LiCl Electrolyte Research Articles

Bifunctional Fluorocarbon Electrode Additive Lowers the Salt Dependence of Aqueous Electrolytes.

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) plays a crucial role in extending the life of aqueous batteries. The traditional anion-derived SEI formation in aqueous electrolytes highly depends on high-concentrated organic fluorinating salts, resulting in low forming efficiency and long-term consumption. In response, this study proposes a bifunctional fluorocarbon electrode additive (BFEA) that enables electrochemical pre-reduction instead of TFSI anion to form the LiF-rich SEI and in situ produce conductive graphite inside the anode before the lithiation. The BFEA lowers the salt dependence of aqueous electrolytes, enabling the inorganic LiCl electrolyte to work first, but also successfully achieves a high SEI formation efficiency in the relatively low 10m LiTFSI without mass transfer concerns, suppressing the parasitic hydrogen evolution from 11.24 to 4.35nmol min-1. Besides, BFEA strengthens the intrinsic superiority of Li storage reaction by lowering battery polarization resulting from the in situ production of graphite, promoting charge transfer of electrode kinetics. Compared with the control group, the demonstrated Ah-level pouch cell employing BFEA exhibits better cycle stability above 300 cycles with higher capacity retention of 78.2% and the lower decay of the round-trip efficiency (△RTE = 2%), benefiting for maintaining the high efficiency and reducing heat accumulation in large-scale electric energy storage.

An Antibacterial, Highly Sensitive Strain Sensor Based on an Anionic Copolymer Interpenetrating with κ-Carrageenan.

Polysaccharide-based hydrogels are suitable for use in the field of flexible bioelectronics due to their benign mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the preparation of hydrogel sensors with high performance without affecting their physicochemical properties (e.g., flexibility, toughness, self-healing, and antibacterial activity) remains a challenge and needs to be solved. Herein, a metal ion cross-linking reinforced, double network hydrogel was formed from a 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) copolymer interpenetrating κ-carrageenan (CAR), followed by immersing the gel in a Cu2+ ion solution to obtain an antibacterial CAR/P(AM-co-AMPS)-Cu2+ conductive hydrogel. LiCl was added as the electrolyte. The presence of the LiCl electrolyte and sulfonated molecular chain units not only gives the hydrogel good electrical conductivity (conductivity up to 2.68 S/m) but also improves the sensitivity of the hydrogel as a stress-strain sensor, with a hydrogel sensitivity GF of up to 3.76 in the 20%-100% strain range and response time of up to 280 ms. The CAR double-helical structure and sol-gel properties and the interaction of multiple noncovalent bonds between polymers provide the hydrogel with excellent self-healing, with a self-healing efficiency of 68%. In addition, the electrostatic interaction of Cu2+ with Escherichia coli cells can inhibit their growth, exhibiting good antibacterial properties with an inhibition circle diameter of 20.5 mm. This work could provide an effective strategy for antibacterial multifunctional CAR-based bionic sensors.

Enabling Rhenium Electrodeposition in Water-in-Salt Electrolytes through Isolated Anodic Reactions

Perfluorosulfonic Acid (PFSA)/Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) copolymer and cation-exchange membranes were used to elongate the use water-in-salt electrolytes for rhenium electrodeposition. Water-in-salt electrolytes are a common technique used to minimize the amount of free water in solution by including high concentrations of salts, thus solvating the water molecules and lowering activity of the solution. This expands the electrochemical window in which deposition is possible and minimizes unnecessary hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) in the electrodeposition system by reducing available protons.Lithium chlorine (LiCl) is a common salt for this purpose due to low costs. However, in the LiCl electrolyte, the necessary oxygen evolution reaction (OER) competes with chlorine evolution, which increases water activity and is visually identifiable with a color change from clear to yellow. When chloride ions are depleted, further deposition is no longer possible, and the electrolyte breaks down.A solution to this issue is using membranes to isolate the anode and cathode, thus preventing the chlorine evolution reaction from occurring. Since rhenium is a system with a small electrochemical window, possible oxide intermediates, and an overpotential for hydrogen evolution, the system requires the use of a stable water-in-salt electrolyte for elongated deposition.In this experiment, three membranes were examined to compare the impact on rhenium depositions in an H-cell. To compare the impact of each membrane, the change of pH of the DI side of the H-cell was monitored across time alongside the volume changes on both sides of the H-cell as a function of time due to LiCl inclusion. The quality and thicknesses of the coatings was examined by SEM as well as the impact on the morphologies of the rhenium of the deposits between each of the membranes.

