Tree Limbs Research Articles

PM 7/31 (2) Citrus tristeza virus

<scp>PM</scp> 7/31 (2) Citrus tristeza virus

The Hoatzin

Joel Cracraft introduces the Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin), an odd and enigmatic bird that defies classification.

Estimating arboreality and the effects of forest structure on tropical tree‐dwelling mesomammals using arboreal camera traps

AbstractTropical forests are the most species‐rich biomes in the world but suffer high rates of logging and conversion. Tropical tree‐dwelling (arboreal and semi‐arboreal) mesomammals reliant on old‐growth forest structures are especially vulnerable. The degree of behavioral arboreality of semi‐arboreal mammals can be related to forest structure and perceived terrestrial threats. Paired arboreal and terrestrial camera traps are a promising new method for estimating the arboreality of cryptic and nocturnal species. Our study aimed to (1) model the effects of forest structure and anthropogenic disturbance on the detection and occurrence of arboreal and semi‐arboreal mesomammals and (2) evaluate differences in occurrence and detection between paired arboreal and terrestrial camera trap sites for semi‐arboreal mammals while estimating the degree of arboreality. We set 20 terrestrial and arboreal camera trap pairs in eastern Cat Tien National Park (Nam Cat Tien), Vietnam, from June 2019 to September 2020. We evaluated the effects of forest structure and proximity to roads on nine arboreal mesomammal species using single‐season occupancy models. We used multi‐scale occupancy modeling to estimate the degree of arboreality for four semi‐arboreal mammals. All models were fit using hierarchical Bayesian modeling and compared using WAIC. We detected most arboreal and terrestrial mesomammal species currently known to inhabit Nam Cat Tien, including rare and cryptic species. Canopy connectivity and other mature forest characteristics were important for explaining the detection and occurrence of highly arboreal species, while the effect of a tree and focal limb characteristics on detection was species‐specific. All semi‐arboreal species had a greater probability of terrestrial station use than arboreal, suggesting a greater vulnerability to terrestrial threats, though the degree of arboreality varied by species. Using one sampling method underestimated occupancy for most semi‐arboreal species. Multi‐method sampling designs with multi‐scale occupancy modeling can improve estimates of species distribution and habitat use for guiding management and conservation decisions.

Song of the Andoumboulou: 300

Song of the Andoumboulou: 300

A Ballad and a Movie: Scandinavian TSB B21 and Ingmar Bergman's The Virgin Spring

A Ballad and a Movie: Scandinavian TSB B21 and Ingmar Bergman's <i>The Virgin Spring</i>

Night on Earth

Night on Earth

Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome after Traumatic Rectal Injury: A Case Report

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare, progressive, life-threatening condition of thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and renal impairment. The mechanisms underlying aHUS remain unclear. Herein, we present the first case in the literature of aHUS after a traumatic injury. A 55-year-old male visited the emergency department after a traumatic injury caused by a tree limb. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a rectal wall defect with significant air density in the perirectal space and preperitoneum, implying rectal perforation. Due to the absence of intraperitoneal intestinal perforation, we performed diverting sigmoid loop colostomy. An additional intermittent simple repair was performed due to perianal and anal injuries. One day postoperatively, his urine output abruptly decreased and serum creatinine level increased. His platelet level decreased, and a spiking fever occurred after 2 days. The patient was diagnosed with acute renal failure secondary to aHUS and was treated with fresh frozen plasma replacement. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was also started for oliguria and uremic symptoms. The patient received CRRT for 3 days and intermittent hemodialysis thereafter. After hemodialysis and subsequent supportive treatment, his urine output and renal function improved. The hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia also gradually improved. Dialysis was terminated on day 22 of admission and the patient was discharged after recovery. This case suggests that that a traumatic event can trigger aHUS, which should be considered in patients who have thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are critical for favorable outcomes.

Citrus species: Modern functional food and nutraceutical-based product ingredient

Citrus is the most cultivated fruit crop in the world and occupies a place of considerable importance in the country’s economy. Almost 33% of the citrus fruits are processed for juice production; however, a great amount of wastes, including peels, segment membranes, and seeds are also produced. Indeed, citrus fruits consist of 45% juice, 26% pulp, 27% peels, and 2% seeds. Pruning, a cultural practice involving the removal of tree branches and limbs, was applied to improve fruit’s quality. A large amount of leaves are produced through pruning. These agri-food matrices contain a wide range of bioactive phytochemicals compared to fruits. The present review covers the past 5 years of research carried out in chemistry, health properties, and applications in food and nutraceutical industries of all portions of citrus fruit and its major bioactive compounds. Additionally, patents are also included.

