Literate Individuals Research Articles

Prevalence of Father–Daughter Incestuous Relationship as Perceived by Literate Adults in Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to ascertain how common father-daughter incestuous relationships are among literate individuals in Nigeria. The study used the descriptive survey approach. All adults in Nigeria who were literate made up the target population. The study's sample was chosen by the application of a multistage sampling technique. Data were gathered using a study tool called the "prevalence of father-daughter incestuous questionnaire (PFIQ)". Counselling psychologists with expertise in the field established the instrument's content validity. Using a test-retest approach, the instrument's reliability coefficient was determined, yielding a coefficient of 0.75. The results showed that there is a significant prevalence of incestuous relationships between fathers and daughters (24.9%). Regarding the frequency of father-daughter incestuous relationships, there were notable variations among the participants according to gender [t(1198) =-5.13;p,0,05] and home type [t(1198)=2.23;p<0.05]. The results have implications for counselling practice and education, including the requirement that counsellors have training in managing father-daughter incestuous relationships. The sexuality and family life education programmes should cover techniques for managing father-daughter incestuous relationships. It is consequently advised that, in order to lessen the incidence of father-daughter incestuous relationships, religious organisations educate their followers about the risks involved. To raise public awareness of the need to combat this social threat in our society, the Counselling Association of Nigeria (CASSON) ought to host conferences, workshops, and seminars on father-daughter incestuous relationships.

Awareness Regarding Screening Programs in General Population to Improve Health Indicators: Genetic Counselors as Facilitators

Public health screening programs are crucial for early disease detection, but limited awareness hinders their effectiveness in India, regardless of literacy. This study assessed awareness levels for key programs among 294 literate and illiterate individuals via an online survey. Results showed high awareness for antenatal care (96%). Newborn screening (NBS) and thalassemia screening awareness were higher in females, particularly regarding thalassemia's hereditary nature (73% vs 61% and 73% vs 57%). Cervical cancer awareness increased with education (83% for graduates). Interestingly, even those with no education displayed some awareness of breast cancer screening. Prostate cancer awareness was similar across genders, with limited knowledge even among highly educated individuals (66% for Ph.Ds). These findings highlight a critical gap in public health education. Genetic counselors can bridge this gap by implementing targeted campaigns, partnering with schools and communities, and collaborating with healthcare professionals. Empowering individuals with knowledge is essential for improved population health outcomes in India.

Role of Financial Literacy in Household Investment Decisions in Iraq

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the role of financial literacy in household investment decisions in Iraq. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that households with higher levels of financial literacy tend to make more informed and effective investment choices, which lead to better financial outcomes. These households are more likely to participate in financial markets, diversify their investments, and utilize a broader range of financial instruments, which helps in mitigating risks and enhancing returns. Financially literate individuals are also more adept at understanding complex financial products, assessing investment risks, and planning for long-term financial goals such as retirement. Conversely, a lack of financial literacy can result in poor financial decisions, leading to lower participation in the stock market, inadequate savings, and suboptimal investment portfolios. Thus, enhancing financial literacy is essential for empowering households to make sound investment decisions, ultimately contributing to greater financial stability and wealth accumulation. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Behavioral finance theory, portfolio theory and agency theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the role of financial literacy in household investment decisions in Iraq. In terms of practical recommendations, developing and implementing targeted financial education programs is essential. These programs should focus on improving specific aspects of financial literacy relevant to investment decisions. From a policy perspective, advocating for policies that support the integration of financial literacy education into school curricula at all levels is essential.

