Imaging Literature Research Articles

Linguocultural aspect of phraseological units (Guanyongyu) in modern Chinese language

Abstract The relevance of this study is primarily due to the constant influence of extra-linguistic factors (cultural, historical, and technological) on intralinguistic ones (plan of expression, semantics) in the modern Chinese phraseological picture of the world. The purpose of this study was to identify the main linguocultural features of Guanyongyu through the study of lexico-semantic and stylistic relations. The methods used in this study included analytical-synthetic, lexico-semantic, pragmatic, linguocultural, and statistical analyses. The key features of the group of Chinese phraseological units called Guanyongyu were indicated in the study: preservation of the connection between semantic components and the integral meaning of the phraseological unit, active structural transformations, use in everyday speech, 3 (rarely 4) syllable structure, high metaphoricity, and imagery. The study identified the following groups of “habitual expressions”: with somatic components, with metaphorical components, specifically with a zoonimic or botanical basis, as well as with key mythological or literary nominations. The study also considered different groups of phraseological units by stylistic colouring: negative, neutral, and positive. The analysis of phraseological units that emerged after the COVID-19 crisis showed that they usually had negative (more rarely positive) connotations and demonstrated the dominance of collective values over individual values. The following were identified as the main linguocultural features: negative connotations, satirical ridicule, use of somatic and zoonimic components, metaphorical transfers, dominance of the collective over the individual, connection with Chinese mythology, and literary images. In a further scientific perspective, this study can be used for comparative analysis of phraseological pictures of the world of different countries and nationalities and consideration of the basis of conceptualization through the analysis of cognitive aspects embedded in phraseological units.

Dawn

This poem captures the utopian state of dawn, and the potential of becoming, imagination, and possibility therein. As Nietzsche (2003) argues in his chapter “Before Sunrise” in Thus Spoke Zarathustra, the moment before sunrise suggests an amplifying utopian and poetic relation of the poet with the world as dialogue, one that exists in between the earth and sky; day and night (also see Bachelard, 1988). This moment of flux, as highlighted in the action of the sky, namely the sky’s paling, exemplifies the oscillation between macrocosm and microcosm, mirroring the ebb and flow of the utopian spirit. Every morning is possibility itself; the becoming of heights. The rising blue sky is the friend that keeps you company as you climb the mountains of your life. The following piece inhabits and animates this liminal space, operating as a literary image and state of becoming for both the influx self and the rising sun in its state of betweenness.

Искусственный интеллект как метафора, объект и субъект философского анализа

The article examines epistemological, ethical, anthropological, and other aspects of understanding self-learning programs called “neural networks” or “artificial intelligence”. The problematic nature of the latter is addressed in the research by reviewing three dozen studies of the idea of artificial intelligence, which were presented on April 4, 2024, at a joint scientific conference of the Center for Phe­nomenological Philosophy of the Russian State University for the Humanities and the Sector of Social Epistemology of the Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences. Based on the materials of the conference, this article examines artificial intelligence from the perspective of the history of philosophy and futurist literary images in comparison with human and other conceivable consciousness, both possessing free will as well as lacking it. Another aspect of this research provides an understanding of the problem areas of the theology of artificial intelligence and the place of artificial intelligence in modern theo­logy, as well as providing an analysis of the technical side of the implementation of existing and expected computer systems claiming to be “artificial intelli­gence”. The conference proved to be an important event for discussing philo­sophical and ethical issues related to the development of artificial intelligence and provided a platform for further research and understanding of the impact of AI on society and human individuality. This article outlines the general per­spective of the conference and, more specifically, selected theses

A Woman Warrior in Alternative Voices: Analysing English and French Translations of the Chinese Classic Mulan Ci ( “The Ballad of Mulan”)

