Linear Fitting Analysis Research Articles

An Updated Analysis of Long-Term Sea Level Change in China Seas and Their Adjacent Ocean with T/P: Jason-1/2/3 from 1993 to 2022

This study analyzes sea level changes (SLCs) in China seas and their adjacent ocean (CSO) using data from the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1/2/3 satellite altimetry missions from 1993 to 2022. A 30-year time series of sea level anomalies (SLAs) is established, with trends, spatial distribution, and periodicities analyzed through least squares linear fitting, Kriging interpolation, and wavelet analysis. The average yearly sea level rise in the CSO is 3.87 mm, with specific rates of 4.15 mm/yr in the Bohai Sea, 3.96 mm/yr in the Yellow Sea, 3.54 mm/yr in the East China Sea, and 4.09 mm/yr in the South China Sea. This study examines the spatiotemporal variations in SLAs and identifies an annual primary cycle, along with a new periodicity of 11 years. Utilizing 30 years of satellite observation data, particularly the newer Jason-3 satellite data, this reanalysis reveals new findings related to cycles. Overall, the research updates previous studies and provides valuable insights for further investigations into China’s marine environment.

Estimation of Speech Features Using a Wearable Inertial Sensor

Speech features have been investigated as novel digital biomarkers for many psychiatric and neurocognitive diseases. Microphones are the most used devices for speech recording but inevitably suffering from several disadvantages such as privacy leakage and environmental noises, limiting their clinical applications particularly for long-term ambulatory monitoring. The aim of the present study is therefore to explore the feasibility of extracting speech features from the acceleration recorded on the sternum. Ten healthy subjects volunteered in our study. Two speech tasks, i.e., repeating one sentence 20 times and reading 20 different sentences, were performed by each subject, with each task repeated 8 times under different speech rate and loudness. Voice signals and speech-caused chest vibrations were simultaneously recorded by a microphone and an accelerometer placed on the sternum. 42 acoustic features and 6 time-related prosodic features were extracted from both signals using a standard toolbox, and then compared by a linear fit and correlation analysis. Good agreement between the acceleration features and microphone features is observed in all 6 time-related prosodic features for both tasks, but only in 19 and 17 acoustic features for task 1 and 2, respectively, with most of them loudness- or pitch-related. Our results suggest the sternum acceleration to track time-related speech prosody, loudness, and pitch very well, demonstrating the feasibility of deriving digital biomarkers from the acceleration signal for diseases strongly related to time-related prosodic and loudness features.

Experimental study of interception effect by submerged dam on microplastics

Submerged dam can alter microplastic (MP) transport, and act as a sink for MPs. In this paper, we investigated the interception rates of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and Polystyrene (PS) by an artificial submerged dam in a flow flume at first, and found that most of the un-intercepted PVC and PS particles by the dam accumulated behind it under the subcritical (Fr < 1) and turbulent (Re > 500) flows. PVC particles behind the dam mainly concentrated within two dam widths, and the concentration of PS particles decreased with the distance behind the dam lengthening. Then, we performed linear regression fitting and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) between the interception rates collected in 162 experiment tests and environmental factors, including flow velocity, distance to dam and MP concentration. The results showed that the interception rate of PVC and PS particles increased with the distance to dam lengthening, but decreased with the flow velocity and MP concentration heightening. RDA revealed that the interception rate was influenced by flow velocity, distance to dam, and MP concentration from the most to the least. Our findings are believed to contribute to understanding the mechanism of the interception effect of submerged dam on microplastics.

The Role of Platelet Distribution Width in the Association Between Blood Glucose and Neurological Impairment Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Moderated Mediation Model.