Plant\u2013rodent interactions after a heavy snowfall decrease plant regeneration and soil carbon emission in an old-growth forest

BackgroundClimate extremes are likely to become more common in the future and are expected to change ecosystem processes and functions. As important consumers of seeds in forests, rodents are likely to affect forest regeneration following an extreme weather event. In April 2015, we began a field experiment after an extreme snowfall event in January 2015 in a primary forest that was > 300 years old. The heavy snow broke many tree limbs, which presumably reduced the numbers of seeds produced. Two treatments (rodent exclusion and rodent access) were established in the forest, in which rodent exclusion were achieved by placing stainlessness nets around the plot borders. Plant abundance, plant species richness, soil properties, soil microbial community composition, basal and substrate-induced respiration were determined in December 2017.ResultsPlant abundance and species richness significantly increased, but soil microbial biomass decreased with rodent exclusion. Urease activity and soil basal respiration also significantly decreased with rodent exclusion. Most other soil properties, however, were unaffected by rodent exclusion. The relative effects of multiple predictors of basal respiration were mainly explained by the composition of the soil microbial community.ConclusionsAfter a heavy snowfall in an old-growth forest, exclusion of rodents increased plant regeneration and reduced microbial biomass and soil basal respiration. The main factor associated with the reduction in soil basal respiration was the change in the composition of the soil microbial community. These findings suggest that after a heavy snowfall, rodents may interfere with forest regeneration by directly reducing plant diversity and abundance but may enhance carbon retention by indirectly altering the soil microbial community.

Accidental Deaths Involving Trees: Professional and Nonprofessional Woodcutting and Tree Failures With Autopsy Findings.

We examined all deaths in Connecticut involving tree mishaps (struck by a tree/tree limb, injuries associated with tree removal operations). Records of the Connecticut Office of the Chief Medical Examiner including autopsy, toxicology, and investigators' reports of deaths from 2004 to 2019 were reviewed. All underwent autopsy examination.There were 64 fatalities, with ages ranging from 4 to 90 years (mean, 50 years). The causes of death involved the following: 56 blunt injury (primary site: 25 head, 13 multiple locations, 11 torso, and 7 neck), 5 traumatic asphyxia, 2 electrocution, and 1 chainsaw injury. Deaths were classified into 3 groups: 21 nonprofessional woodcutters, 19 professional woodcutters, and 24 tree failures. Among all woodcutters (100% men), impact by a falling tree/limb (78%) was the most common fatal event, and the most common lethal injury site was the head (45%). For tree failures, 58% involved storm/high-wind events, whereas 42% were spontaneous. Of the tree failure events, 58% involved motor vehicles, with most (86%) occurring while driving. Ethanol was detected in 6 decedents with blood concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.19 gm%, of which 4 were nonprofessional and 2 were professional woodcutters. There were some seasonal differences among the 3 groups.Overall, fatalities of nonprofessional woodcutters, compared with professionals, were more likely to involve an older man (58 vs 40 years), working alone (67% vs 11%), and under the influence of ethanol (19% vs 11%) in late summer-autumn who dies of blunt head trauma from a falling tree or tree limb. Aggressive tree control management along highways has been used to attempt to decrease storm-related fatalities.

Sonographic Evaluation of a Perpetual Penetrating Retained Wood Splinter, Ulnar Artery Occlusion, and Soft Tissue Swelling in the Left Arm

Penetrating foreign bodies are frequently encountered, most commonly wood, glass, or metal slivers. Retained foreign bodies are often overlooked on initial examination and only 15% of wooden foreign bodies are detected by radiographic visualization such as radiography (X-ray), computerized tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Soft tissue infection is the most common complication of a penetrating foreign body. This case report describes a 63-year-old man who was caught under a falling tree limb. His left forearm was speared by a large branch causing an open wound. Ten years later, the patient presented to the emergency department with pain, edema, and erythema. A left arm venous duplex was performed using dynamic B-mode imaging with pulsed Doppler to evaluate the venous system for thrombosis and a palpable mass. Sonography revealed a “perpetual” retained linear foreign body encased in a fluid collection and a distal ulnar artery occlusion with reconstitution of flow at the level of the wrist. Surgical correlation confirmed the presence, size, and location of the foreign body and associated fluid and debris. The foreign body, a wood splinter, was surgically removed without complications.