The Framework of 21st Century Skills in the Educational Sciences Literature

This study derives its motivation from the 21st-century skills, often referred to as the "skills of the era," which encompass goals inspired by contrasting philosophies. Educators are expected to nurture environmentally conscious, health-literate, and culturally sensitive individuals while fostering competitive, outcome-oriented, financially literate individuals. There's a quest to harmonize these attributes, driving specific investments. The need for an educational landscape overview becomes evident. Within educational sciences, interpreting 21st-century skills, selecting focused skills, and understanding data collection sources prompt multidimensional discussions. Thus, the study's core objective is to map fundamental characteristics of literature emphasizing 21st-century skills.Analyzing 157 recent phd theses in Turkey's educational sciences field, the study examines academic disciplines, emphasized skills, methodologies, data collection tools, participants, and outcomes. Literature review shows variations in emphasis on 21st-century skills, with some receiving attention while others are marginalized. Study participants mainly comprise students and educators. The conclusion highlights recommended tools like mobile apps, animation software, websites, instructional techniques, and devices, as advised by authors.

Health literacy and mental health: a national cross-sectional inquiry

Health literacy and mental health are among the most important issues in the modern health and era of public health. This study aimed to investigate the association between health literacy and mental health status. This was a national cross-sectional study that was conducted in Iran. A sample of literate individuals aged 18–65 was entered into the study using multistage sampling. The data were collected by the Health Literacy Instrument for Adults (HELIA) and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Logistic regression and path analysis were used for data analysis. A total of 20,571 individuals completed the questionnaires. The mean(± SD) age of participants was 34.9(± 11.8) years old, 51% were female, and 38.1% had higher education. The mean(± SD) health literacy score was 68.3(± 15.2), and 29.8% of the respondents reported some mental health problems. Logistic regression analysis showed that limited health literacy was associated with poor mental health status (OR 2.560, 95% CI 2.396–2.735, P = 0.001). The path analysis showed that an increase in health literacy could reduce psychological and social dysfunction (the effect of health literacy on reducing psychological distress is more profound). It is recommended to carry out interventions that strengthen adult’s cognitive and communication skills to improve their ability to access and use health information to make healthy choices.

The level of associating physics subjects with life: Analysis of the secondary school physics curriculum

This research aims to ascertain the extent of association between the secondary school physics course curriculum and real-life situations. The goal is to determine how well students can be prepared for life within the scope of this course. The research employed the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods. The data source for this research is the secondary school physics course curriculum (grades 9th through 12th), published by the Board of Education in 2018. The Secondary School Physics Curriculum was analyzed comprehensively and in detail using the content analysis method, specifically focusing on the 'Themes and Indicators Related to Relating the Science Course to Life.' The research examined the secondary school physics curriculum in two sections. In the first part, the 'Ministry of National Education Curriculum' and the 'Implementation of the Secondary Education Physics Course Curriculum' were scrutinized. In the second part, the achievements and explanations related to the units, subjects, and 'Relation to Life' under the 'Structure of the Secondary School Physics Course Curriculum' were examined. The research revealed a frequent emphasis on 'Relation to Life' in the secondary school physics curriculum. It can be asserted that the education of scientifically literate individuals is reinforced by emphasizing its connection to everyday life in the secondary school physics curriculum. The study has uncovered that the cultivation of critical thinking skills is promoted through tasks that require students to apply their physics knowledge to real-life problems. It can be stated that the physics program also aims to prevent possible learning difficulties in students by enabling them to discover that physics is a part of life.

Methodological and theoretical foundations for assessing the functional literacy of students in mathematics

Relevance. Currently, one of the most important skills that a modern citizen should have, both in Kazakhstan and around the world, is the ability to adapt to change. In this case, in educational institutions, approaches aimed at a comprehensively developed personality, ready to independently overcome difficulties, based on the information received during training, are becoming increasingly relevant. Purpose. The purpose of the study was to determine the ways of assessing the level of functional literacy acquired by a student in the course of studying mathematics. Methodology. The method of analysis, synthesis, comparison, deduction was used in the article. Results. The study identified challenges in Kazakhstan's education system, stemming from external factors like digitalization and internal factors such as adolescent development. It established that students need both theoretical knowledge and practical application skills for Kazakhstan's future growth. The research emphasized preparing and evaluating functionally literate individuals, focusing on mathematical functional literacy as a key indicator of students' ability to apply skills in real-life situations. Conclusions. In the course of selecting or developing tasks for conducting control activities, the teacher must combine two aspects at once, both theoretical and practical. The practical value of the study is that its results can be used to prepare educational and methodological materials for educational workers of various levels in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: education; digitalization; teacher; functional literacy; practical skills

