List Of Names Research Articles

New and rare myxomycetes (Mycetozoa, Myxogastria) in Norway Part 2

In this paper, 51 myxomycete species and 8 varieties are reported as new to Norway. Of these, 40 species are reported from the Nordic/Baltic region for the first time. This paper brings the number of myxomycetes known from Norway to a total of 414 species and 31 varieties. An updated checklist of Norwegian myxomycete species and varieties is provided, as well as a list of Norwegian vernacular names.

Evolution of Algerian’s given names referring to Arabic plant names

The Arabic personal names meaning can be classified in several categories, those related with nature, plant or agricuiture are common in the Algerian anthroponymy. The naming of the new born is the dutty of the parents who must choose a good, a blessful, shining name, specific to the gender of the newborn. The aim of this paper is to evaluate how much the names related to floriculture is commonly used and constant in genrations. In this paper we examined the evolution of given names of Algerian people. The analyzed sample was the lists of names of person (male and female) of three generations: old people, youth and kids . To estimate the frequency of those given names we exanime about 1000 names of lecturers, students and pupils. The obtained results show that the given names referring to floriculture are about 45 plants in Algerian anthroponymy , females are named more than male names referring to Arabic plant names. There are common names found in the 3 generations (the case of Zahra(Citrus sp)an aromatic plant, Nesrine (Rosa canina) an ornamental plant), other classic names (case of Khoukha (Prunus persicae) a fruit tree) and modern (case of Bailassan (Sambiscus nigra) a medicinal plant. According to Algerian beliefs, the floriculture species that arround a person make it inspirational, that the people use one plant name, or a combination of names as given names for a newborn,

Repressed Catholic Priests and Monks during the First Years of the Occupation and Annexation of the Republic of Lithuania: June 1940–June 1941

The subject investigated has not been systematically researched at scientific level until now. The claims made by historians and other authors are fragmented and controversial. However, the publications of historical sources necessary for the subject under research, particularly Volume 1 of the list of names published by the Genocide and Resistance Research Centre of Lithuania, as well as numerous archival documents make it possible to reveal the main features of the reprisals of Lithuanian priests and monastic communities in 1940 and 1941. During the occupation and annexation of the Republic of Lithuania, local Catholic priests, monks and nuns were not among the most important groups of the repressed, i.e. among politicians, white collar workers, officers and public figures. Nevertheless, the registration and surveillance of priests, the cases of the annihilation especially of the Russian Orthodox Church and smaller religious groups of the aggressor country, testify indirectly to the fact that the oppressive apparatus of the Empire that was hostile to religion was getting ready to annihilate the Lithuanian Catholic priests at least as a separate group. The NKVD / NKGB took efforts to win over as many priests as possible. About 115 priests (7.9% of all the priests) were repeatedly summoned to the agencies with this purpose in mind but the result was as poor: 12 of those who promised to arrive (0.8% of all priests, 10.4% of recruited priests), three of them staff workers (0.2% of all priests, 2.6% of recruited priests) showed up. According to the available research results, during the period examined a total number of repressed Catholic priests and monks in Lithuania (of the local Church Province, the part of the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius assigned to Lithuania, and Polish refugees) is about 111 persons: 64 (almost 58%) Lithuanian and 47 (over 42%) Polish. From the Lithuanian Church Province or its monasteries and convents 61 persons were repressed, out of whom 53 were diocesan priests, five were monks ordained as priests, three were from monastic communities (one brother and two sisters): 21 from Kaunas diocese, 19 from Vilkaviškis diocese, 11 from Panevėžys diocese, and five from Kaišiadorys and Telšiai dioceses each; all of them were Lithuanians. From the Lithuanian part of the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius and the monastic communities based there, about 15 priests (three Lithuanian and 12 Polish) were subject to repression; fewer than half of them were priests, the others were nuns. Taking together the instances in the parts of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Belarus and Poland, based on the facts from a longer period (from September 1939 until July 1941), the number of the repressed priests in the archdiocese is at least 62 persons: 34 were refugees who suffered from repression; about 27 of them were nuns. The number of people who suffered greatly, i.e. were imprisoned and exiled before Hitler’s war against the “Bolsheviks” were at least 57 Lithuanian Catholic priests and monks (from the local ecclesiastical province and the part of the Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius). The number of Lithuanian priests – 17 – who were killed by the retreating Soviet Army troops at the first stage of the war between Nazi Germany and the USSR that has been known for a long time remains the same. Nevertheless, counting the priests killed not only in the Lithuanian Church Province and in the part of the Vilnius Archdiocese that belonged to Lithuania but also analogous facts from the parts that belonged to Belarus and Poland, the number of the victims of this category amounts to at least 26. The war that broke out between Hitler and Stalin opened the road to freedom for some priests and members of the monastic community. Between 16 and 18 priests were liberated or freed themselves from prisons in Lithuania, while most of Polish priests who were taken to forced labour camps or exiled were granted an amnesty; later they joined Polish army units and became chaplains. The number of arrested, imprisoned, taken to forced labour camps and exiled priests and members of monastic communities is much higher than those who promised to collaborate with the KGB and joined the staff, which demonstrates that the Lithuanian clergy as well as those who arrived from Poland avoided collaborating with the occupying powers; almost all of them resisted, did not succumb to this temptation and did not act under compulsion.

