Progressive Sectors Research Articles

Recommendations of the Moroccan Society of Rheumatology (SMR) for the Therapeutic Management of Spondyloarthritis (SpA) including Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA).

The advent of new therapeutic classes and the updating of international recommendations have justified the development of recent recommendations by the Moroccan Society of Rheumatology. Methods Guidelines were drafted by a core steering committee after performing a literature search. A multidisciplinary task force, including three fellows, eleven rheumatologists, a specialist in physical medicine and rehabilitation, an epidemiologist from hospital-university, hospital and liberal sectors and one patient assessed the Best Practice Guidelines using 2 rounds of anonymous online voting by modified Delphi process. Thus, 19 recommendations were developed. Recommendation 1 concerns the therapeutic principles, recommendation 2 insists on the information and education of the patient, recommendation 3 concerns the general measures to be adopted, namely physical activity, smoking cessation and psychological support, recommendation 4 concerns Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs which constitute the first-line treatment, recommendations 5 to 7 concern the use of analgesics, of general and local corticosteroid therapy and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, recommendations 8 to 13 deal with the use of biologic agents, including new classes and their indications in radiographic and nonradiographic axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis, follow-up and management in case of failure or remission, recommendation 14 deals with the indication for Janus kinase inhibitors drugs, recommendation 15 deals with physical treatment and recommendation 16 deals with the indication of surgery. Recommendations 17 to 19 deal with special situations, namely fibromyalgia, vaccination and pregnancy. A well-defined therapeutic strategy with first- and second-line treatments has been established.

Cold war controversies in the pro-amnesty campaigns of the Spanish political prisoners (1961) and the erosion of Spanish exiles’ leadership in the anti-Francoist policies1

ABSTRACT Coinciding with a growing activity of the new opposition groups, produced in the end of the decade of the 1950s and whose main result was the meeting in 1962 in Munich, an important campaign was held in 1961 for the amnesty of the Spanish political prisoners. Behind the great history of this international protest were found, not easy to unravel or perceive at the time, rivalries and struggles for the leadership among the anti-Franco forces, as well as internal discussions about the strategic aspects of such actions. The article documents that the strategy of countering communist campaigns and propaganda activities from the radical anti-communist approach found growing rejection in progressive circles of liberal exile, generating an important controversy following a protest letter published by Republican Spanish intellectuals in The New York Times regarding pro-amnesty activities of the communists. Those internal quarrels among the liberal sectors of the opposition revealed the growing sterility of the political projects of the anticommunist exile leaders connected to the American covert cold war organisations, and gave reason to the supporters of an action of influence and political mobilization led from inside Spain and among its new opposition groups.

De Juan Ambrosio Huerta a Mariano Holguín: episcopado, ultramontanismo y modernidad en Arequipa (1880-1935)

En el Perú, ante el avance de sectores liberales en Lima, Arequipa se constituyó como una ciudad baluarte del catolicismo. En este proceso, el episcopado jugó un papel clave como dinamizador de espacios de formación ultramontana para el clero y el laicado, de promoción de sociedades laicales apologéticas y ociales, de consolidación de prácticas piadosas y de construcción de una legitimidad pública para la Iglesia en la ciudad. En este sentido, este artículo estudia el proceso de afianzamiento del ultramontanismo y del catolicismo social de los episcopados de José Ambrosio Huerta, Manuel Ballón y Mariano Holguín. De esta manera, la Iglesia fortaleció su presencia en el espacio público regional y pudo articular un discurso sobre la modernidad desde la perspectiva católica, a favor de la presencia pública de la Iglesia como estructuradora de la vida política, social y moral en la ciudad.

Kinésithérapie et COVID-19 : de la réanimation à la réhabilitation à domicile. Synthèse des recommandations internationales

IntroductionLa pathologie connue sous le nom de Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) est responsable d’une pandémie mondiale et de nombreux décès. Ce contexte nécessite une adaptation des services sanitaires et du rôle de chacun des intervenants, dont le masseur-kinésithérapeute (MK).État des connaissancesAfin d’optimiser les soins, de nombreuses sociétés savantes ont proposé des recommandations concernant le rôle du MK mais aucune ne propose un aperçu global de la prise en charge MK. L’objectif de cette revue est donc d’en proposer une synthèse afin de faciliter la prise en charge des patients, quel que soit le stade de la pathologie.PerspectivesÉtant donné le caractère émergent du COVID-19, les recommandations proposées dans la littérature seront amenées à être ajustées en fonction de l’évolution de l’épidémie et des moyens des secteurs hospitaliers et libéraux, notamment pour le suivi à long terme de ces patients. Les recherches en cours et à venir viseront à évaluer l’impact des interventions MK proposées aux patients.ConclusionL’apparition du COVID-19 a nécessité une adaptation très rapide du système de santé. La place du MK se justifie à toutes les étapes de la prise en charge du patient afin de limiter les conséquences fonctionnelles de la pathologie.