Super tough, electrochemical stability and puncture resistant electrolyte for lithium‐metal batteries

AbstractPolymer electrolytes (PEs) are widely used in the field of flexible energy storage due to their high safety, good flexibility, and ease of processing. Developing PEs with both high mechanical properties, high ionic conductivity and wide electrochemical stability window (ESW) for lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs) is an urgent issue to be addressed. In this work, we designed and synthesized the poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐polyacrylic acid (PAA)‐LiCl electrolyte for LMBs with a high ionic conductivity, wide ESW, high modulus and puncture resistance simultaneously. Through the construction of dual cross‐linking networks, the PVA‐PAA‐LiCl exhibits a wide ESW (6.2 V), achieves a notable ionic conductivity (1.08 × 10−4 S cm−1) at room temperature and can realize a high cycle stability of Li symmetric battery more than 300 h at 1 mA cm−2/1 mA h cm−2. Furthermore, it demonstrates exceptional puncture resistance, capable of withstanding pressures up to 5.73 × 108 Pa exerted by a steel nail, while simultaneously exhibites a commendable tensile strength of 4.9 MPa. Hence, this conceptual framework featuring dual‐crosslink network structure offers profound implications for the progression of next‐generation flexible energy storage.

A non-aqueous Li+/Cl− dual-ion battery with layered double hydroxide cathode

Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have unique advantages in energy storage, such as high energy density and low cost. However, most studies on organic DIBs use anions with a large ionic radius (PF6−, TFSI−, etc.). Here, we propose a Li+/Cl− dual-ion battery (DIB) through using CoFe-Cl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and non-aqueous LiCl electrolytes, with a mechanism involving anionic insertion into the LDHs cathode and lithium plating/stripping on the anode. Coupled X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques indicate reversible expansion/extraction of (003) crystal planes of LDHs and valence state changes of Co and Fe, enabling high Cl− storage capacities of 145 mAh/g and 137 mAh/g at 200 mA/g and 1 A/g, respectively. Furthermore, this DIB demonstrates an impressive power density of 1770 W/kg with an energy density of 240 Wh/kg. This work provides a reference for developing high performance DIBs and expands the electrochemical application field of LDHs.

Shielding Mn3+ Disproportionation with Graphitic Carbon-Interlayered Manganese Oxide Cathodes for Enhanced Aqueous Energy Storage System.

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) materials have recently garnered attention as prospective high-capacity cathodes, owing to their theoretical two-electron redox reaction in charge storage processes. However, their practical application in aqueous energy storage systems faces a formidable challenge: the disproportionation of Mn3+ ions, leading to a significant reduction in their capacity. To address this limitation, the study presents a novel graphitic carbon interlayer-engineered manganese oxide (CI-MnOx) characterized by an open structure and abundant defects. This innovative material serves several essential functions for efficient aqueous energy storage. First, a graphitic carbon layer coats the MnOx molecular interlayer, effectively inhibiting Mn3+ disproportionation and substantially enhancing electrode conductivity. Second, the phase variation within MnOx generates numerous crystal defects, vacancies, and active sites, optimizing electron-transfer capability. Third, the flexible carbon layer acts as a buffer, mitigating the volume expansion of MnOx during extended cycling. The synergistic effects of these features result in the CI-MnOx exhibiting an impressive high capacity of 272 mAh g-1 (1224 F g-1) at 0.25 A g-1. Notably, the CI-MnOx demonstrates zero capacity loss after 90000 cycles (≈3011h), an uncommon longevity for manganese oxide materials. Spectral characterizations reveal reversible cation intercalation and conversion reactions with multielectron transfer in a LiCl electrolyte.

Nonaggregated Anions Enable the Undercooled Aqueous Electrolyte for Low-Temperature Applications.