The Curious Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) Trees in Schulman Grove, Mesa Verde National Park, Southwestern Colorado, USA

In 1954, archaeologists James Allen Lancaster and Don Watson and dendrochronologist Edmund Schulman asserted that a small grove of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirbel] Franco var. glauca [Beissener] Franco) trees in Navajo Canyon on the west side of Chapin Mesa in Mesa Verde National Park contained evidence of stone-axe-cut tree limbs. In 1965, archaeologists Robert Nichols and David Smith published an article entitled “Evidence of Prehistoric Cultivation of Douglas-Fir Trees at Mesa Verde,” in which they supported the Lancaster/Watson/Schulman assertion with tree-ring dates from suspected stone-axe-cut limbs. If correct, Nichols and Smith (1965) document the only trees in the entire U.S. Southwest that contain ancient stone-axe-cut stubs and evidence of precolumbian forest management. Rather than accept their interpretations at face value, we attempt to replicate their dates through the (re)analysis of archived and recently collected tree-ring samples, and through a controlled analysis and comparison of archived and published records. We could not confirm their results, and we have no option but to reject their claim that Schulman Grove contains evidence of precolumbian tree manipulation by Ancestral Puebloan inhabitants of Mesa Verde.

Palynological diagrams of Holocene sediments and ice wedges at the mouth of the Seyakha River (Zelenaya), Yamal Peninsula

This article examines the sections of the high floodplain of the Seyakha River (Zelenaya) and sections of Holocene peat layers with ice wedges on the third terrace.&amp;nbsp;Palynospectra from sediments and ice wedges of the high floodplain are characterized by a rhythmic fluctuations typical to floodplain facies.&amp;nbsp;The presence of spruce pollen is related to resedimentation, since spruce pollen is detected in the samples with the composition of verifiably resedimented palynomorphs around 10% or higher.&amp;nbsp;The change in composition of the pollen of Siberian pine, scots pine, and birch tree is associated with a change in wind drift, since&amp;nbsp;fluctuations in the composition of the pollen of these taxonomic units do not correlate with fluctuations in resedimented palynomorphs.&amp;nbsp;Therefore, the three periods of increased wind drift and possible increase in pollen productivity can be determined based on mid-period contrast changes in the structure of palynospectra.&amp;nbsp;At the same time, the local peak of cereals is replaced three times by the maximum pollen of dwarf birch and alder.&amp;nbsp;The absence of larch trunks can be substantiated by fires, the traces of which are observed in the section, as well as that larch at the northern limit of its habitat has crumbly wood tissue, which is being rapidly destroyed.&amp;nbsp;Tree limb, needles, and cones usually remain, while the wood tissue is absent.&amp;nbsp;It is assumed that ice wedges formed here 8.5-6 thousand years ago during a single cycle of the change in wind direction and speed , when prevalence of birch tree pollen with some alder pollen at a relatively low pollen concentration was replaced by the dominance of gramineae pollen, and then, dwarf birch pollen in the spring pollen rain. Palynospectra of these ice wedges indicates an increase in the sum of positive temperatures from 8.3 to 6 thousand years.

Contrasting Behavioral and Electrophysiological Responses of Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus and E. brandti (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Volatiles Emitted from the Tree of Heaven, Ailanthus altissima.

