Source Material Research Articles

Recovering, reimagining or reinventing Elizabeth Macarthur in speculative biography

ABSTRACT This investigation of four biographical narratives on the same person, all published since 2018 and inspired by the same epistolary corpus, demonstrates differences in authorial purpose and reader expectation across the ‘speculative spectrum’ of biographical interpretation. The subject, Elizabeth Macarthur, arrived in New South Wales in 1790. Two of the texts are works of historical scholarship, with apublishers’ classification non-fiction biography. The other two are published as novels. The authors’ differing purposes, their interpretations and their stylistic treatments of the same source material, provide an illustrative demonstration of the narrative functions of biography and biofiction. This essay examines the depiction of Elizabeth Macarthur’s life in the four texts to highlight the differences between scholarly biographies and biofictions from the perspective of their writing practices. It examines their use of speculation and literary devices and how these are signposted to the reader by evaluating the authors’ engagement with archival sources, their use of empathy and projection and their narrative techniques. It questions how biofiction can supplement or supplant traditional biography.

LmRaC: a functionally extensible tool for LLM interrogation of user experimental results.

Large Language Models (LLMs) have provided spectacular results across a wide variety of domains. However, persistent concerns about hallucination and fabrication of authoritative sources raise serious issues for their integral use in scientific research. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique for making data and documents, otherwise unavailable during training, available to the LLM for reasoning tasks. In addition to making dynamic and quantitative data available to the LLM, RAG provides the means by which to carefully control and trace source material, thereby ensuring results are accurate, complete and authoritative. Here we introduce LmRaC, an LLM-based tool capable of answering complex scientific questions in the context of a user's own experimental results. LmRaC allows users to dynamically build domain specific knowledge-bases from PubMed sources (RAGdom). Answers are drawn solely from this RAG with citations to the paragraph level, virtually eliminating any chance of hallucination or fabrication. These answers can then be used to construct an experimental context (RAGexp) that, along with user supplied documents (e.g., design, protocols) and quantitative results, can be used to answer questions about the user's specific experiment. Questions about quantitative experimental data are integral to LmRaC and are supported by a user-defined and functionally extensible REST API server (RAGfun). Detailed documentation for LmRaC along with a sample REST API server for defining user functions can be found at https://github.com/dbcraig/LmRaC. The LmRaC web application image can be pulled from Docker Hub (https://hub.docker.com) as dbcraig/lmrac.

Abstract A006: Development of a circulating tumor cell-derived cancer organoid platform for drug screening against metastatic tumors and longitudinal monitoring of drug resistance

Abstract Metastatic disease remains the primary cause of cancer-related deaths, presenting a significant challenge in oncology drug development. Current drug screening efforts often rely on cell lines or primary tumor-derived models, which may not adequately mimic the behavior of metastatic tumors. To address this, we aimed to develop a system that more accurately reflects metastatic tumors for improved drug screening. We leveraged a specialized culture platform featuring patented coated plates and proprietary media developed by AcroCyte (Taiwan) to cultivate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) into cancer organoids without pre-selection or enrichment. Building on our previous work, where we successfully cultivated CTCs from fresh blood and cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from renal, colon, and lung cancer patients into cancer organoids, we have now demonstrated the ability to freeze these CTC- derived organoids and thaw them for new culture when needed. We also present new data extending this success to breast and prostate cancers. CTCs from five frozen PBMC samples from breast cancer patients and three from prostate cancer patients formed visible colonies, with positive immunostaining for EpCAM, cytokeratin, and CD44. The immune cells in the PBMC samples gradually died off within three weeks of culture, as confirmed by the absence of CD45- positive cells. Interestingly, CTC-derived organoids from breast and prostate cancers did not form the spheroids observed in renal, colon, and lung cancer models. Instead, they appeared as colonies or clusters of CTCs. After 6-8 weeks of active growth, these clusters exhibited a slower growth rate, although they remained viable in the proprietary culture system. We are actively evaluating various culture media supplements, tailored to breast and prostate cancers, to extend the active growth period of these CTC-derived organoids for longer durations. Importantly, these CTC-derived colonies retained drug sensitivity, demonstrating the system's potential for effective drug screening against metastatic tumors. Our platform now supports organoid development from renal, colon, lung, breast, and prostate cancers, and we are actively expanding to include all major solid tumors. Since this technology uses blood, which can be obtained non-invasively, it enables longitudinal monitoring of CTCs as a functional liquid biopsy. Additionally, frozen PBMCs can be used as a source material for CTCs, and the resulting organoids can be utilized for drug sensitivity testing. This platform could be instrumental in oncology drug development and holds promise for monitoring emerging drug resistance in clinical trials by analyzing PBMC samples collected before and after treatment, offering a functional liquid biopsy-based approach to aid in developing therapies targeting metastatic disease. Citation Format: Yi-chun Han, David Hsieh, Ruobo Zhang, Emily Miyashita-Lin, Shian-Jiun Shih. Development of a circulating tumor cell-derived cancer organoid platform for drug screening against metastatic tumors and longitudinal monitoring of drug resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr A006.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDIVIDUAL BALLISTIC PROTECTION MEANS USED IN THE RUSSO-UKRAINIAN WAR

