 1.45, 95%CI: 1.03-2.05), Asia (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.10-1.43), Europe (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.09-1.48), 3-day dietary record as a dietary assessment tool (OR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.16-1.46), physical activity adjustment (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.13-1.46), and energy intake adjustment (OR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.19-1.48). Meta-regression analysis confirmed that geographical region significantly influenced heterogeneity between studies (p <0.05). An elevated DII is independently linked to a higher risk of GDM, especially in women of normal weight.

Effects of calorie restriction therapy on health-related outcomes in patients with heart failure, a systematic review and meta-analysis

AimsWe conducted this systematic review to comprehensively assess the impact of CRT on health-related outcomes among patients with HF. Data synthesisIn order to find studies investigating the effect of CRT on health-related outcomes among patients with HF, we performed a systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases (inception until February 12th, 2023). A total of 10 studies including 933 individuals met the inclusion criteria. The systematic review indicated that 8 to 24 weeks of CRT intervention offered some health advantages for patients with HF. CRT significantly reduced patients’ body weight (SMD = - 0.52, 95% CI= - 0.99 to -0.04, P = 0.03, I2 = 77%) and improved their quality of life (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.58, P = 0.003, I2 = 0%). However, CRT significantly increased the risk of mortality and HF-related rehospitalization, including combined events of all-cause mortality and HF-related rehospitalization within a year (CRT group: 20% vs. control group: 5%), mortality rate within 1.52 years (CRT group: 34% vs. control group: 22%), readmission rate (CRT group: 52% vs. control group: 17%), and length of stay after readmission (CRT group: 124 days vs. control group :18 days). ConclusionCRT provides no significant benefits in terms of health-related outcomes among patients with HF, hence most patients with HF might not be eligible for CRT treatments. Meanwhile, there are several methodological issues among the studies included in the review, resulting in a low-to-moderate quality of evidence. RegistrationThe PROSPERO registration number of this review is CRD 42023413992

Noninvasive neurostimulation promotes working memory performance in older adults: a systematic review

Working memory is a core component of high-level cognitive functions. A key feature of cognitive decline in older adults is the impairment of working memory capacity, which is also observed in many clinical conditions. In recent years, noninvasive neurostimulation techniques have garnered extensive research attention for their potential to enhance human cognitive function, particularly in older adults. This review focuses on several advanced noninvasive neurostimulation techniques for working memory in older adults. A systematic search of the PubMed and Google Scholar literature databases was conducted, covering research papers published from 2013 to 2023. This review identified 19 articles on transcranial electrical stimulation, 6 on transcranial magnetic stimulation, and 2 on transcranial photobiomodulation techniques that met the inclusion criteria. These results suggest that transcranial electrical stimulation, especially transcranial alternating current stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation, can improve working memory performance in healthy older adults. Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training improves functional connectivity between relevant brain regions in addition to performance gains. Transcranial random noise stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and transcranial photobiomodulation also have the potential to improve working memory. Further research is needed to understand the neural mechanisms involved and optimize stimulation parameters. In addition, emerging techniques such as transcranial focused ultrasound may offer promising solutions for future studies on working memory enhancement in older adults.

Comparative efficacy of eight oral Chinese patent medicines for dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure: a Bayesian network meta-analysis

