Limited Area Of Interest Research Articles

Object- Versus Pixel-Based Unsupervised Fire Burn Scar Mapping under Different Biogeographical Conditions in Europe

Wildfire detection and mapping is crucial for managing natural resources and preventing further environmental damage. In this study, we compared two methods of mapping burn scars using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, a pixel-based approach and an object-based approach, at test sites located in various climatic zones with diverse land cover synthesis. The study aimed to determine the advantages and limitations of each method in terms of accuracy and precision in detecting burn scars. The results showed that both methods could detect burn scars with high accuracy, but with some limitations. The F1 score was in the range of 0.64–0.89 for the object-based approach, and 0.58–0.90 for the pixel-based approach. The pixel-based method produced a more precise delineation of the burnt area, but it was only suitable for detecting burn scars in a limited area of interest. The object-based method, on the other hand, was able to detect burn scars over a larger area accurately but with some commission errors. The results of both methods were also compared to the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS) rapid mapping product.

Enhanced dynamic equivalent identification method of large-scale power systems using multiple events

The increasing complexity of the interconnected power system makes high-fidelity dynamic simulation models computationally more intensive. To improve computation efficiency, model reduction techniques have been investigated to only preserve the dynamics in a limited area of interest (study area), while deriving equivalent representation for the external area. For this purpose, a measurement-based reduction approach using system identification techniques has been previously proposed. In that case, external areas are represented by dynamic equivalent loads using transfer function estimation. In this paper, in order to enhance the accuracy of the reduced model in preserving dynamics of the study area, multiple “grid” events of different types and at different locations are considered for identifying the parameters of the equivalent loads. Case studies are carried out in the NPCC 140-bus system. Comparisons are made between multiple events training and single event training, highlighting the advantages of the proposed method in providing a better representation of the grid dynamics under different operating conditions.

The Framing of a Problem through Gaming (Mathematics-STEM) Subject Content Areas

According to Demeter (2015) over the past fourty years, scientists, engineers, philosophers, and psychologists have been concerned with the infinite number of social, economic, and physical issues that exist and that cannot be dealt with in isolation. As agruged by Wong, Luo, and Fong (2019) it has been found through experiments and piloting techniques that the existing traditional methods and knowledge is not suited into coping and addressing the unique and sophisticated situations. In the process of searching and coming up with techniques such the use of Bernoulli’s principle for aerodynamics and aviation, perturbation techniques, and the nonlinear approximation methods, it was discovered that physics, chemistry, and mathematics brings out a limited area of interest and therefore can only offer solutions to problems in narrow perspectives. For example, the aforementioned disciplines majorly concentrated on a particular subject of interest and use limited principles towards solving the identified problem, that is to say, a significant number of assumptions are brought into play in order to help in arriving at the intended destinations. Notably, the techniques applied in solving scientific problems do not regard competing frameworks and this contributed to their limited nature in solving social and physical problems. As suggested by Leaver,Willson, and Torres (2016) it is against this backdrop that, framing of a problem through gaming techniques in subject content areas is being encouraged since it involves competing frameworks and consequently works to reduce the number of assumptions plunged in the process of solving mathematical problem. Gaming techniques entails the combination of various techniques that can deal with adversities, uncertainty, unique, and sophisticated situations in the field of science. Fundamentally, framing of a problem through gaming tricks provides an advantage of combining the social-human with economic, technological, and physical domains. The outcome associated with the gaming technique is scientific improvements and increased applications of the available knowledge and information (Wong, Luo, and Fong, 2019).