Regenerationism, Physical Education and Sport as Symbols of Modernity in the Canary Islands, 1898–1930

The events that led to the loss of the last colonies in Spain during the Restauración (1874–1930) have been widely studied in the most recent historiography. The search for solutions, taking as a starting point the Spanish interest in the concept of Regenerationism, focuses many of its responses in the European context. From a pedagogical perspective, the emergence in 1876 of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza in response to the weaknesses of the Spanish system, is one more example of the educational and social fragmentation, an element more of weakness that helps us to understand the Spanish 1898 disaster. The answers to the ills of the country, already initiated decades ago, were not made to wait, and the idea of a new race is reinforced by the more progressive sectors, a new generation that would have in the education the basis for the transformation of the state. As happened in other parts of the Spanish geography, in the Canary Islands, the liberal, progressive and intellectual sectors are creating a social network, through public and private initiatives, as symbols of modernity, in which sport and physical education emerge as antidotes for the social regeneration of the people, focussing especially on four areas of action: the pedagogical regenerationism, through the discourse of educators and physicians, sport as a regenerative practice and military regenerationism. Around these areas will be articulated, simultaneously, a discourse of modernity that will reflect the changes that slowly but progressively develop in the Canary Islands context.

La guerra digital por la información en África: capitalismo internacional de la mano de Google, Facebook, IBM y Microsoft

El clima de privatización y liberalización de los años ochenta y noventa en África allanó el camino para que algunos de los más importantes conglomerados de medios africanos sembraran las primeras semillas del plan corporativo transnacional. Al mismo tiempo, el tsunami liberalizador de esta época favoreció al actual panorama en el que las multinacionales se mueven sin marcos reguladores en el continente. Este es el caso de los gigantes de las telecomunicaciones quienes se encuentran instalados desde hace años en África previendo ese aforismo exponencial y cacareado desde los sectores liberales: “África crece. Y el futuro está allí”. Un crecimiento, no obstante, sin desarrollo. La narrativa dominante de empresas como Microsoft, IBM, Google o Facebook es que pretenden conectar a millones de personas, sin embargo, con el presente artículo trataremos de trazar otras vinculaciones, especialmente tras los escándalos de Facebook y Cambridge Analytica en procesos electorales, que nos ayudarán a entender esta dinámica que se insertaría en una guerra por el control de la información internacional y global. Un “conflicto bélico” que por uno de sus principales escenarios y laboratorios tiene al continente africano.

Reforma da previdência e trabalhista no Brasil: a democracia midiatizada no pós-impeachment de 2016

From 2013 Brazil has given a new meaning to its policy in a very particular way. One of most striking consequences for country’s democracy was culmination of impeachment of twice- elected president (2010 and 2014) with more than 51 million direct votes, Dilma Rousseff, of Partido dos Trabalhadores. The new government started in 2015 was marked by intense oppositionist manifestations articulated by right-wing parties and rightwing politicians, together with conservative and neo- liberal sectors and institutions such as Federacao da Industria de Sao Paulo (FIESP) and with broad support, in an alternation of scheduling and spiral of silence, of much of traditional and corporatist Brazilian media. Parallel to this, isolation of legislative branch from one of largest investigations into corruption (which begins within Petrobras and expands to other institutions, including real estate market and political class) -the Lava Jato, which included name of most Brazilian politicians ended up generating a crisis not only of political representation, but within political system itself. President Dilma suffers a coup d’etat and leaves government in 2016. Assumes its deputy president, Michel Temer, with proposal of being the president of great In this context are inserted proposals for social security reform (PEC 287) that among other things changes minimum age required for retirement; and labor reform that dilutes some rights of formal workers in name of a generation of employment and income of productive sector, as an alternative to come out of economic crisis. However, mood of dissatisfaction and polarization between left and right did not calm down after impeachment. And since beginning of 2017, when these two reforms were put on agenda of media and Congress for voting, a series of protests, demonstrations and strikes reasserted forces of desire for direct political participation. The left, somewhat discouraged post-impeachment, saw popular dissatisfaction with two reforms, possibility of union of a large part of population in a single cause: stop dismantling of workers’ rights. Thus, some demonstrations and striking movements were carried out in first year of Temer Government, but silenced or scheduled in a distorted way by mainstream media. This article therefore proposes to analyze implementation of reforms of Social Security and Labor Legislation as mechanisms of popular cohesion around dissatisfaction with new government of Michel Temer and how this relates directly to media coverage that has made on social manifestations after impeachment of President Dilma. Qualitatively it will proceed analysis of discourse of main news made around reforms.