Aqueous batteries, with the advantages of high safety and low cost, are highly promising for large-scale energy storage. However, freezing of the aqueous electrolyte limits the low-temperature operation. Here, we propose and achieve a highly dispersed solvation structure in the electrolyte by coupling nonaggregated Cl- anions, which reduces the water cluster size and prevents the solidification of the aqueous electrolyte until -136.3 °C. The low-temperature LiCl electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity (1.0 mS cm-1) at -80 °C and enables a stable low-temperature Ag/AgCl reference electrode at -50 °C. Moreover, the polyaniline-based battery can work at an extremely low temperature of -100 °C and shows superior cycling performance of 4000 cycles at -40 °C with 95.7% capacity retention. This work elucidates the correlation between the anion effect and the thermodynamic transition of the electrolyte, offering a novel approach for designing low-temperature electrolytes.

Effect of Salt Concentration in Water‐In‐Salt Electrolyte on Supercapacitor Applications

AbstractElectrical double‐layer supercapacitors offer numerous advantages in the context of energy storage; however, their widespread use is hindered by the high unit energy cost and low specific energy. Recently, water‐in‐salt (WIS) electrolytes have garnered interest for use in energy storage devices. Nevertheless, their direct application in high‐power devices is limited due to their high viscosity. In this study, we investigate the WIS Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)Imide (LiTFSI) electrolyte, revealing a high specific capacitance despite its elevated viscosity and restricted ionic conductivity. Our approach involves nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis alongside electrochemical analyses, highlighting the pronounced advantage of the WIS LiTFSI electrolyte over the WIS LiCl electrolyte at the molecular level. The NMR analysis shows that the LiTFSI electrolyte ions preferentially reside within the activated carbon pore network in the absence of an applied potential, in contrast to LiCl where the ions are more evenly distributed between the in‐pore and ex‐pore environments. This difference may contribute to the difference in capacitance between the two electrolytes observed during electrochemical cycling.

A Liquid Alloy Anode for the Electrolytic Reduction of Uranium Oxide in Molten Lithium Chloride

A cost-effective anode material for uranium oxide electrolytic reduction in lithium chloride is still in deficiency. In this work, the application of liquid lithium-bismuth alloy anode was investigated. In the LiCl electrolyte at 923 K, UO2 was reduced electrochemically in cathode, while Li-Bi alloy served as counter electrode. Partial reduction of UO2 was verified by X-ray powder diffraction when the cathode potential was intentionally controlled above the lithium reduction potential. In contrast, when the precipitation of lithium metal was intentionally controlled, the reduction of UO2 was significantly improved. The charge transfer coefficient of UO2/U reaction was also calculated. Regeneration of Li-Bi alloy in LiCl-Li2O through electrolysis was proposed. Carbon, gold, and platinum had been investigated as anode materials. According to the potential variation curve, lithium was not effectively reduced into bismuth as in pure LiCl when oxygen ion was present in the molten salt. These three materials failed to demonstrate advantage in the regeneration of Li-Bi alloy.

Mn Cluster-Embedded N/F Co-Doped Carbon toward Mild Aqueous Supercapacitors.

Aqueous supercapacitors have occupied a significant position among various types of stationary energy storage equipment, while their widespread application is hindered by the relatively low energy density. Herein, N/F co-doped carbon materials activated by manganese clusters (NCM) are constructed by the straightforward experimental routine. Benefiting from the elevated conductivity structure at the microscopic level, the optimized NCM-0.5 electrodes exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance of 653 F g-1 at 0.4 A g-1 and exceptional cycling stability (97.39% capacity retention even after 40,000 cycles at the scanning rate of 100 mV s-1) in a neutral 5 M LiCl electrolyte. Moreover, we assembled an asymmetric device pairing with a VOx anode (NCM-0.5//VOx), which delivered a durable life span of 95% capacity retention over 30,000 cycles and an impressive energy density of 77.9 Wh kg-1. This study provides inspiration for transition metal element doping engineering in high-energy storage equipment.