Simple SummaryEucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus (Motschulsky) and E. brandti (Harold) are significant pests of tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima, often leading to tree death. Monitoring systems that involve host–plant based attractants need to be developed for both insect pest species. Here, we compared the behavioral and electrophysiological responses of E. scrobiculatus and E. brandti to volatiles emitted by various parts of the host plant. Host plant-derived volatiles showed to play a greater role in the foraging behavior of E. brandti than in E. scrobiculatus. Volatile components of phloem were found to be particularly attractive to E. brandti.Eucryptorrhynchus scrobiculatus and E. brandti (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are host-specific pests of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae), causing extensive damage to the host. There are no effective attractants available for pest management. The main aim of this study was to explore the role of host plant-derived volatiles in the behavioral response of both weevil species. In a field experiment, both weevil species showed positive response to phloem, and there was no preference for phloem associated with healthy or injured trees. Significantly more E. brandti adults responded to the olfactory treatments compared to E. scrobiculatus. In a large-arena experiment, both males and females of E. scrobiculatus significantly preferred phloem from the tree trunk while adults of E. brandti responded in significantly greater numbers to tree limbs than to any other parts of host. Females and males of E. scrobiculatus responded positively to all parts of host tested in the Y-tube bioassay, while E. brandti adults were only attracted by the phloem from healthy and injured trees. There were dissimilar electroantennographic responses to compounds such as 1-hexanol and (1S)-(−)-β-pinene between the two weevil species. This study represents the first report documenting behavioral and electrophysiological responses of E. scrobiculatus and E. brandti to volatiles from various parts of A. altissima and findings may aid efforts to develop attractants.

Disquiet by Zülfü Livaneli

BOOKS IN REVIEW Rosanna Bruno & Anne Carson Euripides’Trojan Women: A Comic Trans. Anne Carson. New York. New Directions. 2021. 96 pages. TO CLASSIFY ANNE CARSON’S version of Euripides’ play The Trojan Women as a translation is to use the term lightly, for, in collaboration with Rosanna Bruno, she has transformed it into a graphic novel, fiercely experimental in both word and image. As she previously demonstrated in her rendering of Sappho’s poems, If Not Winter, Carson is an exceptionally gifted translator, but here she has deliberately cast aside literal translation. By abandoning Euripides’ original words and syntax, and indeed the task of literary translation itself, Carson lays bare the central emotion of the women in the play and forces us to feel in our very nerve endings what it is like to be abandoned. Carson teams up with Bruno to produce a playfully surrealistic portrayal of the Trojan women as they have never been seen before—as scraggly dogs, woebegone cows, a scrawny split tree limb, or an oddly abstracted pair of overalls tethered to an owl mask. Yet there is brilliance in Carson’s seemingly improbable conception of the play as a comic book—the daring change of format has the effect of heightening and revitalizing the primary drama of women objectified and enslaved. In Greek myths, the emotional pitch of the characters is so strong that their very bodies can no longer remain intact but erupt into the changed forms of spider, bird, and tree. Similarly, in Carson’s latest work the intense level of female mourning has reached such extreme intensity after the Trojan defeat that the sufferers can no longer be constrained by their human forms—the very force of what they feel turns them into objects of flora, fauna, weaponry, and mask. As in Carson’s most recent work, Norma Jeane Baker of Troy (WLT, Summer 2020, 82), the setting assumes knowledge, here that after years of war fought over the kidnapping of Helen of Troy, the Trojans were tricked by the Greeks into opening their city gates to let in a Trojan horse that allows the Greeks to enter and destroy the city, thus winning the war. The spokesperson , portrayed as a mangy-looking dog, is Hekabe, previously queen of Troy, whose devastating losses include virtually all her children and her husband, Priam. Directly addressing the audience in brutally blunt, scalding words, she narrates what has happened to the Trojan women and predicts their enslavement and death, embodying as she speaks the forbearance their fate decrees: “We can’t go on. We go on.” The language that Carson uses is purposefully bold—she slyly mixes the stylized formal conventions of Greek drama, such as the poetic lyricism of choral odes, with the casually modern colloquialisms of her main characters’ soliloquies, a combination that startles but creates arresting effects. In an introductory dialogue, the god Poseidon describes Troy as “crouched on the plain like James Baldwin with eyelids drifting down and drifting up,” and the goddess Athena replies that although the Trojans were once her enemies, “now I want to cheek them up and give the Greeks a bad voyage home.” Carson manages to make her eclectic blend of verbal elements work, the catastrophic extremes of the story made more buoyant and easier to absorb by the coolly chosen words and the humorous comic-book tone. Carson’s aim in recent works is clearly to unsettle her audience—she offers straight talk one minute and madcap play the next. In The Trojan Women, her remarkably synthesizing imagination brings traditional Greek drama and the contemporary comic book into strange and wonderful balance. Rita Signorelli-Pappas Princeton, New Jersey Zülfü Livaneli Disquiet Trans. Brendan Freely. New York. Other Press. 2021. 176 pages. A SINGER, NOVELIST, and activist of progressive, secular renown, Zülfü Livaneli returns to anglophone readers with a slim narrative, polished into English from Turkish by translator Brendan Freely. Disquiet is an ambitious effort to tease out the unshakable geopolitical quandary into which too many are born, between the 78 WLT AUTUMN 2021 0 internal conflicts of the East and violent xenophobia in the West, all in under two hundred pages. The...