ABSTRACT “The Ballad of Mulan” (Mulan Ci (<木蘭辭>)) is a widely recited folk poem in Chinese culture. It celebrates the filial piety and courage of the heroine, Mulan, who has joined the army on behalf of her father to defend her homeland. Not only is this story passed down across generations and familiar to the Chinese people, but it is also widely known globally by its various forms of adaptations and translations. This article investigates, from a perspective informed by feminist translation criticism, the representative English and French translations of the Chinese poem conducted by renowned translators. Based on the inadequate translations in presenting the woman warrior’s voice, the article argues that translation is a gendered activity where a translator’s gender cultural presuppositions play a significant role in the translation. It is found that the Western male translators have projected their stereotypical perceptions about the literary image of Chinese women in their interpretation of Mulan and adopted the position of speaking for the female protagonist by making up a faked female voice in their translations. Mulan’s subjectivity as a legendary woman has been reconstructed in the translations due to the absence of the translators’ gender sensitivity in rendering gender-related text.

The image of a Japanese as seen by a Dutchman in the English novel and its Ukrainian translation

The article deals with the problem of rendering a literary image of a foreigner in translation. The object of research is the cumulative literary image of a Japanese on the material of David Mitchell’s novel “The Thousand Autumns of Jacob De Zoet” and the subject of research is the means and strategies of its reproduction in the Ukrainian translation. The aim of the research is to conceptualize the above strategies and determine the factors that have an impact on the translator’s decision-making. In particular, the attention is drawn to the factor of ethnic stereotypes that underline the formation of a foreigner’s image in a literary discourse. The article offers a hierarchic view of a literary image as an interaction of three levels of analysis: mega-image (correlated with the idea/theme/conception of a literary piece), macro-image (literary image per se) and micro-image (linguistic and/or stylistic means of a macro-image embodiment). Correspondingly, the translator’s attention should be concentrated on equivalent rendering micro-images, but in a manner consistent with corresponding macro-images and the mega-image of the whole text. Every literary image of a foreigner is based on certain ethno-stereotypes, also known as heterostereotypes that govern the author’s selection of micro-images and consequently the whole structure of a macro-image. Three aspects of a Japanese’s macro-image were singled out: appearance; speech characteristics; traditions, customs and rituals. At the next stage, the micro-images of these aspects’ verbalization were singled out and the translator’s strategies of their re-creation were analyzed. The conclusion was made that due to the similarity in foreigners’ stereotyping by the British and Ukrainians, the translator had no need for cultural adaptations and their strategy was predominantly aimed at overcoming interlinguistic asymmetry.

Xylella Fastidiosa and the Non-Landscape of Southern Italy: a European Crisis

A bacterium called xylella fastidiosa started to desertify olive trees in Southern Italy, and to date no remedy has beenfound to stop the contagion. The European Union has imposed the eradication of every tree that is positive for thebacterium effectively proposing a desertification of the infected territory without addressing the issue of landscapeprotection. Here, an attempt will be made to explain the irrational gesture of many young rebels and peasants not toapply European decisions by highlighting the essential role that the olive tree plays in the landscape of south Italy,understood both as a landscape horizon and as a psychic horizon within which the citizen forms and recognises himself.The paper provide a critical comparison between the literary image handed down by travellers of the past and thepresent-day image of a landscape that seems to have lost its identity due to building speculation, the plundering ofthe land and a bacterium that has destroyed entire areas.

The Literary Image in Writings and Practical Well - Being in Reality: The Psychological Exploration of Female Migrant Workers in China

Background: the core of literary works is to reveal the epitomizing image in society so as to provoke the bottom of people’s heart. The image of female migrant workers is always touching the nerve of public since this vulnerable group keeps suffering from class, gender and so on. In 2022, the number of rural migrant workers in China had surged to 295.62 million, 36.6 percent were female which rose by 0.7% from the previous year. The psychological health of this huge group still lagged behind though the living condition and other welfare are improve compared with that in the past. The solution remain unanswered and the landscape of their psychological health needs further delve into. Method: the study explores the psychological dynamics from three different angles such as mental emancipation, consumer behavior and “technology transformation” enlightened by epitomizing image of female migrant workers in literary writings. There are 1574 female migrant workers, who have been divided in three groups depends on their age (660 - group 1; 584 - group 2; 330 - group 3), have participated in the questionnaire and the data has been analyzed by SPSS so as to further study the connotation and enlighten us to figure out strategies to better help their psychological health with different age groups. Results and Conclusion: The findings highlighted the different psychological problems and features in different age groups, the younger generation (&lt; 30) is living more freely and does not take “traditional burden” as the imperatives; however, they still find themselves stuck in class transition. To middle age group (30-45) and senior age group (&gt; 45), data indicates their heavy burden and suffer from the technology advancement etc. Unlike male migrant workers, the female group is more vulnerable due to several unique factors such as low social status which renders us to find better solution to help via the clear unique features as the study unearthed.