The present scientific paper presents a comparative analysis of the different types of individual ballistic protection devices, particularly focusing on body armor used in the high-intensity conflict between Russia and Ukraine. With the advancement of technologies and the introduction of new tactics in modern conflicts, losses of personnel significantly increased. The use of effective individual ballistic protection devices substantially reduces these losses. The report examines the following parameters to compare different types of body armor: class of ballistic protection, weight, protective area, and comfort in use. To conduct the analysis, available literary sources, military reports, and feedback from the personnel of the countries involved in the conflict were studied.

Multimodal Representations of the American Dream Theme: A Comparative Analysis of The Great Gatsby in Film and Novel

This research analyzes the film adaptation of The Great Gatsby and its written text. It aims to examine the film adaptation through the perspective of multimodal analysis to determine how it expands or contracts the viewersꞌ comprehension of the complex themes and characters from the source material. Another goal is to determine the effect of the use of multimodal elements in the film on viewersꞌ engagement compared to the capacity of text to achieve the same function. According to this research hypothesis, the film adaptation of The Great Gatsby relies heavily on multimodal modes of communication to convey themes, character development, and emotions, influencing its viewers more than the textual descriptions do. Bateman and Schmidt's (2011) model, which includes paradigmatic and syntagmatic analysis, underpins the evaluation of the film. A thematic sample was selected for the multimodality analysis to compare the novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald to the film version directed by Baz Luhrmann in 2013, featuring Leonardo DiCaprio and Carey Mulligan. This research finds that the film adaptation presents a distinct interpretation of the American Dream compared to that of the novel. Fitzgerald's work conveys ideas through introspective narration and lush, descriptive language, allowing for a more nuanced and personal understanding of the American Dream.

The Extended Life Course in Ancient Athens

Extended life course theory proposes that identities do not have to be embodied, meaning that the as-yet-unborn and the dead can have identities and personhood. Children are an apt case study for exploring whether societies envision identity extending beyond embodied existence, because non-adults exist towards the beginning of the life course and should they die before adulthood they have some predictable transformations outstanding. Literary sources indicate ancient Athenian ontology acknowledged extended life courses that deviated from embodied ones. Literary sources, burials, gravestones and painted pottery demonstrate juveniles existed both before birth and after death, and could retain prolonged identities following the latter. More rarely, their identities could be projected, moving juveniles further along the normative life course than they had corporeally experienced. This article argues that a social impetus for projecting identity in ancient Athens was acknowledging exceptional lost potential.