Cognitive load in remote simultaneous interpreting: place name translation in two Mandarin variants

This study examined the accuracy of place name translation during remote simultaneous interpreting (RSI) when interpreters were required to use a different variant of their native language. Participants, professional English/ Mandarin from mainland China, were divided into two groups: the Taiwan group, using the Taiwanese Mandarin variant, and the control group, using the mainland variant. The source speech consisted of three lists of place names, some of which had the same Chinese translation in both the mainland China Mandarin variant and the Taiwanese Mandarin variant, while others did not. The two groups of participants performed RSI from English into Chinese. The analysis focused on the third item in each list, chosen due to the differences in Chinese translations between the two Mandarin variants. Results showed no significant difference in the number of incorrect translations for the first test item between the two groups. However, significant variations were observed for the second and third test items, potentially linked to progressive mental fatigue and increased cognitive demand faced by the Taiwan group participants. This suggests that using a non-habitual language variant can impact the accuracy of RSI.

Формальная модель оценки образа персонажа художественного произведения (на материале романа Дж. Оруэлла «1984»)

The aim of the research is to develop and test a formal model for evaluating the image of a character in a fictional work based on the corpus approach. The scientific originality lies in the fact that for the first time such an analysis of the character of a fictional work is carried out on the basis of the corpus approach. In the course of the work, a balanced corpus of the original text of the novel “1984” by G. Orwell was formed, which includes the marking of hierarchical relationships between the tokens. A number of search queries to the corpus were carried out using the author’s software “Balanced Linguistic Corpus Generator and Corpus Manager”. With the help of this tool, a frequency list of proper names from the novel was obtained and lists of tokens characterizing its main characters were output. The data obtained is extracted during the operation of a special algorithm built into the corpus manager, which selects from the text significant character traits and related lexical units. Thus, a model for evaluating the image of a character is built as a formal description of a system of interconnected hierarchical text elements. The results of the study were analyzed and compared with the results of mental interpretation. Thus, the characters’ profiles were compiled in terms of a formal description of their actions and those objects to which their actions were directed.

Improving dictionary-based named entity recognition with deep learning.

Dictionary-based named entity recognition (NER) allows terms to be detected in a corpus and normalized to biomedical databases and ontologies. However, adaptation to different entity types requires new high-quality dictionaries and associated lists of blocked names for each type. The latter are so far created by identifying cases that cause many false positives through manual inspection of individual names, a process that scales poorly. In this work, we aim to improve block list s by automatically identifying names to block, based on the context in which they appear. By comparing results of three well-established biomedical NER methods, we generated a dataset of over 12.5 million text spans where the methods agree on the boundaries and type of entity tagged. These were used to generate positive and negative examples of contexts for four entity types (genes, diseases, species, and chemicals), which were used to train a Transformer-based model (BioBERT) to perform entity type classification. Application of the best model (F1-score = 96.7%) allowed us to generate a list of problematic names that should be blocked. Introducing this into our system doubled the size of the previous list of corpus-wide blocked names. In addition, we generated a document-specific list that allows ambiguous names to be blocked in specific documents. These changes boosted text mining precision by ∼5.5% on average, and over 8.5% for chemical and 7.5% for gene names, positively affecting several biological databases utilizing this NER system, like the STRING database, with only a minor drop in recall (0.6%). All resources are available through Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11243139 and GitHub https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10289360.