BackgroundChinese patent medicines (CPMs) are widely used in China as an adjuvant treatment in dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure (DCM-HF). However, comprehensive and systematic evidence supporting the beneficial effects of CPMs combined with current complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments against DCM-HF was limited. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to assess and rank the relative efficacy of eight different CPMs for DCM-HF.MethodsTo retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on the use of CPMs combined with CAM for DCM-HF, the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science Periodical Database (CSPD), Chinese Citation Database (CCD), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and ClinicalTrials.gov were comprehensively searched from their inception to 29 February 2024. The quality of the included RCTs was examined using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool, version 2.0 (RoB 2). Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probability values were applied to rank the relative efficacy. Bayesian network meta-analysis was designed to assess the efficacy of different CPMs.ResultsAfter applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 77 eligible RCTs involving 6980 patients were enrolled. The outcomes assessed included clinical effectiveness rate (CER), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), 6-min walk test (6MWT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and cardiac output (CO). The results of the NMA indicated that Qili Qiangxin capsule (QLQX), Wenxin granule (WX), Tongxinluo capsule (TXL), Qishen Yiqi dropping pill (QSYQ), Shexiang Baoxin pill (SXBX), Yangxinshi tablet (YXST), Yixinshu capsule (YXSC), and Getong Tongluo capsule (GTTL) combined with CAM significantly improved performance compared with CAM alone in treating DCM-HF. YXST + CAM (MD = − 9.93, 95% CI − 12.83 to − 7.03) had the highest probability of being the best treatment on account of the enhancement of LVEF. WX + CAM had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment considering the improvement in LVEDD (MD = − 11.7, 95% CI − 15.70 to − 7.79) and 6MWT (MD = − 51.58, 95% CI − 73.40 to − 29.76). QLQX + CAM (MD = − 158.59, 95% CI − 267.70 to − 49.49) had the highest likelihood of being the best intervention for the reduction in BNP. TXL + CAM (MD = − 0.93, 95% CI − 1.46 to − 0.40) might be the optimal choice for increasing CO levels in DCM-HF patients. No serious treatment-emergent adverse events were observed.ConclusionThis NMA suggested that adding CPMs to the current CAM treatment exerted a more positive effect on DCM-HF. Thereinto, QLQX + CAM, TXL + CAM, WX + CAM, and YXST + CAM showed a preferable improvement in patients with DCM-HF when unified considering the clinical effectiveness rate and other outcomes. Furthermore, due to the lack of information on CPMs against DCM-HF and the uneven distribution of included studies among interventions, more high-quality studies are needed to provide more robust evidence to support our findings.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO (CRD42023482669).

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different puncture routes for ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block for early analgesia after hip arthroplasty: A meta-analysis.

This study aimed to compare the effect of ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block with different puncture sites on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Wiley Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases for literature on ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block through different puncture sites in hip replacement patients. The software package R (4.2.1) was used in the meta-analysis. The meta results showed the suprainguinal approach (SA) puncture pathway had a significantly longer operative time than the infrainguinal approach (IA) pathway (mean deviation [MD] = 0.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.09, 1.84], P < .01) when performing orthopedic surgery. In terms of nerve block efficacy, only the block rates of the obturator nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, and femoral nerve groups did not show significant differences between the SA and IA pathways. In contrast, the results of the Meta combined effect size of visual analogue scale scores during postoperative activity showed that the SA puncture pathway significantly reduced patients' pain scores compared with the IA pathway at the T1 (3-6 h) and T2 (8 h) time points (MD = -0.39, 95% CI [-0.77, -0.01], P = .04 in the T1 group; MD = -0.58, 95% CI [-0.95, -0.21], P < .01). The differences in pain scores at the T3 (12 h) and T4 (24 h) time points were not significant, and in terms of adverse reaction rates, the differences in the incidence of pruritus, sedation, urinary retention, and nausea and vomiting were not significant. This study demonstrates that the SA puncture pathway has a significant advantage over the IA pathway in reducing active pain in early postoperative pain management without increasing the risk of adverse events. This finding supports the prioritization of SA pathway in clinical practice where postoperative pain control is considered. Future research should continue to explore the use of SA pathway in different patient populations and types of surgery, as well as their impact on long-term postoperative recovery, with the aim of optimizing individualized postoperative pain management strategies.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes among Asians: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could increase the susceptibility of individuals to develop obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Obesity and T2DM are closely related pathophysiologically, thus similar SNPs could mediate both these diseases, but this is rarely reported. Furthermore, limited studies have been performed to summarize SNP data in the Asian population compared to the Western population. In this study, we aimed to summarize SNPs that are associated with the development of obesity and T2DM among Asian populations. We searched six literature databases and Review Manager (RevMan) was used for meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated with a random effects model for the heterogeneity among studies. The pooled analysis showed that rs9939609 (FTO gene) and rs17782313 and rs571312 (MC4R gene) are associated with obesity with an odd ratio (OR) of 1.37, 1.36 and 1.29 respectively. For T2DM, five SNPs, rs7903146 and rs12255372 (TCF7L2 gene), rs13266634 and rs11558471 (SLC30A8 gene) and rs2283228 (KCNQ1 gene) have also shown strong associations with T2DM at OR of 1.64, 1.61, 1.22, 1.29 and 1.60 respectively. This data could be used to develop a gene screening panel for assessing obesity and T2DM susceptibility.

Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for residual low back pain after percutaneous kyphoplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

IntroductionOsteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is a common complication in elderly patients with osteoporosis. Despite undergoing percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) treatment, a significant percentage of OVCF patients (1.8% to 31.9%) continue...

The Potential Effectiveness of Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labeling for Improving Population Diets.

Nutrition labeling on the front of food packages can support more healthful purchase decisions and encourage favorable reformulation. This systematic literature review applied Cochrane methods to synthesize and appraise the evidence on the effectiveness of front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) on diet-related outcomes and food reformulation to inform policy recommendations. The search was conducted on 11 academic and gray literature databases, from inception to July 2022. Evidence was synthesized using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation), vote counting, and meta-analyses, where appropriate. Overall, 221 articles were included in the review. The randomized controlled trial evidence suggested that, compared with when no FOPL was present, FOPL likely improved consumer understanding of the nutritional quality/content of foods (moderate certainty of evidence), and the healthfulness of food choices (moderate certainty) and purchases (moderate certainty). Interpretive FOPL had a greater effect on these outcomes compared with noninterpretive systems (moderate certainty). There was inconsistency in the best-performing interpretive FOPL system.

Defining and identifying the critical elements of operational readiness for public health emergency events: a rapid scoping review

IntroductionCOVID-19 showed that countries must strengthen their operational readiness (OPR) capabilities to respond to an imminent pandemic threat rapidly and proactively. We conducted a rapid scoping evidence review to understand...

Prevention and care of adult enterostomy with high output: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionThe purpose of this protocol is to investigate the risk factors, critical evaluation contents and preventive measures of high-output enterostomy.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute...

Isolation and Partial Characterization of 11-Octadecenoic Acid Methyl Ester and Bis (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate from Celtis integrifolia Lam

Introduction: Celtis integrifolia Lam is a traditional medicinal plant used as a remedy for the cure of diarrhea, measles, bleeding, ecbolic, sore throat and as an antinociceptive agent. Aim: The study was aimed at the isolation and partial characterization of phytocompounds from Celtis integrifolia crude extract. Methodology: The stembark sample was powdered and extracted using maceration technique with methanol. The extract was filtered using cotton wool and clarified using Whatmann No.1 filter paper. The filtrate was concentrated on a rotavapor at 45oC. The crude extract was then reconstituted in water and partitioned successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The ethyl acetate and the n-hexane fractions were concentrated and subjected to purification on column chromatography. Results: Gradient elution of extract fractions on open-column chromatography yielded two compounds coded CiL1 and CiL2 from the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions respectively. The isolated compounds were characterized using spectroscopic data from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and literature database. Compound CiL1 with Rf = 0.43 in hexane: Ethyl acetate (9:1) was identified as 11-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester while Compound CiL2 isolated from ethyl acetate fraction as a yellow substance with Rf = 0.38 in hexane: ethyl acetate (8:2) was identified as bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Conclusion: The study showed the presence of 11-octadecenoic acid methyl ester and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the stembark extract of Celtis integrifolia Lam. These two phytocompounds are reported for the first time from Celtis integrifolia Lam based on available literature. Since the presence of phytochemical substances is believed to be the basis of any observed pharmacological activity, the study therefore lends credence to the traditional medicinal uses of Celtis integrifolia Lam.

A Scoping Review on the Intersection Between Voice and Swallowing Measures in Healthy and Disordered Populations.

