Likelihood Of Mental Health Treatment Research Articles

Reduction in mental health treatment utilization among transgender individuals after gender-affirming surgeries: A total population study

Abstract Background Despite professional recommendations to consider gender-affirming hormonal and surgical interventions for transgender individuals with gender dysphoria, the long-term effect of such interventions on mental health is largely unknown. This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorder healthcare visits and antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions in 2015 as a function of gender dysphoria diagnosis and gender-affirming medical treatment in the entire Swedish population. Methods This study used the Swedish Total Population Register (n = 9,747,324), linked to the National Patient Register and Prescribed Drug Register. Among those who received a gender dysphoria diagnosis between 2005 and 2015 (n = 2,679), mental health treatment in 2015 was examined as a function of length of time since gender-affirming medical treatment. The main outcome measure was mood and anxiety disorder healthcare visits and antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions. Results Compared to the general population, individuals diagnosed with gender dysphoria were about six times as likely to have had a mood and anxiety disorder healthcare visit and more than three times as likely to have been prescribed antidepressants and anxiolytics. Years since initiating hormones was not significantly related to likelihood of mental health treatment (AOR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.03). However, increased time since last gender-affirming surgery was associated with reduced mental health treatment (AOR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.98). Conclusions In this first total population study of transgender individuals diagnosed with gender dysphoria, the longitudinal association between gender-affirming surgery and reduced likelihood of mental health treatment lends support to the decision to provide gender-affirming surgeries to transgender individuals who seek them. Main messages: This study lends support to the decision to provide gender-affirming surgeries to transgender individuals who seek them.

Reduction in Mental Health Treatment Utilization Among Transgender Individuals After Gender-Affirming Surgeries: A Total Population Study.

Despite professional recommendations to consider gender-affirming hormone and surgical interventions for transgender individuals experiencing gender incongruence, the long-term effect of such interventions on mental health is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorder health care visits and antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions in 2015 as a function of gender incongruence diagnosis and gender-affirming hormone and surgical treatment in the entire Swedish population. This study used the Swedish Total Population Register (N=9,747,324), linked to the National Patient Register and the Prescribed Drug Register. Among individuals who received a diagnosis of gender incongruence (i.e., transsexualism or gender identity disorder) between 2005 and 2015 (N=2,679), mental health treatment in 2015 was examined as a function of length of time since gender-affirming hormone and surgical treatment. Outcome measures were mood and anxiety disorder health care visits, antidepressant and anxiolytic prescriptions, and hospitalization after a suicide attempt. Compared with the general population, individuals with a gender incongruence diagnosis were about six times as likely to have had a mood and anxiety disorder health care visit, more than three times as likely to have received prescriptions for antidepressants and anxiolytics, and more than six times as likely to have been hospitalized after a suicide attempt. Years since initiating hormone treatment was not significantly related to likelihood of mental health treatment (adjusted odds ratio=1.01, 95% CI=0.98, 1.03). However, increased time since last gender-affirming surgery was associated with reduced mental health treatment (adjusted odds ratio=0.92, 95% CI=0.87, 0.98). In this first total population study of transgender individuals with a gender incongruence diagnosis, the longitudinal association between gender-affirming surgery and reduced likelihood of mental health treatment lends support to the decision to provide gender-affirming surgeries to transgender individuals who seek them.

HEAD START ENROLLMENT AND CHILDREN'S MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT

This secondary data analysis from a Head Start program examines the association between children's entry age and enrollment duration and the likelihood of mental health treatment. Study questions are as follows: (a) Do baseline characteristics differ among three groups of Head Start children? (children who enrolled at 3 years of age and stayed for 1 year [group 1], enrolled at 4 years of age and stayed for 1 year [group 2], and enrolled at 3 years of age and stayed for 2 years [group 3]); (b) Does the likelihood of children's mental health treatment differ among the groups?; and (c) Are baseline characteristics associated with the likelihood of mental health treatment? Except ethnicity and family size, other baseline characteristics did not differ across the three groups. Groups 1 and 3 received more mental health treatment than group 2. Different percentages of mental health treatment were found, depending on children's gender, ethnicity, family income, special needs, and bilingual status.

Treatment Seeking for Depression in Canada and the United States

Treatment Seeking for Depression in Canada and the United States

Psychiatric Comorbidity with Problematic Alcohol Use in High School Students

To delineate the degree to which various levels of problematic alcohol use are associated with psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The lifetime occurrence of psychiatric disorders was examined in a community sample of 1,507 older adolescents (aged 14 through 18 years) who were categorized according to their alcohol use (i.e., abstainers, experimenters, social drinkers, problem drinkers, and abuse/dependence group). Increased alcohol use was associated with the increased lifetime occurrence of depressive disorders, disruptive behavior disorders, drug use disorders, and daily tobacco use. There was a trend for increased alcohol use in girls to be associated with anxiety disorders. More than 80% of adolescents with alcohol abuse/dependence had some other form of psychopathology. Alcohol disorders, in general, followed rather than preceded the onset of other psychiatric disorders. Comorbidity was associated with an earlier age of alcohol disorder onset and with greater likelihood of mental health treatment utilization. Rates of psychiatric comorbidity with problematic alcohol use in adolescents are striking and represent an important therapeutic challenge.