Mask Usage and Handling of Face Mask in Rural Health and Training Center

Background: The mask is defined as a cloth mask, medical mask, and N95 respiratory worn over the face, covering the bridge of the nose, mouth, and chin. Correct use of masks is essential. Mask usage is an important concern when visiting high-risk area as hospitals where the risk of cross-contamination is predominant. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of mask usage among patients attending the Rural Health and Training Center (RHTC). The aim of this study was to assess the association of mask usage with sociodemographic factors among patients attending RHTC and to determine the handling of face masks among patients attending RHTC. Methods: The study was directed to 287 patients in the outpatients. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, sociodemographic characteristics and mask usage details were collected from the study participants. Results: The prevalence of mask usage was 68.3%. The usage of mask was significantly higher among females (OD = 1.383, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.836–2.286, P = 0.206), younger individuals (OD = 2.569, 95% CI = 1.423–4.636, P = 0.206), literate individuals (OD = 4.073, 95% CI = 2.040–6.892), employed (OD = 2.256, 95% CI = 1.292–3.940, P = 0.013), and upper and middle socioeconomic class (OD = 3.764, 95% CI = 2.219–6.385, P = 2.219–6.385). Handling of face mask with proper wearing and disposal were 18.5% and 25.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of mask usage was observed to be 68.3%. The study results emphasize that mask usage is a primordial prevention and mode of intervention as health education and specific protection in the general population would necessarily improve compliance and flatten the epidemiological curve.

Indonesian higher education students’ perception on critical literacy

Critical literacy is a crucial aspect of education that empowers individuals to analyse, interpret, and evaluate texts critically. Despite its significance, the integration of critical literacy in the Indonesian higher education system remains limited. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the perceptions of Indonesian higher education students about critical literacy. The research question guiding this study is: What are the perceptions of Indonesian higher education students regarding critical literacy and its importance in the context of their academic and professional development? The study employs a qualitative research design using the single-case study method. Data collection is conducted through interviews, and the data is analysed using case study analysis techniques. The study takes place in an English language education program at a private university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, which prioritises critical literacy in its curriculum. The findings of this study contributed to the understanding of how Indonesian higher education students perceive and engage with critical literacy and inform strategies to promote critical literacy skills among students. Ultimately, it aims to cultivate a generation of critically literate individuals who can actively engage in social, cultural, and professional contexts, contributing to the development of a knowledgeable and empowered society.

The Relation of Sleep Characteristics and Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA)

Introduction: The rise in the elderly population has brought attention to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Sleep disorders also affect many older adults, indicating an important area of research for disturbed sleep and faster brain aging. This population-based study aimed to investigate the association of several sleep indicators with cognitive performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study focused on adults over 50 in the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging (ACSA). MCI was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Abbreviated Mental Test score (AMTS) in literate and illiterate individuals. Sleep characteristics were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Berlin questionnaire. The logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. Results: Overall, 3,380 literate and 1,558 illiterate individuals were included. In both groups, participants with MCI had a significantly higher PSQI global score (p < 0.05). Also, among the literate individuals, a significantly higher risk of having sleep-disordered breathing and poor sleep quality was observed in participants with MCI (p < 0.05). In illiterate individuals, higher sleep latency than 15 min increased odds of MCI (p < 0.05). However, after adjusting for all variables, only literate individuals with a sleep duration of more than 8 h had 66 percent increased odds of having MCI (p = 0.033). Conclusion: Sleep duration might be associated with cognitive function in the older Iranian population. Our findings underscore the importance of considering sleep patterns in relation to cognitive health.

The Enhanced Literate Mind Hypothesis.