TRANSLATION METHODS OF THE SONG "SPEECHLESS" INTO THE INDONESIAN VERSION "BUNGKAM" FROM THE SOUNDTRACK OF THE ALADDIN MOVIE

This study explores the translation of the song "Speechless" from Disney's Aladdin into the Indonesian version "Bungkam." Song translation is essential in connecting diverse cultures and allowing audiences to experience music in their native languages. It involves more than just converting words; it requires understanding cultural nuances and emotional depth. The research focuses on the methods used by translator Asmi Nurais, applying Peter Newmark's translation theories as a framework. The findings reveal that significant changes in imagery and phrasing reflect cultural adaptation, making the song more relatable to Indonesian listeners. Nurais employed a Free Translation method, prioritizing the song's themes of empowerment and emotional expression over strict adherence to the original lyrics. This approach ensures that the essence of the song is preserved while making it accessible to a new audience. This study contributes to the field of musical translation studies by highlighting the complexities involved in adapting lyrics for different cultural contexts. It emphasizes the role of translators as cultural mediators who navigate between languages and meanings. By showcasing the balance between fidelity to the source material and the need for cultural relevance, this research enriches our understanding of song translation. Ultimately, it underscores the importance of creative adaptation in making music resonate across borders, fostering emotional connections among listeners from different backgrounds.

A possible alternative to antibacterial therapy in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis

High incidence of acute rhinosinusitis in a population remains one of the topical issues in practical otolaryngology. Statistical data show an increasing trend towards transition of acute rhinosinusitis in patients into chronic rhinosinusitis. According to literary sources, the emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is as a rule the major reason of protracted course of the disease. Unreasonable antibiotics prescription, irrational use and uncontrolled intake result in the rapid development of antibiotic resistance. In this context, the use of herbal medicines having not only antibacterial, but also mucolytic, fungicidal, antioxidant effects in the complex therapy is a modern solution for disease management. Respero Myrtol, a standardized myrtol-based medicine, has taken its rightful place in the therapy. This article is aimed to investigate the possibilities of the effective use of medicine containing standardized myrtol as its main ingredient in the treatment of acute rhinosinusitis (based on the review of literature). Research materials included scientific articles on aspects of acute rhinosinusitis in otorhinolaryngology practice that were published in domestic specialized periodicals of eLIBRARY and scientific databases Scopus, Web of Science, Medline from 2014 to 2024. The published literature was analysed using the cause-and-effect technique. A clinical example was dis-cussed. With regard to the analysis of scientific literature, a brief overview of the epidemiology, etiology, predisposing factors for the development, diagnosis and treatment of acute rhinosinusitis was provided. The article addresses relevant socio-economic issues related to acute rhinosinusitis, the problem of antibiotic resistance. The issues of improving acute rhinosinusitis treatments using a standardized myrtol medicine in complex therapy as an alternative to antibiotic therapy were brought to attention. As a result, the authors concluded that the use of Respero Myrtol contributes to the rapid relief of clinical symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis, improves the patient’s quality of life, and can be advised as an alternative to antibiotic therapy in uncomplicated course of the disease.

Detecting and Reducing Gender Bias in Spanish Texts Generated with ChatGPT and Mistral Chatbots: The Lovelace Project

Current Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems can effortlessly and instantaneously generate text, images, songs, and videos. This capability will lead us to a future where a significant portion of available information will be partially or wholly generated by AI. In this context, it is crucial to ensure that AI-generated texts and images do not perpetuate or exacerbate existing gender biases. We examined the behavior of two common AI chatbots, ChatGPT and Mistral, when generating text in Spanish, both in terms of language inclusiveness and perpetuation of traditional male/female roles. Our analysis revealed that both tools demonstrated relatively low gender bias in terms of reinforcing traditional gender roles but exhibited higher gender bias concerning language inclusiveness, at least in the Spanish language. Additionally, although ChatGPT showed lower overall gender bias than Mistral, Mistral provided users with more control to modify its behavior through prompt modifiers. As a final conclusion, while both AIs exhibit some degree of gender bias in their responses, this bias is significantly lower than the gender bias present in their human-authored source materials.