Fasting blood glucose (FBG) is a recognized risk factor for Ischemic Stroke, but little research has examined the interaction among FBG, Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and the severity of neuronal damage. Thus, the present study constructs a moderated mediation model aimed to elucidate the relationships among FBG, PDW, and NIHSS scores in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We conducted a cross-sectional study on 431 AIS patients. Upon hospital admission, we assessed the patients' NIHSS scores and collected blood samples to measure FBG and PDW levels. The relationship between FBG and NIHSS scores moderated by PDW was analyzed by linear curve fitting analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and moderated mediation analysis respectively. In the tertile grouping based on FBG, both PDW and NIHSS scores of AIS patients demonstrated an increase corresponding with rising levels of FBG (p<0.001 for both). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that, the β coefficients (95% CI) for the relationship between FBG and NIHSS scores were 1.49 (1.27-1.71, p<0.01) post-adjustment for potential confounders. The β coefficients (95% CI) for the relationship between FBG and PDW were 0.02 (0.01-0.04, p<0.01) post-adjustment. Likewise, for the relationship between PDW and NIHSS scores, the β coefficients (95% CI) were 4.33 (3.07-5.59, p<0.01) after adjustment. These positive association remained consistent in sensitivity analysis and hierarchical analysis. Smoothed plots suggested that there are linear relationships between FBG and PDW and NIHSS scores respectively. Further mediation analysis indicated that increased PDW significantly (p<0.01) mediated 5.91% of FBG-associated increased NIHSS scores. This study suggested that FBG levels were associated with NIHSS scores, and the FBG-associated neurological impairment may be partially mediated by PDW. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring FBG and PDW levels in AIS patients, potentially guiding risk intervention strategies.

Effects of Soil Microorganisms on Carbon Sequestration under Different Mixed Modification Models in Pinus massoniana L. Plantation

In forests, microbial populations in the soil can directly influence the decomposition of carbon from surface plants, promoting carbon storage and stability. However, in sustainable forest management, it is still unclear how soil microorganisms under different plantation types affect organic carbon sequestration and whether the mechanisms of influence are the same. In this research, we focused on four mixed forests and pure Pinus massoniana-planted forest in the state-owned forest farm of Dushan County. Three replicated plots were set up for each model, and soil samples were collected from different layers (0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, and 40–60 cm), totaling 45 samples. We elucidated the effects of soil microorganisms on carbon sequestration under five mixed modification models of P. massoniana and further explored the mechanisms by which microbial functional communities regulate soil carbon sequestration under different mixed models through molecular sequencing and collinear network analysis. Variance analysis indicated that the soil organic carbon (SOC) of the same soil layer varied significantly, and there were also significant differences in the composition of soil bacterial and fungal microbial communities. Moreover, the bacterial community was more sensitive to changes in the vegetation environment, while the fungal community structure was more resistant to changes in the soil environment. Correlation analysis indicated that the diversity and composition of the bacterial community had more positive effects on soil organic carbon than those of the fungal community. Linear fitting and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that particulate organic carbon (POC) in soil had the strongest correlation with SOC content. Soil microorganisms affected the storage and stability of soil carbon mainly by regulating the conversion of litter (carbon sources) into POC. The soil environment of different mixed models had different effects on soil carbon accumulation. Both correlation and collinearity network analyses indicated that soil microbial functional groups could enhance carbon storage by regulating readily oxidizable carbon (EOC) and POC content in mixed forest plantations. The results of our study provide a sound basis for replanting a reasonable forest model structure to improve forest carbon storage.