Bodhisattva and Daoist: A New Study of Zhunti Daoren 準提道人in the Canonization of the Gods

Although the portrayal of Zhunti Daoren (Cundī Daoist 準提道人) in the Canonization of the Gods (Fengshen yanyi 封神演義) is relatively subdued, it has garnered considerable scholarly interest owing to the pivotal role he fulfills in advancing the narrative and the profound cultural connotations encapsulated within the character. Scholars have put forward three distinct hypotheses: “Zhunti Daoren as a Buddhist deity”, “Zhunti Daoren as a Daoist deity”, and “Zhunti Daoren as the Panchen Lama”. Based on the theory that the figures in the novels of gods and demons (Shenmo xiaoshuo 神魔小說) embody symbolic characteristics, as well as the sociocultural background of Ming–Qing times, this study uses literary image analysis to investigate these three different interpretations. A basic examination is also performed to explore the correlation between Zhunti Daoren and Jieyin Daoren (Welcoming Daoist接引道人), with the aim of illustrating the relationship between the cult of Zhunti and Pure Land Buddhism in late imperial China.

The Portrayal of the Polish-Lithuanian Peasantry in the Memoir Accounts of British Travelers (1764-1795)

The article analyzes the descriptions of Polish-Lithuanian peasants found in travel literature penned by British visitors to Poland during the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski. It aims to present the literary image of peasantry and comment on the Britons’ attitude towards the problems they faced. The authors whose works are analyzed are William Coxe (historian and tutor), John Lind (associate of a Polish king), Nathaniel Wraxall (traveler and ex-merchant), James Harris (a future diplomat), Joseph Marshall (a mysterious figure, probably a merchant) and John Williams. Villagers are generally described as miserable human beings struggling with poverty, cruelly exploited by their lords in a condition resembling slavery. The authors’ attitude is sympathetic to the difficulties of peasant lives. Britons appreciated attempts to extricate them from their plight in the belief that emancipation was ethically desirable and would render their work more productive.

Социально-психологический портрет группы советских военных моряков в произведениях К. Г. Паустовского о Севастополе

The aim of the study is to analyze some of K. G. Paustovsky’s documentary fiction works to identify the specifics of the writer’s individual style in the process of recreating socio-psychological portraits of a special group of his contemporaries, i.e., sailors of the Black Sea Fleet of the USSR in Sevastopol in the pre-war period (1930s-1940s). The study is original in that it is the first to reconstruct the portrait of a social group of Soviet military sailors as eclectic documentary and literary images in the navy during a specific historical period based on K. G. Paustovsky’s stories in the collections “The Black Sea”, “The Story of a Life”, and “Tales. Essays. Literary Portraits”. A philological analysis of various linguistic markers, psychological techniques used by the writer to understand the consciousness of military sailors, a complex set of emotions and feelings generated by the water element is given. As a result, it was found that in the process of reconstructing the socio-psychological portrait of a group of Soviet military sailors of the Black Sea Fleet of the USSR, K. G. Paustovsky uses various expressive means: synecdoche, the technique of combining the living and the non-living, zeugma, comparison, epithet, oxymoron. The writer assigns a special role to the symbolism of color, with the help of which he reveals the power of the heroes’ feelings and experiences, allowing for a deeper understanding of the psychology of military sailors.