Temperature Study on Vanadium Oxide Nano-Spheres As an Efficient Electrodes for Supercapacitor

Due to the intermittence nature of renewable sources of energy, the research community has paid close attention to energy storage devices for ensuring the continuous supply of energy. Among the other transition metal oxides, V2O5 nanostructures have some inherent properties such as their layered structure, numerous oxidation states, low cost, ease of availability, and low toxicity, seems to fit to work as an electrode material for supercapacitor application. In the current study, V2O5 nanospheres were created using a solvothermal technique. To determine the ideal calcination temperature for the synthesis of V2O5 nanospheres, a thorough experimental examination was conducted. The resulting V2O5 nanospheres were thoroughly evaluated for their temperature-dependent morphological, structural, and compositional characteristics using a variety of cutting-edge analytical techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The diameters of the nanospheres range from 1-2 micrometers, but their widths are only a few nm. The generated nanospheres electrochemical examination was performed using an aqueous LiCl electrolyte. The generated nanospheres exhibit a cyclic stability of 66% capacitance retention after 500 cycles and the maximum specific capacitance of about 360 F/g at 0.5 A/g. The exceptional reversibility and cyclic stability of the nanospheres were caused by the surface alteration brought on by calcination. The slower kinetics of electrode dissolving can be used to explain the improved cycle performance seen in this study as a result of the reduction in stress during the electrochemical reaction. Keyword: Supercapacitor, Vanadium Pentoxide, Energy storage, Electrochemistry.

How cell design affects the performance of sodium-antimony-bismuth liquid metal batteries

Low-cost sodium-based liquid metal batteries are attractive candidates for grid-scale stationary energy storage. In this study, the performance of Na//SbBi9 test cells with molten salt electrolyte LiCl–NaCl–KCl (61-3-36 mol%) is evaluated for different cell designs. Cells with a metal foam hosting the negative electrode (5–6 Ah nominal capacity) and cells without foam are investigated. Additionally, the amount of electrolyte and the material used as positive current collector (PCC) are varied. The self-discharge current is only ∼0.35 mA/cm2 and depends reasonably on electrode distance and operating temperature. Contact resistances are 10 mΩ in total and thus smaller than the ohmic resistance of the electrolyte. The cell voltage is not affected by cell design, operating temperature, or cell age. Long-term cycling tests show a capacity decrease, which can be attributed to evaporation of Na. An additional capacity loss observed in cells with stainless steel PCC can be avoided by using Mo as PCC.

Wavy Two-Dimensional Conjugated Metal-Organic Framework with Metallic Charge Transport.

Two-dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) have emerged as a new class of crystalline layered conducting materials that hold significant promise for applications in electronics and spintronics. However, current 2D c-MOFs are mainly made from organic planar ligands, whereas layered 2D c-MOFs constructed by curved or twisted ligands featuring novel orbital structures and electronic states remain less developed. Herein, we report a Cu-catecholate wavy 2D c-MOF (Cu3(HFcHBC)2) based on a fluorinated core-twisted contorted hexahydroxy-hexa-cata-hexabenzocoronene (HFcHBC) ligand. We show that the resulting film is composed of rod-like single crystals with lengths up to ∼4 μm. The crystal structure is resolved by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED), indicating a wavy honeycomb lattice with AA-eclipsed stacking. Cu3(HFcHBC)2 is predicted to be metallic based on theoretical calculation, while the crystalline film sample with numerous grain boundaries apparently exhibits semiconducting behavior at the macroscopic scale, characterized by obvious thermally activated conductivity. Temperature-dependent electrical conductivity measurements on the isolated single-crystal devices indeed demonstrate the metallic nature of Cu3(HFcHBC)2, with a very weak thermally activated transport behavior and a room-temperature conductivity of 5.2 S cm-1. Furthermore, the 2D c-MOFs can be utilized as potential electrode materials for energy storage, which display decent capacity (163.3 F g-1) and excellent cyclability in an aqueous 5 M LiCl electrolyte. Our work demonstrates that wavy 2D c-MOF using contorted ligands are capable of intrinsic metallic transport, marking the emergence of new conductive MOFs for electronic and energy applications.

Li2 MnO3 : A Catalyst for a Liquid Cl2 Electrode in Low-Temperature Aqueous Batteries.

