List Of Environmental Research Articles

«Красные» природоохранные списки в международном праве

The role and significance of lists of natural objects that are threatened by their ecological state is considered. The List of World Heritage in Danger is analyzed as the most famous “red” environmental list. The problems of including objects in this List are considered, in particular, the opposition of the States on whose territory the corresponding objects are located; the consequences of such inclusion are determined; the conclusions obtained are illustrated by the practice of including objects from different states in the List. The Montreux Record, which is rarely analyzed in modern legal science, receives coverage (List of Ramsar wetlands of international importance where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments, pollution or other human interference). The procedure for including objects in it is revealed, some reasons are identified that determine the problems with the insufficient effectiveness of this environmental mechanism, in particular, the need to obtain the consent of the relevant state to include wetland in the Record, as well as competition with the reporting mechanisms of states under Article 3 of the Convention on Wetlands. Proposals are formulated on the need to form a “red” list in relation to specially protected natural territories included in the international network of biosphere reserves. Based on the results of the study, an instrumental attitude to international “red” environmental lists is proposed, as mechanisms capable of solving individual environmental problems.

Выбор материала уплотнений для нефтегазовой промышленности

A comparison of the properties of rubbers, that are mainly used as materials for the manufacture of seals used in the oil and gas industry, is presented. These are technical vulcanized rubbers based on the following rubbers: ethylene-propylene diene, butadiene-acrylonitrile, hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile, fluoroelastomer, tetrafluoroethylene propylene, perfluoroelastomers. Their resistance to the action of physical and chemical factors that determine the properties of working environments is assessed: the temperature range of working capacity, resistance to ozone and aging under the influence of atmospheric factors, chemical resistance to the action of materials of working environments. The list of environments to which the considered rubbers are resistant and not resistant is given. Resistance to high-speed gas decompression has been noted. For rubbers based on tetrafluoroethylene propylene and perfluoroelastomers, the possibility of using them for work in vacuum is indicated. It is concluded that, despite the high cost, rubbers based on tetrafluoroethylenepropylene and perfluoroelastomers have the best set of properties for operation in the oil industry.

Artificially Created Objects of the Nature Reserve Fund Parks-Monuments of Landscape Gardening Art and their Representativenessin the Volyn Region

Purpose. To give an objective assessment of the current ecological condition of artificially created objects of the nature reserve fund. Methods. Comparative-geographical, generalization, systematization, statistical, comparative-analytical, descriptive, cartographic. Results. Not all types of artificial objects of nature reserve fund of Volyn region are represented. There are 12 park-monuments of landscape art, 1 botanical garden, 1 zoo and no dendrological park. On the whole, the number of artificial objects of nature reserved fund in the region is the lowest in Ukraine. On the territory of the region there is an uneven distribution of artificial objects of the nature reserve fund. An analysis of the distribution of artificial objects of nature reserve fund by area revealed that the largest one is the park-monument of landscape art «Slovianskyy» (27,35 hectares). It is located in the Volodymyr-Volynskyy district. From 12 to 21,6 hectares of landscapes in Lutsk, Gorokhiv, Turiysk, Lyubeshiv and Kivertsy districts is occupied by the park- monuments of landscape art. In the Starovyzhivsky district, the area of park-monuments of landscape art is 2 hectares, while in other districts there are no areas for artificial objects of nature reserve fund. All artificial objects of nature reserve fund were created in 1960-1990. Only one park-monuments of landscape art was created in 2018. It is called «Sydorukiv Park» and is located in the city of Horokhiv. Most of the park-monuments of landscape art are located within settlements and only 2 parks are located in the territory of forestry. In total, more than 150 species of flora are protected in the territory of park-monuments of landscape art. Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, 3 species of flora were identified that grow on the territory of parks of monuments of landscape gardening art and are included in environmental lists (Epipactis helleborine, Syringa josikaea, Epipactis palustris). The most dangerous for them is tearing, digging, picking up bouquets, as well as a partial violation of the structure of ecotopes (deforestation, excessive recreation, etc.). It is proposed to strengthen the protection of these species by increasing the status of the nature conservation object and assigning them to the territories of the nature reserve fund - botanical nature reserve of local importance.