Ecolinguistic components of the Arctic literary image in Vasily Matonin’s travelogue Kochevoy dnevnik

This article explores key ecolinguistic components forming the literary image of the modern Arctic in V. N. Matonin’s travelogue Kochevoy dnevnik (“Nomadic Diary”). Nowadays, a significant part of the scientific literary works covers the Arctic image of the past, from the very beginning of the circumpolar region development to its active transformation during the 20th c. The modern study of the Arctic image is not the same as the study of the modern image of the Arctic presented in this article. All above determines the relevance of the work. The research material includes the Arctic travelogue Kochevoy dnevnik by Vasily Nikolaevich Matonin. This book describes the author’s journey through three regions belonging to the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in 2012–2013. The contextual analysis applied in the article aims to systematically identify and describe several contexts of the phenomena studied. This study uses the ecolinguistic approach connecting some individual components of the space representation into a complex ecosystem. The use of ecolinguistic frameworks to examine the formation of the modern Arctic literary image determines the scientific novelty of this article. This work covers the structural and functional features of travelogue as a literary genre (such as composition, author’s quasi-socialization in a new reality, relaying of the subjective space image, author’s self-reflection, manifesting importance of language as an essential element forming a connection between man, society and nature); defines the concept of the “Arctic literary image” as a combination of physical, symbolic and mathematical space of different multilingual multicultural circumpolar territories; and analyses some linguistic, social, demographic, ethnocultural, interactive, mental, political, economic and environmental aspects that construct the circumpolar literary image in V. N. Matonin’s travelogue.

LITERARY LEGACY OF STEFAN ZYZANIY IN THE UKRAINIAN POLEMICAL TRADITION OF THE 16TH–17TH CENTURIES

The paper explores an integral component of the Ukrainian polemical tradition of the 16th–17th centuries – the literary legacy of the bourgeois-fraternal preacher-tribune, Stefan Zyzaniy, brother of the renowned lexicographer Lavrentiy Zyzaniy. Literary works considered a continuation of preaching activities became exceptionally significant prior to the Brest Church Union, during a period of escalating national and religious tensions. Rumors of Orthodox bishops' betrayal and the adoption of the union with the Vatican, particularly by Metropolitan M. Rohoza, contributed to the exacerbation of national and religious oppressions among the Ukrainian population. As a polemicist, Stefan Zyzaniy authored several books, including "Catechism," published in Vilnius in 1595, "Exposition on the Orthodox Faith," and "Sermon of St. Cyril, Patriarch of Jerusalem, on the Antichrist and His Signs with the Expansion of Doctrine against Various Heresies" (Vilnius, 1596). "Catechism," along with numerous sermons where he opposed Jesuits and Orthodox bishops inclined towards the Union, have not survived to this day. In the work "Sermon of St. Cyril, Patriarch of Jerusalem, on the Antichrist and His Signs with the Expansion of Doctrine against Various Heresies" (1596), Stefan Zyzaniy presents the literary image of the pope as the Antichrist. In this sermon, Zyzaniy lists eleven signs of the Antichrist's approach and connects them with the realities of contemporary life. The signs of the Antichrist's reign closely align with the events in Ukrainian society at the end of the 16th century. Therefore, this work is not merely a translation of Cyril of Jerusalem's work but an original and independent work by the polemicist writer. The paper attempts to determine the place and role of "Sermon of St. Cyril, Patriarch of Jerusalem, on the Antichrist and His Signs with the Expansion of Doctrine against Various Heresies" within the literary-religious image of the era and its impact on the societal discourse of the time through an analysis of its structure, style, and content. Analyzing this work in the context of contemporary realities contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of religious and cultural processes within Ukrainian society.

Лексические средства выражения художественного образа (на материале романа Е. Д. Айпина «В поисках Первоземли»)

The paper is devoted to the system of linguistic means used to embody a literary image, the specifics of their functioning in a literary work, as well as the characteristics of the language of a regional text. The research aims to describe the lexical linguistic means involved in creating the image of a man in a literary text. The paper is original in that it is the first to consider a new novel by the well-known Ugric writer E. D. Aypin in terms of studying the linguistic means through which the author creates his artistic world, outlining the artistic space of his characters. Since the literary image in the text is represented solely by linguistic means, presenting the system of such means is necessary for a more complete and profound understanding of the character, or the literary image that is key to the author’s intention. As a result of the research, it is for the first time discovered that the lexical means in this novel, although not numerous, are nonetheless quite diverse. Their diversity serves as an indicator of the detailed representation of the work’s protagonist and recreates the unique ethnopoetics of this literary text.