O bibliografii pszczelnictwa polskiego

The article is concerned to outline the present state o f retrospective apiculture bibliography. Bibliography in this held has not been worked out consistently and uniformly so far and still remains very patchy. The basis for the bibliography is formed by the listings made by Tadeusz Grochowski, Antoni Jakubski and Wacław Kranowski, partly complementing one another. The initiatives o f creating a comprehensive bibliography that have been taken to date were not successful. Undoubtedly, one of the reasons behind those failures is the very wide t hematic scope that has to be included. The tradition of Polish apiculture has created it own bibliographical canon. According to this canon regarding publications, basically books and periodicals published in the Polish language are only entered in bibliographies. The range of the bibliography covers thus a limited area of interest and results in its constraints and drawbacks. The article discusses the beginnings of the periodical press covering problems of apiculture and points out at the fact that there is no full and comprehensive listing of titles published in the areas historically or ethnically related to or associated with Poland. The article also recalls apicultura] periodicals that have been published locally in the Wielkopolska region. Apart from the need for compiling a full and comprehensive bibliography of publications and more important texts from periodicals as well as a complete listing o f periodicals, the absence of the subject bibliography of The Rev. Dr. Jan Dzierżoń is additionally mentioned in the article. The author proposes working out separate apicultural bibliographies covering material produced in Silesia, Western Pomerania and parts of Eastern Prussia. A modern bibliography that would record the entire output of broadly-understood Polish apicultural literature in line with current research standards still needs to be worked out.

Comparison of Local Grid Refinement Methods for MODFLOW

Many ground water modeling efforts use a finite-difference method to solve the ground water flow equation, and many of these models require a relatively fine-grid discretization to accurately represent the selected process in limited areas of interest. Use of a fine grid over the entire domain can be computationally prohibitive; using a variably spaced grid can lead to cells with a large aspect ratio and refinement in areas where detail is not needed. One solution is to use local-grid refinement (LGR) whereby the grid is only refined in the area of interest. This work reviews some LGR methods and identifies advantages and drawbacks in test cases using MODFLOW-2000. The first test case is two dimensional and heterogeneous; the second is three dimensional and includes interaction with a meandering river. Results include simulations using a uniform fine grid, a variably spaced grid, a traditional method of LGR without feedback, and a new shared node method with feedback. Discrepancies from the solution obtained with the uniform fine grid are investigated. For the models tested, the traditional one-way coupled approaches produced discrepancies in head up to 6.8% and discrepancies in cell-to-cell fluxes up to 7.1%, while the new method has head and cell-to-cell flux discrepancies of 0.089% and 0.14%, respectively. Additional results highlight the accuracy, flexibility, and CPU time trade-off of these methods and demonstrate how the new method can be successfully implemented to model surface water-ground water interactions.

LIMITED AREA WEATHER PREDICTION MODELS VIEWED AS DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

Different strategies for building high-resolution models providing a more detailed description of a limited area of interest as for example, in regional weather forecasts are developed. They are subsequently compared, on the basis of the dynamical behavior generated by the corresponding models. The statistical properties of the relevant fields are analyzed, and predictability experiments are performed on statistical ensembles of close lying trajectories whose mean distance represents the uncertainty in the initial state of the system. The results show that a global, variable-mesh model performs much better than a limited area fine mesh one embedded into a coarser global model.

The FRS-68010-a new ground station concept for the acquisition and analysis of NOAA HRPT data from a spatially limited area of interest

A concepts for NOAA (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) ground station using a pointing array of Yagi-type antenna instead of a tracking disk is presented. The antenna configuration provides a sufficient signal level for the reliable acquisition of high resolution picture transmission (HRPT) data of spatially limited area of interest. A 68010-based microcomputer system is used to store, retrieve, and display the data. The author's original intent was to process the data on the FRS-68010 system, but in light of the recently greatly increased availability, in Australia, of PC-type microcomputer hardware and software it was decided to transfer the data to one of these machines and utilize commercially available software for data processing. >

A Guide to American Accounting Standards

Over the last fifty years, the official responsibility of setting standards for the American accounting profession has been assumed successively by four different bodies. Each of these bodies has produced an array of publications of varying degrees of importance. Other groups have published standards for more limited areas of interest and have issued interpretations of and comments on the official standards. The resulting mass of official and unofficial publications from a variety of organizations can be very confusing to both the librarian and the patron. This paper attempts to clarify the roles of these bodies and their publications and describe methods of access to the publications.