In the present paper, we describe the Enhanced Literate Mind (ELM) hypothesis. As individuals learn to read and write, they are, from then on, exposed to extensive written-language input and become literate. We propose that acquisition and proficient processing of written language ("literacy") leads to, both, increased language knowledge as well as enhanced language and nonlanguage (perceptual and cognitive) skills. We also suggest that all neurotypical native language users, including illiterate, low literate, and high literate individuals, share a Basic Language Cognition (BLC) in the domain of oral informal language. Finally, we discuss the possibility that the acquisition of ELM leads to some degree of "knowledge parallelism" between BLC and ELM in literate language users, which has implications for empirical research on individual and situational differences in spoken language processing.

Trust in the central bank, financial literacy, and personal beliefs

This paper examines trust in the central bank across ten Central, Eastern and Southeastern European countries, using survey data collected from 61,398 individuals. Our results show that financially literate individuals are more likely to trust central banks. The association is stronger in countries with inflation targeting and flexible exchange rates regimes. Distrust in the central bank is associated with higher inflation expectations, savings in foreign currency or a preference for cash. Even when the sample is restricted to individuals with high inflation expectations, financial literacy remains associated with greater trust in the central bank. We find that trust in the central bank correlates negatively with financial inclusion but positively with wealth. Financially literate citizens express less trust in the government, which highlights that trust in the central bank is not entirely indicative of trust in the government. However, individuals who think that prices will rise and the local currency will depreciate distrust both the central bank and the government.

The Impact of Interactive Mass Media in Voters' Education for the 2023 General Election in Nigeria: Overcoming Challenges and Fostering Informed DecisionMaking

This paper explores the significant role of mass media in voters' education, focusing on its potential impact on the upcoming 2023 general election in Nigeria. Drawing on the Agenda Setting Theory and the capabilities of interactive communication, the study examines how mass media can effectively bring issues to the forefront of public attention, fostering engagement and understanding among diverse audiences. The inclusive nature of various mass media outlets, coupled with technological advancements enabling interactive features, presents a promising avenue for overcoming barriers in educating both literate and non-literate individuals. However, challenges such as perception biases, rural disparities, and practical hindrances must be addressed to fully unlock the potential of mass media in voters' education. The paper emphasizes the need for high-quality, carefully crafted messages delivered through collaboration among media organizations and relevant stakeholders to ensure the success of voters' education initiatives. Keywords: Mass media, Voters' education, 2023 general election, Agenda Setting Theory, Interactive communication, Inclusive approach and Perception biases

Perceived causes and stigmatization of tuberculosis among Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a pressing public health issue in many developing countries, with India having the highest number of cases. Lack of awareness and stigmatization of TB remains a significant barrier to addressing this challenge. This paper examines the perceived causes and stigma associated with TB among Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. MethodsThe study employed a mixed research approach, involving 106 TB patients (both pulmonary and extrapulmonary), both current and retrospective cases, from the Apatani tribe in Ziro valley, Arunachal Pradesh. Participants were selected from all the seven traditionally divided villages using purposive sampling. Semi-structured pre-tested schedules were used to conduct interviews with the patients. ResultsAmong participants, 29.24% attributed TB to transmission, 34.91% had alternative explanations, and 35.85% remained uncertain about the causes. Notably, more Pulmonary TB patients reported transmission as the cause. A 10.75% higher likelihood of having misconceptions was observed among males. Literate individuals had 13.27% greater chance of being aware, although, higher education levels did not consistently follow this trend. Perceived stigmatization was evident mainly due to the contagious nature of the disease. ConclusionA significant knowledge gap was evident among TB patients, with very few having a clear understanding of the causes of this disease. Gender differences in this regard were minimal. Literate individuals were more likely to understand the causes. Additionally, perceived stigmatization was a notable concern in the study.