Забутий геноцид: як шведські шкільні підручники історії розповідають про Голодомор

This article explores how Swedish school history textbooks address the famine-genocide of 1932–1933 in Ukraine. By analyzing how this historical event is represented in educational materials, the article aims to determine the extent to which the Holodomor is acknowledged, contextualized, and explained within the broader narrative of Soviet interwar history presented to Swedish students. The source material consists of textbooks used in Swedish schools, ranging from lower secondary to upper secondary education. 20 textbooks were reviewed, and interviews were conducted with six teachers and one author. It underscores the practical importance of accurately representing the Holodomor within history education, particularly in terms of the consequences of insufficient education about past genocides and crimes against humanity. The article highlights challenges within the Swedish education system, including curricular limitations, limited resources, and the prioritization of events like the Holocaust and the Gulag over the Holodomor, shedding light on how these factors could influence students’ understanding of historical events and the broader context of past atrocities. The article reveals that, while the Holodomor is mentioned in some literature, it is only briefly addressed, with the Gulag instead becoming symbolic of communism’s crimes against humanity. As one teacher suggested, there may be a geographical perspective at play, prompting more focus on events closer to home. A noticeable trend over time also emerges in school literature, with more recent publications being more likely to address the Holodomor using accurate terminology, while older works tend to avoid it. Additionally, there is a tendency to explain the Holodomor, when mentioned, as a result of poor economic planning (i.e., communism) rather than as a deliberate act driven by ethnic hatred toward Ukrainians within the framework of Russian imperialism. In fact, no Swedish schoolbooks clearly present the Holodomor as a genocide. Consequently, this report identifies three possible outcomes: 1) the Holodomor is not mentioned at all, 2) mass starvation is referenced but not as the Holodomor, or 3) the Holodomor is acknowledged but explained primarily as a result of forced collectivization in Soviet agriculture rather than an outcome of Russian imperialism or ethnic hatred aimed at eliminating Ukrainians as a people. Thus, a portrayal of the Holodomor as both an event in its own right and as genocide could not be demonstrated, nor was any such literature found. Keywords: History, Holodomor, Genocide Education, History Didactics, Soviet History, Ukraine, Sweden

In-Situ Preparation of Iron(II)-phthalocyanine@multi-Walled-CNTs Nanocomposite for Quasi-Solid-State Flexible Symmetric Supercapacitors with Long Cycling Life.

The construction of supercapacitor electrode materials with exceptional performance is crucial to the commercialisation of flexible supercapacitors. Here, a novel in-situ precipitation technique was applied for constructing iron(II)-phthalocyanine (FePc) based nanocomposite as the electrode material in quasi-solid-state flexible supercapacitors. The highly redox-active FePc nanostructures were grown in the multi-walled-CNTs (MWCNTs) networks, which shows convenient electron/electrolyte ion transport pathways along with outstanding structural stability, leading to high energy storage and long cycling life. The electrode of FePc@MWCNTs delivered a higher specific capacity than that of individual MWCNTs and FePc. The quasi-solid-state symmetric flexible device that was constructed using FePc@MWCNTs electrode demonstrated impressive performance with a maximum energy density of 29.7 Wh kg-1 and a maximum power density of 4000 W kg-1. Moreover, the device demonstrated superior durability and flexibility, as evidenced by its exceptional cyclic stability (111.3 %) even after 30000 cycles at 8 A g-1. These results reveal that the FePc@MWCNTs nanocomposite prepared by this simple in-situ precipitation method is promising as electrode material for next-generation flexible wearable power sources.

Tymphaia(ns): Molossian(s) or Macedonian(s)?