Euripides' Trojan Women: A Comic by Rosanna Bruno Anne Carson

BOOKS IN REVIEW Rosanna Bruno & Anne Carson Euripides’Trojan Women: A Comic Trans. Anne Carson. New York. New Directions. 2021. 96 pages. TO CLASSIFY ANNE CARSON’S version of Euripides’ play The Trojan Women as a translation is to use the term lightly, for, in collaboration with Rosanna Bruno, she has transformed it into a graphic novel, fiercely experimental in both word and image. As she previously demonstrated in her rendering of Sappho’s poems, If Not Winter, Carson is an exceptionally gifted translator, but here she has deliberately cast aside literal translation. By abandoning Euripides’ original words and syntax, and indeed the task of literary translation itself, Carson lays bare the central emotion of the women in the play and forces us to feel in our very nerve endings what it is like to be abandoned. Carson teams up with Bruno to produce a playfully surrealistic portrayal of the Trojan women as they have never been seen before—as scraggly dogs, woebegone cows, a scrawny split tree limb, or an oddly abstracted pair of overalls tethered to an owl mask. Yet there is brilliance in Carson’s seemingly improbable conception of the play as a comic book—the daring change of format has the effect of heightening and revitalizing the primary drama of women objectified and enslaved. In Greek myths, the emotional pitch of the characters is so strong that their very bodies can no longer remain intact but erupt into the changed forms of spider, bird, and tree. Similarly, in Carson’s latest work the intense level of female mourning has reached such extreme intensity after the Trojan defeat that the sufferers can no longer be constrained by their human forms—the very force of what they feel turns them into objects of flora, fauna, weaponry, and mask. As in Carson’s most recent work, Norma Jeane Baker of Troy (WLT, Summer 2020, 82), the setting assumes knowledge, here that after years of war fought over the kidnapping of Helen of Troy, the Trojans were tricked by the Greeks into opening their city gates to let in a Trojan horse that allows the Greeks to enter and destroy the city, thus winning the war. The spokesperson , portrayed as a mangy-looking dog, is Hekabe, previously queen of Troy, whose devastating losses include virtually all her children and her husband, Priam. Directly addressing the audience in brutally blunt, scalding words, she narrates what has happened to the Trojan women and predicts their enslavement and death, embodying as she speaks the forbearance their fate decrees: “We can’t go on. We go on.” The language that Carson uses is purposefully bold—she slyly mixes the stylized formal conventions of Greek drama, such as the poetic lyricism of choral odes, with the casually modern colloquialisms of her main characters’ soliloquies, a combination that startles but creates arresting effects. In an introductory dialogue, the god Poseidon describes Troy as “crouched on the plain like James Baldwin with eyelids drifting down and drifting up,” and the goddess Athena replies that although the Trojans were once her enemies, “now I want to cheek them up and give the Greeks a bad voyage home.” Carson manages to make her eclectic blend of verbal elements work, the catastrophic extremes of the story made more buoyant and easier to absorb by the coolly chosen words and the humorous comic-book tone. Carson’s aim in recent works is clearly to unsettle her audience—she offers straight talk one minute and madcap play the next. In The Trojan Women, her remarkably synthesizing imagination brings traditional Greek drama and the contemporary comic book into strange and wonderful balance. Rita Signorelli-Pappas Princeton, New Jersey Zülfü Livaneli Disquiet Trans. Brendan Freely. New York. Other Press. 2021. 176 pages. A SINGER, NOVELIST, and activist of progressive, secular renown, Zülfü Livaneli returns to anglophone readers with a slim narrative, polished into English from Turkish by translator Brendan Freely. Disquiet is an ambitious effort to tease out the unshakable geopolitical quandary into which too many are born, between the 78 WLT AUTUMN 2021 ...