Pemberdayaan Siswa dalam Pengolahan Sampah Organik menjadi Pupuk Kompos untuk Menanamkan Literasi Lingkungan

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Education needs to play a role in overcoming environmental problems by forming environmentally literate individuals. Environmentally literate individuals are individuals who are responsible for their behavior, respect the environment, and understand the problems that occur in the environment. Therefore, environmental literacy needs to be instilled and trained from an early age. It is known that students are not aware of various environmental problems, and efforts to preserve the environment, environmental education has not been integrated into classroom learning, and the absence of waste management practices in schools makes students' environmental literacy low. The methods used in PKM include (a) case studies and discussions, and (b) the practice of making compost and using it to fertilize plants. PKM activities begin with contracts and at the end of the activity, an evaluation is carried out to find out the achievements of PKM implementation. PKM activities were carried out in two partner schools namely SD Muhammadiyah 2 Alternative and SD Negeri Keramat 5 Magelang. Participants who are students from the two partner schools have understood environmental issues, and waste management as an effort to preserve the environment, and are skilled in processing organic waste into compost. Participants showed interest and enthusiasm during the PKM activities.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Evaluation of the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of school-age children on oral and dental health

Aims: It is essential to teach children behaviors about oral and dental health in the early period. This study aimed to evaluate school-age children's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about oral and dental health. Methods: The population of this research consists of 782 school-age literate individuals who applied to the Fırat University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics. A questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was administered to the participants. Results: 45.5% of the participants were boys, and 54.5% were girls. The mean age of the participants was 10.53±1.95. While 42.7% of the participants answered in the morning and before going to bed, 24.7% stated that they did not brush regularly. The rate of those who indicated that they touched only in the morning was 11.6%, and those who said that they brushed only in the evening was 21.6%. Also, "When do you brush your teeth?" there is a significant difference in the answers given among the participants based on their gender (p&amp;lt;0.05). The female participants answered that they brush their teeth in the morning and before bed at a higher rate than the male participants. In addition, 77.9% of the female and 70.5% of the male participants think that routine dental check-ups should be done before our teeth hurt. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was seen that the individual's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors on oral and dental health were similar to other studies in the literature. We think the behaviors taught to school-age children about oral and dental health can be effective throughout an individual's life.

Correlação espacial: padrão heterogêneo de mortalidade por covid-19 no Brasil

ABSTRACT This ecological study analyzed the spatial correlation between socioeconomic and demographic indicators and deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazil. The independent variables covered population, sex, age, race, literacy, and Gini index, while the dependent variable was COVID-19 mortality. Socioeconomic and demographic data were obtained from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey, and data on COVID-19 cases and deaths were obtained from the Ministry of Health website. The analysis included the calculation of univariate and bivariate Global Moran’s Indices. The results revealed a significant spatial correlation of the independent variables with COVID-19 mortality. A moderate positive correlation stands out for literate individuals aged 20 to 59 years. Therefore, there is an association between socioeconomic factors and COVID-19 mortality, with variations between Brazilian states. This conclusion highlights the need to implement intersectoral measures to ensure universal access to health and allocate resources equitably across states.

Causation, Types and Outcome of Road Traffic-related Ocular Injury in University of Llorin, Kwara, Nigeria

Introduction: Despite transportation liberating man and making him mobile, his increasing reliance on vehicular movement has conferred great facilities on him and his activities. The most profound culprit of all modes of transport is the road, of which traffic accidents are the most disturbing consequence of its use. Road traffic-related ocular injuries often have severe consequences and form a significant part of ophthalmic emergencies. These injuries may be missed and are therefore often underreported. Aim: To determine the causation, types, and outcomes of road traffic-related ocular injuries at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 78 eyes of consecutive patients with road trafficrelated ocular injuries who presented at the Accident and Emergency unit of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Kwara, Algeria, between September 2012 and August 2013. The materials included the HOTV chart for vision assessment, which is a standardised, easy-to-use assessment method for both literate and illiterate individuals, a pen torch, direct ophthalmoscope, binocular indirect ophthalmoscope, slit lamp biomicroscope, Perkins tonometer, 2% fluorescein strip, 0.5% GuttTetracaine, and a handheld portable slit lamp ophthalmoscope. Patients’ demographics, duration of ocular injury before presentation, Visual Acuity (VA) at presentation, type of vehicle, place of injury, classification of ocular injury, treatment, and outcome on follow-up were recorded. Results: There were 78 eyes (72 patients) with road trafficrelated ocular injuries. The age range of the subjects was 3-55 years with a mean of 31.10 years. Forty-four (61.1%) patients were young men between 20-39 years. Fifty-one (70.8%) patients were males, and 21 (29.2%) were females, with a maleto-female ratio of 2.4:1. Most of the victims were traders (22, 30.6%), and fifty-two eyes (72.2%) presented within 12 hours of ocular injury. Motorcycles were associated with ocular injury in 37 (51.4%) patients. The most common injuries were of closed globe type (contusion, lamellar laceration, superficial foreign body) in 70 patients (89.7%). Conclusion: Road traffic-related injuries have increased over the past eight years in Nigeria. Males are more commonly injured in Road Traffic Injury (RTI), and motorcycles were the most common cause of injury to road users. Three out of 36 people injured in a vehicle at the time of injury used seat belts, while none of the riders and passengers on motorcycles wore helmets. The importance of prevention, the use of safety devices, and the avoidance of risk behaviors on the road need to be emphasised.

