Components Of Life Satisfaction Research Articles

Life satisfaction components and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A large prospective cohort study

BackgroundWhich life satisfaction components could be a target of positive psychological interventions for longevity is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate association of the composite measure of life satisfaction and its individual components with mortality. MethodsThis cohort study included UK Biobank participants who responded to questions concerning five components of life satisfaction at baseline. We generated a composite score representing overall life satisfaction, ranging from 0 (lowest) to 5 (highest). The outcomes were all-cause and cause-specific mortality. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for the associations of interest. ResultsAmong 165,842 eligible participants, 12,261 all-cause deaths were observed over a median of 12.9-year follow-up. Overall life satisfaction was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 0.94 [95% CI: 0.93–0.95] per 1 score increment). Health satisfaction showed the strongest association with all-cause mortality, with a fully adjusted HR of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.49–0.55) for high/extreme satisfaction and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.59–0.66) for moderate satisfaction, compared with unsatisfaction (P-trend<0.001), independent of other satisfaction components, regardless of physical health and sociodemographics. The association for family, friendship, work and financial satisfaction was attenuated when adjusted for other life satisfaction components. Similar findings were observed for cause-specific mortality. LimitationsObservational study with single baseline measurement of life satisfaction precludes the ability to establish causal relationship. ConclusionsHigher overall life satisfaction was associated with lower mortality. As the major contributor to lower mortality regardless of physical health and sociodemographics, health satisfaction could be an important target of positive psychological interventions for longevity.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIFE SATISFACTION AND PERSONALITY TRAITS OF YOUNG DOCTORS

Nowadays, as never before, the issue of psychological well-being of medical workers, including young specialists, has been actualized. This article presents a study aimed at examining the life satisfaction of medical residents. The study involved 57 residents (average age 26.1±3.4 years, 40 women and 17 men). According to the results of the "Life Satisfaction Index" methodology, the respondents were divided into three groups depending on the level of life satisfaction: a group with a low, medium and high level accordingly. The article presents an analysis of a survey of the residents by groups about the most positive and negative aspects of their profession. Next, based on the correlation analysis, the interrelationships of life satisfaction components with the attributes of subjectivity and life hardiness characteristics were revealed. It was found that a positive assessment of satisfaction with one’s own life among medical residents is associated with the ability to manage one’s life, realize one’s goals, achieve them, and the ability to cope with difficult life situations. Thus, it can be concluded that the satisfaction of medical residents with their own life is associated with an active life stands, hardiness, and life activity awareness, and the ability to cope with stress is realized through positive perception and a conscious attitude to their life.

The Structure of Children's Subjective Well-being.

Research on children’s quality of life and subjective well-being has advanced over the past decade largely as a result of developments in childhood theory, children’s rights legislation, and the shift toward positive social science. However, in line with the uncertainty regarding the conceptualization of subjective well-being, the structural configuration of children’s subjective well-being has not been considered in the literature. In the current study, we present and test a model of children’s subjective well-being, which includes global (context-free items assessing overall and general well-being, without reference to a specific aspect of life) and specific (domain-based items assessing a specific aspect of life) cognitive components, and positive and negative affect. We further test the fit structure of a hierarchical structural (second-order) model of children’s subjective well-being. Finally, we test the measurement invariance of the hierarchical model across age and gender. We use data from the third Wave of the Children’s Worlds Survey. The data source includes a sample of 92,782 participants selected from 35 countries (girls = 49.7%) in two age groups (10- and 12-years-old). We found a good fit for the four-factor confirmatory factor model of children’s subjective well-being. Correlations between the various latent factors were as anticipated—with positive correlations between the life satisfaction components and positive affect, and negative correlations with negative affect. We further found a good fit for the hierarchical structural model of children’s subjective well-being. Finally, we found the tenability of measurement invariance across age and gender. The study extends the generalizability of the hierarchical structural configuration of the subjective well-being to child samples, and provides a viable model to explore correlates and predictors of children’s subjective well-being using the full conceptual model. Finally, we propound the tenability of a quadripartite hierarchical conceptual model of children’s subjective well-being.

The Perceived Impact of Social Networking Sites and Apps on the Social Capital of Saudi Postgraduate Students: A Case Study

With the increased use of Social Networking Sites and Apps (SNSAs) in Saudi Arabia, it is important to consider the impact of this on the social lives of tertiary students, who are heavy users of such technology. A mixed methods study exploring the effect of SNSAs use on the social capital of Saudi postgraduate students was conducted using a multidimensional construct of social capital, which included the components of life satisfaction, social trust, civic participation, and political engagement. Data were collected through surveys and interviews involving 313 male and 293 female postgraduate students from Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Makkah. Findings show that male and female participants perceived SNSAs use impacting all components of social capital at a moderate and mainly positive level. Correlational analysis demonstrated medium to large positive correlations among components of social capital. Gender differences were not evident in the life satisfaction and social trust components; however, females reported more involvement with SNSAs for the purposes of political engagement while males reported more use for civic participation, which is an interesting finding, in light of the norms and traditional culture of Saudi society.