Can We Standardize Name Reconciliaton via OpenRefine?

Scientific names in biodiversity represent one of the oldest identifiers used in science. As a result, a common repetitive task is being able to reconcile a list of scientific names against curated data sources. Reconciliation allows one to determine if names in a list are spelled correctly, whether they are currently accepted, and their nomenclatural status. There are several online and local resources that provide reconciliation services. We share here the potential in interoperability across reconciliation tools. Global Names Verifier (GNverifier), Catalogue of Life, Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Taxonomic Name Resolution Service (TNRS), LifeWatch, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), World Flora Online, Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), Nomer, Wikidata, and others provide their own tools for name reconciliation. All these tools have their scope, design decisions, input, and output formats. It is often useful to do reconciliation using several such services, because they often include complementary data. However, with all the idiosyncrasies of services and lack of standardization, it is not an easy task (Islam et al. 2024). It would be great for researchers if all existing and future tools could be standardized. Then moving from one resource to another would be as easy as changing the URL. Implementing elements of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) data management principles would help to create such standards. However, standardizing all existing and future resources to a common interface would be difficult. Some of them have no monetary or programmatic means to modify their code, while others have more urgent priorities. Some resources support a specific research path where adhering to a rigid standard might hinder their innovation. In this paper we suggest interoperability between reconciliation tools by implementing the OpenRefine Reconciliation Service. OpenRefine is a popular and powerful reconciliation and data cleaning application. It is used by many researchers for data transformation and normalization. Any service that implements the OpenRefine Service can be incorporated into data-management workflows just by providing the service's OpenRefine-compatible URL. Such compatible services can easily be discovered by providing their metadata in the OpenRefine Services Registry. In this paper we discuss our implementation of the OpenRefine Service with the Global Names Verifier (GNverifier) reconciliation tool. GNverifier is developed at the Species File Group as a part of the Global Names Architecture initiative. It offers a powerful, configurable, fast way to reconcile scientific names. GNverifier software aggregates data from more than 100 source datasets. Queries return currently accepted names when provided in a dataset. It allows finding matches for names that historically had several suffixes and can do fuzzy and partial matches. It sorts data by many factors to reliably provide the best available results. With a strong focus on software optimization and a sophisticated matching algorithm, it can process 2000 names a second, making it one of the fastest services available. OpenRefine can use GNverifier directly because it is compatible with the OpenRefine protocol. As shown in Fig. 1, switching between GNverifier and Wikidata reconciliation of scientific names requires only change of a service URL. Implementation of the OpenRefine protocol might solve many standardization problems. Some resources already have it implemented (e.g., Wikidata, GNverifier Whitmire and Mozzherin 2023, WFO Plant List, IPNI). Many people already use OpenRefine for their other reconciliation needs. For them, the incorporation of name reconciliation would be especially beneficial because it will fit into their existing data-management workflow Fig. 2. Basic reconciliation by itself is standard by design and a big step forward. Beyond the basic reconciliation (as seen in Fig. 2) there are more data that researchers are interested in. The Service Protocol allows one to add optional "extended" features. For example, for scientific names, we provide "currently accepted" names, data sources where a name was found, taxonomic classification, etc. Fig. 3. To make these fields standardized, we would need a recommendation document that describes additional fields and their format. We need interested parties to participate in its creation and agree on its usage. The same would apply to optional input filters, for example for restricting reconciliation to certain data sources or higher taxonomic entities. We think OpenRefine would be a significant step forward for standardization between name-reconciliation tools.