Uninterrupted power supply to BESS based microgrid system using adaptive reclosing approach

As more than 80% of faults on overhead lines are temporary (transient) in nature which is caused due to lightning strikes, momentary bird or tree limb contact, wind bringing conductors in contact, etc. These type of faults gets cleared by itself in a short duration. But the use of a conventional reclosing scheme results in an outage time which is much larger than the actual fault duration. This is due to the use of fixed dead times in conventional reclosing schemes. This unnecessary outage results in increased consumption of stored energy of energy storage system causing considerable losses. This paper proposes an empirical mode decomposition based adaptive reclosing technique which can sense the exact instant of fault clearance and modify the prefixed dead time to an adaptive value. Within half cycle time period after fault clearance reclosing command can be issued for the breaker. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified in a modified IEEE 13 bus distribution network model considering a battery energy storage system and hybrid distributed generators. The simulation and modelling of the various fault cases in the microgrid structure are done using EMTDC/PSCAD software.

The effects of variable retention forestry on coarse woody debris dynamics and concomitant impacts on American marten habitat after 27 years

Coarse woody debris (CWD) in the form of logs, downed wood, stumps and large tree limbs is an important structural habitat feature for many small mammal species, including the American marten (Martes americana). At a long-term experimental trial in northern temperate hemlock-cedar forests of British Columbia, Canada, we analysed the impact of varying amounts of overstory basal area retention: 0% (clearcut), 40%, 70%, and 100% (unharvested) on CWD volume, decay class, and inputs from windthrow over 27 years. We used CWD attributes (diameter, length, decay class, and height above the ground) known to be favourable for martens to create an index for assessing the impact of harvesting intensity on CWD habitat features. Stands with 70% retention had CWD attributes that resulted in CWD habitat features similar to unharvested stands. Clearcuts contained pieces that were smaller, more decayed, and closer to the ground, which contributed to a habitat that was less valuable, compared with stands that had higher retention. Over the 27-year period, windthrown trees were the majority of CWD inputs, and volume change was positively related to percent retention. Our results highlight that forest management influences CWD size and input dynamics over multiple decades, and the need for consideration of these impacts when undertaking long-term multiple-use forestry planning.

Oh Artemis

75 ERIN RODONI Oh Artemis  I did all the things you wouldn’t. My heart beat to be snared. And it was, and it was. Oh tangle of glances and limbs. Hot stammer of graces against my neck, my breasts. Oh love, that trap. I am heavy with it. My hips laden with daughters. Settled, domestic. Artemis, my girls are all sinew and shine. And heathen still. Your dystopian disciples, they crest the ridge of the future, moon-caged and clad in what they have killed. Flint-strike of foot against forest floor. See how they sharpen, laureled with breath? I whisper such myth into their skin while they sleep beneath tree limbs. In the shadowlace of leaves, wilds dart beneath their eyelids. While the earth is still softened by childhood. While the grasses still bend to their hiding, sway with their seeking. Still, they run screaming from spiders. Even as the cellar stocks with canned goods. Even as the age of play swings toward its end, bloodshed remains something that happens on the moon- 76 bleached highway while they dream. On the way to school, I see their eyes in the rearview mirror, follow a stain to the side of the road, where some poor nocturnal creature spills its guts in brutish sun. Day after day it decays like an omen of what is to come. Oh Artemis, you were my favorite. I should have run. ...

Indiana Farm Occasional Wood Cutter Fatalities Involving Individuals 55 Years and Older.

Forestry activities, such as tree cutting and harvesting of forest resources, have been documented as dangerous tasks with increased risk of injuries and fatalities. These hazards are well known in the professional logging community, but less attention is given to farmers who perform occasional tree trimming and cutting activities, especially for the older farmer population. This study examined Indiana farm work-related fatalities from 1988 to 2017 involving farmers 55 years and older who performed occasional wood cutting activities. Fatality cases were mined from the Purdue University Agricultural Safety and Health Program's fatality database. A total of 40 fatality cases were reported, representing 10.3% of all reported farm fatalities of farmers 55 years and older over the time period. The average age of the victims was 67.4, with 65% of cases involving victims 65 years or older. All victims were males. Wood cutting fatalities increased over the observation period. The most frequently reported fatal injury type was being crushed by tree or tree limbs, with 16 cases (40%), and the most common cause of fatality was due to cutting and trimming of trees, with 27 cases (67.5%). It was determined that the incidents were largely preventable and that future injury prevention strategies should address the risks associated with aging, the added risk of being struck by limbs or trees due to unsafe felling practices, the need for appropriate personal protective equipment, and the hazards involved in operating agricultural tractors in wooded areas.