Ferroelectric properties and current mechanisms of BaTiO3/Nb:SrTiO3 thin films

[Formula: see text] thin film oxides have been deposited on [Formula: see text] substrates using a pulsed laser deposition system. Different annealing methods were thereafter used to assess the ferroelectricity of the grown films. The residual polarization value, 2Pr, of 4.205 [Formula: see text]C/cm2 and saturated residual polarization value, 2Pmax, of 15.484 [Formula: see text]C/cm2 were obtained using in-situ annealing. After performing rapid thermal annealing (RTA) annealing, the residual polarization value rose to 4.676 [Formula: see text]C/cm2 and the saturated residual polarization value rose to 18.723 [Formula: see text]C/cm2. Furthermore, a comparison of results showed that the saturation test frequency of the in-situ annealing was 10 times higher than the saturation test frequency of the RTA. This could be explained by the fact that the secondary high-temperature annealing led to a decrease in the conductivity of the doped oxide and, thereby, a decrease in the effective electric field that was applied to both ends of the BTO ([Formula: see text]) film. Thus, a lower frequency was required to ensure a flip of all ferroelectric domains within the BTO film. By testing the fatigue frequency at 100 kHz, [Formula: see text] stable cycles in both annealing methods and the results confirmed the good stability of the device performance. A linear fit analysis of the [Formula: see text] – [Formula: see text] curves showed under in-situ annealing the presence of both a bulk-limited current mechanism that was dominated by the space charge limited current (SCLC) and Pool–Frenkel (PF) mechanisms, and an interface-limited current that was dominated by the Fowler–Nordheim (FN) mechanism in the structure. After RTA annealing, the conducting mechanism is ohmic contact at low electric field and the SCLC mechanism at high field strength. The results show that after RTA annealing, the quality and ferroelectric properties of the films are significantly improved compared to those under in-situ annealing. These results showed that the BTO/NSTO/STO ([Formula: see text]) structure had a standard test frequency as well as reliable stability. The BTO/NSTO/STO structure showed, therefore, promising applications in future nonvolatile information memory devices.

Study of Linear Model Fitting and Distribution Analysis on Random Numbers Generated in Fortran

In this study, we employed Fortran 90 programming to generate pseudorandom numbers ranging from 0 to 1 at various sample sizes (n = 1000, 500, 250, 125, 63, 32, 16, 8). Subsequently, linear fitting models were applied to the generated data. Our findings indicated that the higher sample size of n=1000 yielded the least asymptotic standard error for both slope ‘a’ and intercept ‘b’ parameters in the linear equation. We observed a decrease in the sum of squares of residuals as the sample size (n) decreased, indicating that the linear model also provided a better fit to the data with smaller sample sizes. The consistent nature of the kernel density estimate plots suggests that as the sample size increases, the estimation becomes more precise and less affected by random noise or sampling variability, further enhancing the reliability of the estimated PDF.

The Influence of Boron Doping on the Structures and Composition of Dicalcium Silicate: A Research Study

This paper investigates the structural transformation of dicalcium silicate (C2S) crystals brought about through boron doping. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to explore the correspondence between boron content and the structure of dicalcium silicate. The results show that boron doping can stabilize β-C2S and the high-temperature phase α′H-C2S, and the structural transformation does not involve the modulation of α′L-C2S. There is a corresponding relationship between the unit cells of β-C2S and α′H-C2S, which can be transformed using a transformation matrix. The relationship between boron content and the content of different C2S structures, as well as the structural expressions for β-C2S and α′H-C2S, is determined using linear fitting and multivariable linear regression analysis.

Research on the strength prediction for pervious concrete based on design porosity and water-to-cement ratio

Abstract The strength prediction of pervious concrete is hard to implement for the mix design due to the porous structure. This work studied the influence of the water-to-cement ratio on the fluidity, viscosity, and mechanical properties of cement paste. Then, the porosity, permeability, and compressive strength of the pervious concrete with various porosities were investigated, and the test results were fitted and analyzed. The result indicates that as the water-to-cement ratio increases, the viscosity of the cement paste reduces and the fluidity increases. The water-to-cement ratio has a negative linear relationship with net slurry strength. The porosity and permeability of pervious concrete fluctuate in accordance with the same rule as the water-to-cement ratio changes. The compressive strength of pervious concrete with varying design porosities increases initially, then declines as the water-to-cement ratio rises. According to the linear fitting analysis, when the water-to-cement ratio is constant, the permeability and compressive strength of pervious concrete have a positive and negative linear relationship with the design porosity, respectively. By analyzing the fitting results and combining the volume method of pervious concrete, a calculation method for mix proportion design is proposed to predict the strength of pervious concrete.