Bird names as critical communication infrastructure in the contexts of history, language, and culture

Standardized taxonomies and lists of birds were created to improve communication. They are linguistic infrastructure―biodiversity indices and dictionaries―that have been painstakingly built and maintained and that have enhanced regional and global participation in the study and enjoyment of birds. Inclusion of people has been a core objective in creating and maintaining these standardized lists, and dissatisfaction and desires to overwrite objectionable names have been associated with them for nearly two centuries. Suggestions that bird names should be changed are continuous. Today, these suggestions include the view that some bird names must be changed to make them more accurate, inoffensive, and culturally appropriate to further increase diversity and inclusion among ornithologists and bird watchers. The latter, meritorious goal has been largely successful thus far despite many ongoing objections. Historic examples indicate that large-scale name changes, however, are not needed to accomplish major societal goals of inclusion. Some barriers to inclusion likely remain, and some changes are likely needed for English names. Often overlooked or underappreciated in name change discussions are that: 1) standardized names lists have had numerically staggering success in fostering inclusion of diverse participants globally; 2) stability is vital in such systems, and destabilization has exclusionary effects; 3) dissatisfaction with such lists and the names they include has been ongoing since these naming systems began; 4) important flexibilities exist in conjunction with these communication systems that enhance local and regional communication (e.g., alternative names in English and other languages); and 5) cultural values, important as they are, are neither universally shared nor constant, and thus risk bringing divisiveness and instability when used as a central reason for change. Consideration of standardized lists of bird names as communication systems in the fuller context of history, language, and culture will improve our management of these systems and their continued utility in fostering inclusion. With standardized, stable naming systems acting as a skeleton, proactively building outwards, both within and among languages and cultures, offers a positive and productive way to increase inclusion and to improve cultural and biodiversity conservation.

Equus in Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA).

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA is a freely available information resource, which includes information for Equus inherited traits/diseases (collectively called phenes). The database focuses on Mendelian traits and their likely causal variants (mutations). Some of these Mendelian traits are favored by humans, e.g., coat color, while others are diseases. Additions to OMIA are based on publications of peer-reviewed research. Maintaining up-to-date information in OMIA is a challenge, owing to the multiplicity of species, the increase in the number of relevant publications, and as reference genomes and methods of citation continue to evolve. This challenge has been successfully aided by contributions from scientists from around the world. In some cases, those scientists are faculty members who charge their students with curation as an educational activity. Recently, OMIA has introduced computerized lists of standardized names and synonyms (called ontologies) for breeds of Equus and other animals and for phene categories. These ontologies facilitate increased connectivity between OMIA and other online resources. OMIA is and will continue to be a major reference resource for Mendelian phenes in the genus Equus.

Canon Lists of Church Fathers in Early Christianity

Abstract This article examines how the names of “church fathers” were compiled into lists from the end of the fourth century to the middle of the sixth century. Although not as common as biblical canon lists, these lists of church fathers attempt to vest ecclesiastical authority in the figures listed. Surveying Greek and Latin Christian literature, it finds that there are two overarching strategies for listing church fathers: (1) linking individual fathers’ authority to their involvement in authoritative church councils; (2) compiling lists of names that are meant to be representative of the church’s antiquity and catholicity.

Report of the General Committee: 31

SummaryDecisions of the General Committee are reported on proposals and requests in Report 18 of the Nomenclature Committee (NC) for Fossils, Report 75 of the NC for Vascular Plants, and Report 24 of the NC for Fungi. The latter also included additions to the list of protected names. Proposal (2072) in NC for Fungi Report 22 is recommended.