Voice and swallowing are distinct functions that share anatomical and physiological properties; however, research investigating their intersection is limited. The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the literature surrounding the relationship between voice and swallowing measures in healthy adults and those with non-degenerative disorders. Specifically, we aimed to elucidate whether objective voice measures could be used as correlates of swallowing function. We systematically searched four databases (Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) for relevant literature using a combination of key words and controlled vocabulary generated from the Yale Mesh Analyzer. The inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed studies in the English language that reported on healthy adults and/or patients with non-degenerative neurological disorders and pulmonary diseases and contained instrumental and/or objective voice and swallowing measures. Two raters completed the abstract screening process followed by independent full-text reviews. Case studies, review studies, gray literature, or abstract-only studies were excluded. Among 5,485 screened studies, 182 were fully reviewed, with only 11 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Eight studies found an association between voice and swallowing objective measures, whereas the other three did not. Significant voice measures that were related to swallowing safety and/or physiology included maximum fundamental frequency (F0), F0 range, maximum phonation time, biomechanics of effortful pitch glides, and voice onset time. Although there was heterogeneity in the measures used, specific objective voice measures showed promise in clinical practice as a screening tool for dysphagia. Further investigations are needed to validate the clinical utility of these measures across diverse patient populations.

Adoption of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Robots in Long-Term Care Homes by Health Care Providers: Scoping Review.

Long-term care (LTC) homes face the challenges of increasing care needs of residents and a shortage of health care providers. Literature suggests that artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled robots may solve such challenges and support person-centered care. There is a dearth of literature exploring the perspectives of health care providers, which are crucial to implementing AI-enabled robots. This scoping review aims to explore this scant body of literature to answer two questions: (1) what barriers do health care providers perceive in adopting AI-enabled robots in LTC homes? (2) What strategies can be taken to overcome these barriers to the adoption of AI-enabled robots in LTC homes? We are a team consisting of 3 researchers, 2 health care providers, 2 research trainees, and 1 older adult partner with diverse disciplines in nursing, social work, engineering, and medicine. Referring to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, our team searched databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) for peer-reviewed and gray literature, screened the literature, and extracted the data. We analyzed the data as a team. We compared our findings with the Person-Centered Practice Framework and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to further our understanding of the findings. This review includes 33 articles that met the inclusion criteria. We identified three barriers to AI-enabled robot adoption: (1) perceived technical complexity and limitation; (2) negative impact, doubted usefulness, and ethical concerns; and (3) resource limitations. Strategies to mitigate these barriers were also explored: (1) accommodate the various needs of residents and health care providers, (2) increase the understanding of the benefits of using robots, (3) review and overcome the safety issues, and (4) boost interest in the use of robots and provide training. Previous literature suggested using AI-enabled robots to resolve the challenges of increasing care needs and staff shortages in LTC. Yet, our findings show that health care providers might not use robots because of different considerations. The implication is that the voices of health care providers need to be included in using robots. RR2-doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075278.

The effect of laparoscopic and abdominal surgery on the treatment of ectopic pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of laparoscopic surgery (LS) and abdominal surgery (AS) in ectopic pregnancy surgery. A computer-based search was conducted in several databases such as CNKI, Wanfang data, VIP data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM disc), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and others to gather domestic and foreign literature on treating ectopic pregnancy. This search was carried out from the inception of each database to July 2022. The literature review was performed using Endnote X9 software, and the data were analyzed using STATA 15.1 software for the meta-analysis. Eight articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The meta-analysis showed that the laparoscopic group had shorter operation time than AS group [SMD = -1.28, 95%CI (-2.02, 0.54), p = 0.001], had less intraoperative bleeding [SMD = -3.06, 95%CI (-3.82, -2.31), p < 0.01], shorter postoperative anus exhaust time [SMD = -2.60, 95%CI (-3.26, -1.93), p < 0.01], and shorter hospital stay [SMD = -1.74, 95%CI (-2.09, -1.39), p < 0.01] with few complications [RR = 0.22, 95%CI (0.08, 0.55), p = 0.001]. LS has more evident advantages in the treatment of patients with ectopic pregnancy. However, due to the lack of English literature that meets the inclusion criteria, further studies are needed to determine if LS has the same efficacy for European and American populations.