Prevalence and associated factors of mild cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: Results of the first phase of Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging.

Data on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in low- to middle-income countries are still being determined, despite the fact that most future older adults are expected to reside in these regions. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of MCI in Iran. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 4938 community-dwelling subjects aged 50 years or above in the first wave of the Ardakan Cohort Study on Aging. MCI was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) in literate and illiterate individuals. The relationship between factors associated with the odds of MCI was assessed through logistic regression. The prevalence of MCI among all participants, the literates and illiterates, was 15.8%, 6.3%, and 36.4%, respectively. It was found that failure to accomplish any of the MMSE or AMTS items was significantly related to MCI (p < 0.001). Age ([odds ratio (OR): 1.05; p < 0.001 in the literates], [OR: 1.06; p < 0.001 in the illiterates]), sex (OR: 0.13; p < 0.001 in the illiterates), history of stroke ([OR: 2.86; p = 0.006 in the literates], [OR: 2.04; p = 0.045 in the illiterates]), and depression ([OR: 1.87; p < 0.001 in the literates], [OR: 1.41; p = 0.008 in the illiterates]) were significantly associated with MCI. This study highlights the significant associations between age, education, depression, stroke, and MCI in Iranian participants. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions in low-literacy populations, mental health screening, and stroke prevention strategies to mitigate the burden of MCI and enhance cognitive health.

Portuguese version of the Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) instrument in the evaluation of individuals aged 50 years or older with Itabaianinha syndrome.

Individuals with congenital isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) in Northeastern Brazil have a normal lifespan with a prolonged healthspan. We hypothesize that their increased healthspan is accompanied by a reduced cognitive decline during aging. We have recently shown that these individuals have a similar total cognitive function and better attention and executive function than controls. These data were obtained using a Portuguese version of the Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) instrument, whose translation to facilitate cognitive research in Portuguese-speaking countries is described here. In the first stage, a psychologist and a psychiatrist translated the LICA instrument from English into Portuguese, and an English teacher proofread the translation. The second stage included its synthesis and cultural adaptation, carried out by Brazilian authors, and changes in some words and images. The third stage involved an evaluation round with two referees (independent psychologists). The fourth stage involved a back translation of the instrument, which demonstrated > 95% agreement with the original version. The fifth stage included a study to verify the understanding of the questionnaire by responders. In the sixth stage, an endocrinologist and a psychiatrist approved the final Portuguese version of the instrument, which was then administered to 15 individuals with IGHD and 15 controls older than 50 years. The LICA instrument was applied 59 times (5 times in the pilot study, 24 in the variability studies, and 30 in the experimental step). The interobserver and intraobserver variabilities were 99% and 96%, respectively. Cronbach's alpha was 0.76, indicating good reliability. The mean (± standard deviation) duration of the application was 39 ± 8.6 and 48.5 ± 5.8 minutes in literate and illiterate individuals, respectively. The Portuguese version of the LICA instrument was valuable for the cognitive assessment of individuals with Itabaianinha syndrome.