Preface

Preface to the Conference Proceedings We are delighted to present the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials for Energy, Environment, and Biomedical Applications (iNEEBA-2023), which took place from October 1-2, 2023, in Salem, Tamilnadu, at Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Arts and Science College, a constituent college of the Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation, in collaboration with Chulalongkorn University in Thailand and Gyeongsang National University (GNU) in South Korea. With an emphasis on the applications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in the fields of energy, environment, and biomedical applications, this conference brought together a diverse group of researchers, scientists, academicians, and industry professionals from all over the world to discuss and exchange ideas on the most recent developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology. The conference, which focused on encouraging collaboration and multidisciplinary methods, enabled fruitful discussions about the most recent developments, up-coming trends, and possible breakthroughs in the several fields it covered. We also extended our gratitude to all of the distinguished participants for their valuable contributions to the conference. Participants came from 8 different nations to present and share their work on a wide range of topics related to nanoscience and nanotechnology. We feel honoured to welcome our invited speakers, Prof. Dr. Myong Yong Choi, Director of Core-Facility Centre for Photochemistry and Nanomaterials, GNU, South Korea and Prof. Dr. Soorathep Kheawhom, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. We would also like to express our appreciation to the keynote speakers, session chairs, and all the participants who actively engaged in the vibrant discussions that took place during the conference. Your contributions have significantly enriched the overall experience and impact of the event. There were 420 registration and 250 abstracts were received from 8 different countries, 16 Indian states. They were categorized into 200 oral presentations and 50 poster presentations. This volume of proceedings contains a compilation of selected papers that were presented during the conference. The manuscripts are received through Morressier platform and the reviewers are appointed by the Morressier platform itself, which also serves as the channel through which papers are accepted. We have received 53 papers for IOP conference series: Journal of Physics and 25 papers were accepted after critical evaluation process. We extend our heartfelt gratitude to all the authors who submitted their work for consideration and to the members of the scientific committee for their rigorous review process. Their efforts have ensured the inclusion of outstanding research that aligns with the conference’s objectives. Special thanks to Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation, Deemed to be University, whose generous support played a crucial role in making this conference a success. As editors, we hope that this volume will serve as a valuable resource for researchers, academics, and practitioners, fostering further collaboration and inspiring future endeavours in our shared quest for knowledge and progress. Thus, the International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanomaterials for Energy, Environment, and Biomedical Applications proved to be a significant platform for knowledge exchange and collaboration in the rapidly evolving field of nanotechnology. The event provided valuable insights into the current state of research, emerging trends, and the potential impact of nanoscience on energy, environmental sustainability, and biomedical advancements. As the field continues to advance, the conference served as a catalyst for future breakthroughs and collaborations that will shape the path of nanotechnology applications in various domains. Thank you for your participation and contribution to the success of the iNEEBA 2023. List of Brief overview of the meeting, full list of committee names and affiliations and Profile of the Guest Editor are available in this Pdf.

APCalign: an R package workflow and app for aligning and updating flora names to the Australian Plant Census

Here we present ‘APCalign’, an R package and accompanying browser-sourced application to align and update scientific names for Australian vascular plants to the most likely currently accepted name in the Australian Plant Census (APC) or a name in the Australian Plant Names Index (APNI). Scientific names are the label assigned to unique taxon concepts by the scientific community, but this common terminology is most useful if a taxon concept is consistently referred to by the same name. These links can be broken because of either spelling mistakes or taxonomic changes. Automated tools are required to resolve taxon lists, aligning and updating long lists of possibly erroneous scientific names to the most likely currently accepted names. It is essential that tools specific to the APC/APNI be developed, because these lists specify an endorsed national-level nomenclature used in government legislation and include the uniquely Australian concept of phrase names, absent in global taxonomic datasets. To align input names to names within the APC or APNI, ‘APCalign’ works progressively through a sequence of checks that combine different permutations of the input name, exact versus fuzzy matches, matches that consider the entire name input versus a subset of words, and character strings that indicate a name can be resolved only to a genus or family. The aligned names are then, when possible, updated to a currently accepted taxon concept within the APC. This package should facilitate all research outputs that require diverse scientific name lists to be merged or outdated lists to be updated.

A nomenclatural review of family-group names in the Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera)

The Tettigoniidae is the largest and most complex family within the Orthoptera, and perhaps expectedly, its systematic arrangement is largely unsatisfactory. Recent phylogenetic studies within the group have been almost wholly at odds with traditional morphological classification, and it is clear that a great number of changes will be made to the family in the near future. To remove the element of nomenclatural uncertainty that will inevitably arise with such dramatic changes, I here provide a complete annotated list of all family-group names proposed within the Tettigoniidae in explicit order of priority. I provide details of the authorship, availability, current validity, current rank(s) and name(s), type genus, stem, and parent taxon of each of the 182 proposed family-group names, of which 171 represent available names. I also make several nomenclatural changes, the most significant of which is the replacement of available but informal groupings (e.g. species groups) with formal tribes, subtribes, and infratribes. Other major changes are the replacement of Nedubini syn. nov. with Apteropedetini stat. nov., the replacement of Eumegalodontina (unavailable name) with Lesinina stat. nov., and the designation of Acanthodidae as nomen oblitum with respect to Pleminiae (nomen protectum). To reduce confusion in future, I recommend that all new family-group names be clearly proposed as new, with a correct rank, stem, suffix, and diagnosis, that informal groupings are explicitly proposed as informal, and that formal names are used and proposed in place of informal names wherever possible. I additionally propose that the suffixes -iti and -ita be used for all supertribe and infratribe rankings within the Tettigoniidae. Finally, I discuss the various names that have been used for taxa between the ranks of family and subfamily, with the recommendation that informal ‘group’ and ‘clade’ names with unambiguous suffixes are formed from available subfamily names.

