Linear Optical Single Crystal Research Articles

Investigations on the growth, optical, thermal and mechanical properties of pyridinium (2R,3R)-tartrate non linear optical single crystal

Organic non linear optical single crystals of Pridinium (2R,3R)-tartrate (PY2R3RT) was grown by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Single Crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the crystal structure of grown PY2R3RT and it revealed that the grown crystal crystallized in orthorhombic crystal system with space group P212121. The experimental structural parameters were compared with the theoretical values by DFT method. FTIR analysis illustrates all the functional groups present in the grown crystal. UV–Visible Spectral analysis explains the transmittance ability, optical band gap, linear refractive index and extinction coefficient of the grown crystal. The HOMO-LUMO and MESP maps were generated and analysed by using Gaussian ’09 software package. Kurtz Perry powder technique confirms the linear optical property of the grown PY2R3RT single crystals. The thermal stability and melting point of the synthesized material was analyzed by using TG/DTA studies. Vickers microhardness test explains the mechanical strength, Meyer index, Yield strength and elastic stiffness of PY2R3RT were studied by using.

Blue emissive properties of pure and sodium acid phthalate doped hippuric acid crystal for NLO applications

Non linear optical single crystals of pure and Sodium acid phthalate doped Hippuric acid (SAPHA) crystals were grown in room temperature by slow evaporation method, with the vision to improve the properties of the crystals. Intensities of Powder X-ray diffraction peaks of sodium acid phthalate doped HA reveal that these dopants enhanced the crystallinity. The FTIR analysis is used to study the functional groups. The UV–Visible analysis is used to find the level of transmission and range of absorption of the crystals. The second harmonic generation (SHG) crystal was tested by Kurtz and Perry powder method using Nd:YAG laser and the result confirms that the grown crystal has SHG efficiency 1.05 times more than KDP crystal. The fluorescence study performed for pure and doped HA crystal. The Thermogravimetric analysis confirms the stability of grown crystals. The dielectric response of title crystal was analyzed in the frequency range of 10–100 kHz for four different temperatures at 32 °C, 50 °C, 75 °C, and 100 °C. The hardness of the crystals was determined by Vicker’s Microhardness test.

Growth and characterization of an organic non linear Optical single crystal: BisPicolonium Tartrate

BisPicolonium tartrate (BPT) is an organic nonlinear optical crystal has been synthesized and grown by slow evaporation technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study reveals that the crystal belongs to triclinic system. Powder X-ray diffraction was recorded and the peaks were indexed. The functional groups present in the crystal were interpreted by FTIR spectral analysis. Optical absorption spectrum shows that the crystal is transparent in the entire visible region. The study of dielectric constant and dielectric loss for the grown crystal were carried out. The relative SHG efficiency of the material was investigated.

Structural, optical and piezoelectric investigation on brucinium bromide hydrate non linear optical single crystal for optical parametric oscillators, high-power laser, piezo-sensors and transducers applications

In the present work, a good transparent semi-organic brucinium bromide hydrate (BBH) single crystal was grown from the saturated solution by slow evaporation method. The single crystal XRD study reveals that, BBH crystallize in Triclinic crystal system with non-centrosymmetric space group P1. Presences of chemical elements such as Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen are C = 38.79%, H = 44.10% and N = 3.48% respectively. The morphological study concludes that, the growth rate along ‘c’ direction is more expeditious than that of a & b. The UV–Visible spectrum confirms the good transparency of the crystal and diverse optical parameters such as cut-off wavelength, band gap, UV-resonance energy and refractive index values were calculated and relation between the different optical parameters were also discussed in detail. Chemical bonding nature of BBH crystal was identified with the aid of optical electro-negativity value. The Urbach energy value was found to be 0.1238 eV. LDT value of BBH crystal was found to be 6.43 GW/cm2 and it is compared with other standard materials such as KTP, KDP and Urea. To find the suitability of crystal in the field of nonlinear optical application, the second harmonic generation value was determined using Kurtz-Perry powder technique. The spectroscopic investigations were done by vibrational analysis in order to identify the different functional groups in BBH compound. The value of piezo-electric charge co-efficient (d33) was quantified by PM-300 piezometer. Fluorescence spectral study provides the knowledge about electron excitation and also life time of the molecules. Title crystal does not contain any internal structural grain boundaries which are confirmed by HRXRD analysis.

Crystal Growth and Characterization of a Novel Non Linear Optical Single Crystal of Urea Phthalic Acid

The Nonlinear optical (NLO) material of Urea Phthalic acid (UPA) was grown by slow evaporation method. The unit cell parameters were determined by single crystal XRD. The fundamental frequency vibrations of UPA were identified by FTIR analysis. The optical properties of UPA were determined by UV-Vis spectral studies. The Laser damage threshold value of UPA single crystal was found to be 5.3 GW/Cm2. Z-scan techniques with He–Ne laser has measured the optical nonlinearity of UPA crystal.