Addition of plantation waste to the bioconversion of pig manure by black soldier fly larvae: Effects on heavy metal content and bioavailability

During the conversion of pig manure by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), the accumulation and speciation changes of heavy metals (HMs) have adverse effects on the environment. In this study, corn straw, rice straw, bamboo chips (BC), wood chips, and rice husk char were added to a bioconversion system to study the accumulation, migration, speciation changes, and microbial correlations of HMs. The results indicated that the addition of BC was most beneficial for the accumulation of HMs (47–72 %) in the BSFL body. In the BC group, the accumulation effect of the BSFL body on zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As) was the most evident (72 and 71 %, respectively). The results of linear fitting (R2 > 0.90) and redundancy analysis (RDA; 90 %) indicated that the bacterium Bacillaceae (Bacillus) was beneficial for increasing the larval weight (LW) of BSFL, and a higher LW accumulated HMs. The addition of BC helped reduce the total amount (6–51 %) of available states (weak acid extraction and reducible states) in the BSFL residue. The RDA results indicated that bacteria (55–92 %) affected the transformation of HM speciation. For example, Zn and cadmium were mainly affected by Firmicutes, whereas copper and chromium were affected by Bacteroidetes. Proteobacteria and Pseudomonas formosensis affected the conversion of lead and As. This study provides important insights into the adsorption of HMs from pig manure by BSFL.

Efficient Self-Assembly Preparation of 3D Carbon-Supported Ti3 C2 Tx Hollow Spheres for High-Performance Potassium Ion Batteries.

MXenes are considered a promising negative electrode material for potassium ion batteries (PIBs) in view of their low potassium ion diffusion barrier and excellent electrical conductivity. However, the stacking phenomenon in practical applications severely reduces their active surface and leads to slow K+ diffusion. Herein, a facile composite template method is proposed to construct stacking-resistance 3D carbon-supported Ti3 C2 Tx (3D-C@Ti3 C2 Tx ) hollow spheres. Due to the unique structure, when used as a negative electrode material, as-prepared 3D-C@Ti3 C2 Tx hollow spheres show not only improved rate capability with 160.4 mAh g-1 at 100mA g-1 and 133.7 mAh g-1 at 500mA g-1 , but also stable cycling performance with 142.5 mAh g-1 specific capacity remained at 2 A g-1 after 4200 cycles. Furthermore, the full cells with 3D-C@Ti3 C2 Tx anode can operate stably for 1000 cycles at 100mA g-1 . Moreover, the linear fit analysis demonstrates that 3D-C@Ti3 C2 Tx hollow spheres have a fast and stable capacitive potassium storage mechanism. This method is simple and easy to implement, which provide a feasible path to solve the stacking problem of 2D materials.

Comprehensive scientometrics and visualization study profiles lymphoma metabolism and identifies its significant research signatures.

There is a wealth of poorly utilized unstructured data on lymphoma metabolism, and scientometrics and visualization study could serve as a robust tool to address this issue. Hence, it was implemented. After strict quality control, numerous data regarding the lymphoma metabolism were mined, quantified, cleaned, fused, and visualized from documents (n = 2925) limited from 2013 to 2022 using R packages, VOSviewer, and GraphPad Prism. The linear fitting analysis generated functions predicting the annual publication number (y = 31.685x - 63628, R² = 0.93614, Prediction in 2027: 598) and citation number (y = 1363.7x - 2746019, R² = 0.94956, Prediction in 2027: 18201). In the last decade, the most academically performing author, journal, country, and affiliation were Meignan Michel (n = 35), European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (n = 1653), USA (n = 3114), and University of Pennsylvania (n = 86), respectively. The hierarchical clustering based on unsupervised learning further divided research signatures into five clusters, including the basic study cluster (Cluster 1, Total Link Strength [TLS] = 1670, Total Occurrence [TO] = 832) and clinical study cluster (Cluster 3, TLS = 3496, TO = 1328). The timeline distribution indicated that radiomics and artificial intelligence (Cluster 4, Average Publication Year = 2019.39 ± 0.21) is a relatively new research cluster, and more endeavors deserve. Research signature burst and linear regression analysis further confirmed the findings above and revealed additional important results, such as tumor microenvironment (a = 0.6848, R² = 0.5194, p = 0.019) and immunotherapy (a = 1.036, R² = 0.6687, p = 0.004). More interestingly, by performing a "Walktrap" algorithm, the community map indicated that the "apoptosis, metabolism, chemotherapy" (Centrality = 12, Density = 6), "lymphoma, pet/ct, prognosis" (Centrality = 11, Density = 1), and "genotoxicity, mutagenicity" (Centrality = 9, Density = 4) are crucial but still under-explored, illustrating the potentiality of these research signatures in the field of the lymphoma metabolism. This study comprehensively mines valuable information and offers significant predictions about lymphoma metabolism for its clinical and experimental practice.