Эволюция образа предпринимателя в автобиографическом романе Дж. Белфорта «Волк с Уолл-стрит»

The aim of the study is to identify the specific features of the American entrepreneur’s image in J. Belfort’s novel “The Wolf of Wall Street” and their significant differences from the characteristic features of this image in the works of American literature of an earlier period. The paper examines the literary image of an entrepreneur created by J. Belfort based on an autobiographical narrative using his personal experience in stock market activities. The study investigates the change in the value paradigm in the personality and character of the entrepreneur in comparison with the main characteristics of this image created in the works of W. Bradford and B. Franklin. The scientific novelty of the study lies in discovering radical changes in the image of the 21st-century American entrepreneur in comparison with the ideal that was formed in American culture in the 17th and 18th centuries. As a result of the study, it was found that the image of an entrepreneur in J. Belfort’s novel has undergone significant changes compared to the works of early American literature. There is a significant contradiction between the moral and value attitudes created in the works of W. Bradford and B. Franklin and the modern image of the American entrepreneur depicted in the novel under consideration.

Existentialism through the Literary Images in the Short Stories of V. Pidmohylny and M. Yatskiv

This article analyses little-known short stories of modern Ukrainian writers Valerian Pidmohylny and Mykhailo Yatskiv in the context of the 20th century existentialism. It can be considered as a cultural phenomenon which combines philosophy with literature. Pidmohylny’s short stories were significantly influenced primarily by the ideas of the European philosophers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Therefore, we can search for similar motives in the works of Pidmohylny and the existentialists, which developed under the influence of the ideas of Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche. Also, the authors consider Yatskiv’s short stories through the prism of the core concepts of existentialism, namely, fate and death. Pidmohylny and Yatskiv can be assigned to existential writers on the basis of retrospective analysis of the themes of their short stories and the thematic areas of 20th century existentialism.

The Relationship between the Mad Imagery in Lu Xun’s “the Eternal Lamp” and Taoist Philosophy of Life

Lu Xun’s works have always been one of the key research topics, and many researchers focus on the relationship between Lu Xun and Taoism. However, there is still a gap in the study of linking his crazy imagery with Taoism. Therefore, this paper takes “The Eternal Lamp” as an example to analyze the relationship between the madman image and the Taoist philosophy of life. Firstly, the paper points out the unique significance of the image of the madman in “The Eternal Lamp” and then explores the connection between his character image and Taoism in order to obtain Lu Xun’s attitude towards traditional religion. The study argues that Lu Xun unconsciously inherited the positive aspects of the Taoist philosophy of life in shaping his literary image, especially drawing on the prominent power of the subject’s personality. Future academic research can focus on studying traditional philosophy and religion in Lu Xun’s novels, which can help provide a comprehensive understanding of Lu Xun and his works.

Methods of studying the literary image in the works of poets-storytellers of the land of Syr at the university

Relevance. The relevance of the study is conditioned upon the fact that today, an important place in Kazakhstani and world literature is occupied by works that are related to religion, moral development, and education. The creativity of the poets-storytellers of the land of Syr has a special influence on the upbringing of the future generation and the cultivation of important positive qualities in them (honesty, erudition, loyalty, decency, morality). Their works have a great influence on the development of students' worldviews and raising the spiritual level of the people of Kazakhstan. Purpose. This study is aimed at investigating the religious and educational value of the creativity of the poets-storytellers of the land of Syr and the processes of studying their creativity in universities. Methodology. The leading methods of studying this problem are methods of analysis, classification, induction and deduction, generalisation, and comparison of approaches, which will help to identify and highlight the main aspects of the pedagogical problem of studying the imagery of poets of the Kyzylorda region. Results. The study covers aspects of the activity of the poets of the land of Syr; shows the process of teaching imagery in universities of Kazakhstan; demonstrates the factors and methods of this phenomenon; makes a detailed analysis of literature and clarifies the content, characteristics, and features of the works of Akyns who lived in the territory of the Kyzylorda region; covers the main points, themes, and motives of the poetry of representatives of the Akyns-Zhyrau school. Conclusions. The materials of the study are of practical and theoretical value for students, philologists, literary critics, and teachers at universities and educational organisations who need to know the specific features of methods and forms of teaching students the works of poets-storytellers of the land of Syr. Keywords: imagery; poets-storytellers; pedagogical process; zhyrau; Kazakh language; people