Synthesis, growth, physicochemical properties and DFT calculations of 2-naphthol substituted Mannich base 1-(morpholino(phenyl) methyl) naphthalen-2-ol: A non linear optical single crystal

2-Naphthol substituted Mannich base 1-morpholino(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (MPMN), a potential NLO active organic single crystal was developed using acetonitrile as a solvent by slow evaporation method. The experimental and theoretical analysis made towards the exploitation in the field of electro-optic and NLO applications. The cubic structure with non-centrosymmetric space group Cc was confirmed and cell dimensions of the grown crystal were obtained from single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The formation of the CNC vibrational band at 1115 cm−1 in Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis confirms the formation of MPMN compound. The placement of protons and carbons of MPMN were identified from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) analysis. The wide optical absorption window and the lower cutoff wavelength of MPMN show the suitability of the material for the various laser related applications. The presence of dislocations and growth pattern of crystal were analyzed using chemical etching technique. The Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) of MPMN was found to be 1.57 times greater than the standard KDP crystal. The laser damage threshold was measured by using Nd: YAG laser beam passed through the sample and it was found to be 1.006 GW/cm2. The electronic structure of the molecular system and the optical properties were also studied from quantum chemical calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and reported for the first time.

Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Analysis, Nucleation Kinetics and DFT Studies of Bis(thiourea) Antimony Tribromide as Potential NLO Material: Comparison of Experimental and Computational Studies

Semi organic non linear optical single crystals of bis (thiourea) antimony tribromide (BTAB) have been grown and harvested using slow solvent evaporation technique. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the orthorhombic and non centrosymmetric nature of the title compound. The powder XRD and High resolution XRD patterns pronounced the crystalline nature of the BTAB sample. The laser damage threshold (LDT) value of BTAB has been determined as 3.98 GW/cm2 from LDT analysis. The values of thermodynamic parameters like energy of activation, frequency factor, enthalpy change, entropy change and Gibbs free energy change have been calculated from Coats–Redfern model of thermal analysis. Computational studies have been carried out using the Density functional theory (DFT) and the values of hyper polarizability, dipole moment and polarizability of BTAB have been deduced. In order to comprehend the nature of charge distributions and donor–acceptor interactions prevailing in BTAB crystal, Natural bond analysis (NBO) has been carried out. The frontier orbital HOMO–LUMO approach has been employed to arrive at the values of the global chemical molecular reactivity descriptors.

Growth and Characterization of L-Threonine Lithium Chloride: A New Semiorganic Non Linear Optical single Crystal

Growth and Characterization of L-Threonine Lithium Chloride: A New Semiorganic Non Linear Optical single Crystal

1-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol: A novel Mannich base organic NLO crystal for the analysis of electro-optic applications

Organic 2-naphthol derived 1-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol Mannich base non linear optical single crystal was synthesized and crystallized successfully to investigate the suitability of the material for electro-optic device applications. Acetonitrile was used as a solvent to develop optically good quality single crystal. Slow evaporation technique was employed at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction confirms the existence of non-centrosymmetric nature of the grown crystal. The nonlinear optical property was tested by Kurtz and Perry powder technique and the SHG efficiency of MPN was found to be 1.03 times than standard KDP. The PL spectrum of MPN shows blue light emission which confirms the material as potential candidate for the opto-electronic applications. The load dependent hardness was measured by Vickers’ microhardness test and various parameters such as yield strength, stiffness constant were calculated and reported. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss were measured as a function of frequency for different temperatures. The low dielectric constant and dielectric loss confirms the lesser defects and quality of the grown crystal. A fraction amount of activation energy obtained from ac conductivity measurement is an added advantage for electro-optic device fabrication. The dark current of MPN that leads the photo current shows the negative photo conducting nature of the material which may be due to the reduction of charge carriers.