Life meanings and environmentally responsible behavior due to the subjective comfort and satisfaction of drug addicts at the stage of rehabilitation

The article presents the results of a study of life meanings and values in connection with the life satisfaction of persons with drug addiction at the stage of rehabilitation. The urgency of the problem is determined by the fact that the statistics provided by the UN confirm that the number of people who use drugs is steadily increasing every year. In this regard, the issues of prevention of drug addiction and rehabilitation of addicts for the Russian society are today the most acute and represent a global problem. The results obtained in the study state that for drug addicts at the stage of rehabilitation, they begin to have a meaningful attitude to their life, positively assess the life path they have passed and the experience gained, considering it the beginning of a new stage in life, and make plans for the future. This fact may indicate the productivity of the rehabilitation program. They do not think about how much life in general is subject to control on their part. The respondents attach value to the very living of life, feel the need to be able to feel love in all its manifestations. Status and altruistic meanings are of the least importance in the respondents' system of life meanings. Hedonistic meanings of life prevail, acceptance of life as it is. Also, statistically significant relationships were found between the components of life meanings and values and the components of life satisfaction in drug addicts.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE LIFE SATISFACTION IN AL RESIDENTS

Life satisfaction is a multidimensional concept that addresses a personal judgment of quality from the resident’s perspective. Components of life satisfaction include satisfaction related to health, the physical environment, relationships and activities. The purpose of this study was to test if there was a relationship between demographic factors, pain, falls, and use of psychotropics with life satisfaction. The sample included the first two cohorts from the FFC-AL-EIT study including 508 residents from 54 settings across Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. The majority of the participants were female (70%), white (97%) and the mean age was 87.72 (SD=7.47) . Based on a stepwise linear regression analysis there was a significant association between pain (r=-.20, p=.003) and psychotropic use (r=-.19, p=.003) and the model explained 11% of the variance in life satisfaction. Ongoing research is needed to consider the impact of the environment and staff-resident interactions on life satisfaction.

Assessing the role of components of life satisfaction

ABSTRACTFactors affecting subjective well-being and their gross effect measurement have been widely studied. However, how people derive utility from these factors has not been fully explored. This article provides a way to decompose the gross effect of major determinants on life satisfaction into direct and indirect effects and make inference for the latter. Because the indirect effect is nonlinear in parameters associated with different models in an equation system, it creates a problem in estimating the standard error. Besides, the categorical nature in survey data further introduces bias to the covariance estimation even asymptotically. To address these issues without knowing the form of heteroskedasticity under the null hypothesis, we propose to extend the wild bootstrap procedure in this particular context. Its robustness against various data properties is validated via several simulation experiments. Using three recent waves of World Values Survey, we find that the relative importance of life control has significantly increased recently, and endowing citizens with the right to enjoy their freedoms and liberties is a more effective policy in raising life satisfaction than promoting national income.

The Impact of Urban Agriculture on Students’ Life Satisfaction in Eastern Cape, South Africa

The importance of agricultural sciences in the school curriculum all over the world cannot be over -emphasized .It include an alternative source of fresh produce, improved life satisfaction and a way to preserve cultural identity and traditions. This study tends to investigate more role of unban agriculture in relation to life satisfaction. The study reveals among others some components of life satisfaction as a result of urban agriculture. These components are; nutrition, self-employment, food security and poverty eradication. The study does not leave behind the economic benefits of urban agriculture such as; income distribution, small scale business to mention a few. The study however recommended among others that the South Africa Government should make agriculture education as a compulsory subject for grade 10 and grade 11 students. This will enable them to develop entrepreneurial skills and self-sufficient mentality before they finish their secondary school careers. The subject will also help them in building job skills, improving self-esteem and contributing to community revitalization. Similarly, the practical components of this subject should constitute 50% if not more from the overall marks. Hence, leaving secondary schools will no longer be a mirage and nightmare all because of no employment. However, some challenges were highlighted this include; limited spaces available, damage to sacks and crops by stray animals, pest and diseases, sustainable access to inputs such as soil, manure, seedlings and water. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1293

It’s up to you: The Influence of Sports Participation, Academic Performances and Demo-Behavioral Characteristics on University students’ Life Satisfaction