How are weeds named: A committee review of the WSSA composite list of names

Abstract Plant names carry a significant amount of information without providing a lengthy description. This is an efficient shorthand for scientists and stakeholders to communicate about a plant, but only when the name is based on a common understanding. It is standard to think of each plant having just two names, a common name and a scientific name, yet both names can be a source of confusion. There are often many common names that refer to the same plant, or a single common name that refers to multiple different species, and some plants are without a common name at all. Scientific names are based upon international standards; however, when there is not agreement in the taxonomy, two scientific names may be used to describe the same species. Weed scientists and practitioners can easily memorize multiple plant names and know that they refer to the same species, but when we consider global communication and far-reaching databases, it becomes very relevant to consider two sides of this shift: 1) A need for greater standardization (due to database management and risk of lost data from dropped cross-referencing) and 2) the loss of local heritage which provides useful meaning through various common names. In addition, weed scientists can be resistant to changing names that they learned or frequently use. The developments in online databases and reclassification of plant taxonomy by phylogenetic relationships have changed the accessibility and role of the list of standardized plant names compiled by the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA). As part of an attempt to reconcile WSSA and USDA common names for weedy plants, the WSSA Standardized Plant Names Committee recently concluded an extensive review of the Composite List of Weeds common names and had small changes approved to about 10% of the list of over 2800 distinct species.

On the role of toponymic commemorative practices in the research and preservation of disappeared names of geographical objects

INTRODUCTION. The problem of research and preservation of disappeared names of geographical objects through toponymic commemorative practices is considered. An analysis is given of the activities of mass communications, thanks to which the memory of bygone toponyms is passed on to future generations of residents of the country as a whole and individual regions, and the local toponymic martyrology is regularly updated with new names. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of toponymic commemorative practices in the study and preservation of disappeared names of geographical objects located on the territory of the Russian Federation.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Using specific examples from the experience of the Voronezh Region on the successful implementation of toponymic commemorative practices, their main types are considered, recommendations are given to public authorities and local governments on how to work in this direction. The empirical base of the study consists of alphabetical lists of geographical names of previously existing settlements registered in the automated state catalog of geographical names, publications in the media and in scientific publications.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. It is shown that the main types of toponymic commemorative practices can be the installation of commemorative signs, information plaques, chapels, monuments on the site of disappeared settlements, the publication of relevant local history materials, works of art and memoirs of former residents of these settlements in regional and district media, the holding of mass cultural and historical events.CONCLUSION. Communication practices are a reliable channel for preserving the memory of disappeared settlements and their names and transmitting relevant historical and toponymic information to subsequent generations of Russians. To this end, the state authorities and local governments of the subjects of the Russian Federation are recommended to apply toponymic commemorative practices in their activities.

Evaluation of medication errors in one of the largest public hospital: A retrospective study

BackgroundIn hospitals, medication errors still occur, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. However, most incidents can be prevented. ObjectiveTo evaluate medication prescription errors for in and out-patients at hospitals based on pharmacists' reports of medical errors. MethodsA retrospective study was carried out between January and December 2021. Pharmacists analyzed medication error reports based on age, sex, drug name list or quantity recorded, prescription listed in the medication error report, and length of hospital stay.Statistical analysis of drug interaction and the factors affecting potential drug interactions was carried out by using multiple linear regression. ResultsApproximately 338 medication errors from 251,491 prescriptions were recorded by pharmacists across hospital departments in 2021. The age of patients with medication errors ranged from newborn babies to 86 years old, with an average of 40.9 years old (±21.03). The most common types of medication errors were prescribing errors (184, 54.4 %). The average length of hospital stay was 11.35 days (±10.36). A total of 557 potential drug interactions were recorded in 182 (53.85 %) prescriptions. The risk for potential drug interaction is increased by the number of medications per prescription (COR = 3.361, P < 0.001) and the age (COR = 1.001, P = 0.033). ConclusionsThe number of medication errors reported was 0.13 per 100 prescriptions, and most of these errors did not affect patients and were, therefore, not harmful. However, further research is needed to analyze medication error reports through collaboration with hospital healthcare professionals.