Election through complaint and controversy for political power in Chile, 1874–1925

SUMMARYThis article offers reflections on the power relations between the executive and legislative branches of the Chilean state by examining the way political parties leveraged the electoral system to balance the weight of each branch in the configuration of government. The period from 1874 to 1924 is framed by a cycle of reforms to Chile’s 1833 constitution that were pushed through by liberal sectors to limit the power of the executive under the country’s presidential regime, efforts that contributed to a final breakdown of the presidential regime following civil war in 1891. That year the victorious revolutionary forces implemented a parliamentarian system that remained in place until it was overthrown by a military coup. The literature on this process has studied the use of legislative manoeuvres such as obstruction, accusation and filibuster by political parties to weaken the executive power. Little has been written, however, about the way parties exploited the rules and procedures of the electoral system and, specifically, the use of official complaints and the process known as calificación (qualification) by which congress audited final election results. This article will help fill that void, focusing on understanding how both practices worked and the effects that the election reforms of 1874, 1884 and 1890 had on them.

Rehabilitation of 190 non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy in structures of care or in liberal sector

AimsTo describe the rehabilitation of non-ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and to explore adjustability on their individual needs. Material and methodData described are extracted from an on-going national cohort study, following during 10years 385 children with cerebral palsy, aged from 4 to 10, Gross Motor Function Classification System IV and V. We analysed data from the first 190 patients (mean age 6years 10months (SD 2.0), 111 boys), focusing on physiotherapy, ergotherapy, psychomotility and speech therapy in medico-social and liberal sectors. ResultsIn medico-social sector, duration of paramedical care is significantly more important than in liberal sector (structure of care: median=4.25h/week, liberal sector: median=2.00h/week) (P<0.0001). More than 4 different types of care per week are given in medico-social sector, while in liberal sector children benefit from only 2 different types of care a week. In investigators opinion, rehabilitation in structures of care is 71.65% adapted as opposed to 18.75% in the liberal sector (P<0.001). Children level V have less time of rehabilitation than the others (P=0.0424). InterpretationRehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy who are not able to walk, with an objective to improve quality of life, is truly multidisciplinary and suitable in medico-social sector.

SAT0054 The Body Mass Index and Its Influence on the Activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from the QUEST-RA Study Morocco.

BackgroundThe results of the international QUEST RA study showed that the high BMI was associated with a high activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in women. Althoughour country is in developing,...

Historia del origen de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (a propósito de su 190º aniversario)

A poco de haberse celebrado el 190º aniversario de la creación de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, una de las primeras universidades poscoloniales de Iberoamérica, el presente trabajo hace un recorrido por los debates que atravesaron ese proceso, y el modo en que esas disputas por la apropiación del momento fundacional, libradas entre los sectores clericales y los liberales, son retomadas hacia fines del siglo XIX, en una querella de la que emerge la discusión por el sentido inicial de la universidad y su forma de enmarcarse en el proceso de construcción de un estado independiente.