The Tymphaians, like the Orestai, were considered as Molossian tribes by the end of the sixth century BC. One should not make the common mistake of interpreting the Macedonian expansion in these areas with the help of much later literary sources depicting the conditions in these areas under Roman rule, especially those of the Roman province of Macedonia, thus ignoring the earlier sources; therefore, one should not include Tymphaia in the “original” Macedonian regions. Tymphaia was incorporated in the Macedonian kingdom after 351 or 342 by Philip II, thus becoming thereafter an integral part of Macedonia and the theater of crucial decisions regarding the Macedonian throne. The preexisting institutions of the Tymphaians were not abolished after this incorporation. Their characterization as “Macedonians” by Arrian is related to the political use of the “national” adjective “Macedonians”, i.e., subjects of the Macedonian king. The tribal organization of the region must also have played an important role in the perception of the Tymphaians by the southern Greeks. In this context, one can only admit one’s inability to proceed to further suggestions or assumptions, as the surviving written testimonies are scarce. Perhaps, vital in this direction will be the data given to the historians through the archaeological excavations conducted in the area and the possible identification of the settlements mentioned in the scarce literary sources.

ПРОЄКТНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНИХ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЙ БАКАЛАВРА СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ (ХІМІЯ)

The purpose of the article is to find out the possibilities of using project technology in the educational process on a competency-based basis by students of higher education. The article clarifies the essence and task of applying project methods in professional pedagogical training. The peculiarities and practical value of the project method for the formation of professional competences of future chemistry teachers are revealed. Literary sources on the use of project methods in educational institutions of various levels were analyzed. The stages of creating practice-oriented projects are indicated: preparatory (theoretical), adaptation, search, activity (practical), final. The relationship between project activities of bachelors and the formation of their professional competence is shown. An approximate extended plan of the methodical project is given. The role of pedagogical practice in the acquisition of professional and methodical competences in the application of the project "Methodology and technology for studying the topic "The structure of the atom" developed by student-interns is outlined. Periodic law and periodic system of chemical elements" in the 8th grade. Considerable attention is paid to the protection of pedagogical practice, which examines the results of implementing the developed project into the educational process by future chemistry teachers. The requirements regarding the readiness of future teachers to carry out the educational process in chemistry are taken into account when reporting on the completion of pedagogical practice. It was found that the project technology is an invariant component in the educational process in the training of specialists in the specialty of Secondary Education (Chemistry) and ensures the integration of scientific-theoretical and practical (acquiring experience) training of the future chemistry teacher. Involvement of students in the development of long-term and personal projects ensures the full formation of professional competencies in accordance with the requirements of the educational and professional program «Secondary Education (Chemistry)».

Health-preserving physical culture and wellness competences as an important condition for ensuring and spreading a high level of public health (methodological aspects)

WHO indicates that the purpose of actions aimed at strengthening public health protection is to ensure conditions under which people can remain healthy, able to strengthen health and well-being, and prevent deterioration of health. However, in the basic documents, there is no place for health-preserving physical culture and health-improving competencies of a person in the system of general efforts. The aim of the work is to reveal the need and place of health-preserving physical culture and wellness competencies of a person as a condition for ensuring and spreading a high level of public health in Ukraine. Material and methods. The study was organized at the Dnipro State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports, the Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology, the National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” (all in Dnipro) and the Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University. The used methods of theoretical research were: study and generalization of data from domestic and foreign official and literary sources, as well as abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Results. Conceptual principles and didactic technology of physical education of a non-professional physical education (NpPhE), with an emphasis on strengthening the general cultural component of the educational component “Physical education” in higher education, aimed at eliminating existing shortcomings. Provided with pedagogical technology, NpPhE contributes to the formation of the building blocks of one’s own health. And the system of effective pedagogical mechanisms of NpPhE is significantly different from the provision of information about health, which is the subject of modern valeology. In this context, the development of conceptual directions of creative valeology is relevant, as a means of supporting a person’s creativity in a safe effect on health. Namely, the formation in institutions of higher education of the builders of their own health. Conclusions. A system of pedagogical mechanisms is proposed, which is significantly different from just providing information about human health as a benefit/harm of influences and actions, which is what valeology is focused on. This is a prerequisite for the formation and development of creative concepts of modern valeology based on the improvement of cultural and practical components of the educational component “Physical education” in the conditions of a higher education institution for specialists who take care of building their own health from specialties related to civilians. In conditions where the majority of their graduates are engaged not in physical, but intellectual work, the further implementation of approaches related to professional-applied physical training for professional activities is something that it is time to abandon.

