Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels In Men Research Articles

The hormone sensitive lipase gene in familial combined hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance in the most common familial dyslipidemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), could be due to variations in the hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) gene. The coding region of the HSL gene was screened with the single strand conformation polymorphism analysis in probands of 27 FCHL families with 228 members. In addition, the C-60G promoter substitution of the HSL gene was determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in these subjects. No variants in the coding region of the HSL gene were found and the allele frequencies of the C-60G promoter substitution and the silent variant (G3138A) in the 3' untranslated region did not differ between 110 control subjects and 27 probands with FCHL. However, in control women the C-60G substitution was associated with high body mass index [30.6 +/- 0.9 kg m(-2) (mean +/- SD) in subjects with the C/G genotype and 24.8 +/- 4.6 in subjects with the C/C genotype, P = 0.012], and in control men with high rates of insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake (70.1 +/- 14.7 vs. 56.7 +/- 14.2 micromol kg(-1) min(-1), P = 0.014). In 228 FCHL family members this substitution was associated with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in men (4.51 +/- 1.12 vs. 5.17 +/- 1.28 mmol L(-1), P = 0.049), but not in women. The HSL gene is not a major gene for FCHL. However, the - 60G allele of this gene may affect body weight, insulin sensitivity and serum cholesterol levels.

Apple Fiber and Gum Arabic Lowers Total and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Men with Mild Hypercholesterolemia

Although a cholesterol-lowering effect of dietary fiber derived from gum arabic or apples has been demonstrated ( (1) Ross A.R.M. Eastwood M.A. Anderson J.A. Douglas D.M.W. A study of the effects of gum arabic in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 1983; 37: 368-375 Google Scholar , (2) Sharma R.D. Hypocholesterolemic effect of gum acacia in men. Nutr Res. 1985; 5: 1321-1326 Google Scholar , (3) Mayne P.D. McGill A.R. Gormley T.R. Tomkin G.H. Julian T.R. O'Moore R.R. The effects of apple fibre on diabetic control and plasma lipids. Irish J Med Sci. 1982; 151: 36-41 Google Scholar , (4) Sable-Amplis R. Sicart R. Agid R. Further studies on the cholesterol-lowering effect of apple in human Biochemical mechanisms involved. Nutr Res. 1983; 3: 325-328 Google Scholar ), little research exists that examines the potential cholesterol-lowering effects of combinations of these fibers. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of fiber derived from apple pulp and gum arabic on blood cholesterol levels in men with mild hypercholesterolemia.

Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Men Taking Beta-Blockers

To determine the efficacy of glucose tolerance factor (GTF)-chromium for increasing serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in patients taking beta-blockers. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Mixed primary and referral-based outpatient clinic at a university-affiliated VA Medical Center. Referred sample of 72 men receiving beta-blockers, mainly for hypertension. Sixty-three patients (88%) completed the study. Current medications, including beta-blockers, were continued. During the 8-week treatment phase, patients in the chromium group received a total daily dose of 600 micrograms of biologically active chromium divided into three equal doses; control patients received a placebo of identical appearance and taste. Serum levels of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol were measured. Mean baseline levels of HDL and total cholesterol (+/- SD) were 0.93 +/- 0.28 mmol/L and 6.0 +/- 1.0 mmol/L (36 +/- 11.1 mg/dL and 232 +/- 38.5 mg/dL), respectively. The difference between groups in adjusted mean change in HDL cholesterol levels, accounting for baseline HDL cholesterol levels, age, weight change, and baseline total cholesterol levels, was 0.15 mmol/L (5.8 mg/dL) (P = 0.01) with a 95% Cl showing that the treatment effect was greater than +0.04 mmol/L (+1.4 mg/dL). Mean total cholesterol, triglycerides and body weight did not change significantly during treatment for either group. Compliance as measured by pill count was 85%, and few side effects were reported. Two months after the end of treatment, the between-group difference in adjusted mean change from baseline to end of post-treatment follow-up was -0.003 mmol/L (-0.1 mg/dL). Two months of chromium supplementation resulted in a clinically useful increase in HDL cholesterol levels in men taking beta-blockers.

Physical training and plasma intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in men with hypertriglyceridemia.

Plasma lipoprotein lipid levels including IDL cholesterol concentration, physical fitness parameters, and anthropometric data were measured in 10 men with primary hypertriglyceridemia during a 12 week program of moderate physical training. Reduced pulse rate at submaximal workload and increased work performed on the treadmill indicated that the men had increased their physical fitness during the training period. Body weight (-4.9%) and total skinfold thickness (-15.6%) fell during the training program. A characteristic fall (-23%) in plasma triglyceride levels was seen over the first 8 weeks training. Plasma IDL cholesterol concentration fell (-18%) after 2 weeks training but then rose after 8 weeks to levels which tended to be higher than baseline values. Our data suggest that regular physical exercise is more likely to raise levels of the "proatherogenic" IDL than to lower them in hypertriglyceridemic patients.

Seasonal variation of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in men

To determine if there are seasonal variations in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the concentration of HDL-C was measured monthly for 12 consecutive months in 31 healthy men and 24 male inpatients with schizophrenia. In addition to HDL-C, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations in serum were assayed, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was estimated by calculation. Mean serum HDL-C levels of schizophrenic patients were significantly low compared with those of healthy controls, 35 12 and 49 11 mg/dl, respectively. The TC levels of schizophrenic patients were significantly higher in January and March as compared with August. The HDL-C levels in summer and autumn were significantly lower than those in winter and spring in both healthy men and schizophrenic patients. The concentration of LDL-C was significantly high in September and October as compared with April in healthy men. In patients with schizophrenia, LDL-C level seemed higher in January and March as compared with August.