Образ врача в рецепции отечественной критики и литературоведения XX-XXI веков

The article highlights the stages of literary and critical reception of the doctor’s image presented in Russian prose in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The work is novel in that it is the first to consider and systematize different points of view of critics and literary scholars on the nature of the doctor’s artistic image, on the doctor’s place in the cultural and historical space of Russia. The research aims to identify the key trends in the reception of the doctor’s image in Russian criticism and literary studies in the 20th and 21st centuries. As a result, it is found that while the thinkers of the 19th century highlight characterological features of a doctor character such as inner freedom, thirst for knowledge and empiricism of thinking inherent in the new generation, the critics and literary scholars of the early 20th century consider a doctor character in the context of the era of scientific discovery. During the period of totalitarianism, the hero is evaluated in terms of having “obligatory” qualities and his involvement with socialism and its achievements. Since the late 1980s, a doctor character has been analyzed from the position of his belonging to the intelligentsia, whose representatives are characterized by internal contradictions. The studies of the early 21st century attempt to reinterpret traditional renderings of Russian classical literature, outline new approaches to the analysis of a literary image: a doctor character is presented as a bearer of the highest spiritual value, a way to transmit hidden meanings.

METAPHORIC FORMATION IN THE COLLECTIONS OF AHMED JARALLAH YASSIN

This study, entitled (Metaphorical Formation in the Collections of Ahmed Jarallah Yassin), dealt with a recent topic in modern Arabic studies, and sought to shed light onThe aesthetic level of the art of metaphor, which is considered one of the most important arts of Arabic rhetoric, through the extrapolation of some selected models. This art constitutes a distinctive rhetorical phenomenon in the poet’s collections. Its two types are verbal and declarative metaphor, as it represents a highly rhetorical literary image in expressing the poet’s intent and desire, in order to reach the most beautiful image. Poetics draws words and meanings to express the purpose that is in it This art played an effective role in conveying the idea, with its woven poetic images and elaborate visual formation, in addition to the punctuation marks, including the bulleted breaks between. Words and the formation of blackness and whiteness, to finally arrive at the dismantling of the title system in contemporary poetry. The study came as a prelude to the concept of metaphor and its importance, then illumination of the life and achievements of . The poet Ahmed Jar Allah Yassin, and finally an analysis of selections of his poems that includes reference to the aesthetics of the art of metaphor and its visual formation

The Image of Mother in the fantasy novel "A Game of Thrones" by G. Martin.

The image of the mother is a constant of the world culture, and therefore it can be found in almost any national literature. The research material of this study is the work of the American fantasy writer George Martin. The object of the study is the image of the mother in the novel “A Game of Thrones” from the cycle “A Song of Ice and Fire”. This series of novels has been positively reviewed by critics and warmly received by readers. In this study, the author refers to the image of the mother and conducts a practical analysis of the female characters represented in the novel. Three protagonists representing the above mentioned image of mother were analyzed. The novelist aims to create diverse characters who possess unique personalities. At the same time, each specific protagonist has ambivalence and duality. The primary method of research is a comparative analysis of the heroines selected by the author in order to identify the fundamental characteristics of the image of the mother in the work of George Martin. The principal conclusions of the study are: the presence of a specific writer’s approach to the process of a mother image creation in a fantasy narrative, explained by his desire to create multifaceted characters with unique personalities, as well as the ambivalence and duality of one image in each particular protagonist. These conclusions make it possible to further conduct a more extensive study in order to investigate into other literary images presented in the works of the American writer, since fantasy, as a literary phenomenon, is experiencing increasing scientific interest. The scientific novelty is explained by a sufficient lack of conducted scientific research on the image of the mother in fantasy works, in particular, in the works of George Martin.