This paper investigates university students’ life satisfaction by measuring six life satisfaction components (family life satisfaction, social life satisfaction, satisfaction with the university experience, satisfaction with oneself, satisfaction with the place of residence, satisfaction with the overall life) among different students’ groups. Life satisfaction is measured using Brief Multi-Dimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS). A cross-sectional approach was taken to examine differences among identified students’ groups according to: academic performance (by GPA and status of funding), demographic and behavioral characteristics (by gender, body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption) and features related to physical activity (by weekly time spent in physical activity in hours and group of sport engaged in). Research is conducted among 507 students at the Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Serbia. Man Whitney and Kruskal Wallis test were performed for pairwise comparison using Bonferroni correction. The results show statistically significant differences in the following components: satisfaction with family life (within gender group), satisfaction with social life (within sex and smoking groups), satisfaction with the university experience (within sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, GPA and scholarship/funding status groups), satisfaction with oneself (within GPA, financial status, alcohol consumption and type of sport groups), satisfaction with the place of residence (within GPA, scholarship/funding status, time spent in physical activities and body mass index) and satisfaction with the overall life (within gender and alcohol consumption groups). This paper has both theoretical and practical influence on contemporary life satisfaction field of knowledge, particularly in university students’ population.

Happiness as a scientific category

Even the very title of this article may cause perplexity. Note that science usually implies studying something that can be grasped, measured, or evaluated in one way or another. As for happiness, the majority of people perceive it as intangible matter, if matter at all. In recent years, however, the word happiness has made increasingly frequent appearances in documents of international organizations and institutes; happiness is studied; attempts are made to use this notion as a criterion of success in the development of states. This necessitates a clear definition of this notion, its connotations, and its place in the series of close categories. In analyzing the respective scope of problems, the authors of this article present their opinion about the meaning of life as the key component of life satisfaction and happiness. As one of the main elements of happiness in collective cultures, they consider collective meanings of life and, as their main source, the national idea, the absence of which in modern Russia gives rise to a number of social illnesses.

Correlates of Life Satisfaction

Life satisfaction is an overall assessment of feelings and attitudes about one's life at a particular point of time. The present study was designed to investigate the differences in the level of various components of life satisfaction on the basis of certain demographic variables i.e. gender, age, family type, and background. Life Satisfaction Scale (AlamS Personal Satisfaction is affected by family type, Economic Satisfaction and Marital Satisfaction are not affected by any of the variables in the study; Social Satisfaction is affected by gender, age, and background; and Job Satisfaction is affected by age, and family type. However the groups did not differ significantly on overall Life Satisfaction score in any of the demographic determinants of the study.

Sexual Activities, Sexual and Life Satisfaction, and Successful Aging in Women

Sexuality for women at all ages is a vital aspect of life satisfaction and is based upon continuing growth, development, and adaptation. The successful aging model includes physical, mental/emotional, and social well-being. There is no known published literature on the topic of sexual activities of older women and its implications on life and sexual satisfaction. To investigate the sexual activities of older women in Israel, their levels of sexual satisfaction and life satisfaction, and to examine the relationship between the level of sexual activities, sexual satisfaction, and life satisfaction. Components of the Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory, and the Life Satisfaction Index. A descriptive, correlational study guided by the theory of "successful aging" by Havighurst (1961) was conducted using a convenience sample of 127 women who attended a menopause clinic for routine and follow up care. The research findings described older women as being involved in varied, though limited, sexual activities. There was no significant relationship discovered between the number of sexual activities and age. The level of sexual satisfaction of the studied sample was found to be above the mean score. Most of the women reported good sexual/intimate communication with their partners. Women were not satisfied with the limited variety in their sex life. Women reported a high level of life satisfaction. Ultimately, a positive significant correlation was discovered between sexual satisfaction and level of current sexual activity, and between sexual satisfaction and life satisfaction. Older women are interested in continuing their sexual activities. It is a component of life satisfaction. The desire for sexual variety suggested an important area for patient education. Couple communication was deemed a priority. Health providers should include sexual health issues in their discussions with clients of all ages.

Best Clinical Practice in Sexuality and Reproductive Health: The New Clinical Practic Guideline

Disseminating the latest in research and care to the community of spinal cord injury professionals is the mission of The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. One of the ways the Journal fulfills this mission is by reprinting the Clinical Practice Guidelines published by Paralyzed Veterans of America (1–6). In this issue, we add to the series of practical guidelines that have addressed acute management and secondary complications such as respiratory failure, pressure ulcers, etc (7). “Sexuality and Reproductive Health in Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Clinical Practice Guideline for Health-Care Providers” addresses this important aspect of personal fulfillment and relationships. It is the 11th in this series of guidelines developed by the Consortium of Spinal Cord Medicine, an interdisciplinary group with representation from spinal cord injury experts in medicine, nursing, therapy and psychology. This guideline addresses a wide range of topics related to sexuality; according to Lawrence C. Vogel, MD, the chairman of the Consortium's steering committee, “It includes recommendations that address physical, interpersonal, emotional, and medical concerns. The guideline addresses the importance of privacy and individuality as well as the practical needs of individuals with spinal cord injuries.” JSCM is pleased to support this major step toward best clinical practice in sexuality and reproductive health, an important component of life satisfaction. This guideline raises questions deserving of further investigation in the areas of sex education and therapy, gender issues, sexual response, sexual dysfunction, and the impact of sexual satisfaction on health. We look forward to manuscripts that further the scope of the guideline and improve quality of life for people with disabilities.