Li2 MnO3 has been contemplated as a high-capacity cathode candidate for Li-ion batteries; however, it evolves oxygen during battery charging under ambient conditions, which hinders a reversible reaction. However, it is unclear if this irreversible process still holds under subambient conditions. Here, the low-temperature electrochemical properties of Li2 MnO3 in an aqueous LiCl electrolyte are evaluated and a reversible discharge capacity of 302 mAh g-1 at a potential of 1.0V versus Ag/AgCl at -78 °C with good rate capability and stable cycling performance, in sharp contrast to the findings in a typical Li2 MnO3 cell cycled at room temperature, is observed. However, the results reveal that the capacity does not originate from the reversible oxygen oxidation in Li2 MnO3 but the reversible Cl2 (l)/Cl- (aq.) redox from the electrolyte. The results demonstrate the good catalytic properties of Li2 MnO3 to promote the Cl2 /Cl- redox at low temperatures.

Structural stabilization of Cr-doped spinel LiMn2O4 for long-term cyclability towards electrochemical lithium recovery in original brine

Current explosive demand in raw lithium greatly boosts lithium mining, and electrochemical Li-extraction using spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO) from original brine has gained much attentions. In this study, Cr-doped LMO is prepared via a facile precipitation-calcination to elucidate the structural alterations and suppress Jahn-Teller distortion, and a novel hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI) system of “Li-poor LiMn1.8Cr0.2O4||brine (recovery liquid)||activated carbon” is constructed for electrochemical Li-extraction. The results prove that Cr-doping effectively suppresses Mn3+ disproportionation induced by Jahn–Teller distortion, leading to a stabilized spinel framework for long lifespan. Importantly, the Cr-doping LMO realizes a stable (de)lithiation over 500 cycles with low manganese dissolution rate of 0.027 % per cycle. Meanwhile, the Li-extraction capacity can reach 22 mg g−1 in 1.0 M LiCl electrolyte with retention rate of 86.05 % after 500 cycles. In the assembled HCDI system, average Li-extraction capacity in brine reaches ∼15 mg g−1 after 15 cycles. Therefore, the HCDI system using Cr-doping LMO could introduce a new perspective for the industrial Li-extraction facing original brine.

Diffusion of LiCl electrolytes in 3D-nanoporous graphene structures

In this work, we investigate the diffusion of LiCl electrolytes in 3D-nanoporous graphene structures (3D-NGSs) through molecular dynamics simulations. The diffusion coefficients, D, of water, Li+, and Cl− are calculated in 3D-NGSs with different LiCl concentrations, porosities, and surface charge densities under various temperatures. It is found that the diffusion coefficients follow the Arrhenius Equation and power laws for the dependence on the temperature and porosity, respectively. They decrease with increasing salt concentration. At high surface charge densities, the diffusion coefficients decrease with increasing charge density, which, however, plays a minor role in affecting the diffusion coefficients in the range of 0–0.2 C m−2. The mechanisms are investigated through the potential energy distribution in the 3D-NGSs. General scaling laws for the diffusion coefficients of water, Li+, and Cl− are proposed. The results in this work provide useful information for the design of electrodes and various energy systems.

Enhancing Charge Storage of Mo2Ti2C3 MXene by Partial Oxidation

AbstractDriving the pseudocapacitive redox intercalation in 2DMXenes with neutral electrolytes is important for safer, more sustainable, and improved electrochemical charge storage. Single transition metal MXenes, such as Ti3C2, have shown great promise for energy storage, owing to their high conductivity and redox activity. Mixed metallic MXenes, such as out‐of‐plane ordered Mo2Ti2C3, have remained underexplored in energy storage because of the absence of redox activity in most of the electrolytes. Simultaneous structural modifications and instigating intercalation pseudocapacitance in neutral electrolytes could be a viable strategy for enhancing their electrochemical properties. Herein, a facile synthesis of partially oxidized Mo2Ti2C3 MXene (PO‐Mo2Ti2C3) exhibiting improved charge storage capability is demonstrated. Optical, structural, and spectroscopic analyses indicate the formation of oxide nanostructures upon thermal oxidation of Mo2Ti2C3 . This leads to an enhanced energy storage capability with remarkably improved cyclability as well as a high Coulombic efficiency in a neutral LiCl electrolyte. This work highlights the importance of structural modifications of MXenes to enhance their charge storage and shows the promise of less explored double transition metal MXenes in energy storage.