Archaea are better adapted to antimony stress than their bacterial counterparts in Xikuangshan groundwater

Archaea are important ecological components of microbial communities in various environments, but are currently poorly investigated in antimony (Sb) contaminated groundwater particularly on their ecological differences in comparison with bacteria. To address this issue, groundwater samples were collected from Xikuangshan aquifer along an Sb gradient and subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. The results demonstrated that bacterial communities were more susceptibly affected by elevated Sb concentration than their archaeal counterparts, and the positive stimulation of Sb concentration on bacterial diversity coincided with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Overall, the balance of environmental variables (Sb, pH, and EC), competitive interactions, and stochastic events jointly regulated bacterial and archaeal communities. Linear fitting analysis revealed that Sb significantly drove the deterministic process (heterogeneous selection) of bacterial communities, whereas stochastic process (dispersal limitation) contributed more to archaeal community assembly. In contract, the assembly of Sb-resistant bacteria and archaea was dominated by the stochastic process (undominated), which implied the important role of diversification and drift instead of selection. Compared with Sb-resistant microorganisms, bacterial and archaeal communities showed lower niche width, which may result from the constraints of Sb concentration and competitive interaction. Moreover, Sb-resistant archaea had a higher niche than that of Sb-resistant bacteria via investing on flexible metabolic pathways such as organic metabolism, ammonia oxidation; and carbon fixation to enhance their competitiveness. Our results offered new insights into the ecological adaptation mechanisms of bacteria and archaea in Sb-contaminated groundwater.

Variations of precipitable water vapor in sandstorm season determined from GNSS data: the case of China’s Wuhai

In recent years, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has witnessed rapid development. However, during the sandstorm season, the precipitable water vapor (PWVGNSS) determined from the GNSS data produces large fluctuations due to the influence of particulate matter, which can indirectly reflect the change in particulate matter concentration. To study the variations of PWVGNSS during the sandstorm season, daily data of PWVGNSS, particulate matter (PM10), and precipitation in Wuhai from 2017 to 2021 were used in this study. The principal components of PWV residual (PWVRPC) were obtained by using the least-squares linear fitting, singular spectrum analysis, and least-squares spectral analysis on PWVGNSS. The principal components of PM10 (PM10PC) were obtained by using least squares linear fitting and singular spectrum analysis for PM10. This study performed a correlation analysis of PWVRPC with PM10PC and precipitation data. The results showed a strong correlation between PWVRPC and PM10PC, with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.6. However, it was found that the correlation between PWVRPC and precipitation was not significant. This indicates that during the sandstorm season, PM10 affects PWV determined from GNSS data.Graphical

Seismic behavior and simplified hysteretic model of precast concrete wall panels with bolted connections under cyclic loading

Bolted prefabricated concrete wall panel structures are considered to be of great advantage in the current construction industry as they allow efficient recycling or direct replacement of aging components for structural renewal and repair. However, the parts of bolted connectors still have many problems such as complex construction and high positioning accuracy requirements. Furthermore, comparative studies on different bolted connections have been limited to date. This paper proposes a simplified tensile-bolt connection and a shear bolt-steel plate connection for low-rise wall-based structures in earthquake-prone zones, which can adapt to the fast-easy and reliable installation manners on construction sites. Three tension-bolted specimens and three shear-bolted specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading. The seismic performances studied include failure modes, hysteretic behaviors, deformation, energy dissipation capacity, stiffness degradation, and steel strain distributions. The results indicated that both types of bolted specimens meet the seismic safety of low-rise buildings. By analyzing the typical skeleton curve and hysteretic loop of the specimens, based on a linear regression fitting analysis, the characteristic points of the proposed skeleton model curves were proposed which could evaluate the restoring characteristics of the curves well. A simplified restoring force model was proposed which has a high evaluation accuracy. The research results can give references to the further application of bolt-connected fabricated wall panel structures.