Sexual behaviour of nursing home residents: staff perceptions and responses

This paper presents the results of a study that investigated nursing home staff perceptions of affectionate and sexual behaviour of residents. Despite growing recognition of the importance of sexual expression among residents and a increasing willingness to discuss the topic, sexual activity for nursing home residents remains an ignored component of life satisfaction. Even when 'sexuality' has been included as part of a resident's plan of care, this may not mean that attention has been paid to maintaining that aspect of their life. Thus, nursing homes can mark the end of many types of freedom for older people. Given that intimate basic care is performed by others and often by members of the opposite sex, loss of sexual freedom may also occur. A grounded theory approach was used to study staff working in nursing homes in Australia and Sweden. Data were generated through interviews and nominal groups with nursing home staff. Thirty women volunteered to be interviewed, and 18 others were involved in the three nominal group discussions; a further five participants were involved as key informants. Staff perceptions and responses to residents' sexual behaviour were found to be influenced by their own level of comfort related to sexuality issues, and the ethos within the organization where they worked. The conceptual paradigm was termed 'Guarding Discomfort' and specified the ways in which staff guard against sexuality discomfort as well as the ways their behaviour fits within different types of organizations. Both staff and nursing home managers need to work toward developing a home environment that is supportive of residents' sexuality rights, that permits sexuality expression and promotes a culture where all people concerned are comfortable with sexuality issues.

Components of Life Satisfaction in Middle and Later Life Adults: Perceived Social Competence, Leisure Participation, and Leisure Satisfaction

Relation entre la competence sociale percue et 1) la participation aux loisirs, 2) la satisfaction quant aux loisirs chez les adultes, vieux et moins vieux. Les donnees d'un questionnaire ont ete analysees en utilisant: analyse des pistes causales et modeling causal

Job Satisfaction and Nonwork Satisfaction as Components of Life Satisfaction1

The relationship between job satisfaction and life satisfaction is examined, using regression analyses which control the effects of satisfaction with domains other than the job and conditions associated with the workplace and with life away from work. Results from data analyses of two independent sets of survey data are used to elaborate and refine a multivariate framework for relating overall life satisfaction and job satisfaction.

Attitudes toward Present and Expected Life Satisfaction for Self and Others

The present study was designed to investigate the differences between present and expected life satisfaction when one is older. Do persons perceive themselves and others as less satisfied with life when they are older? Some recent researchers (1, 3, 6) have found negatlve aspects of certain components of life satisfaction to be a large part of the stereoryped view of old age. Ninety-six university students, 18 to 26 gr. of age, responded to an 18-item life satisfaction scale (4) under four different instructions: (a) as they saw themselves presently, (b) as they thought the items would be applied to themselves when they became 70 yr. old, (c) as subjects thought items would be true or false for most 70yr.-old men, and (d) whether items would be true or false for most 70-yr.-old women. Order of insuuctions varied. Each scale was then scored to indicate the strength of life satisfaction. Scores on each scale were subjected to a 2 X 4 analysis of variance which yielded a significant P ratio (P = 63.99, df = 3/92, p = ,001). There w3s a consistent decline in life satisfaction from the self-ratings to self-ar-70 ratings to males-at-70 to females-at-70 rarlngs. There were no significant sex differences on the ratings. The significant decline from present to expected life satisfaction indicated that subjects expected to become markedly less satisfied with life as they aged. However. the difference between self-expectations and expectations for others indicated that sub jects saw themselves more positively as aging individuals than they saw others who were aged. The negative nature of attitudes toward old age has been pointed out (2, 5). Stereotypes of aging may very well be related to individuals' self-perceptions. Present subjects expressed largely negative attitudes for both self and others as a result of getting older.

Anomia, Self-esteem, and Life Satisfaction: Interrelationships Among Three Scales of Well-being

The extent to which anomia, self-esteem, and life satisfaction are conceptually distinct was studied by using factor analysis of the items from Srole's anomia scale, Rosenberg's scale of self-esteem, and the LSI-Z. The data came from interviews held with 1,332 older men living in nonmetropolitan areas of Iowa. The analysis demonstrated that, while the concepts of anomia and self-esteem are distinct, the domain of life satisfaction overlaps those of anomia and self-esteem. The representation of the five components of life satisfaction by the items of the LSI-Z is questioned, and caution in using the six-items version of Rosenberg's measure of self-esteem with older adults is suggested.