Likelihood Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Research Articles

Effect of Digital applications on maternal as well as neonatal outcomes in Young pregnant girls: A Scope Review.

To understand the effect of digital applications on maternal and neonatal outcomes in young pregnant girls. A PubMed, CINAHL and Medline online database search was conducted, and related studies were included the databases were searched in order to carry out a more in detailed search of the available literature utilizing keywords like "digital technology"; "adolescent mothers"; and "infant, newborn", as well as Boolean operators to generate papers pertinent which were correlating with the objective of the study. The findings revealed that the PPPs employed produced both positive and negative effects on mothers and newborns. Some were effective, especially in aspects related to improved mental health, while others did not necessarily support the adolescents in preparing for pregnancy and childbirth, but rather raised their anxiety levels. Similarly, the use of these apps decreased the use of emergency neonatal services by the adolescent mothers and the infants were lower in likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding. Participants appreciated the social media-based instruction, but this exposure did not translate into considerable change in routines and behaviors. Digital and web-based solutions had the ability to influence adolescent pregnancy outcomes, but further research is needed to assess the extent to which these support services are useful in this Population Group.

Association between newborn separation, maternal consent and health outcomes: findings from a longitudinal survey in Kenya

ObjectivesDisrespectful and poor treatment of newborns such as unnecessary separation from parents or failure to obtain parental consent for medical procedures occurs at health facilities across contexts, but little research...

Social Support, Maternal Agency, Postnatal Depression, and Domestic Violence Influence the Formal Employment-Exclusive Breastfeeding Relationship: Evidence From Kenya

ObjectivesWe previously demonstrated that formal employment among mothers in Kenya is associated with a lower prevalence and odds of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). This study evaluated the influence of maternal social support, agency, postnatal depression, and domestic violence on the association between formal employment and EBF in Naivasha, Kenya, where many women work in agricultural labor. MethodsUsing cross-sectional data (n = 1,186), we examined validated scales of social support, agency, domestic violence, and postnatal depression as effect modifiers in adjusted, stratified models of the association between employment and EBF. We hypothesized that higher social support and agency would attenuate the odds ratios that evaluated employment and EBF, and domestic violence and depression would further decrease the odds of EBF based on employment. ResultsComparing formally employed to non-formally employed mothers, women with higher social support were more likely to practice EBF at 14 weeks: OR high (95%CI) = 0.22 (0.09, 0.51) and OR low = 0.12 (0.05, 0.29). The same trend was observed at 24 weeks. Among mothers with higher maternal agency compared to those with lower agency, the negative association between formal and EBF was decreased at both 14 weeks [OR high = 0.21 (0.09, 0.47) versus OR low = 0.16 (0.06, 0.44)] and 24 weeks. Comparing mothers who reported experiencing domestic violence to those who had not, the negative association between formal and EBF was increased at both 14 weeks [OR = 0.06 (0.01, 0.31) versus OR No violence = 0.18 (0.09, 0.36)] and 24 weeks. At 14 weeks, mothers with depression decreased the association between employment and EBF: [OR dep = 0.11 (0.03,0.45) versus OR no depression = 0.16 (0.08, 0.33). At 24 weeks, the employment-EBF relationship was non-significant among mothers with depression: [OR dep = 0.31 (0.08, 1.30) but remained significant among mothers without depression: OR no dep = 0.22 (0.12, 0.40). ConclusionsAmong formally employed mothers, maternal social support and agency improve the employment-breastfeeding relationship, while women exposed to domestic violence or postnatal depression experienced a further decrease in the likelihood of EBF. Supportive interventions to improve EBF and other maternal health factors are needed in the postpartum period for employed mothers. Funding SourcesNIH Fogarty International Center

Study of Factors Affecting Exclusive Breastfeeding and Early Introduction of Complementary Food to Infants in the Aqaba Region of Jordan