Study on Monitoring SPAD Values for Multispatial Spatial Vertical Scales of Summer Maize Based on UAV Multispectral Remote Sensing

Rapid acquisition of chlorophyll content in maize leaves is of great significance for timely monitoring of maize plant health and guiding field management. In order to accurately detect the relative chlorophyll content of summer maize and study the responsiveness of vegetation indices to SPAD (soil and plant analyzer development) values of summer maize at different spatial vertical scales, this paper established a prediction model for SPAD values of summer maize leaves at different spatial scales based on UAV multispectral images. The experiment collected multispectral image data from summer maize at the jointing stage and selected eight vegetation indices. By using the sparrow search optimized kernel limit learning machine (SSA-KELM), the prediction models for canopy leaf (CL) SPADCL and ear leaf (EL) SPADEL were established, and a linear fitting analysis was conducted combining the measured SPADCL values and SPADEL values on the ground. The results showed that for SPADCL, the R2 of the linear fitting between the predicted values and measured values was 0.899, and the RMSE was 1.068. For SPADEL, the R2 of linear fitting between the predicted values and the measured values was 0.837, and the RMSE was 0.89. Compared with the model established by the partial least squares method (PLSR), it is found that the sparrow search optimized kernel limit learning machine (SSA-KELM) has more precise prediction results with better stability and adaptability for small sample prediction. The research results can provide technical support for remote sensing monitoring of the chlorophyll content of summer maize at different spatial scales.

Thickness of a Compost Layer on the Distribution of Water and Nutrients in a Surface-Drip-Irrigated Sandy Soil Column

The management of crop production in a sandy soil “culture” is difficult, mainly due to its low soil-water-holding capacity, organic matter and poor fertilizer efficiency. Options to increase soil water and nutrient retention for these soils include the addition of surface mulch covers, amendment with biochar and the use of layers of a mixture of charcoal and compost material. Our objective was to measure the distribution of water and nutrients for layers of control 1 (CK1), control 2 (CK2) and compost material of different thicknesses (0.02, 0.05 and 0.10 m) buried 0.01 m from the surface in a column (0.2 m radius, 0.5 m height) filled with sand. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse located at the Agricultural Science Training Base of Ningxia University, China. There were three replicates per treatment and one soil column per replicate. The soil columns were watered with 2 L via a surface drip emitter and 45 days later, soil samples were obtained in 0.01 m increments across the diameter and depth of 0.4 m, with a total of 12 samples per column. In each sample, we measured soil water, pH, electrical conductivity, ammonium and nitrate nitrogen and available P and K. The results showed that the distribution of water content and nutrient contents were centered on the dripper and diffused to its surroundings. Notably, the horizontal diffusion distance was smaller than that of the vertical direction. In the vertical direction, compared with control 1, adding compost changed the spatial distribution of WC and nutrients and had a greater impact on available potassium (AK) than on inorganic nitrogen (IN) and available phosphorus (AP). Compared with control 1, the composting treatment decreased the content of water in the 0–10 cm surface soil, reduced the electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), C5 and C10 increased the available potassium. Moreover, composting treatments increased the electrical conductivity, available phosphorus, available potassium and nitrate nitrogen of the 10–30 cm substrate by 61–384%, 10–240%, 11–45% and 133–929%, respectively, when compared with control 1.The nutrients increased as the thickness of the compost interlayer increased. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the C5 and C10 treatments significantly distinguished them from control 1. A linear regression fitting analysis showed that the inorganic nitrogen, available potassium and total nutrients positively correlated with the water content and electrical conductivity of the sand. The 5 cm and 10 cm composting interlayers had a high water content and ability to conserve fertilizer for sand culture, but C10 caused an excessive accumulation of nutrients. Thus, it was concluded that a composting interlayer that was less than 5 cm reduced the base fertilizer input by 24–84%. All these results suggest that applying a composting interlayer of 5 cm could retain more suitable root zone water and fertilizer for the next crop season and provide technological support to reduce fertilizer inputs.