Ultrafast Fabrication of H2SO4, LiCl, and Li2SO4 Gel Electrolyte Supercapacitors with Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)-LiMnOx Electrodes Processed Using Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Jet.

Pastes containing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and LiCl-Mn(NO3)2·4H2O are screen-printed on a carbon cloth substrate and then calcined using a nitrogen atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) for conversion into rGO-LiMnOx nanocomposites. The APPJ processing time is within 300 s. RGO-LiMnOx on carbon cloth is used to sandwich H2SO4, LiCl, or Li2SO4 gel electrolytes to form hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs). The areal capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability of the HSCs are evaluated using electrochemical measurement. The HSC utilizing the Li2SO4 gel electrolyte exhibits enhanced electrode-electrolyte interface reactions and increased effective surface area due to its high pseudocapacitance (PC) ratio and lithium ion migration rate. As a result, it demonstrates the highest areal capacitance and energy density. The coupling of charges generated by embedded lithium ions with the electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) further contributed to the significant overall capacitance enhancement. Conversely, the HSC with the H2SO4 gel electrolyte exhibits better cycling stability. Our findings shed light on the interplay between gel electrolytes and electrode materials, offering insights into the design and optimization of high-performance HSCs.

High-performance flexible energy storage: Decorating wrinkled MXene with in situ grown Cu2O nanoparticles

The precise design and fabrication of electrode materials is important for the development of high-performance flexible supercapacitors. Cu2O/MXene film electrodes with an interconnected conductive network structure are prepared in this work by in situ growth of Cu2O nanoparticles in a Ti3C2Tx dispersion, followed by alkali induction and vacuum filtration. The interconnected crimpled Ti3C2Tx structure produced by alkali induction not only works as the self-supported conductive network of the thin film electrode but also demonstrates sufficient open pores and high surface area, which can promote electrolyte penetration and increase active sites for energy storage. The synergy between Cu2O nanoparticles and the crimpled Ti3C2Tx framework leads to good structural stability and electrochemical performance. The results show that the Cu2O/MXene electrode exhibits a high specific area capacitance of 1518 mF cm−2 in 1 M LiCl electrolyte. In addition, the all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor fabricated with the Cu2O/MXene electrode exhibits excellent cyclic stability and flexibility; the capacity retains 94.3% after 10,000 charge and discharge cycles, and the energy storage performance remains stable after 50 mechanical bending cycles.

Effect of LiCl Electrolyte Concentration on Energy Storage of Supercapacitor with Multilayered Ti3C2Tx MXene Electrodes Synthesized by Hydrothermal Etching

The development of new electrode materials for electrochemical systems for various purposes is a significant and in-demand task of scientific research. Layered transition metal carbides and nitrides, known as MXenes, show great potential for use as electrodes in electrochemical energy storage devices operating in aqueous electrolytes. In this work, a multilayer Ti3C2Tx MXene was obtained from a Ti3AlC2 precursor and studied as the electrode material of a symmetrical supercapacitor with an aqueous LiCl electrolyte. The formation of the MXene structure was confirmed by the data from X-ray phase analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed the disappearance of the main reflections related to the Ti3AlC2 phase and the shift of the reflection peak (002) from 9.4° to 6.7°, which indicated successful etching of the Al layers from the Ti3AlC2 precursor. At electrolyte concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 20 M, the supercapacitors demonstrated high specific capacitances of 105, 120, 126, and 151 F·g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV·s−1. In addition, an increase in the LiCl concentration contributed to the expansion of the potential window from 0.7 to 1 V. It was shown that the contribution of the surface capacitance to the total capacitance of the electrode is about 40% and depends little on the scan rate. In addition, the symmetrical supercapacitor with 5 M electrolyte showed good cyclic stability with capacitance retention of 88% over 10,000 cycles. The parameters of the main components of the physical processes of supercapacitors based on Ti3C2Tx were determined by the method of impedance spectroscopy.