Examining Color Recognition in the Kurdish Language: A Sociolinguistic Perspective

This study employs a cross-sectional research design to explore color recognition among Kurdish participants, encompassing individuals from various age and education groups. The research aims to investigate patterns of color perception across demographic segments within the Kurdish population. Participants were selected from four distinct groups: elementary school graduates (elderly), high school students, university students, and university graduates. The study involved presenting participants with a list of color names in Kurdish and recording their responses to assess color recognition. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were utilized to analyze the data and identify trends in color perception. The total number of participants in the study was 274. Findings indicate a high level of familiarity with basic colors such as black, white, red, green, yellow, and blue across all participant groups, with recognition rates ranging from 85% to 96%. However, less common colors, including gray, orange, pink, and purple, showed varying levels of recognition among different participant groups. Gray was relatively better recognized compared to other less common colors, with recognition rates ranging from 8.93% to 15%, suggesting potential differences in exposure to color terminology among different age and education groups.

Examining the Role of Employee Social Intrapreneurial Behavioural and Job Satisfaction as Mediators of Employee Commitment

This study investigates the series of mediating effects of employee social intrapreneurial behaviour and job satisfaction on innovative organizational culture and employee commitment. This research aims to explore the relationship between an innovative organizational culture, employee intrapreneurial behaviour, employee job satisfaction, and employee job commitment in the manufacturing sector of Kuwait, a developed economy. Literature reviews analyses core concepts and their associated domains to discover gaps in existing research by examining definitions, dimensions, and relevance. The examination of relevant research identified significant knowledge deficiencies. The framework examines employee social intrapreneurial behaviour by incorporating several aspects such as idea generation, idea promotion, and idea realization. The current study utilized quantitative research methods. The researcher utilized SPSS version 28 to analyses the numerical data collected through a questionnaire to meet the study questions. The questionnaire was distributed using both computerized and self-administered ways to increase the response rate. We have obtained an extensive list of contact names for all manufacturing companies in Kuwait. The study is based on three primary theories: Self Determination Theory, Social Exchange Theory, and Theory of Planned Behaviour. This study aims to develop a new formula to promote a culture of social innovation. The research findings suggest that Employee Social Intrapreneurial Behaviour (ESIB) has a notable influence on manufacturing enterprises in Kuwait. Employee social intrapreneurial behaviour and job satisfaction were shown to have a mediating impact on innovative organizational culture and employee commitment. The research's theoretical framework enhances managers' understanding of the significance of intrapreneurship and how organizations can facilitate its development at both individual and organizational levels. Received: 28 January 2024 / Accepted: 28 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024

Review of the Newly Established amictus-Subgroup of the Genus Leptocoris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae), with the Description of a New Species from the Arabian Peninsula

Leptocoris arabicus new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae: Serinethinae) is described based on 55 specimens of both sexes collected in various localities of southern Oman and southeastern Yemen; a hypothesis is proposed as to its host plant. The new species is close to Leptocoris amictus Germar, 1838 and to Leptocoris ruber Göllner-Scheiding, 1980, new status, due to the presence of a produced horned process along the posterior ventral margin of the genital capsule. It is distinguished from both by differences in colour pattern and morphology. An informal L. amictus species-subgroup is proposed to accommodate these three species within the Leptocoris hexophthalmus species-group sensu Göllner-Scheiding (1980). The following new faunistic records are also provided: L. amictus from Ethiopia, Mozambique and Zambia; L. ruber from Central African Republic. The occurrence of L. chevreuxi (Noualhier, 1893) in Oman is confirmed. The list of all available species-group names assigned to Leptocoris Hahn, 1833 (gender masculine) and their synonyms is compiled and the gender agreement is corrected in the species names when appropriate. The nomenclatural problem concerning Leptocoris living on Marshall Islands discovered by Kerzhner (2003) is discussed and the following corrections are provided: Leptocoris rufus rufus Hahn, 1833, new status = Leptocoris lariversi Usinger, 1952, new synonymy, and Leptocoris rufus isolatus (Distant, 1914) new status.