Circulating Leukocyte as an Inflammatory Biomarker: Association with Fibrinogen and Neuronal Damage in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Leukocytes and fibrinogen are inflammatory markers involved in circulating and central inflammatory response after ischemic stroke. However, the interaction between circulating leukocytes and serum fibrinogen and neuronal injury in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association between circulating leukocyte and serum fibrinogen and neuronal injury respectively in AIS. A cross-section study with 431 hospitalized AIS patients from department of neurology was performed. Circulating leukocytes and fibrinogen were measured, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was detected to evaluate central neuronal damage. A propensity score matching method was used to minimize the effects of confounding factors. The relationship between leukocytes and NSE and fibrinogen was analyzed by linear curve fitting analysis and multiple logistic regression models respectively. The mean levels of NSE, leukocyte, and fibrinogen were significantly higher in the matched AIS group (n=89) than those of in the healthy control group (n=89) (all p<0.05). Both serum NSE and fibrinogen were increased with the increasing of leukocyte in AIS patients (both p<0.05). Smoothed plots suggested that there are linear relationships between leukocyte and NSE and fibrinogen respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the OR (95%) for the relationship between leukocyte and high NSE were 1.13 (1.01-1.26, p=0.031) and 1.13 (1.00-1.28, p=0.048), and between leukocyte and high fibrinogen were 1.40 (1.22-1.61, p<0.001) and 1.35 (1.15-1.58, p<0.001) in all AIS patients before and after adjusting for potential confounders. Our study suggests that elevated circulating leukocyte was associated with high fibrinogen and neuronal injury in AIS. Therefore, there may be potential targets among circulating leukocyte, fibrinogen and NSE that should be intervened to reduce inflammatory reaction after ischemic stroke.

Relationship between hindgut microbes and feed conversion ratio in Hu sheep and microbial longitudinal development.

Feed efficiency is an important indicator in the sheep production process, which plays an important role in improving economic benefits and strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction. Compared with the rumen, the fermentation of the hindgut microorganisms can also provide part of the energy for the host, and the composition of the hindgut microorganisms will affect the feed efficiency. Therefore, we hope to find new ways to regulate sheep feed efficiency by studying the sheep gut microbes. In this study, male Hu sheep with the same birth date were raised under the same conditions until 180 d old. The sheep were divided into high and low groups according to the feed conversion ratio (FCR) at 80 to 180 d old, and the differences in rectal microorganisms between the two groups were compared. The permutational multivariate analysis (PERMANOVA) test showed that there were differences in microorganisms between the two groups (P < 0.05). Combined with linear fitting analysis, a total of six biomarkers were identified, including Ruminobacter, Eubacterium_xylanophilum_group, Romboutsia, etc. Functional enrichment analysis showed that microorganisms may affect FCR through volatile fatty acids synthesis and inflammatory response. At the same time, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of the hindgut microbes, sampling nine-time points throughout the sheep birth to market stages. The microbiota is clearly divided into two parts: before weaning and after weaning, and after weaning microbes are less affected by before weaning microbial composition.

Spatiotemporal Differentiation Pattern and Influence Mechanism of Urban Resilience in Jiangsu Province

This study from the "ecological environment-infrastructure-social livelihood-economic development" four aspects of urban toughness evaluation framework and index system, in 2012-2020 as the research object, based on GIS analysis platform, using entropy method, spatial autocorrelation, linear fitting and other spatial analysis method, Jiangsu urban toughness temporal differentiation evolution pattern, and reveal the influence mechanism through geographical detector. The study found that: (1) from the perspective of the spatial differentiation pattern, high in the south and low in the north, cold in the north, southern Jiangsu is the core area of high toughness hot spots, showing point distribution; northern Jiangsu is low toughness cold point area, showing surface distribution. (2) The spatial and temporal differentiation pattern of urban resilience in Jiangsu Province is formed by the interactive influence of ecological environment, infrastructure, social and people's livelihood, economic development and other factors, among which economic development is the dominant factor.