Bibliometric analysis of scientific literature on the use of suppositories in the treatment of prostate cancer patients

Nowadays, cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. Statistical data from various literary sources indicate that more than 130,000 people in Ukraine receive this diagnosis as a sentence every year. Cancer can affect any organs of the human body and, over time, the entire organism. In 2024, the agency of the World Health Organization on cancer and the International Agency of Cancer Research published the latest statistical estimates of this pathology in a global format, where prostate cancer is among the five most common oncological pathologies and takes the fourth place. Oncological diseases are one of the priority areas of healthcare development in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 1832 dated 07.10.2022 “On Approval of Priority Areas of Healthcare Development for 2023–2025”. It was this fact that determined the choice of the direction of this research in the matter of finding information on the provision of pharmaceutical care, namely the use of a drug – a rectal suppository for the treatment of prostate cancer. The aim of the work is to carry out a bibliometric analysis and further generalize the data of the scientific literature to study the prognostic value and features of the prescription of suppositories in the treatment of prostate cancer. Materials and methods. The data search was conducted in the PubMed electronic database using the following key terms: “prostate cancer and suppositories”, “prostate cancer”. To monitor and analyze international scientific research, with the help of visualization tools and modern SciVal citation metrics using the online platform, bibliometric analysis can be performed. Using the VOSviewer functional program, bibliometric networks were constructed and visualized. Results. A map of the relationships between the most used keywords on the topics of “prostate cancer” and “prostate cancer and suppositories”, grouped into clusters for the period from 1986 to 2024, was built. The clustering of the most used keywords on the subject of “prostate cancer” for the specified period is summarized. According to the bibliographic analysis, interest in the above topic was highest in 2014 and 2021. Conclusions. According to the bibliographic analysis, the interest in the subject of the patients’ treatment with prostate cancer disease continues to grow from 1998 up to the present. The analysis of publication activity using the visualization tool of bibliometric networks VOSviewer for the period from 2014 to 2024 for the key words “prostate cancer” has shown the presence of 14 clusters. The largest cluster is devoted to modern methods of prostate cancer treatment, studies of gene rearrangement, target therapy, carcinogenesis.

ON THE ISSUE OF DESIGNING WEAVES OF TWO-HOLLOW FABRICS WITH LINING BASES

The article analyses works devoted to the development of design methods for warp-pile fabrics with lining, which showed that methods for calculating the parameters and algorithms for constructing such weaves are absent in known literary sources. The authors propose a method for designing weaves of two-piece warp-pile fabrics with lining bases, with the possibility of their production on a loom with single-shed and double-shed weaving methods. An algorithm for construction has been developed, formulas for calculating the parameters of weaves have been proposed, allowing increasing the thickness, strengthen the structure and increase the service life of warp-pile fabrics. An example of constructing a filling pattern of a two-piece warp-pile fabric with lining bases with single-shed and double-shed weaving methods is given. Velvets, plush, artificial fur and carpets with cut pile are produced according to the considered technology.

МЕДИКО-БІОЛОГІЧНІ ОСНОВИ ВПЛИВУ ФІЗИЧНИХ ВПРАВ НА ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЗДОРОВ’Я СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ

The article examines the medical and biological basis of the influence of physical exercises on the health of student youth. Literary sources related to the topic of the study were analyzed. The problem is described in its general form, which concerns the way of life of modern student youth. It is noted that only in-depth knowledge of the medical and biological influence will help to form students' desire and motivation to engage in physical exercises, as well as to observe the basics of a healthy lifestyle. The morpho-functional changes occurring in the human body during physical exercises are revealed. The division of the organism's reserves into biological and social is presented. The functional effects of exercises on life expectancy is described. A comparative analysis of the influence of motor activity and hypokinesia on the human body was carried out. The basics of adaptation of individual body systems to physical exertion are revealed, namely: changes in the composition and physicochemical properties of blood and the circulatory system, functional effects of adaptation of the respiratory system, features of adaptation of the digestive and metabolic systems, as well as functional effects of adaptation of neurohumoral regulation systems. In the process of research, it was concluded that it is difficult to overestimate the medical and biological impact of physical exercises on the process of preserving the health of student youth, since physical activity affects the human body in a complex way, on all its systems, processes of exchange and accumulation of functional reserves. It was concluded that with the help of physical exercises you can achieve many positive effects and affect the overall life expectancy of a person. Prospects for further research in this direction are seen in determining the level of awareness of student youth in the issues of medical and biological bases of the influence of physical exercises on preserving their own health, as well as finding new approaches for working with students in this direction in order to achieve the formation of sustainable motivation for physical activities exercises and adherence to the basics of a healthy lifestyle.

Caucasian Albania

Abstract This review article presents the newly released international handbook on Caucasian Albania, which provides a comprehensive academic examination of the history, ethnic formation, archaeology, culture, art, language and literature of this ancient kingdom. Featuring contributions from leading scholars, the handbook offers a diverse array of perspectives, encompassing ancient literary sources and contemporary events.

The Implementation of Environmental Criteria into the Public Procurement System in Russia

Introduction: based on the analysis of the achieved level of formal institutionalization of “green” public procurement in the Russian legislation, the paper substantiates the need to introduce environmental criteria. Purpose: to investigate the specifics of the implementation of environmental criteria into public procurement in Russia. Methods: the analysis of literary and scientific sources, synthesis. Results: the author examines the features of “green” public procurement through the prism of the current legislation regulating this process. Customers, putting forward requirements for environmental safety, including the effectiveness of goods purchased for state needs, provide the state with higher-quality products. In addition, such innovations encourage manufacturers and suppliers of goods and services to develop their activities taking into account environmental and energy-efficient trends. It is expected that the introduction of environmental criteria in procurement will lead to a reduction in the use of primary resources and reduce negative impacts on the environment. However, it is too early to talk about the formation of a national green procurement system. All this hinders the normal development of the public “green” procurement system. Conclusions: the development of the Russian “green” procurement system today requires national incentives since it has great potential in solving many internal national and regional problems. Based on the results obtained, the recommendations are formulated for the gradual integration of the norms and practices related to the greening of the procurement process into the contract system.

Human Cyber Rights in the Context of Technological Singularity

Introduction: the physical and technological transformations of the modern world are accelerating due to the theory of technological singularity. This phenomenon indicates that the time between fundamental technological discoveries is shortening. In the context of such a dynamic development of technology, the existing law does not always have time to adapt to new challenges, which pushes for the need to revise legal norms and introduce new concepts. The purpose of the work is to explore fundamental issues related to the impact of technological singularity on human rights as well as to propose a new concept – human cyber rights. Methods: the methods of theoretical analysis and comparative jurisprudence were used in the course of the study. The analysis of literary sources on the research topic was carried out, including the works of scientists and jurists dealing with philosophy of law, technology, and human rights. The methods of logical analysis and synthesis were also used to identify the connections between fundamental concepts and develop a new concept. As a result of the study, the main problems associated with the lag of law from technological progress have been identified. The concept of human cyber rights has been proposed, which includes the rights of an individual in the digital space. The need to adapt legal norms to new challenges, such as the rights of scanned persons and ensuring data security in the digital space, has been discussed. The study has confirmed the need to revise the legal norms in the light of technological singularity and proposed a new concept of human cyber rights as a way to adapt law to the challenges of digital transformation. Further research in this area can contribute to the development of more flexible and effective legal mechanisms to ensure the protection of human rights and freedoms in the era of the digital revolution.