The Structural Core as Totem

The architectural group known as the Metabolists was established in 1960 to represent Japan at the Tokyo World Design Conference held in May of that year.1 Then a group of young architects, supported by the architect Kenzo Tange (1913–2005) and led by the journalist and architectural critic Noboru Kawazoe (b. 1926), the Metabolists produced visions that captured the spirit of this period of transformative change in Japan’s cultural history. In 1960, some fifteen years following the end of the Second World War, based on its “economic miracle” Japan appeared to be moving quickly towards a future filled with the promise of what was referred to in Japanese as the akarui-seikatsu, literally, “the bright life”. At the same time, the country was experiencing the internal upheaval and controversy following the government decision to ratify the Japan-US Treaty of Cooperation and Security (also known as Anpo) in January 1960, which was seen by many as a renewed form of Japan’s dependence on Western powers. This development reopened the debate, most notably in the more liberal sectors of Japanese society, over the questions of cultural identity and political self-assertion. The “city”— gaining a size and complexity of unprecedented magnitude as a result of “the era of the high speed growth” — was also the stage for intense discussion and for violent protest against the government. This was the backdrop to the World Design Conference, which occurred just a few months following the massive demonstrations against the Diet’s passing of the Anpo. The theme of the conference, “The Future of our Cities”, occasioned a peculiar moment of reflection for the members of the Metabolist group, who themselves professing Marxist leanings, pondered their identity and what they could contribute as Japanese architects in the global arena. The Structural Core as Totem Reflections on Form and Symbol in the Architecture of Metabolism

La homosexualidad en el cine árabe

Homosexuality has always been taboo in Arab culture, however, diverse Arabic countries have included this theme within their cinematic productions. Homosexuality may be projected within the plot or subplot, with the use of full nude scenes; a practice that liberal sectors of Arabic societies support, while the conservative religious wing attempt to control through censorships. Despite these attempts to curtail these themes, we can find numerous homosexual scenes involving both gay men and women in a number of Arabic films. The majority of these films are Egyptian, although we can also find filmmakers from Morocco and Libya, above all the genial Youssef Chahin.

Niveau de preuve de la gestion de cas dans la maladie d’Alzheimer : revue de littérature

Alzheimer's disease or related diseases patients are particularly vulnerable to fragmentation of the French system of care and support. The government has decided to implement a national plan from which two key steps are the implementation of integration and case management. We report results of a review of the literature on both the definition of these concepts and their impacts as reported in randomized controlled studies. Important differences are noticeable between studies concerning the spectrum of integration (acute and long-term care, social and health sectors, institutional and liberal sectors and financing mode notably). Case-management has multiple sense, and it must be paid attention to intensity and context of the intervention. According to available evidence, case management is likely to improve, for the person with Alzheimer's, quality of care, quality of life and quality of life of caregivers at least. Conditions for a program to be successful are adequate targeting of the target population, sufficient level of integration and adequate intensity of case management. The programs most successful and most intensive relate an effect on prevention of loss of autonomy, even death, and no extra cost. The effects on hospitalization or entry into the institution are currently hypothetical and should be further studied.

Developing national mining policies in Chile: 1974–1996

This paper discusses the mining development policies in Chile in the period 1974–1996. This period includes the military government that took over the country from socialist President Allende in 1973, and the return to democracy with the election of President Aylwin in 1989 and of President Frei in 1993. The paper analyses the economic and mining policies of the military and democratic periods, and then the country's mining investment, production and exports under the prism of the main institutional development policies pursued. The analysis focuses on copper mining, where investment and growth have created a mining boom unprecedented worldwide in this century since the discovery of the flotation process in the early 1900s. Thus it is of special relevance to examine the set of circumstances that has made this boom possible. The main discussion during this period regards the legitimacy of foreign investment in mining vs the capacity and potential of the state-owned company Codelco to be a protagonist of mining development. While the more liberal sectors of the political spectrum have supported the privatization of Codelco, the more conservative sectors support the continued ownership of Codelco by the state. This discussion will be of no great consequence if the mining boom continues. Nevertheless aspects of the discussion in 1996 questioned the economic development model employed by the country since 1974. Crucial for the legitimacy of foreign investment is the assessment of the returns that the country is receiving from mining investment. Two studies released in 1996 conclude that the overall effects of foreign investment in mining are positive at the national and regional levels and that a Dutch disease scenario does not seem probable for the future. Moreover, it is evident that had the mining boom not occurred, the country's economic growth would have been lower during the period 1988–1996. It also seems clear that the military government did not have identifiable viable options for a potentially successful mining policy at the time when the great policy decisions were taken. This has been validated by the policies adopted by the two democratic governments in more recent years. This does not signify that all is perfect. Indeed there are policy changes to be adopted, but they seem to be directed at adjusting the model so that the country improves its returns rather than upsetting the whole economic-institutional model.