A study on the l-lysine-iodic acid: semi organic non linear optical single crystals for electro-optic applications

Non linear optical single crystals of l-lysine-iodic acid (LLI) of dimensions upto 24 × 14 × 5 mm3 have been grown successfully by slow evaporation technique from aqueous solution. The crystal structure of the grown material was solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and it was found that the LLI crystal belongs to monocinic system with space group P21. Functional groups of the grown crystal were identified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis. The UV–Vis spectral analysis was carried out to measure the transparent range of the LLI crystal which is nearly 85% and the band gap energy is found to be 5.51 eV. Thermal stability and decomposition temperature of LLI crystal was found by means of TGA and DTA analyses. The mechanical behavior of the grown crystal has been employed using Vicker’s micro hardness technique. The Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) efficiency of the crystal was investigated and it was found to be 3.2 times of KDP. The particle size dependent SHG studies of LLI crystals were performed using Nd:YAG laser. The laser damage threshold value of LLI crystal is found to be 8.54 GW/cm2. Dielectric study indicates the reasonable dielectric constant and low dielectric loss of LLI crystal which are essential properties to develop optoelectronic devices. The ac and dc electrical conductivity measurements were carried out at various temperatures. Photoconductivity study exhibits the negative photoconductivity nature of the LLI crystal and the results are discussed for the first time.

Synthesis, growth, optical and DFT calculation of 2-naphthol derived Mannich base organic non linear optical single crystal for frequency conversion applications

2-naphthol derived Mannich base 1-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) (phenyl) methyl) naphthalen-2-ol (MPN) – a nonlinear optical single crystal was synthesized and successfully grown by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The molecular structure was confirmed by single crystal XRD, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral studies. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the crystal belongs to orthorhombic crystal system with non-centrosymmetric space group Pna21. The chemical shift of 5.34ppm (singlet methine CH proton) in 1H NMR and signal for the CH carbon around δ70.169ppm in 13C NMR confirms the formation of the title compound. The crystal growth pattern and dislocations of crystal are analyzed using chemical etching technique. UV cut off wavelength of the material was found to be 212nm. The second harmonic generation (SHG) of MPN was determined from Kurtz Perry powder technique and the efficiency is almost equal to that of standard KDP crystal. The laser damage threshold was measured by passing Nd: YAG laser beam through the sample and it was found to be 1.1974GW/cm2. The material was thermally stable up to 142°C. The relationship between the molecular structure and the optical properties was also studied from quantum chemical calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and reported for the first time.

Influence of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid on the performance of ferrous sulfate hepta hydratenon linear optical single crystal

Optically highly transparent and colored single crystals of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid doped with ferrous sulfate hepta hydrate (FeSO4·7H2O), a nonlinear material, FeEDTA, has been grown from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. The good quality single crystals were harvested within 25 days. The grown crystals were subjected to single crystal X-Ray Diffraction and powder X-Ray Diffraction. The recorded powder diffraction pattern confirmed the purity and crystalline nature of the as grown crystal. The wide transparency seen in the recorded UV-vis-NIR spectrum proved the utility of the crystal in optoelectronics. The photoluminescence spectrum for the grown sample was also recorded. The second harmonic generation efficiency was ascertained by Kurtz and Perry powder technique. Its diamagnetic nature was confirmed by vibration spectrum magnetometer technique.

Synthesis growth and optical properties of semi organic non linear optical single crystal

A new and efficient semi organic nonlinear optical crystal from the amino acid family has been grown by slow evaporation technique from aqueous solution. The crystals structures were solved by direct methods using SIR92 (WINGX) and refined by a full matrix least-square method using SHELXL97. All this compounds crystallized in noncentrosymetric groups. Second harmonic generation measurements were performed by applying the Kurtz and Perry model, to powder samples of compounds at 1,064 nm.

Effect of KDP on the growth, thermal and optical properties of l-alanine single crystals

Non linear optical single crystals of l-alanine have been grown from aqueous solution of potassium di hydrogen phosphate (KDP) by the slow evaporation method. Single crystal X-ray diffraction confirms the orthorhombic structure of the grown crystals. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) studies reveal the presence of functional groups present in the grown crystal. The optical transmission study reveals very good transparency of the crystal and its optical band gap is found to be 4.9eV. The thermal stability of the grown crystal is found to be 288.7°C. The second harmonic generation (SHG) of the material was investigated using pulsed Nd: YAG laser. Third order non linear studies were performed using the single beam Z-scan technique using continuous wave Nd: YAG laser. Closed aperture Z-scan studies reveal negative nonlinearity in the crystals and open aperture Z-scan reveals saturation absorption. Also nonlinear parameter values such as nonlinear refractive index n2, absorption coefficient β and nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) were evaluated for the L-alanine crystal.

Synthesis, growth and optical properties of semi organic non linear optical single crystal: l-Arginine acetate

In the recent past, nonlinear optical materials are getting attention in the field fibre optic communication and optical signal processing. In the present study, the title compound was successfully synthesized by conventional chemical reaction and then the single crystal was grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. l-Arginine acetate (LAA) is semi organic non linear optical single crystal and crystallizes in noncentrosymmetric space group. The grown good quality single crystals have been analyzed by different characterization analyses such as powder X-ray diffraction, high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, SEM, micro-hardness, thermal and birefringence analyses.