Initiation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at birth, followed by introduction of complementary food (CF) at six months of age, is necessary for the lifelong health of the child. In Jordan, EBF rates are not optimal. To our knowledge, there have been no studies to date on breastfeeding practices in the Aqaba region. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors affecting EBF and early introduction of CF in this region. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 448 Jordanian mothers who were recruited from three primary health care centers in Aqaba. They were interviewed and asked to complete a questionnaire concerning the following variables: socio-demographic information, reproductive health of the mother and infant and postpartum conditions and events. Of the 488 mothers recruited, we found that the number who breastfed exclusively for <6 months or =6months were 230 (51.4%) and 89(19.8%), respectively. Furthermore, introduction of CF at <6 months old occurred in 203(45.3%) infants. The effects of childbirth weight ≤2.5kg, maternal smoking, and pacifier use on the likelihood of EBF for less than 6 months were odds ratio [OR] = 1.07; P<0.022, OR=0.09; P<0.004, and OR=0.35; P<0.001, respectively. With respect to CF, early initiation of CF was associated with childbirth weight (P=0.025), type of delivery (P=0.014), and pacifier use (P=0.001).Thus, initiation of CF before 6 months of age was associated with health problems in infants (P=0.030) including allergy, diarrhea, and abdominal colic. Jordanian mothers in Aqaba had a low rate of EBF for ═6 months and a high rate of early introduction of CF to their infants, both of which contravene health recommendations of global organizations.

Length of time in Ghana is associated with the likelihood of exclusive breastfeeding among Liberian refugees living in Buduburam.

While literature describing immigrant's breastfeeding practices exists, especially among those living within developed countries, there is a significant gap in knowledge on how the host culture may influence the EBF behaviors of refugees, especially those living in protracted situations within sub-Saharan Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Buduburam Refugee Settlement in Ghana from July-August 2008 to explore the association between the amount of time living in Ghana and exclusive breastfeeding practices among Liberian refugees and Ghanaians in surround villages. The study included 480 women: 239 Liberians living in 12 settlement zones (in two of which Liberians and Ghanaians co-exist), 121 Ghanaians living in two settlement zones, and 120 Ghanaians living in nearby urban village of Awutu. Liberian mothers who lived in Ghana at least eight years were significantly more likely to exclusively breastfeed (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.09) compared to Ghanaian mothers living in Awutu. These findings suggest that increased time living in Buduburam improved the chances of EBF success among Liberians, perhaps as a result of unique EBF education/support opportunities offered in the settlement to Liberian refugees that were not readily available to Ghanaians. Further research to understand the "mechanisms" explaining exclusive breastfeeding differences as a function of time spent in host country is needed for improving breastfeeding support in refugee settlements and host communities.

A study to promote breast feeding in the Helsinki Metropolitan area in Finland

Objectivethe aim of this study was to assess the impact of providing intensified support for breast feeding during the perinatal period. Designa quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control group. Settingthree public maternity hospitals (two study, one control) in the Helsinki Metropolitan area in Finland. Participantsa convenience sample of 705 mothers (431 in the intervention group, 274 in the control group). Methods and interventionin this study, families in the intervention group had access to intensified breast feeding support from midpregnancy, whereas those in the control group had access to normal care. Intensified support included lectures and workshops to health professionals, and families in the intervention group had access to more intensive support and counselling for breast feeding and a breast feeding outpatient clinic. Additionally, an internet-based intervention was only used in the intervention group, but not in the control group. Mothers in the control group received normal care from the midwifery and nursing professionals who were to continue their work normally. The data were analysed statistically. Findingsaltogether 705 women participated in the study. In the intervention group (n=431), 76% of the women breast fed exclusively throughout the hospital stay, compared to 66% of the mothers in the control group (n=274). In multivariate analysis, the likelihood of exclusive breast feeding at the time of responding (at hospital discharge or after that at home) was increased by the mother not being treated for an underlying illness or medical problem during pregnancy, being in the intervention group, having normal vaginal childbirth, high breast feeding confidence, positive attitude towards breast feeding, good coping with breast feeding, and 24-hour presence of the infant's father in the ward. Key conclusions and implications for practicethe low exclusive breast feeding rates of newborns could be increased by using intensified breast feeding support. Mothers' health problems during pregnancy can decrease exclusive breast feeding.Mothers with health problems or other than normal childbirth should receive extra breast feeding support, and the presence of fathers in the ward should be encouraged.Intensified breast feeding counselling and support helps mothers to breast feed exclusively. This support should be available in a variety of forms, so that mothers can choose the type of support they need. As breast feeding counselling and support is intensified, more mothers succeed with exclusive breast feeding.